gravitics 0.1.0

Gravitics: the physics of gravity control and exotic propulsion, computed both ways. Each proposal's own model (Li–Baker gravitational-wave detectors, Pais, Tajmar and Podkletnov superconductors, EmDrive, Mach-effect and ion-wind thrusters, warp drives, the polarizable vacuum) next to general relativity and the measurements.
Documentation

gravitics

Gravitics is what the 1950s called the search for gravity control. This crate computes that whole parallel track of physics both ways:

  • The proposal's own model, from its authors' formulas and inputs, reproducing their published numbers: superconductor gravity, high-frequency gravitational-wave generators and detectors, propellantless thrusters, warp drives and the polarizable vacuum.
  • The standard prediction, from general relativity or standard physics, for the same setup.
  • What experiments measured.

Use it to explore a proposal, to design an experiment that could test one, or to see how large an effect must be before an instrument can see it.

Each proposal's own numbers against general relativity and experiment

Install

cargo add gravitics

Example: one proposal, both tracks

use gravitics::superconductors::{TAJMAR_REPORTED, ring_frame_dragging};

// Tajmar & de Matos's spinning niobium ring (0.349 kg, radii 75 and 69 mm).
// Their measurement: the frame turned with 2.6×10⁻⁵ of the ring's rotation.
// General relativity, for the same ring: 7.2×10⁻²⁷.
let gr = ring_frame_dragging(0.349, 0.075, 0.069);
println!("reported {TAJMAR_REPORTED:.1e}, general relativity {gr:.1e}"); // 2.6e-5, 7.2e-27
assert!(TAJMAR_REPORTED / gr > 1e21);
use gravitics::propulsion::{photon_thrust, shawyer_thrust};

// An EmDrive cavity at Dresden's settings: Shawyer's model against a photon rocket.
let model = shawyer_thrust(11.0, 741.0, 0.56); // 30 µN
let light = photon_thrust(11.0);               // 0.037 µN
assert!(model / light > 800.0); // Dresden measured less than 0.03 µN

The proposals

Proposal Its own model or report General relativity or standard physics What experiments found
Tajmar: frame dragging near a spinning superconductor k = 2.6×10⁻⁵ 7.2×10⁻²⁷ Tajmar's own later limit is 800× below the first signal; traced to vibration
Podkletnov: weight change above a spinning superconductor up to −2.1% a weight increase of at most 3×10⁻⁹ no change above 2×10⁻⁸ (NASA Marshall)
Li–Baker: a GHz gravitational-wave detector a signal in 3×10³ s one signal photon in 3×10¹⁸ s, against the reference beam's shot noise (JASON's argument) none built
Pais: 10²⁴ W/m² from a charged disc σ = 5×10⁴ C/m² a surface field 5.6×10⁶ times the breakdown limit his patent states Navy test (2016–19): effect not shown
EmDrive 1.2 mN/kW (Eagleworks) a photon rocket gives 3.3 µN/kW nothing above 10–30 nN (Dresden)
Mach-effect thruster "a couple of µN" the authors' own formula in SI: about 0.1 µN vibration artefacts (Dresden)
Lifters ("electrogravitics") lift ion wind, F = I·d/μ no force in vacuum
Warp drive (Alcubierre) travel faster than light negative energy of a galaxy or more, in walls quantum field theory allows —
Polarizable vacuum (Puthoff) gravity as a vacuum index agrees with general relativity at first order, differs at second 0.73 µas apart for light grazing the Sun

What is inside

Module What it computes
hfgw High-frequency gravitational waves: the Li–Baker detector (flux conventions, graviton rate, the interference signal, the shot-noise time) and the Pais patents (radiated flux, surface field, magnetic conversion as he uses it and in SI)
superconductors The London moment; frame dragging of a ring in general relativity against Tajmar's report; the Cooper-pair density and gravitational London depth; a perfect shield's shadow; Podkletnov's pendulum and Marx bank; the measured bounds
propulsion Ion wind and ion mobility, the vacuum (ballistic) limit, the photon rocket, Shawyer's EmDrive formula, buoyancy on a balance, Woodward's Mach-effect thrust
spacetime Alcubierre warp-bubble energy (Pfenning & Ford 1997), the quantum inequality, Casimir plates and spheres, wormhole tensions, and light bending in Puthoff's polarizable vacuum against general relativity

The energy a warp bubble needs

A warp bubble's negative energy grows as its wall thins. Quantum field theory allows walls only about 100 Planck lengths thick, where a 100 m bubble needs billions of times the ordinary matter in the observable universe.

Thrust per watt

Thrust per watt: the propellantless proposals, a photon rocket, ion wind, and the best measurement.

The research behind every number, with its sources and the status of each proposal, is in the research report.

How it is checked

Every test reproduces a published number from the paper's own inputs, mostly to better than 1%:

  • the Li–Baker graviton flux and Table I signal;
  • the Pais disc and conversion numbers;
  • Tajmar's predicted field for niobium;
  • Podkletnov's pendulum tables;
  • Woodward's printed 1.87×10²¹ prefactor;
  • Shawyer's thrust at the Dresden and Eagleworks settings;
  • the Army lifter thrust;
  • Pfenning & Ford's warp energy;
  • the quantum inequality;
  • the Casimir pressure at 1 µm;
  • the Sun's 1.7512″ light bending.

The formulas were independently re-derived from their sources and every test value recomputed; the Casimir formulas are also checked against each other.

Formerly published as gravity-claims. Part of quantum-gravimeter.