fory-core 0.17.0

Apache Fory: Blazingly fast multi-language serialization framework with trait objects and reference support.
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

use crate::ensure;
use crate::error::Error;
use crate::resolver::context::{ReadContext, WriteContext};
use crate::resolver::type_resolver::{TypeInfo, TypeResolver};
use crate::serializer::util::read_basic_type_info;
use crate::serializer::{ForyDefault, Serializer};
use crate::types::{need_to_write_type_for_field, RefMode, TypeId, SIZE_OF_REF_AND_TYPE};
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap};
use std::rc::Rc;

const MAX_CHUNK_SIZE: u8 = 255;

const TRACKING_KEY_REF: u8 = 0b1;
pub const KEY_NULL: u8 = 0b10;
pub const DECL_KEY_TYPE: u8 = 0b100;
const TRACKING_VALUE_REF: u8 = 0b1000;
pub const VALUE_NULL: u8 = 0b10000;
pub const DECL_VALUE_TYPE: u8 = 0b100000;

fn check_map_len(context: &ReadContext, len: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
    let len = len as usize;
    let remaining = context.reader.slice_after_cursor().len();
    if len > remaining {
        let cursor = context.reader.get_cursor();
        return Err(Error::buffer_out_of_bound(cursor, len, cursor + remaining));
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn write_chunk_size(context: &mut WriteContext, header_offset: usize, size: u8) {
    context.writer.set_bytes(header_offset + 1, &[size]);
}

pub fn write_map_data<'a, K, V, I>(
    iter: I,
    length: usize,
    context: &mut WriteContext,
    has_generics: bool,
) -> Result<(), Error>
where
    K: Serializer,
    V: Serializer,
    I: Iterator<Item = (&'a K, &'a V)>,
{
    context.writer.write_var_uint32(length as u32);
    if length == 0 {
        return Ok(());
    }
    let reserved_space = (K::fory_reserved_space() + SIZE_OF_REF_AND_TYPE) * length
        + (V::fory_reserved_space() + SIZE_OF_REF_AND_TYPE) * length;
    context.writer.reserve(reserved_space);

    if K::fory_is_polymorphic()
        || K::fory_is_shared_ref()
        || V::fory_is_polymorphic()
        || V::fory_is_shared_ref()
    {
        return write_map_data_dyn_ref(iter, context, has_generics);
    }
    let mut header_offset = 0;
    let mut pair_counter: u8 = 0;
    let mut need_write_header = true;
    let key_static_type_id = K::fory_static_type_id();
    let val_static_type_id = V::fory_static_type_id();
    let is_key_declared = has_generics && !need_to_write_type_for_field(key_static_type_id);
    let is_val_declared = has_generics && !need_to_write_type_for_field(val_static_type_id);
    for (key, value) in iter {
        let key_is_none = key.fory_is_none();
        let value_is_none = value.fory_is_none();

        if key_is_none || value_is_none {
            if !need_write_header && pair_counter > 0 {
                write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
                pair_counter = 0;
                need_write_header = true;
            }

            if key_is_none && value_is_none {
                context.writer.write_u8(KEY_NULL | VALUE_NULL);
                continue;
            }

            if value_is_none {
                let mut chunk_header = VALUE_NULL;
                if is_key_declared {
                    chunk_header |= DECL_KEY_TYPE;
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                } else {
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                    K::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
                }
                key.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
                continue;
            }

            // key is None, value is not
            let mut chunk_header = KEY_NULL;
            if is_val_declared {
                chunk_header |= DECL_VALUE_TYPE;
                context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
            } else {
                context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                V::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
            }
            value.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
            continue;
        }

        if need_write_header {
            header_offset = context.writer.len();
            context.writer.write_i16(-1);
            let mut chunk_header = 0u8;
            if is_key_declared {
                chunk_header |= DECL_KEY_TYPE;
            } else {
                K::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
            }
            if is_val_declared {
                chunk_header |= DECL_VALUE_TYPE;
            } else {
                V::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
            }
            context.writer.set_bytes(header_offset, &[chunk_header]);
            need_write_header = false;
        }

        key.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
        value.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
        pair_counter += 1;
        if pair_counter == MAX_CHUNK_SIZE {
            write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
            pair_counter = 0;
            need_write_header = true;
        }
    }
    if pair_counter > 0 {
        write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
    }
    Ok(())
}

/// slow but versatile map serialization for dynamic trait object and shared/circular reference.
fn write_map_data_dyn_ref<'a, K, V, I>(
    iter: I,
    context: &mut WriteContext,
    has_generics: bool,
) -> Result<(), Error>
where
    K: Serializer,
    V: Serializer,
    I: Iterator<Item = (&'a K, &'a V)>,
{
    let mut header_offset = 0;
    let mut pair_counter: u8 = 0;
    let mut need_write_header = true;
    let key_static_type_id = K::fory_static_type_id();
    let val_static_type_id = V::fory_static_type_id();
    let is_key_declared = has_generics && !need_to_write_type_for_field(key_static_type_id);
    let is_val_declared = has_generics && !need_to_write_type_for_field(val_static_type_id);
    let key_is_polymorphic = K::fory_is_polymorphic();
    let val_is_polymorphic = V::fory_is_polymorphic();
    let key_is_shared_ref = K::fory_is_shared_ref();
    let val_is_shared_ref = V::fory_is_shared_ref();

    // Track the current chunk's key and value types (for polymorphic types)
    let mut current_key_type_id: Option<std::any::TypeId> = None;
    let mut current_val_type_id: Option<std::any::TypeId> = None;

    for (key, value) in iter {
        // Handle null key/value entries (write as separate single-entry chunks)
        if key.fory_is_none() || value.fory_is_none() {
            // Finish current chunk if any
            if pair_counter > 0 {
                write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
                pair_counter = 0;
                need_write_header = true;
            }

            if key.fory_is_none() && value.fory_is_none() {
                context.writer.write_u8(KEY_NULL | VALUE_NULL);
                continue;
            } else if value.fory_is_none() {
                let mut chunk_header = VALUE_NULL;
                if key_is_shared_ref {
                    chunk_header |= TRACKING_KEY_REF;
                }
                if is_key_declared && !key_is_polymorphic {
                    chunk_header |= DECL_KEY_TYPE;
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                } else {
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                    if key_is_polymorphic {
                        context.write_any_type_info(
                            K::fory_static_type_id() as u32,
                            key.fory_concrete_type_id(),
                        )?;
                    } else {
                        K::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
                    }
                }
                if key_is_shared_ref {
                    key.fory_write(context, RefMode::Tracking, false, has_generics)?;
                } else {
                    key.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
                }
                continue;
            } else {
                // key.fory_is_none()
                let mut chunk_header = KEY_NULL;
                if val_is_shared_ref {
                    chunk_header |= TRACKING_VALUE_REF;
                }
                if is_val_declared && !val_is_polymorphic {
                    chunk_header |= DECL_VALUE_TYPE;
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                } else {
                    context.writer.write_u8(chunk_header);
                    if val_is_polymorphic {
                        context.write_any_type_info(
                            V::fory_static_type_id() as u32,
                            value.fory_concrete_type_id(),
                        )?;
                    } else {
                        V::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
                    }
                }
                if val_is_shared_ref {
                    value.fory_write(context, RefMode::Tracking, false, has_generics)?;
                } else {
                    value.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
                }
                continue;
            }
        }

        // Get type IDs for polymorphic types
        let key_type_id = if key_is_polymorphic {
            Some(key.fory_concrete_type_id())
        } else {
            None
        };
        let val_type_id = if val_is_polymorphic {
            Some(value.fory_concrete_type_id())
        } else {
            None
        };

        // Check if we need to start a new chunk due to type changes
        let types_changed = if key_is_polymorphic || val_is_polymorphic {
            key_type_id != current_key_type_id || val_type_id != current_val_type_id
        } else {
            false
        };

        if need_write_header || types_changed {
            // Finish previous chunk if types changed
            if types_changed && pair_counter > 0 {
                write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
                pair_counter = 0;
            }

            // Write new chunk header
            header_offset = context.writer.len();
            context.writer.write_i16(-1); // Placeholder for header and size

            let mut chunk_header = 0u8;

            // Set key flags
            if key_is_shared_ref {
                chunk_header |= TRACKING_KEY_REF;
            }
            if is_key_declared && !key_is_polymorphic {
                chunk_header |= DECL_KEY_TYPE;
            } else {
                // Write type info for key
                if key_is_polymorphic {
                    context.write_any_type_info(
                        K::fory_static_type_id() as u32,
                        key.fory_concrete_type_id(),
                    )?;
                } else {
                    K::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
                }
            }

            // Set value flags
            if val_is_shared_ref {
                chunk_header |= TRACKING_VALUE_REF;
            }
            if is_val_declared && !val_is_polymorphic {
                chunk_header |= DECL_VALUE_TYPE;
            } else {
                // Write type info for value
                if val_is_polymorphic {
                    context.write_any_type_info(
                        V::fory_static_type_id() as u32,
                        value.fory_concrete_type_id(),
                    )?;
                } else {
                    V::fory_write_type_info(context)?;
                }
            }

            context.writer.set_bytes(header_offset, &[chunk_header]);
            need_write_header = false;
            current_key_type_id = key_type_id;
            current_val_type_id = val_type_id;
        }

        // Write key-value pair
        if key_is_shared_ref {
            key.fory_write(context, RefMode::Tracking, false, has_generics)?;
        } else {
            key.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
        }
        if val_is_shared_ref {
            value.fory_write(context, RefMode::Tracking, false, has_generics)?;
        } else {
            value.fory_write_data_generic(context, has_generics)?;
        }
        pair_counter += 1;
        if pair_counter == MAX_CHUNK_SIZE {
            write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
            pair_counter = 0;
            need_write_header = true;
            current_key_type_id = None;
            current_val_type_id = None;
        }
    }

    // Write final chunk size if any
    if pair_counter > 0 {
        write_chunk_size(context, header_offset, pair_counter);
    }

    Ok(())
}

/// Macro to generate read_*_data_dyn_ref functions for HashMap and BTreeMap.
/// This avoids code duplication while maintaining zero runtime cost.
macro_rules! impl_read_map_dyn_ref {
    ($fn_name:ident, $map_type:ty, $($extra_trait_bounds:tt)*) => {
        fn $fn_name<K, V>(
            context: &mut ReadContext,
            mut map: $map_type,
            length: u32,
        ) -> Result<$map_type, Error>
        where
            K: Serializer + ForyDefault + $($extra_trait_bounds)*,
            V: Serializer + ForyDefault,
        {
            let key_is_polymorphic = K::fory_is_polymorphic();
            let val_is_polymorphic = V::fory_is_polymorphic();
            let mut len_counter = 0u32;

            while len_counter < length {
                let header = context.reader.read_u8()?;

                // Handle null key/value entries
                if header & KEY_NULL != 0 && header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                    // Both key and value are null
                    map.insert(K::fory_default(), V::fory_default());
                    len_counter += 1;
                    continue;
                }

                if header & KEY_NULL != 0 {
                    // Null key, non-null value
                    let value_declared = (header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE) != 0;
                    let track_value_ref = (header & TRACKING_VALUE_REF) != 0;

                    // Determine value type info (if any)
                    let value_type_info: Option<Rc<TypeInfo>> = if !value_declared {
                        if val_is_polymorphic {
                            Some(context.read_any_type_info()?)
                        } else {
                            V::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
                            None
                        }
                    } else {
                        None
                    };

                    // Read value payload
                    let ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                        RefMode::Tracking
                    } else {
                        RefMode::None
                    };
                    let value = if let Some(type_info) = value_type_info {
                        V::fory_read_with_type_info(context, ref_mode, type_info)?
                    } else if track_value_ref {
                        V::fory_read(context, ref_mode, false)?
                    } else {
                        V::fory_read_data(context)?
                    };

                    map.insert(K::fory_default(), value);
                    len_counter += 1;
                    continue;
                }

                if header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                    // Non-null key, null value
                    let key_declared = (header & DECL_KEY_TYPE) != 0;
                    let track_key_ref = (header & TRACKING_KEY_REF) != 0;

                    let key_type_info: Option<Rc<TypeInfo>> = if !key_declared {
                        if key_is_polymorphic {
                            Some(context.read_any_type_info()?)
                        } else {
                            K::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
                            None
                        }
                    } else {
                        None
                    };

                    let ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                        RefMode::Tracking
                    } else {
                        RefMode::None
                    };
                    let key = if let Some(type_info) = key_type_info {
                        K::fory_read_with_type_info(context, ref_mode, type_info)?
                    } else if track_key_ref {
                        K::fory_read(context, ref_mode, false)?
                    } else {
                        K::fory_read_data(context)?
                    };

                    map.insert(key, V::fory_default());
                    len_counter += 1;
                    continue;
                }

                // Non-null key and value chunk
                let chunk_size = context.reader.read_u8()?;
                let key_declared = (header & DECL_KEY_TYPE) != 0;
                let value_declared = (header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE) != 0;
                let track_key_ref = (header & TRACKING_KEY_REF) != 0;
                let track_value_ref = (header & TRACKING_VALUE_REF) != 0;

                let key_type_info: Option<Rc<TypeInfo>> = if !key_declared {
                    if key_is_polymorphic {
                        Some(context.read_any_type_info()?)
                    } else {
                        K::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
                        None
                    }
                } else {
                    None
                };
                let value_type_info: Option<Rc<TypeInfo>> = if !value_declared {
                    if val_is_polymorphic {
                        Some(context.read_any_type_info()?)
                    } else {
                        V::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
                        None
                    }
                } else {
                    None
                };

                let cur_len = len_counter + chunk_size as u32;
                ensure!(
                    cur_len <= length,
                    Error::invalid_data(
                        format!("current length {} exceeds total length {}", cur_len, length)
                    )
                );

                // Read chunk_size pairs of key-value
                let key_ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let val_ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                for _ in 0..chunk_size {
                    let key = if let Some(type_info) = key_type_info.as_ref() {
                        K::fory_read_with_type_info(context, key_ref_mode, type_info.clone())?
                    } else if track_key_ref {
                        K::fory_read(context, key_ref_mode, false)?
                    } else {
                        K::fory_read_data(context)?
                    };

                    let value = if let Some(type_info) = value_type_info.as_ref() {
                        V::fory_read_with_type_info(context, val_ref_mode, type_info.clone())?
                    } else if track_value_ref {
                        V::fory_read(context, val_ref_mode, false)?
                    } else {
                        V::fory_read_data(context)?
                    };

                    map.insert(key, value);
                }

                len_counter += chunk_size as u32;
            }

            Ok(map)
        }
    };
}

// Generate read_hashmap_data_dyn_ref for HashMap
impl_read_map_dyn_ref!(
    read_hashmap_data_dyn_ref,
    HashMap<K, V>,
    Eq + std::hash::Hash
);

// Generate read_btreemap_data_dyn_ref for BTreeMap
impl_read_map_dyn_ref!(
    read_btreemap_data_dyn_ref,
    BTreeMap<K, V>,
    Ord
);

impl<K: Serializer + ForyDefault + Eq + std::hash::Hash, V: Serializer + ForyDefault> Serializer
    for HashMap<K, V>
{
    fn fory_write_data(&self, context: &mut WriteContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        write_map_data(self.iter(), self.len(), context, false)
    }

    fn fory_write_data_generic(
        &self,
        context: &mut WriteContext,
        has_generics: bool,
    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
        write_map_data(self.iter(), self.len(), context, has_generics)
    }

    fn fory_read_data(context: &mut ReadContext) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        let len = context.reader.read_varuint32()?;
        if len == 0 {
            return Ok(HashMap::new());
        }
        check_map_len(context, len)?;
        if K::fory_is_polymorphic()
            || K::fory_is_shared_ref()
            || V::fory_is_polymorphic()
            || V::fory_is_shared_ref()
        {
            let map: HashMap<K, V> = HashMap::with_capacity(len as usize);
            return read_hashmap_data_dyn_ref(context, map, len);
        }
        let mut map = HashMap::<K, V>::with_capacity(len as usize);
        let mut len_counter = 0;
        loop {
            if len_counter == len {
                break;
            }
            let header = context.reader.read_u8()?;
            if header & KEY_NULL != 0 && header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                map.insert(K::fory_default(), V::fory_default());
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            let key_declared = (header & DECL_KEY_TYPE) != 0;
            let value_declared = (header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE) != 0;
            let track_key_ref = (header & TRACKING_KEY_REF) != 0;
            let track_value_ref = (header & TRACKING_VALUE_REF) != 0;
            if header & KEY_NULL != 0 {
                // Null case is handled by KEY_NULL flag, so use None (no ref flag) unless tracking
                let ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let value = V::fory_read(context, ref_mode, !value_declared)?;
                map.insert(K::fory_default(), value);
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            if header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                // Null case is handled by VALUE_NULL flag, so use None (no ref flag) unless tracking
                let ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let key = K::fory_read(context, ref_mode, !key_declared)?;
                map.insert(key, V::fory_default());
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            let chunk_size = context.reader.read_u8()?;
            if header & DECL_KEY_TYPE == 0 {
                K::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
            }
            if header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE == 0 {
                V::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
            }
            let cur_len = len_counter + chunk_size as u32;
            ensure!(
                cur_len <= len,
                Error::invalid_data(format!(
                    "current length {} exceeds total length {}",
                    cur_len, len
                ))
            );
            if !track_key_ref && !track_value_ref {
                for _ in 0..chunk_size {
                    let key = K::fory_read_data(context)?;
                    let value = V::fory_read_data(context)?;
                    map.insert(key, value);
                }
            } else {
                let key_ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let val_ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                for _ in 0..chunk_size {
                    let key = K::fory_read(context, key_ref_mode, false)?;
                    let value = V::fory_read(context, val_ref_mode, false)?;
                    map.insert(key, value);
                }
            }
            // advance the counter after processing the chunk
            len_counter += chunk_size as u32;
        }
        Ok(map)
    }

    fn fory_reserved_space() -> usize {
        size_of::<i32>()
    }

    fn fory_get_type_id(_: &TypeResolver) -> Result<TypeId, Error> {
        Ok(TypeId::MAP)
    }

    fn fory_type_id_dyn(&self, _: &TypeResolver) -> Result<TypeId, Error> {
        Ok(TypeId::MAP)
    }

    fn fory_static_type_id() -> TypeId
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        TypeId::MAP
    }

    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
        self
    }

    fn fory_write_type_info(context: &mut WriteContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        context.writer.write_u8(TypeId::MAP as u8);
        Ok(())
    }

    fn fory_read_type_info(context: &mut ReadContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        read_basic_type_info::<Self>(context)
    }
}

impl<K, V> ForyDefault for HashMap<K, V> {
    fn fory_default() -> Self {
        HashMap::new()
    }
}

impl<K: Serializer + ForyDefault + Ord + std::hash::Hash, V: Serializer + ForyDefault> Serializer
    for BTreeMap<K, V>
{
    fn fory_write_data(&self, context: &mut WriteContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        write_map_data(self.iter(), self.len(), context, false)
    }

    fn fory_write_data_generic(
        &self,
        context: &mut WriteContext,
        has_generics: bool,
    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
        write_map_data(self.iter(), self.len(), context, has_generics)
    }

    fn fory_read_data(context: &mut ReadContext) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        let len = context.reader.read_varuint32()?;
        if len == 0 {
            return Ok(BTreeMap::new());
        }
        check_map_len(context, len)?;
        let mut map = BTreeMap::<K, V>::new();
        if K::fory_is_polymorphic()
            || K::fory_is_shared_ref()
            || V::fory_is_polymorphic()
            || V::fory_is_shared_ref()
        {
            let map: BTreeMap<K, V> = BTreeMap::new();
            return read_btreemap_data_dyn_ref(context, map, len);
        }
        let mut len_counter = 0;
        loop {
            if len_counter == len {
                break;
            }
            let header = context.reader.read_u8()?;
            if header & KEY_NULL != 0 && header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                map.insert(K::fory_default(), V::fory_default());
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            let key_declared = (header & DECL_KEY_TYPE) != 0;
            let value_declared = (header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE) != 0;
            let track_key_ref = (header & TRACKING_KEY_REF) != 0;
            let track_value_ref = (header & TRACKING_VALUE_REF) != 0;
            if header & KEY_NULL != 0 {
                // Null case is handled by KEY_NULL flag, so use None (no ref flag) unless tracking
                let ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let value = V::fory_read(context, ref_mode, !value_declared)?;
                map.insert(K::fory_default(), value);
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            if header & VALUE_NULL != 0 {
                // Null case is handled by VALUE_NULL flag, so use None (no ref flag) unless tracking
                let ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let key = K::fory_read(context, ref_mode, !key_declared)?;
                map.insert(key, V::fory_default());
                len_counter += 1;
                continue;
            }
            let chunk_size = context.reader.read_u8()?;
            if header & DECL_KEY_TYPE == 0 {
                K::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
            }
            if header & DECL_VALUE_TYPE == 0 {
                V::fory_read_type_info(context)?;
            }
            let cur_len = len_counter + chunk_size as u32;
            ensure!(
                cur_len <= len,
                Error::invalid_data(format!(
                    "current length {} exceeds total length {}",
                    cur_len, len
                ))
            );
            if !track_key_ref && !track_value_ref {
                for _ in 0..chunk_size {
                    let key = K::fory_read_data(context)?;
                    let value = V::fory_read_data(context)?;
                    map.insert(key, value);
                }
            } else {
                let key_ref_mode = if track_key_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                let val_ref_mode = if track_value_ref {
                    RefMode::Tracking
                } else {
                    RefMode::None
                };
                for _ in 0..chunk_size {
                    let key = K::fory_read(context, key_ref_mode, false)?;
                    let value = V::fory_read(context, val_ref_mode, false)?;
                    map.insert(key, value);
                }
            }
            len_counter += chunk_size as u32;
        }
        Ok(map)
    }

    fn fory_reserved_space() -> usize {
        size_of::<i32>()
    }

    fn fory_get_type_id(_: &TypeResolver) -> Result<TypeId, Error> {
        Ok(TypeId::MAP)
    }

    fn fory_type_id_dyn(&self, _: &TypeResolver) -> Result<TypeId, Error> {
        Ok(TypeId::MAP)
    }

    fn fory_static_type_id() -> TypeId
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        TypeId::MAP
    }

    fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
        self
    }

    fn fory_write_type_info(context: &mut WriteContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        context.writer.write_u8(TypeId::MAP as u8);
        Ok(())
    }

    fn fory_read_type_info(context: &mut ReadContext) -> Result<(), Error> {
        read_basic_type_info::<Self>(context)
    }
}

impl<K, V> ForyDefault for BTreeMap<K, V> {
    fn fory_default() -> Self {
        BTreeMap::new()
    }
}