fastcgi-client 0.11.0

// Copyright 2022 jmjoy
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

//! FastCGI response types and streaming support.
//!
//! This module provides structures for handling FastCGI responses,
//! including both complete responses and streaming responses.

use std::{
    fmt::{self, Debug},
    pin::Pin,
    str,
    task::{Context, Poll},
};

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
use std::str::FromStr;

use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
use futures_core::stream::Stream;
use tracing::debug;

use crate::{
    ClientError, ClientResult,
    io::AsyncRead,
    meta::{EndRequestRec, HEADER_LEN, Header, RequestType},
};

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
use crate::{HttpConversionError, HttpConversionResult};

/// Output of FastCGI request, contains STDOUT and STDERR data.
///
/// This structure represents a complete FastCGI response with
/// both stdout and stderr output from the FastCGI server.
#[derive(Default, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub struct Response {
    /// The stdout output from the FastCGI server
    pub stdout: Option<Vec<u8>>,
    /// The stderr output from the FastCGI server
    pub stderr: Option<Vec<u8>>,
}

impl Debug for Response {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
        f.debug_struct("Response")
            .field("stdout", &self.stdout.as_deref().map(str::from_utf8))
            .field("stderr", &self.stderr.as_deref().map(str::from_utf8))
            .finish()
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
impl<B> TryFrom<::http::Response<B>> for Response
where
    B: AsRef<[u8]>,
{
    type Error = HttpConversionError;

    fn try_from(response: ::http::Response<B>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let (parts, body) = response.into_parts();
        let mut stdout = Vec::new();

        if parts.status != ::http::StatusCode::OK {
            stdout.extend_from_slice(format!("Status: {}\r\n", parts.status).as_bytes());
        }

        for (name, value) in &parts.headers {
            stdout.extend_from_slice(name.as_str().as_bytes());
            stdout.extend_from_slice(b": ");
            stdout.extend_from_slice(value.as_bytes());
            stdout.extend_from_slice(b"\r\n");
        }

        stdout.extend_from_slice(b"\r\n");
        stdout.extend_from_slice(body.as_ref());

        Ok(Response {
            stdout: Some(stdout),
            stderr: None,
        })
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
impl TryFrom<Response> for ::http::Response<Vec<u8>> {
    type Error = HttpConversionError;

    fn try_from(response: Response) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let stdout = response.stdout.unwrap_or_default();
        let (header_bytes, body_bytes) = split_header_body(&stdout)?;
        let mut status = ::http::StatusCode::OK;
        let mut builder = ::http::Response::builder();

        {
            let headers = builder
                .headers_mut()
                .expect("response builder should provide headers");
            for line in header_bytes.split(|byte| *byte == b'\n') {
                let line = trim_cr(line);
                if line.is_empty() {
                    continue;
                }
                let Some((name, value)) = line.split_first_colon() else {
                    return Err(HttpConversionError::MalformedHttpResponse {
                        message: "response header line is missing ':'",
                    });
                };

                if name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(b"Status") {
                    status = parse_status_header(value)?;
                    continue;
                }

                headers.append(
                    ::http::header::HeaderName::from_bytes(name)?,
                    ::http::header::HeaderValue::from_bytes(trim_start_ascii(value))?,
                );
            }
        }

        builder = builder.status(status);
        Ok(builder.body(body_bytes.to_vec())?)
    }
}

/// Content type from a FastCGI response stream.
///
/// This enum represents the different types of content that can be
/// received from a FastCGI server during streaming.
pub enum Content {
    /// Standard output content from the FastCGI server
    Stdout(Bytes),
    /// Standard error content from the FastCGI server
    Stderr(Bytes),
}

/// A streaming response from a FastCGI server.
///
/// Generated by
/// [Client::execute_once_stream](crate::client::Client::execute_once_stream) or
/// [Client::execute_stream](crate::client::Client::execute_stream).
///
/// This stream yields `Content` items as they are received from the server.
pub struct ResponseStream<S: AsyncRead + Unpin> {
    stream: S,
    id: u16,
    eof: bool,
    header: Option<Header>,
    buf: BytesMut,
}

impl<S: AsyncRead + Unpin> ResponseStream<S> {
    /// Creates a new response stream.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `stream` - The underlying stream to read from
    /// * `id` - The request ID for this response
    #[inline]
    pub(crate) fn new(stream: S, id: u16) -> Self {
        Self {
            stream,
            id,
            eof: false,
            header: None,
            buf: BytesMut::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Reads a FastCGI header from the buffer.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` if there isn't enough data in the buffer.
    #[inline]
    fn read_header(&mut self) -> Option<Header> {
        if self.buf.len() < HEADER_LEN {
            return None;
        }
        let buf = self.buf.split_to(HEADER_LEN);
        let header = (&buf as &[u8]).try_into().expect("failed to read header");
        Some(Header::new_from_buf(header))
    }

    /// Reads content from the buffer based on the current header.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` if there isn't enough data in the buffer.
    #[inline]
    fn read_content(&mut self) -> Option<Bytes> {
        let header = self.header.as_ref().unwrap();
        let block_length = header.content_length as usize + header.padding_length as usize;
        if self.buf.len() < block_length {
            return None;
        }
        let content = self.buf.split_to(header.content_length as usize);
        let _ = self.buf.split_to(header.padding_length as usize);
        self.header = None;
        Some(content.freeze())
    }

    /// Processes a complete FastCGI message from the buffer.
    ///
    /// Returns `Ok(Some(Content))` if a complete message was processed,
    /// `Ok(None)` if more data is needed, or an error if processing failed.
    fn process_message(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Content>, ClientError> {
        if self.buf.is_empty() {
            return Ok(None);
        }
        if self.header.is_none() {
            match self.read_header() {
                Some(header) => self.header = Some(header),
                None => return Ok(None),
            }
        }
        let header = self.header.as_ref().unwrap();
        match header.r#type.clone() {
            RequestType::Stdout => {
                if let Some(data) = self.read_content() {
                    return Ok(Some(Content::Stdout(data)));
                }
            }
            RequestType::Stderr => {
                if let Some(data) = self.read_content() {
                    return Ok(Some(Content::Stderr(data)));
                }
            }
            RequestType::EndRequest => {
                let header = header.clone();
                let Some(data) = self.read_content() else {
                    return Ok(None);
                };

                let end = EndRequestRec::new_from_buf(header, &data);
                debug!(id = self.id, ?end, "Receive from stream.");

                self.eof = true;
                end.end_request
                    .protocol_status
                    .convert_to_client_result(end.end_request.app_status)?;
                return Ok(None);
            }
            r#type => {
                self.eof = true;
                return Err(ClientError::UnknownRequestType {
                    request_type: r#type,
                });
            }
        }
        Ok(None)
    }

    fn poll_fill_buf(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<ClientResult<Option<()>>> {
        let mut chunk = [0; 8192];
        match Pin::new(&mut self.stream).poll_read(cx, &mut chunk) {
            Poll::Ready(Ok(0)) => Poll::Ready(Ok(None)),
            Poll::Ready(Ok(read)) => {
                self.buf.extend_from_slice(&chunk[..read]);
                Poll::Ready(Ok(Some(())))
            }
            Poll::Ready(Err(err)) => Poll::Ready(Err(err.into())),
            Poll::Pending => Poll::Pending,
        }
    }
}

impl<S> Stream for ResponseStream<S>
where
    S: AsyncRead + Unpin,
{
    type Item = ClientResult<Content>;

    fn poll_next(
        mut self: std::pin::Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>,
    ) -> Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
        let mut pending = false;
        loop {
            match self.poll_fill_buf(cx) {
                Poll::Ready(Ok(Some(()))) => match self.process_message() {
                    Ok(Some(data)) => return Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(data))),
                    Ok(None) if self.eof => return Poll::Ready(None),
                    Ok(None) => continue,
                    Err(err) => return Poll::Ready(Some(Err(err))),
                },
                Poll::Ready(Ok(None)) => break,
                Poll::Ready(Err(err)) => return Poll::Ready(Some(Err(err))),
                Poll::Pending => {
                    pending = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        match self.process_message() {
            Ok(Some(data)) => Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(data))),
            Ok(None) if !self.eof && pending => Poll::Pending,
            Ok(None) => Poll::Ready(None),
            Err(err) => Poll::Ready(Some(Err(err))),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
fn split_header_body(stdout: &[u8]) -> HttpConversionResult<(&[u8], &[u8])> {
    if let Some(offset) = stdout.windows(4).position(|window| window == b"\r\n\r\n") {
        return Ok((&stdout[..offset], &stdout[offset + 4..]));
    }
    if let Some(offset) = stdout.windows(2).position(|window| window == b"\n\n") {
        return Ok((&stdout[..offset], &stdout[offset + 2..]));
    }
    Err(HttpConversionError::MalformedHttpResponse {
        message: "response does not contain a header/body separator",
    })
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
fn parse_status_header(value: &[u8]) -> HttpConversionResult<::http::StatusCode> {
    let value = str::from_utf8(trim_start_ascii(value)).map_err(|_| {
        HttpConversionError::MalformedHttpResponse {
            message: "status header is not valid UTF-8",
        }
    })?;
    let Some(code) = value.split_whitespace().next() else {
        return Err(HttpConversionError::MalformedHttpResponse {
            message: "status header is empty",
        });
    };
    Ok(::http::StatusCode::from_str(code)?)
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
fn trim_cr(line: &[u8]) -> &[u8] {
    line.strip_suffix(b"\r").unwrap_or(line)
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
fn trim_start_ascii(bytes: &[u8]) -> &[u8] {
    let index = bytes
        .iter()
        .position(|byte| !byte.is_ascii_whitespace())
        .unwrap_or(bytes.len());
    &bytes[index..]
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
trait SplitFirstColon {
    fn split_first_colon(&self) -> Option<(&[u8], &[u8])>;
}

#[cfg(feature = "http")]
impl SplitFirstColon for [u8] {
    fn split_first_colon(&self) -> Option<(&[u8], &[u8])> {
        let offset = self.iter().position(|byte| *byte == b':')?;
        Some((&self[..offset], &self[offset + 1..]))
    }
}

#[cfg(all(test, feature = "http"))]
mod http_tests {
    use crate::Response;

    #[test]
    fn response_into_http_defaults_status_to_ok() {
        let response = Response {
            stdout: Some(b"Content-type: text/plain\r\nX-Test: 1\r\n\r\nhello".to_vec()),
            stderr: Some(b"notice".to_vec()),
        };

        let response: ::http::Response<Vec<u8>> = response.try_into().unwrap();

        assert_eq!(response.status(), ::http::StatusCode::OK);
        assert_eq!(response.headers()["content-type"], "text/plain");
        assert_eq!(response.body(), b"hello");
    }

    #[test]
    fn response_from_http_serializes_status_and_headers() {
        let response = ::http::Response::builder()
            .status(::http::StatusCode::CREATED)
            .header(::http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain")
            .body(b"hello".to_vec())
            .unwrap();

        let response = Response::try_from(response).unwrap();
        let stdout = String::from_utf8(response.stdout.unwrap()).unwrap();

        assert!(stdout.starts_with("Status: 201 Created\r\n"));
        assert!(stdout.contains("content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\nhello"));
    }
}