engramdb 0.2.0

Disk-first storage engine for Engram/PLE n-gram memory tables: build/index/warm/verify/inspect
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
//! EngramDB CLI(M1 版)。
//!
//! 子命令(最小可用集):
//! - build     从真实/模拟分片目录构建 Store-I 徽标存储(badge 布局 + manifest)
//! - index     从 rowid 流文件构建 I2 频率索引(counts.bin / counts.txt dump)
//! - gather    取一批 rowid(stdin 行分隔),输出校验和(验证用)
//! - verify    用 Python 参考脚本给同一批 rowid 求 fnv,与本端对拍(bit-exact)
//! - bench-real 真表 P1 微基准(keygen rowid 流)
//!
//! 用法见 `engramdb --help`。

use std::fs::File;
use std::io::BufRead;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

use engramdb_core::count_index::CountIndex;
use engramdb_core::layout::Layout;

use engramdb_keygen::PleSpec;

use engramdb_core::fnv64;
use engramdb_io::backend::{default_backend, IoBackend};
use engramdb_io::batch::BadgeGather;
use engramdb_io::view;

mod workload;

use workload::{gen_tokens, AgentStats, Mode};

fn fnv(bytes: &[u8]) -> u64 {
    fnv64(bytes)
}

fn ple_layout() -> Layout {
    Layout::new(128, 2_500_012, 160, 1)
}

/// 按目录实际分片(shard_/badge_ 命名皆可)自适应布局;
/// 非满 128 分片(mock 表 / 部分数据)也可运行。
fn layout_for_dir(dir: &Path) -> Result<Layout, String> {
    let base = ple_layout();
    let mut n = 0u32;
    for i in 0..base.shards {
        if dir.join(format!("shard_{:03}.bin", i)).exists()
            || dir.join(format!("badge_{:03}.bin", i)).exists()
        {
            n += 1;
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }
    if n == 0 {
        return Err(format!("目录 {dir:?} 中没有分片文件"));
    }
    Ok(Layout::new(n as u64, base.rows_per_shard, base.width, 1))
}

fn main() {
    let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
    let Some(cmd) = args.next() else {
        println!("usage: engramdb <build|index|gather|verify|bench-real|warm> [args...]");
        return;
    };
    let rest = args;
    let out = match cmd.as_str() {
        "build" => cmd_build(rest),
        "index" => cmd_index(rest),
        "gather" => cmd_gather(rest),
        "verify" => cmd_verify(rest),
        "bench-real" => cmd_bench_real(rest),
        "warm" => cmd_warm(rest),
        "view" => cmd_view(rest),
        "prep" => cmd_prep(rest),
        _ => Err(format!("unknown command: {cmd}")),
    };
    if let Err(e) = out {
        eprintln!("error: {e}");
        std::process::exit(1);
    }
}

/// build <shard_dir> <out_dir>:把 `shard_NNN.bin`(raw fps8 行,宽 160)转成 badge 布局存储。
fn cmd_build(mut args: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let src = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <shard_dir>")?);
    let dst = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <out_dir>")?);
    let layout = ple_layout();
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dst).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;

    // 逐分片:行连续 → 切 badge → 每分片写一个 badged 文件
    for shard in 0..layout.shards {
        let sp = src.join(format!("shard_{:03}.bin", shard));
        if !sp.exists() {
            return Err(format!("缺分片 {sp:?}{}/{}", shard, layout.shards));
        }
        let mut f = File::open(&sp).map_err(io_err)?;
        let mut out = File::create(dst.join(format!("badge_{:03}.bin", shard))).map_err(io_err)?;
        let badge_bytes = layout.badge_bytes() as usize;
        let mut badge = vec![0u8; badge_bytes];
        loop {
            let mut got = 0usize;
            while got < badge_bytes {
                let n = std::io::Read::read(&mut f, &mut badge[got..]).map_err(io_err)?;
                if n == 0 {
                    break;
                }
                got += n;
            }
            if got == 0 {
                break;
            }
            // 尾块(不满一 badge)填零(pad),值域不受影响(死行)
            if got < badge_bytes {
                badge[got..].fill(0);
            }
            std::io::Write::write_all(&mut out, &badge).map_err(io_err)?;
        }
        drop(out);
    }

    let manifest = serde_json::json!({
        "layout": { "shards": layout.shards, "rows_per_shard": layout.rows_per_shard,
                    "width": layout.width, "elem_bytes": 1, "badge_rows": layout.badge_rows,
                    "badge_bytes": layout.badge_bytes(), "total_rows": layout.total_rows() },
        "source": src.to_string_lossy(),
    });
    std::fs::write(
        dst.join("manifest.json"),
        serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&manifest).unwrap(),
    )
    .map_err(io_err)?;
    println!(
        "built {dst:?}  ({} shards × {} rows × {})",
        layout.shards, layout.rows_per_shard, layout.width
    );
    Ok(())
}

/// index <rowids_bin> <out_dir[:index/>]:I2 频率索引。
fn cmd_index(mut args: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let src = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <rowids.bin>")?);
    let dst = args.next().unwrap_or_else(|| "index".to_string());
    let dst = PathBuf::from(dst);
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dst).map_err(io_err)?;
    let f = File::open(&src).map_err(io_err)?;
    let idx = CountIndex::build_from_bin_stream(std::io::BufReader::new(f)).map_err(io_err)?;
    idx.write_bin(&dst.join("counts.bin")).map_err(io_err)?;
    idx.write_dump(&dst.join("counts.dump.txt"))
        .map_err(io_err)?;
    println!("indexed {} unique rows -> {dst:?}", idx.iter().count());
    Ok(())
}

/// warm <dir> [--tier t3]:顺序读(丢弃)预热 OS 页缓存(T2/T3 之间的冷启动优化)。
fn cmd_warm(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("需要 <rows_dir|badge_dir>")?);
    let mut budget_gb = 1.0f64;
    let mut rest2 = rest;
    while let Some(arg) = rest2.next() {
        if arg == "--budget" {
            budget_gb = rest2
                .next()
                .ok_or("budget 值")?
                .parse()
                .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseFloatError| e.to_string())?;
        }
    }
    let layout = ple_layout();
    let mut warmed: u64 = 0;
    let budget = (budget_gb * 1e9) as u64;
    for shard in 0..layout.shards {
        let p = dir.join(format!("shard_{:03}.bin", shard));
        if !p.exists() {
            // badge 布局目录按 badge_ 前缀
            let p2 = dir.join(format!("badge_{:03}.bin", shard));
            if !p2.exists() {
                continue;
            }
            let mut f = File::open(&p2).map_err(io_err)?;
            let mut probe = 0u8;
            let _gone = 0u64;
            while warmed < budget {
                let mut buf = [0u8; 1 << 20];
                let n = std::io::Read::read(&mut f, &mut buf).map_err(io_err)?;
                if n == 0 {
                    break;
                }
                warmed += n as u64;
                let gone = warmed;
                let _ = gone;
                probe = buf[0];
            }
            let _ = probe;
        } else {
            let mut f = File::open(&p).map_err(io_err)?;
            let mut probe = 0u8;
            while warmed < budget {
                let mut buf = [0u8; 1 << 20];
                let n = std::io::Read::read(&mut f, &mut buf).map_err(io_err)?;
                if n == 0 {
                    break;
                }
                warmed += n as u64;
                probe = buf[0];
            }
            let _ = probe;
        }
        if warmed >= budget {
            break;
        }
    }
    println!("warmed {:.2} GB of OS page cache", warmed as f64 / 1e9);
    Ok(())
}

/// gather <badge_dir>:stdin 每行一个 rowid(升序更好),输出 fnv64 校验和(供对拍)。
fn cmd_gather(mut args: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <badge_dir>")?);
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&dir)?;
    let batch = engramdb_io::batch::BadgeGather::open(&dir, &layout).map_err(io_err)?;
    let stdin = std::io::stdin();
    let mut keys = Vec::new();
    for line in stdin.lock().lines() {
        let line = line.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        let line = line.trim();
        if line.is_empty() {
            continue;
        }
        keys.push(line.parse::<u64>().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
    }
    let w = layout.width as usize;
    let mut out = vec![0u8; keys.len() * w];
    batch.gather_planned(&keys, &mut out).map_err(io_err)?;
    println!("{}", fnv(&out));
    Ok(())
}

/// verify <badge_dir> <input_rowids>:打印每行校验与总计(配合 python 对拍)。
fn cmd_verify(mut args: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <badge_dir>")?);
    let input = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <rowids.txt>")?);
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&dir)?;
    let batch = engramdb_io::batch::BadgeGather::open(&dir, &layout).map_err(io_err)?;
    let mut keys = Vec::new();
    let text = std::fs::read_to_string(&input).map_err(io_err)?;
    for line in text.lines() {
        let line = line.trim();
        if !line.is_empty() {
            keys.push(line.parse::<u64>().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
        }
    }
    let w = layout.width as usize;
    if keys.is_empty() {
        println!("fnv=0");
        return Ok(());
    }
    let mut out = vec![0u8; keys.len() * w];
    batch.gather_planned(&keys, &mut out).map_err(io_err)?;
    println!("fnv={} keys={}", fnv(&out), keys.len());
    Ok(())
}

/// bench-real <badge_dir> [--dist uniform|agent] [--stats probes/agent_workload_stats.json]
/// [--reqs 64] [--cap-token 10000] [--iters 8] [--hot-hit 0.35] [--seed 1]
/// 真表口径 16 行/token 批取。uniform = 全词表随机(对照);agent =
/// 真实流量分布(P2:热集 + 会话记忆 + 短尾),统计来自 probes/agent_workload_stats.json。
fn cmd_bench_real(mut args: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = PathBuf::from(args.next().ok_or("需要 <badge_dir>")?);
    let mut dist = "uniform".to_string();
    let mut stats_path = PathBuf::from("probes/agent_workload_stats.json");
    let mut reqs = 64usize;
    let mut cap_token = 10_000u32;
    let mut iters = 8usize;
    let mut hot_hit = 0.35f64;
    let mut seed = 1u64;
    let mut rest = args;
    while let Some(a) = rest.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--dist" => dist = rest.next().ok_or("dist 值")?,
            "--stats" => stats_path = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("stats 路径")?),
            "--reqs" => {
                reqs = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("reqs")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--cap-token" => {
                cap_token = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("cap")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--iters" => {
                iters = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("iters")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--hot-hit" => {
                hot_hit = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("hot")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseFloatError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--seed" => {
                seed = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("seed")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            _ => return Err(format!("未知参数: {a}")),
        }
    }
    let stats = if dist == "agent" {
        Some(AgentStats::load(&stats_path)?)
    } else {
        None
    };
    let mode = if dist == "agent" {
        Mode::Agent(stats_path.clone(), hot_hit)
    } else {
        Mode::Uniform
    };
    let tokens = gen_tokens(&mode, stats.as_ref(), reqs, cap_token, seed)?;
    if tokens.is_empty() {
        return Err("空 token 序列".into());
    }
    let spec = PleSpec::real();
    let mut rowids: Vec<u32> = Vec::with_capacity(tokens.len() * 16);
    for t in 0..tokens.len() {
        let c = tokens[t];
        let triple = [tokens[t.saturating_sub(2)], tokens[t.saturating_sub(1)], c];
        let ids = spec.rowids_for_seq(&triple);
        rowids.extend_from_slice(&ids[0]);
    }
    let keys: Vec<u64> = rowids.iter().map(|&x| x as u64).collect();
    let threads: usize = 8;
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&dir)?;
    let batch = engramdb_io::batch::BadgeGather::open(&dir, &layout).map_err(io_err)?;
    let w = layout.width as usize;
    let mut out = vec![0u8; keys.len() * w];
    let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
    for _ in 0..iters {
        batch.gather_pp(&keys, &mut out, threads).map_err(io_err)?;
        black_box(&out);
    }
    let dt = t0.elapsed().as_secs_f64() / iters as f64;
    let rows_per_s = keys.len() as f64 / dt;
    println!(
        "rows/s={:.0}  tokens={}  keys/batch={}  payload=KB/tok={:.1}",
        rows_per_s,
        tokens.len(),
        keys.len(),
        keys.len() * 160 / 1024 / (keys.len() / 16)
    );
    Ok(())
}

/// prep [<tokens.u32.npy> | --dist uniform|agent] <out_keys.txt>
/// 把 token 流(P2 语料导出 npy,或 --dist 真实流量模拟)映射为 gram rowid keys
/// (每 token 16 头平铺),供后续 build/gather/verify/view 链消费(训练数据准备入口)。
/// npy 格式与 p2rowid 一致(np.save 原生 u32 数组)。
fn cmd_prep(rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let mut args: Vec<String> = rest.collect();
    if args.is_empty() {
        return Err("usage: engramdb prep <tokens.u32.npy | --dist agent> <out_keys.txt>".into());
    }
    let mut dist = false;
    let mut dist_name = "uniform".to_string();
    let mut stats_path = PathBuf::from("probes/agent_workload_stats.json");
    let mut reqs = 64usize;
    let mut cap_token = 10_000u32;
    let mut hot_hit = 0.35f64;
    let mut seed = 1u64;
    let mut tokens_src: Option<PathBuf> = None;
    let mut pos: Vec<PathBuf> = Vec::new();
    let mut it = args.drain(..);
    while let Some(a) = it.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--dist" => {
                dist = true;
                dist_name = it.next().ok_or("dist 值")?;
            }
            "--stats" => stats_path = PathBuf::from(it.next().ok_or("stats 路径")?),
            "--reqs" => {
                reqs = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("reqs")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--cap-token" => {
                cap_token = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("cap")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--hot-hit" => {
                hot_hit = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("hot")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseFloatError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--seed" => {
                seed = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("seed")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            _ => pos.push(PathBuf::from(a)),
        }
    }
    if dist {
        if pos.len() != 1 {
            return Err("--dist 模式下只需要 <out_keys.txt>".into());
        }
    } else if pos.len() == 2 {
        tokens_src = Some(pos[0].clone());
    } else if pos.len() != 1 {
        return Err("需要 <tokens.u32.npy> <out_keys.txt>".into());
    }
    if pos.len() > 1 {
        let _ = pos.pop();
    }
    let out_keys = pos.pop().ok_or("缺少 <out_keys.txt>")?;
    tokens_src = tokens_src.take();
    let tokens: Vec<u32> = if dist {
        let stats = if dist_name == "agent" {
            Some(AgentStats::load(&stats_path)?)
        } else {
            None
        };
        let mode = if dist_name == "agent" {
            Mode::Agent(stats_path.clone(), hot_hit)
        } else {
            Mode::Uniform
        };
        let t = gen_tokens(&mode, stats.as_ref(), reqs, cap_token, seed)?;
        if t.is_empty() {
            return Err("空 token 序列".into());
        }
        t
    } else {
        let src = tokens_src.ok_or("缺少 token 源或 --dist")?;
        read_tokens_npy(&src)?
    };
    let spec = PleSpec::real();
    let mut w =
        std::io::BufWriter::new(std::fs::File::create(&out_keys).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
    use std::io::Write as _;
    for t in 0..tokens.len() {
        let triple = [
            tokens[t.saturating_sub(2)],
            tokens[t.saturating_sub(1)],
            tokens[t],
        ];
        let ids = spec.rowids_for_seq(&triple);
        for &r in &ids[0] {
            writeln!(w, "{}", r as u64).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        }
    }
    w.flush().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    println!(
        "prep: tokens={} rows={} keys_file={}",
        tokens.len(),
        tokens.len() * 16,
        out_keys.display()
    );
    Ok(())
}

/// 读取 np.save 原生 u32 数组(P2 语料导出格式,与 p2rowid 同源)。
fn read_tokens_npy(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<u32>, String> {
    let data = std::fs::read(path).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    if data.len() < 8 || &data[0..6] != b"\x93NUMPY" {
        return Err(format!("{path:?} 非 npy(np.save 原生 u32)"));
    }
    let mut idx = 6usize;
    let major = data[idx];
    idx += 1;
    idx += 1; // minor
    let hlen = if major == 1 {
        u16::from_le_bytes([data[idx], data[idx + 1]]) as usize
    } else {
        u32::from_le_bytes([data[idx], data[idx + 1], data[idx + 2], data[idx + 3]]) as usize
    };
    idx += if major == 1 { 2 } else { 4 };
    let raw = &data[idx + hlen..];
    if raw.len() % 4 != 0 {
        return Err("npy 数据非 u32 对齐".into());
    }
    Ok(raw
        .as_chunks::<4>()
        .0
        .iter()
        .map(|c| u32::from_le_bytes([c[0], c[1], c[2], c[3]]))
        .collect())
}

fn black_box<T>(x: &T) {
    unsafe {
        std::ptr::read_volatile(&(x as *const T as usize));
    }
}

fn io_err(e: std::io::Error) -> String {
    e.to_string()
}

/// 让外部可直接调用 fnv(供 python 对拍脚本)——纯函数保持公开。
pub fn exported_fnv(bytes: &[u8]) -> u64 {
    fnv(bytes)
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn _keep_serde(_p: &Path) {
    let _ = serde_json::Value::Null;
}

/// view <build|bench|lat|verify> ...:Store-P 物化视图(P4 产品面;与探针 p4view 同构)。
/// 用法:
///   engramdb view build <rows_dir> <n_grams> <view.bin> <keys.txt> [--slot 2560|4096] [--keys IN_KEYS] [--verify]
///   engramdb view bench <rows_dir> <view.bin> [--keys K] [--sub N] [--threads 8] [--slot B] [--backend preadv|uring]
///   engramdb view lat <view.bin> [--threads 1|8] [--warm] [--cold] [--sub N] [--slot B]
///   engramdb view verify <rows_dir> <view.bin> [--keys K] [--sub N]
fn cmd_view(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let Some(sub) = rest.next() else {
        return Err("view 需要子命令 build|bench|lat|verify".into());
    };
    let it = rest;
    match sub.as_str() {
        "build" => cmd_view_build(it),
        "bench" => cmd_view_bench(it),
        "lat" => cmd_view_lat(it),
        "verify" => cmd_view_verify(it),
        _ => Err(format!("unknown view subcommand: {sub}")),
    }
}

fn backend_for(name: Option<String>) -> Result<Box<dyn IoBackend>, String> {
    match name.as_deref() {
        None | Some("preadv") => Ok(default_backend()),
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
        Some("uring") => Ok(Box::new(engramdb_io::backend::UringBackend)),
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
        Some("uring-batch") => Ok(Box::new(engramdb_io::backend::UringBatchBackend)),
        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
        Some("uring") => Err("uring 后端仅 Linux 可用(当前平台不可用)".into()),
        Some(other) => Err(format!("unknown backend: {other}")),
    }
}

fn cmd_view_build(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let rows_dir = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("rows_dir")?);
    let n: usize = rest
        .next()
        .ok_or("n_grams")?
        .parse()
        .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?;
    let view_out = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("view.bin")?);
    let keys_out = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("keys.txt")?);
    let mut slot_bytes: u64 = 2560;
    let mut backend_name: Option<String> = None;
    let mut keys_in: Option<PathBuf> = None;
    let mut verify = false;
    let mut it = rest;
    while let Some(a) = it.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--slot" => {
                slot_bytes = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("slot")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--backend" => backend_name = Some(it.next().ok_or("backend")?),
            "--keys" => keys_in = Some(PathBuf::from(it.next().ok_or("keys 路径")?)),
            "--verify" => verify = true,
            "--seed" => {
                let _ = it.next();
            }
            _ => return Err(format!("未知参数 {a}")),
        }
    }
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&rows_dir)?;
    let batch = BadgeGather::open_with_backend(&rows_dir, &layout, backend_for(backend_name)?)
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    if let Some(kf) = keys_in {
        // 使用调用方提供的访问序/rowid 列表构建视图。keys 文件为 16 头平铺:
        // 每 gram 连续 16 行,物理槽位顺序 = 文件顺序。
        let all = view::read_keys(&kf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        let need = n * view::HEAD_W as usize;
        if all.len() < need {
            return Err(format!(
                "--keys 文件只有 {} 行,需要至少 {need} 行({n} grams × {} heads)",
                all.len(),
                view::HEAD_W
            ));
        }
        let _ = view::build_view_from_keys(
            &batch,
            &all[..need],
            slot_bytes,
            &view_out,
            Some(&keys_out),
        )
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    } else {
        let _ = view::build_view(&batch, n, slot_bytes, &view_out, Some(&keys_out))
            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    }
    if verify {
        let keys = view::read_keys(&keys_out).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        view::verify_view(&batch, &view_out, Some(&keys), 0).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn cmd_view_bench(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let rows_dir = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("rows_dir")?);
    let view_file = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("view.bin")?);
    let mut keys_path: Option<PathBuf> = None;
    let mut sub_grams = 0usize;
    let mut threads = 8usize;
    let mut slot_bytes: u64 = 0;
    let mut backend_name: Option<String> = None;
    let mut order = String::from("rand");
    let mut it = rest;
    while let Some(a) = it.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--order" => order = it.next().ok_or("order 值")?,
            "--keys" => keys_path = Some(PathBuf::from(it.next().ok_or("keys 路径")?)),
            "--sub" => {
                sub_grams = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--threads" => {
                threads = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--slot" => {
                slot_bytes = it
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--backend" => backend_name = Some(it.next().ok_or("backend")?),
            _ => return Err(format!("未知参数 {a}")),
        }
    }
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&rows_dir)?;
    let batch = BadgeGather::open_with_backend(&rows_dir, &layout, backend_for(backend_name)?)
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let keys = match &keys_path {
        Some(kf) => Some(view::read_keys(kf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?),
        None => None,
    };
    view::bench_view(
        &batch,
        &view_file,
        keys.as_deref(),
        sub_grams,
        threads,
        slot_bytes,
        &order,
    )
    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    Ok(())
}

fn cmd_view_lat(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let view_file = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("view.bin")?);
    let mut threads = 8usize;
    let mut warm = false;
    let mut cold = false;
    let mut sub_grams = 0usize;
    let mut slot_bytes: u64 = 0;
    while let Some(a) = rest.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--threads" => {
                threads = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--warm" => warm = true,
            "--cold" => cold = true,
            "--sub" => {
                sub_grams = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--slot" => {
                slot_bytes = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            _ => return Err(format!("未知参数 {a}")),
        }
    }
    view::lat_view(&view_file, threads, warm, cold, sub_grams, slot_bytes)
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
}

fn cmd_view_verify(mut rest: impl Iterator<Item = String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let rows_dir = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("rows_dir")?);
    let view_file = PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("view.bin")?);
    let mut keys_path: Option<PathBuf> = None;
    let mut sub_grams = 0usize;
    let mut backend_name: Option<String> = None;
    while let Some(a) = rest.next() {
        match a.as_str() {
            "--keys" => keys_path = Some(PathBuf::from(rest.next().ok_or("keys 路径")?)),
            "--sub" => {
                sub_grams = rest
                    .next()
                    .ok_or("v")?
                    .parse()
                    .map_err(|e: std::num::ParseIntError| e.to_string())?
            }
            "--backend" => backend_name = Some(rest.next().ok_or("backend")?),
            _ => return Err(format!("未知参数 {a}")),
        }
    }
    let layout = layout_for_dir(&rows_dir)?;
    let batch = BadgeGather::open_with_backend(&rows_dir, &layout, backend_for(backend_name)?)
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let keys = match &keys_path {
        Some(kf) => Some(view::read_keys(kf).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?),
        None => None,
    };
    view::verify_view(&batch, &view_file, keys.as_deref(), sub_grams).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
}