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//! Git-compatible wildmatch pattern matching.
//!
//! Implements shell-style pattern matching for `?`, `\`, `[]`, and `*`
//! characters, with special handling of `**` for directory matching.
//!
//! Based on the algorithm by Rich Salz (1986), modified by Wayne Davison
//! for special `/` handling and `**` glob support.
pub const WM_CASEFOLD: u32 = 1;
pub const WM_PATHNAME: u32 = 2;
const WM_MATCH: i32 = 0;
const WM_NOMATCH: i32 = 1;
const WM_ABORT_ALL: i32 = -1;
const WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR: i32 = -2;
const NEGATE_CLASS: u8 = b'!';
const NEGATE_CLASS2: u8 = b'^';
#[inline]
fn is_glob_special(c: u8) -> bool {
matches!(c, b'*' | b'?' | b'[' | b'\\')
}
/// Core recursive matching function — closely follows the C `dowild()` for-loop
/// (`for (; *p; text++, p++)`), including advancing `text` only once per iteration
/// after `[` / `?` / literals (not inside `do_bracket` before the pattern `]` is consumed).
fn dowild(p: &[u8], text: &[u8], flags: u32) -> i32 {
let mut pi = 0;
let mut ti = 0;
while pi < p.len() {
let p_ch = p[pi];
let t_ch = if ti < text.len() {
text[ti]
} else if p_ch != b'*' {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
} else {
0
};
let t_ch_fold = if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && t_ch.is_ascii_uppercase() {
t_ch.to_ascii_lowercase()
} else {
t_ch
};
match p_ch {
b'\\' => {
pi += 1;
if pi >= p.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
let mut lit = p[pi];
if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && lit.is_ascii_uppercase() {
lit = lit.to_ascii_lowercase();
}
if t_ch_fold != lit {
return WM_NOMATCH;
}
}
b'?' => {
if (flags & WM_PATHNAME) != 0 && t_ch == b'/' {
return WM_NOMATCH;
}
}
b'*' => {
let star_start = pi;
// Determine if this is ** and whether it matches slashes.
let prev_p = pi; // position of first *
pi += 1;
let match_slash;
if pi < p.len() && p[pi] == b'*' {
// Found '**' — skip all consecutive stars
while pi < p.len() && p[pi] == b'*' {
pi += 1;
}
if (flags & WM_PATHNAME) == 0 {
match_slash = true;
} else {
// Valid ** must be at start or after / , and before end or /
let prev_ok = prev_p < 2 || (prev_p >= 1 && p[prev_p - 1] == b'/');
let next_ok = pi >= p.len()
|| p[pi] == b'/'
|| (pi + 1 < p.len() && p[pi] == b'\\' && p[pi + 1] == b'/');
if prev_ok && next_ok {
if pi < p.len()
&& p[pi] == b'/'
&& dowild(&p[pi + 1..], &text[ti..], flags) == WM_MATCH
{
return WM_MATCH;
}
match_slash = true;
} else {
match_slash = false;
}
}
} else {
match_slash = (flags & WM_PATHNAME) == 0;
}
// Trailing star(s)?
if pi >= p.len() {
if !match_slash && text[ti..].contains(&b'/') {
return WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR;
}
return WM_MATCH;
}
// Single * followed by / with WM_PATHNAME: skip to next /
if !match_slash && p[pi] == b'/' {
if let Some(pos) = text[ti..].iter().position(|&b| b == b'/') {
ti += pos;
// Git: leave `text` at `/`, then the for-loop does `text++, p++`.
ti += 1;
pi = star_start + 2;
continue;
} else {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
}
// General star matching loop — mirrors C's while(1).
let mut t_cur = t_ch; // current text byte
loop {
if t_cur == 0 && ti >= text.len() {
break;
}
// Fast-advance when pattern continues with a literal
if !is_glob_special(p[pi]) {
let mut p_lit = p[pi];
if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && p_lit.is_ascii_uppercase() {
p_lit = p_lit.to_ascii_lowercase();
}
while ti < text.len() {
let mut tc = text[ti];
if !match_slash && tc == b'/' {
break;
}
if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && tc.is_ascii_uppercase() {
tc = tc.to_ascii_lowercase();
}
if tc == p_lit {
break;
}
ti += 1;
}
if ti >= text.len() || {
let mut tc = if ti < text.len() { text[ti] } else { 0 };
if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && tc.is_ascii_uppercase() {
tc = tc.to_ascii_lowercase();
}
tc != p_lit
} {
return if match_slash {
WM_ABORT_ALL
} else {
WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR
};
}
}
let matched = dowild(&p[pi..], &text[ti..], flags);
if matched != WM_NOMATCH {
if !match_slash || matched != WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR {
return matched;
}
} else if !match_slash && ti < text.len() && text[ti] == b'/' {
return WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR;
}
ti += 1;
t_cur = if ti < text.len() { text[ti] } else { 0 };
}
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
b'[' => {
let result = do_bracket(p, &mut pi, t_ch_fold, t_ch, flags);
if result != WM_MATCH {
return result;
}
}
_ => {
let mut p_fold = p_ch;
if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && p_fold.is_ascii_uppercase() {
p_fold = p_fold.to_ascii_lowercase();
}
if t_ch_fold != p_fold {
return WM_NOMATCH;
}
}
}
// C `for` increment: `text++, p++` after each iteration. `do_bracket` leaves `pi`
// past `]`; other branches leave `pi` on the byte that was matched.
ti += 1;
if p_ch != b'[' {
pi += 1;
}
}
if ti < text.len() {
WM_NOMATCH
} else {
WM_MATCH
}
}
/// Handle `[...]` bracket expression matching.
/// Updates `pi` to point past the closing `]`.
fn do_bracket(pattern: &[u8], pi: &mut usize, t_ch: u8, t_ch_raw: u8, flags: u32) -> i32 {
let mut idx = *pi + 1; // skip '['
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
let mut p_ch = pattern[idx];
// Handle negation (! or ^)
if p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS2 {
p_ch = NEGATE_CLASS;
}
let negated = p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS;
if negated {
idx += 1;
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
p_ch = pattern[idx];
}
let mut prev_ch: u8 = 0;
let mut matched = false;
loop {
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
if p_ch == b'\\' {
idx += 1;
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
p_ch = pattern[idx];
if t_ch == p_ch {
matched = true;
}
} else if p_ch == b'-'
&& prev_ch != 0
&& idx + 1 < pattern.len()
&& pattern[idx + 1] != b']'
{
idx += 1;
p_ch = pattern[idx];
if p_ch == b'\\' {
idx += 1;
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
p_ch = pattern[idx];
}
if t_ch <= p_ch && t_ch >= prev_ch {
matched = true;
} else if (flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && t_ch.is_ascii_lowercase() {
let t_upper = t_ch.to_ascii_uppercase();
if t_upper <= p_ch && t_upper >= prev_ch {
matched = true;
}
}
p_ch = 0; // makes prev_ch = 0
} else if p_ch == b'[' && idx + 1 < pattern.len() && pattern[idx + 1] == b':' {
// POSIX character class [:name:]
let s = idx + 2;
let mut end = s;
while end < pattern.len() && pattern[end] != b']' {
end += 1;
}
if end >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
let i = (end as isize) - (s as isize) - 1;
if i < 0 || pattern[end - 1] != b':' {
// Didn't find ":]", treat '[' as literal in the set
if t_ch == b'[' {
matched = true;
}
// Continue processing from next char (the ':')
prev_ch = b'[';
idx += 1;
p_ch = pattern[idx];
continue;
}
let class_name = &pattern[s..end - 1];
match match_posix_class(class_name, t_ch, flags) {
Some(true) => matched = true,
Some(false) => {}
None => return WM_ABORT_ALL, // malformed class name
}
p_ch = 0; // makes prev_ch = 0
idx = end; // points at ']'
} else if t_ch == p_ch {
matched = true;
}
prev_ch = p_ch;
idx += 1;
if idx >= pattern.len() {
return WM_ABORT_ALL;
}
p_ch = pattern[idx];
if p_ch == b']' {
break;
}
}
*pi = idx + 1; // past ']'
if matched == negated || ((flags & WM_PATHNAME) != 0 && t_ch_raw == b'/') {
WM_NOMATCH
} else {
WM_MATCH
}
}
/// Returns Some(true/false) for known classes, None for unknown (malformed).
fn match_posix_class(class: &[u8], ch: u8, flags: u32) -> Option<bool> {
Some(match class {
b"alnum" => ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric(),
b"alpha" => ch.is_ascii_alphabetic(),
b"blank" => ch == b' ' || ch == b'\t',
b"cntrl" => ch.is_ascii_control(),
b"digit" => ch.is_ascii_digit(),
b"graph" => ch.is_ascii_graphic(),
b"lower" => ch.is_ascii_lowercase(),
b"print" => ch.is_ascii_graphic() || ch == b' ',
b"punct" => ch.is_ascii_punctuation(),
b"space" => ch.is_ascii_whitespace(),
b"upper" => {
ch.is_ascii_uppercase() || ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) != 0 && ch.is_ascii_lowercase())
}
b"xdigit" => ch.is_ascii_hexdigit(),
_ => return None,
})
}
/// Match the pattern against the text string.
///
/// Returns `true` if the pattern matches the text.
///
/// # Flags
/// - `WM_CASEFOLD` (1): Case-insensitive matching
/// - `WM_PATHNAME` (2): `*` and `?` don't match `/`; `**` is required
pub fn wildmatch(pattern: &[u8], text: &[u8], flags: u32) -> bool {
dowild(pattern, text, flags) == WM_MATCH
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn basic_match() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"foo", b"foo", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"foo", b"bar", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"e", b"e\"", WM_PATHNAME));
assert!(wildmatch(b"e\"", b"e\"", WM_PATHNAME));
}
#[test]
fn question_mark() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"???", b"foo", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"??", b"foo", 0));
}
#[test]
fn star() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"*", b"foo", 0));
assert!(wildmatch(b"f*", b"foo", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"*f", b"foo", 0));
}
#[test]
fn bracket() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"*[al]?", b"ball", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"[ten]", b"ten", 0));
assert!(wildmatch(b"[o][o]", b"oo", 0));
assert!(!wildmatch(b"[o][o]", b"[o][o]", 0));
}
#[test]
fn double_star_pathname() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"foo/**/bar", b"foo/baz/bar", WM_PATHNAME));
assert!(wildmatch(b"**/foo", b"foo", WM_PATHNAME));
assert!(wildmatch(b"**/foo", b"XXX/foo", WM_PATHNAME));
}
#[test]
fn casefold() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"[A-Z]", b"a", WM_CASEFOLD));
assert!(wildmatch(b"[a-z]", b"A", WM_CASEFOLD));
}
#[test]
fn character_classes() {
assert!(wildmatch(b"[[:alpha:]][[:digit:]][[:upper:]]", b"a1B", 0));
}
#[test]
fn malformed_class() {
// [:spaci:] is not a valid class → should abort (no match)
assert!(!wildmatch(b"[[:digit:][:upper:][:spaci:]]", b"1", 0));
}
#[test]
fn starstar_deep_match() {
assert!(wildmatch(
b"**/*a*b*g*n*t",
b"abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txt",
WM_PATHNAME,
));
}
}