eorst 1.0.1

//! Selection and aggregation traits for raster data.
//!
//! This module provides traits for selecting layers and time slices from raster data,
//! stacking shapes, and computing aggregations along dimensions.

use crate::core_types::{RasterData, RasterType};
use crate::data_sources::DateType;
use crate::metadata::{RasterDataBlock, RasterMetadata};
use crate::types::{Dimension, RasterDataShape};
use anyhow::Result;
use gdal::raster::GdalType;
use ndarray::{Array2, Array3, Axis};
use num_traits::{FromPrimitive, ToPrimitive};
use std::fmt::{self, Debug};
use std::ops::{Add, Div, Index, IndexMut};

/// Trait for stacking RasterDataShapes.
pub trait Stack {
    /// Stacks another shape along a dimension.
    fn stack(&mut self, other: RasterDataShape, dim_to_stack: Dimension) -> &mut RasterDataShape;
    /// Extends the time dimension.
    fn extend(&mut self, other: RasterDataShape) -> &mut RasterDataShape;
}

impl Stack for RasterDataShape {
    fn extend(&mut self, other: RasterDataShape) -> &mut RasterDataShape {
        let mut extendable = true;

        for dim_loc in 1..4 {
            if self[dim_loc] != other[dim_loc] {
                extendable = false
            }
        }

        if extendable {
            self[0] += other[0];
            self
        } else {
            panic!("Unable to extend layers");
        }
    }

    fn stack(&mut self, other: RasterDataShape, dim_to_stack: Dimension) -> &mut RasterDataShape {
        let dimension_axis = dim_to_stack.get_axis();
        let mut stackable = true;
        for dim_loc in 0..4 {
            if dim_loc != dimension_axis && self[dim_loc] != other[dim_loc] {
                stackable = false;
            }
        }

        if stackable {
            self[dimension_axis] += other[dimension_axis];
            self
        } else {
            panic!("Unable to stack layers");
        }
    }
}

impl Dimension {
    /// Returns the axis index for this dimension.
    pub fn get_axis(&self) -> usize {
        match self {
            Dimension::Layer => 1,
            Dimension::Time => 0,
        }
    }
}

impl Index<usize> for RasterDataShape {
    type Output = usize;

    fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &usize {
        match index {
            0 => &self.times,
            1 => &self.layers,
            2 => &self.rows,
            3 => &self.cols,
            n => panic!("Invalid index: {}", n),
        }
    }
}

impl IndexMut<usize> for RasterDataShape {
    fn index_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> &mut usize {
        match index {
            0 => &mut self.times,
            1 => &mut self.layers,
            2 => &mut self.rows,
            3 => &mut self.cols,
            n => panic!("Invalid index: {}", n),
        }
    }
}

/// Trait for summing values along a specific dimension.
pub trait SumDimension<T>
where
    T: GdalType + num_traits::identities::Zero + Copy + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    /// Sums all values along the given dimension.
    fn sum_dimension(&self, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T>;
}

impl<T> SumDimension<T> for RasterData<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    fn sum_dimension(&self, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T> {
        match dimension {
            Dimension::Layer => self.sum_axis(Axis(1)),
            Dimension::Time => self.sum_axis(Axis(0)),
        }
    }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
pub(crate) trait MeanDimension<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    fn mean_dimension(&self, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T>;
}

impl<T> MeanDimension<T> for RasterData<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    fn mean_dimension(&self, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T> {
        let mean = match dimension {
            Dimension::Layer => self.mean_axis(Axis(1)),
            Dimension::Time => self.mean_axis(Axis(0)),
        };
        mean.unwrap()
    }
}

/// Trait for computing variance along a specific dimension.
pub trait VarDimension<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T> + num_traits::Float,
{
    /// Computes variance along the given dimension.
    /// `ddof` is the delta degrees of freedom (0 for population, 1 for sample).
    fn var_dimension(&self, ddof: T, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T>;
}

impl<T> VarDimension<T> for RasterData<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T> + num_traits::Float,
{
    fn var_dimension(&self, ddof: T, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T> {
        match dimension {
            Dimension::Layer => self.var_axis(Axis(1), ddof),
            Dimension::Time => self.var_axis(Axis(0), ddof),
        }
    }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
pub(crate) trait StdDimension<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T> + num_traits::Float,
{
    fn std_dimension(&self, ddof: T, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T>;
}

impl<T> StdDimension<T> for RasterData<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T> + num_traits::Float,
{
    fn std_dimension(&self, ddof: T, dimension: Dimension) -> Array3<T> {
        match dimension {
            Dimension::Layer => self.std_axis(Axis(1), ddof),
            Dimension::Time => self.std_axis(Axis(0), ddof),
        }
    }
}

/// Error type for layer/time selection operations.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum SelectError {
    /// Requested layer name was not found.
    LayerNotFound {
        /// The layer name that was requested.
        requested: String,
        /// Available layer names.
        available: Vec<String>,
    },
    /// Requested time index was not found.
    TimeNotFound {
        /// The date type that was requested.
        requested: DateType,
        /// Available date indices.
        available: Vec<DateType>,
    },
    /// An empty selection was requested.
    EmptySelection,
    /// Array concatenation/stacking failed.
    ConcatenationError(String),
}

impl fmt::Display for SelectError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            SelectError::LayerNotFound { requested, available } => {
                write!(f, "Layer '{}' not found. Available: {:?}", requested, available)
            }
            SelectError::TimeNotFound { requested, available } => {
                write!(f, "Time {:?} not found. Available: {:?}", requested, available)
            }
            SelectError::EmptySelection => {
                write!(f, "Empty selection requested")
            }
            SelectError::ConcatenationError(msg) => {
                write!(f, "Array concatenation failed: {}", msg)
            }
        }
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for SelectError {}

/// Trait for selecting layers and time slices from raster data by name.
pub trait Select<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    /// Select multiple layers by name.
    fn select_layers(&self, layer_names: &[&str]) -> Result<RasterDataBlock<T>, SelectError>;

    /// Select multiple time slices by date index.
    fn select_times(&self, dates: &[DateType]) -> Result<RasterDataBlock<T>, SelectError>;

    /// Find the index of a layer by name.
    fn find_layer_index(&self, name: &str) -> Result<usize, SelectError>;

    /// Find the index of a time slice by date type.
    fn find_time_index(&self, date: &DateType) -> Result<usize, SelectError>;
}

impl<T> Select<T> for RasterDataBlock<T>
where
    T: RasterType + FromPrimitive + Add<Output = T> + Div<Output = T>,
{
    fn find_layer_index(&self, name: &str) -> Result<usize, SelectError> {
        self.metadata
            .layer_indices
            .iter()
            .position(|s| s.as_str() == name)
            .ok_or(SelectError::LayerNotFound {
                requested: name.to_string(),
                available: self.metadata.layer_indices.clone(),
            })
    }

    fn find_time_index(&self, date: &DateType) -> Result<usize, SelectError> {
        self.metadata
            .date_indices
            .iter()
            .position(|d| d == date)
            .ok_or(SelectError::TimeNotFound {
                requested: date.clone(),
                available: self.metadata.date_indices.clone(),
            })
    }

    fn select_layers(&self, layer_names: &[&str]) -> Result<RasterDataBlock<T>, SelectError> {
        if layer_names.is_empty() {
            return Err(SelectError::EmptySelection);
        }

        let indices: Vec<usize> = layer_names
            .iter()
            .map(|name| self.find_layer_index(name))
            .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;

        let views: Vec<_> = indices
            .iter()
            .map(|&idx| self.data.index_axis(Axis(1), idx))
            .collect();

        let data = ndarray::stack(Axis(1), &views)
            .map_err(|e| SelectError::ConcatenationError(e.to_string()))?;

        let new_metadata = RasterMetadata {
            layer_indices: layer_names.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect(),
            shape: RasterDataShape {
                layers: layer_names.len(),
                ..self.metadata.shape
            },
            ..self.metadata.clone()
        };

        Ok(RasterDataBlock {
            data,
            metadata: new_metadata,
            no_data: self.no_data,
        })
    }

    fn select_times(&self, dates: &[DateType]) -> Result<RasterDataBlock<T>, SelectError> {
        if dates.is_empty() {
            return Err(SelectError::EmptySelection);
        }

        let indices: Vec<usize> = dates
            .iter()
            .map(|d| self.find_time_index(d))
            .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;

        let views: Vec<_> = indices
            .iter()
            .map(|&idx| self.data.index_axis(Axis(0), idx))
            .collect();

        let data = ndarray::stack(Axis(0), &views)
            .map_err(|e| SelectError::ConcatenationError(e.to_string()))?;

        let new_metadata = RasterMetadata {
            date_indices: dates.to_vec(),
            shape: RasterDataShape {
                times: dates.len(),
                ..self.metadata.shape
            },
            ..self.metadata.clone()
        };

        Ok(RasterDataBlock {
            data,
            metadata: new_metadata,
            no_data: self.no_data,
        })
    }
}

/// Convenience methods for `RasterDataBlock`.
impl<T> RasterDataBlock<T>
where
    T: RasterType,
{
    /// Returns the available layer names for this block.
    pub fn available_layer_names(&self) -> &[String] {
        &self.metadata.layer_indices
    }

    /// Returns the available time indices for this block.
    pub fn available_time_indices(&self) -> &[DateType] {
        &self.metadata.date_indices
    }
}

/// RasterBlock trait for block-level operations.
pub trait RasterBlockTrait<U>
where
    U: RasterType,
{
    /// Converts feature-request-count data to full resolution count.
    fn into_frc(&self, data: &Array2<U>) -> Array3<U>;

    /// Writes samples for a feature.
    fn write_samples_feature<T>(&self, data: &Array2<T>, file_name: &std::path::PathBuf, na: T)
    where
        T: RasterType + ToPrimitive;

    /// Writes 3D data.
    fn write3<T>(&self, data: Array3<T>, out_fn: &std::path::PathBuf)
    where
        T: RasterType + ToPrimitive;
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use crate::data_sources::DateType;
    use crate::metadata::{RasterDataBlock, RasterMetadata};
    use crate::types::RasterDataShape;
    use ndarray::Array4;
    use num_traits::NumCast;

    use super::{Select, SelectError};

    fn make_test_block() -> RasterDataBlock<f32> {
        // shape: (3 times, 4 layers, 2 rows, 2 cols)
        let data = Array4::<f32>::zeros((3, 4, 2, 2));
        let metadata = RasterMetadata {
            layer_indices: vec!["red".into(), "green".into(), "nir".into(), "swir".into()],
            date_indices: vec![
                DateType::Index(0),
                DateType::Index(1),
                DateType::Index(2),
            ],
            shape: RasterDataShape {
                times: 3,
                layers: 4,
                rows: 2,
                cols: 2,
            },
            ..RasterMetadata::new()
        };
        RasterDataBlock {
            data,
            metadata,
            no_data: NumCast::from(0.0f32).unwrap(),
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_basic() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block.select_layers(&["red", "nir"]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.layers, 2);
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[3, 2, 2, 2]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.layer_indices, vec!["red", "nir"]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.times, 3);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.rows, 2);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.cols, 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_single() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block.select_layers(&["nir"]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.layers, 1);
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[3, 1, 2, 2]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.layer_indices, vec!["nir"]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_all() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block
            .select_layers(&["red", "green", "nir", "swir"])
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.layers, 4);
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[3, 4, 2, 2]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_not_found() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let err = block.select_layers(&["red", "blue"]).unwrap_err();
        assert!(matches!(err, SelectError::LayerNotFound { .. }));
        if let SelectError::LayerNotFound { requested, available } = err {
            assert_eq!(requested, "blue");
            assert_eq!(available.len(), 4);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_empty() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let err = block.select_layers(&[]).unwrap_err();
        assert!(matches!(err, SelectError::EmptySelection));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_times_basic() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let dates = vec![DateType::Index(0), DateType::Index(2)];
        let result = block.select_times(&dates).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.times, 2);
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[2, 4, 2, 2]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.layers, 4);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_times_single() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block.select_times(&[DateType::Index(1)]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.shape.times, 1);
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[1, 4, 2, 2]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_times_not_found() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let err = block
            .select_times(&[DateType::Index(99)])
            .unwrap_err();
        assert!(matches!(err, SelectError::TimeNotFound { .. }));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_times_empty() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let err = block.select_times(&[]).unwrap_err();
        assert!(matches!(err, SelectError::EmptySelection));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_chaining_layers_then_times() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block
            .select_layers(&["red", "nir"])
            .unwrap()
            .select_times(&[DateType::Index(0)])
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[1, 2, 2, 2]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.layer_indices, vec!["red", "nir"]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.date_indices.len(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_chaining_times_then_layers() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block
            .select_times(&[DateType::Index(1), DateType::Index(2)])
            .unwrap()
            .select_layers(&["swir"])
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.data.shape(), &[2, 1, 2, 2]);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.date_indices.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.layer_indices, vec!["swir"]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_available_layer_names() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        assert_eq!(
            block.available_layer_names(),
            &["red", "green", "nir", "swir"]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_available_time_indices() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let times = block.available_time_indices();
        assert_eq!(times.len(), 3);
        assert_eq!(times[0], DateType::Index(0));
        assert_eq!(times[1], DateType::Index(1));
        assert_eq!(times[2], DateType::Index(2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_preserves_no_data() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block.select_layers(&["red"]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.no_data, block.no_data);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_error_display() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let err = block.select_layers(&["missing"]).unwrap_err();
        let msg = format!("{}", err);
        assert!(msg.contains("missing"));
        assert!(msg.contains("not found"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_select_layers_order_preserved() {
        let block = make_test_block();
        let result = block.select_layers(&["swir", "red"]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(result.metadata.layer_indices, vec!["swir", "red"]);
    }
}