env-config 0.2.0

//! Adds proc macro that adds methods to parse environment variables and write documentation using [doc-writer].
//!
//! # Examples
//! ```
#![doc = include_str!("../examples/http.rs")]
//! ```
//!
//! Would yield the following documentation:
#![doc = include_str!("../examples/http.md")]
//!
//! [doc-writer]: https://docs.rs/doc-writer/

use convert_case::{Case, Casing};
use proc_macro::TokenStream as CompilerTokenStream;
use proc_macro2::{Ident, TokenStream};
use quote::quote;
use syn::{
    parse_macro_input, Attribute, Data, DataEnum, DataStruct, DeriveInput, Lit, LitStr, Meta,
};

#[macro_use]
extern crate proc_macro_error;

mod struct_attributes {
    use bae::FromAttributes;
    use syn::LitStr;

    #[derive(Debug, Default, FromAttributes)]
    pub struct Env {
        pub prefix: Option<LitStr>,
    }
}

use struct_attributes::Env as StructAttributes;

mod field_attributes {
    use bae::FromAttributes;
    use syn::{Expr, LitStr};

    #[derive(Debug, Default, FromAttributes)]
    pub struct Env {
        pub rename: Option<LitStr>,
        pub no_prefix: Option<()>,
        pub skip: Option<()>,

        pub default: Option<Expr>,
        pub flatten: Option<()>,
    }
}

use field_attributes::Env as FieldAttributes;

mod enum_attributes {
    use bae::FromAttributes;
    use syn::LitStr;

    #[derive(Debug, Default, FromAttributes)]
    pub struct Env {
        pub rename_all: Option<LitStr>,
    }
}

use enum_attributes::Env as EnumAttributes;

mod variant_attributes {
    use bae::FromAttributes;
    use syn::LitStr;

    #[derive(Debug, Default, FromAttributes)]
    pub struct Env {
        pub rename: Option<LitStr>,
        pub skip: Option<()>,

        pub default: Option<()>,
    }
}

use variant_attributes::Env as VariantAttributes;

/// Derives `EnvConfig` as described in the [module description][self].
#[proc_macro_derive(EnvConfig, attributes(env))]
#[proc_macro_error]
pub fn derive_config(input: CompilerTokenStream) -> CompilerTokenStream {
    let input = parse_macro_input!(input as DeriveInput);
    match input.data {
        Data::Struct(data) => {
            let container_attrs = match StructAttributes::try_from_attributes(&input.attrs) {
                Ok(attrs) => attrs.unwrap_or_default(),
                Err(e) => {
                    emit_error!(input.ident, format!("{}: {}", input.ident, e));
                    return CompilerTokenStream::new();
                }
            };
            derive_config_struct(input.ident, container_attrs, data)
        }
        Data::Enum(data) => {
            let container_attrs = match EnumAttributes::try_from_attributes(&input.attrs) {
                Ok(attrs) => attrs.unwrap_or_default(),
                Err(e) => {
                    emit_error!(input.ident, format!("{}: {}", input.ident, e));
                    return CompilerTokenStream::new();
                }
            };
            derive_config_enum(input.ident, container_attrs, data)
        }
        Data::Union(data) => {
            emit_error!(
                data.union_token,
                "deriving EnvConfig only works on structs and enums"
            );
            TokenStream::new()
        }
    }
    .into()
}

#[allow(unused_parens)]
fn derive_config_struct(
    struct_name: Ident,
    container_attrs: StructAttributes,
    data: DataStruct,
) -> TokenStream {
    let prefix = container_attrs
        .prefix
        .map(|s| s.value())
        .unwrap_or_else(|| "".to_owned());

    let mut default_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut from_env_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut doc_code = TokenStream::new();

    for field in data.fields {
        let field_ident = match field.ident {
            Some(ident) => ident,
            None => {
                emit_error!(
                    field.ty,
                    "deriving EnvConfig only works on structs with named fields"
                );
                return TokenStream::new();
            }
        };

        let field_attrs: FieldAttributes = match FieldAttributes::try_from_attributes(&field.attrs)
        {
            Ok(attrs) => attrs.unwrap_or_default(),
            Err(e) => {
                emit_error!(field_ident, format!("{}: {}", field_ident, e));
                return TokenStream::new();
            }
        };

        if let Some(default) = field_attrs.default {
            default_code.extend(quote! { #field_ident: #default, });
        } else {
            default_code.extend(quote! { #field_ident: ::std::default::Default::default(), });
        }

        if field_attrs.skip.is_some() {
            continue;
        }
        if field_attrs.flatten.is_some() {
            emit_error!(
                field_ident,
                format!(
                    "{}: {}",
                    field_ident,
                    "#[env(flatten)] is not yet implemented" // TODO
                )
            );
            continue;
        }

        let mut name = String::new();
        if field_attrs.no_prefix.is_none() {
            name.push_str(&prefix);
        }
        name.push_str(
            &field_attrs
                .rename
                .map(|s| s.value())
                .unwrap_or_else(|| field_ident.to_string())
                .to_uppercase(),
        );

        let field_doc = match doc(&field.attrs[..]) {
            Ok(doc) => doc,
            Err(_) => return TokenStream::new(),
        };

        from_env_code.extend(quote! {
            #name => parsed.#field_ident = ::std::str::FromStr::from_str(&val)?,
        });
        doc_code.extend(quote! {
            doc.variable(#name, &self.#field_ident.to_string())?;
            doc.plain(#field_doc)?;
        });
    }

    let ts = quote! {
        impl ::std::default::Default for #struct_name {
            fn default() -> Self {
                Self {
                    #default_code
                }
            }
        }

        impl #struct_name {
            pub fn from_env(vars: impl ::std::iter::Iterator<Item = (::std::string::String, ::std::string::String)>) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn ::std::error::Error>> {
                let mut parsed = Self::default();

                for (key, val) in vars {
                    match key.as_str() {
                        #from_env_code
                        _ => { /* skip unknown keys */ },
                    }
                }
                Ok(parsed)
            }

            pub fn document_env<D: ::doc_writer::DocumentationWriter>(&self, doc: &mut D) -> Result<(), D::Error> {
                #doc_code
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    };
    ts
}

fn derive_config_enum(
    enum_name: Ident,
    container_attrs: EnumAttributes,
    data: DataEnum,
) -> TokenStream {
    let case = match parse_case(container_attrs.rename_all) {
        Ok(case) => case,
        Err(_) => return TokenStream::new(),
    };

    let mut default_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut doc_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut parse_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut display_code = TokenStream::new();
    let mut valid_list = String::new();

    for variant in data.variants {
        let variant_ident = variant.ident;

        let variant_attrs: VariantAttributes =
            match VariantAttributes::try_from_attributes(&variant.attrs) {
                Ok(attrs) => attrs.unwrap_or_default(),
                Err(e) => {
                    emit_error!(variant_ident, format!("{}: {}", variant_ident, e));
                    return TokenStream::new();
                }
            };

        let name = &variant_attrs
            .rename
            .map(|s| s.value())
            .unwrap_or_else(|| variant_ident.to_string())
            .to_case(case);
        let lower_name = name.to_ascii_lowercase();

        if variant_attrs.default.is_some() {
            default_code = quote! {
                impl ::std::default::Default for #enum_name {
                    fn default() -> Self {
                        Self::#variant_ident
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        display_code.extend(quote! {
            Self::#variant_ident => write!(f, #name),
        });

        if variant_attrs.skip.is_some() {
            continue;
        }

        valid_list.push_str(&format!("{:?}, ", name));

        let variant_doc = match doc(&variant.attrs[..]) {
            Ok(attrs) => attrs,
            Err(_) => return TokenStream::new(),
        };

        parse_code.extend(quote! {
            #lower_name => Self::#variant_ident,
        });
        doc_code.extend(quote! {
            doc.variant(#name)?;
            doc.plain(#variant_doc)?;
        });
    }

    let error_name = syn::Ident::new(
        &format!("Parse{}Error", enum_name.to_string()),
        enum_name.span(),
    );
    let valid_list = valid_list.trim_end_matches(&[',', ' '][..]);

    let ts = quote! {
        #default_code

        #[doc(hidden)]
        #[derive(Debug)]
        pub struct #error_name {
            got: String
        }

        impl ::std::fmt::Display for #error_name {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
                write!(f, "expected one of {}, got {:?}", #valid_list, self.got)
            }
        }

        impl ::std::error::Error for #error_name {}

        impl ::std::str::FromStr for #enum_name {
            type Err = #error_name;

            fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
                let lower_s = s.to_ascii_lowercase();
                Ok(match lower_s.as_str() {
                    #parse_code
                    _ => return Err(#error_name { got: s.to_string() })
                })
            }
        }

        impl ::std::fmt::Display for #enum_name {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
                match self {
                    #display_code
                }
            }
        }

        impl #enum_name {
            pub fn document_enum<D: ::doc_writer::DocumentationWriter>(doc: &mut D) -> Result<(), D::Error> {
                #doc_code
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    };
    ts
}

fn parse_case(pattern: Option<LitStr>) -> Result<Case, ()> {
    if let Some(pattern) = pattern {
        Ok(match pattern.value().as_str() {
            "lowercase" => Case::Flat,
            "UPPERCASE" => Case::UpperFlat,
            "PascalCase" => Case::Pascal,
            "camelCase" => Case::Camel,
            "snake_case" => Case::Snake,
            "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE" => Case::ScreamingSnake,
            "kebab-case" => Case::Kebab,
            "SCREAMING-KEBAB-CASE" => Case::Cobol,
            _ => {
                emit_error!(
                    pattern,
                    r#"#[env(rename_all)] only accepts "lowercase", "UPPERCASE", "PascalCase", "camelCase", "snake_case", "SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE", "kebab-case", and "SCREAMING-KEBAB-CASE"#
                );
                return Err(());
            }
        })
    } else {
        Ok(Case::Pascal)
    }
}

fn doc(attrs: &[Attribute]) -> Result<String, ()> {
    let mut doc = String::new();
    for attr in attrs {
        if !attr.path.is_ident("doc") {
            continue;
        }
        let doc_attr = match attr.parse_meta() {
            Ok(attr) => attr,
            Err(e) => {
                emit_error!(attr.tokens, e.to_string());
                return Err(());
            }
        };
        match doc_attr {
            Meta::NameValue(kv) => match kv.lit {
                Lit::Str(s) => {
                    doc.push_str(&s.value());
                    doc.push('\n')
                }
                _ => {
                    emit_error!(
                        attr.tokens,
                        "#[doc] attributes must consist of literal strings, like #[doc = \"Info\"]"
                    );
                    return Err(());
                }
            },
            _ => {
                emit_error!(
                    attr.tokens,
                    "#[doc] attributes must be assignments, like #[doc = \"Info\"]"
                );
                return Err(());
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(doc)
}