halt 3.0.1

//! Provides worker threads that can be paused, stopped, and resumed.
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! ```
//! use std::time::Duration;
//! use std::thread;
//!
//! // Create a worker thread
//! let worker = halt::Worker::new();
//!
//! // Submit a task and wait for its result
//! let rx = worker.run(|| 2 + 2).expect("task queued");
//! let result = rx.recv().expect("task completed");
//! assert_eq!(result, 4);
//!
//! // Pause the worker; tasks will queue but won’t run until resumed
//! worker.pause();
//!
//! // Queue a task while paused
//! let rx_paused = worker.run(|| {
//!     // Simulate work
//!     thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
//!     "done while paused"
//! }).expect("task queued");
//!
//! // Give a moment to show it's not running while paused
//! thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
//! assert!(worker.is_paused());
//!
//! // Resume to let the queued task run
//! worker.resume();
//! let msg = rx_paused.recv().expect("task completed");
//! assert_eq!(msg, "done while paused");
//!
//! // Stop will cause the worker to skip tasks until resumed (or killed)
//! worker.stop();
//!
//! // This task will be skipped because the worker is stopped
//! let rx_skipped = worker.run(|| 42).expect("task queued");
//!
//! // Resume so the worker can process future tasks
//! worker.resume();
//!
//! // The skipped task won't produce a value; recv will block forever.
//! // Use try_recv or a timeout in real code to handle this:
//! assert!(rx_skipped.try_recv().is_err());
//!
//! // Submit another task that will run now
//! let rx2 = worker.run(|| "runs after resume").expect("task queued");
//! assert_eq!(rx2.recv().unwrap(), "runs after resume");
//! ```

use std::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver, SendError, Sender};
use std::sync::{Arc, Condvar, Mutex, MutexGuard, Weak};
use std::thread::{self, JoinHandle, Thread};

use Signal::{Kill, Pause, Run, Stop};

type Task = Box<dyn FnOnce() + Send>;

/// A worker thread that can be paused, stopped, and resumed.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Worker {
    remote: Remote,
    sender: Sender<Task>,
    join_handle: JoinHandle<()>,
}

impl Drop for Worker {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.remote.set(Kill);
    }
}

impl Default for Worker {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Worker::new()
    }
}

impl Worker {
    /// Creates a new worker that is ready to run tasks.
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel::<Task>();
        let waiter = Waiter::default();
        let remote = waiter.remote();

        let join_handle = thread::spawn(move || {
            while let Ok(task) = receiver.recv() {
                let g = waiter.wait_while_paused();
                match *g {
                    Kill => return,
                    Stop => continue,
                    Run | Pause => drop(g),
                }

                task()
            }
        });

        Worker {
            remote,
            sender,
            join_handle,
        }
    }

    /// Run `f` on the worker thread.
    pub fn run<T>(
        &self,
        f: impl FnOnce() -> T + Send + 'static,
    ) -> Result<Receiver<T>, SendError<Task>>
    where
        T: Send + 'static,
    {
        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::sync_channel(1);

        let task = Box::new(move || {
            let x = f();
            sender.send(x).ok();
        });

        self.sender.send(task).map(|_| receiver)
    }

    /// Returns the thread on which the worker is running.
    pub fn thread(&self) -> &Thread {
        self.join_handle.thread()
    }

    /// Resumes the `Worker` from a paused or stopped state into a running state.
    pub fn resume(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.set(Run)
    }

    /// Pauses the `Worker`, causing it to sleep until resumed.
    pub fn pause(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.set(Pause)
    }

    /// Stops the `Worker`, causing it to skip tasks.
    pub fn stop(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.set(Stop)
    }

    /// Returns `true` if running.
    pub fn is_running(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.is(Run)
    }

    /// Returns `true` if paused.
    pub fn is_paused(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.is(Pause)
    }

    /// Returns `true` if stopped.
    pub fn is_stopped(&self) -> bool {
        self.remote.is(Stop)
    }
}

/// Helper for pausing, stopping, and resuming across threads.
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
struct Waiter {
    state: Arc<State>,
}

impl Waiter {
    /// Returns a remote that allows for pausing, stopping, and resuming.
    fn remote(&self) -> Remote {
        Remote {
            state: Arc::downgrade(&self.state),
        }
    }

    /// Sleeps the current thread until resumed or stopped.
    fn wait_while_paused(&self) -> MutexGuard<'_, Signal> {
        let guard = self.state.signal.lock().unwrap();
        self.state
            .condvar
            .wait_while(guard, |status| *status == Pause)
            .unwrap()
    }
}

/// A remote that allows for pausing, stopping, and resuming from another thread.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Remote {
    state: Weak<State>,
}

impl Remote {
    fn set(&self, signal: Signal) -> bool {
        self.state.upgrade().is_some_and(|state| state.set(signal))
    }

    fn is(&self, signal: Signal) -> bool {
        self.state.upgrade().is_some_and(|state| state.is(signal))
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
enum Signal {
    #[default]
    Run,
    Pause,
    Stop,
    Kill,
}

#[derive(Debug, Default)]
struct State {
    signal: Mutex<Signal>,
    condvar: Condvar,
}

impl State {
    fn set(&self, signal: Signal) -> bool {
        let Ok(mut guard) = self.signal.lock() else {
            return false;
        };

        *guard = signal;
        self.condvar.notify_all();
        true
    }

    fn is(&self, signal: Signal) -> bool {
        self.signal.lock().is_ok_and(|guard| *guard == signal)
    }
}