ferro-rs 0.2.0

//! Route model binding support
//!
//! Provides automatic model resolution from route parameters.
//!
//! # Automatic Route Model Binding
//!
//! Route model binding is automatic for all SeaORM models whose Entity implements
//! `ferro_rs::database::Model`. Simply use the Model type as a handler parameter:
//!
//! ```rust,ignore
//! use ferro_rs::{handler, json_response, Response};
//! use ferro_rs::models::user;
//!
//! // Just use the Model in your handler - binding is automatic!
//! #[handler]
//! pub async fn show(user: user::Model) -> Response {
//!     json_response!({ "name": user.name })
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! The parameter name (`user`) is used as the route parameter key. So for a route
//! defined as `/users/{user}`, the `user` parameter will be automatically resolved.
//!
//! If the model is not found, a 404 Not Found response is returned.
//! If the parameter cannot be parsed, a 400 Bad Request response is returned.

use crate::error::FrameworkError;
use async_trait::async_trait;
use sea_orm::{EntityTrait, ModelTrait as SeaModelTrait, PrimaryKeyTrait};

/// Trait for models that can be automatically resolved from route parameters
///
/// Implement this trait on your SeaORM Model types to enable automatic
/// route model binding in handlers. When a route parameter matches the
/// `param_name()`, the model will be automatically fetched from the database.
///
/// If the model is not found, a 404 Not Found response is returned.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// use ferro_rs::database::RouteBinding;
/// use ferro_rs::FrameworkError;
///
/// #[async_trait]
/// impl RouteBinding for user::Model {
///     fn param_name() -> &'static str {
///         "user"  // matches {user} in route like /users/{user}
///     }
///
///     async fn from_route_param(value: &str) -> Result<Self, FrameworkError> {
///         let id: i32 = value.parse()
///             .map_err(|_| FrameworkError::param_parse(value, "i32"))?;
///
///         user::Entity::find_by_pk(id)
///             .await?
///             .ok_or_else(|| FrameworkError::model_not_found("User"))
///     }
/// }
/// ```
#[async_trait]
pub trait RouteBinding: Sized + Send {
    /// The route parameter name to bind from
    ///
    /// This should match the parameter placeholder in your route definition.
    /// For example, if your route is `/users/{user}`, this should return `"user"`.
    fn param_name() -> &'static str;

    /// Fetch the model from the database using the route parameter value
    ///
    /// This method is called automatically by the `#[handler]` macro when
    /// a parameter of this type is declared in the handler function.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Ok(Self)` - The model was found
    /// - `Err(FrameworkError::ModelNotFound)` - Model not found (returns 404)
    /// - `Err(FrameworkError::ParamParse)` - Parameter could not be parsed (returns 400)
    async fn from_route_param(value: &str) -> Result<Self, FrameworkError>;
}

/// Trait for automatic route model binding
///
/// This trait is automatically implemented for all SeaORM models whose Entity
/// implements `ferro_rs::database::Model`. You don't need to implement this manually.
///
/// Unlike [`RouteBinding`], this trait doesn't require a `param_name()` method.
/// The parameter name is derived from the handler function signature.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// // Just use Model in handler - binding is automatic!
/// #[handler]
/// pub async fn show(user: user::Model) -> Response {
///     json_response!({ "name": user.name })
/// }
/// ```
#[async_trait]
pub trait AutoRouteBinding: Sized + Send {
    /// Fetch the model from the database using the route parameter value
    ///
    /// This method parses the parameter as the primary key type and fetches
    /// the corresponding model from the database.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Ok(Self)` - The model was found
    /// - `Err(FrameworkError::ModelNotFound)` - Model not found (returns 404)
    /// - `Err(FrameworkError::ParamParse)` - Parameter could not be parsed (returns 400)
    async fn from_route_param(value: &str) -> Result<Self, FrameworkError>;
}

/// Blanket implementation of AutoRouteBinding for all SeaORM models
///
/// This automatically implements route model binding for any SeaORM Model type
/// whose Entity implements `ferro_rs::database::Model`. Supports any primary key type
/// that implements `FromStr` (i32, i64, String, UUID, etc.).
#[async_trait]
impl<M, E> AutoRouteBinding for M
where
    M: SeaModelTrait<Entity = E> + Send + Sync,
    E: EntityTrait<Model = M> + crate::database::Model + Sync,
    E::PrimaryKey: PrimaryKeyTrait,
    <E::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType: std::str::FromStr + Send,
{
    async fn from_route_param(value: &str) -> Result<Self, FrameworkError> {
        let id: <E::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType = value.parse().map_err(|_| {
            FrameworkError::param_parse(
                value,
                std::any::type_name::<<E::PrimaryKey as PrimaryKeyTrait>::ValueType>(),
            )
        })?;

        <E as crate::database::Model>::find_by_pk(id)
            .await?
            .ok_or_else(|| {
                // Extract a cleaner model name from the full type name
                let full_name = std::any::type_name::<M>();
                let model_name = full_name.rsplit("::").nth(1).unwrap_or(full_name);
                FrameworkError::model_not_found(model_name)
            })
    }
}

/// Convenience macro to implement RouteBinding for a SeaORM model
///
/// **DEPRECATED**: This macro is no longer needed. Route model binding is now
/// automatic for any model whose Entity implements `ferro_rs::database::Model`.
/// Simply use the Model type in your handler parameter.
///
/// This macro implements the `RouteBinding` trait for a model, enabling
/// automatic route model binding with 404 handling.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// - `$entity` - The SeaORM Entity type (e.g., `user::Entity`)
/// - `$model` - The SeaORM Model type (e.g., `user::Model`)
/// - `$param` - The route parameter name (e.g., `"user"`)
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// use ferro_rs::route_binding;
///
/// // In your model file (e.g., models/user.rs)
/// route_binding!(Entity, Model, "user");
///
/// // Now you can use automatic binding in handlers:
/// #[handler]
/// pub async fn show(user: user::Model) -> Response {
///     json_response!({ "id": user.id, "name": user.name })
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Route Definition
///
/// The parameter name must match your route definition:
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// routes! {
///     get!("/users/{user}", controllers::user::show),
/// }
/// ```
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! route_binding {
    ($entity:ty, $model:ty, $param:literal) => {
        #[async_trait::async_trait]
        impl $crate::RouteBinding for $model {
            fn param_name() -> &'static str {
                $param
            }

            async fn from_route_param(value: &str) -> Result<Self, $crate::FrameworkError> {
                let id: i32 = value
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|_| $crate::FrameworkError::param_parse(value, "i32"))?;

                <$entity as $crate::Model>::find_by_pk(id)
                    .await?
                    .ok_or_else(|| $crate::FrameworkError::model_not_found(stringify!($model)))
            }
        }
    };
}