embassy-stm32 0.6.0

Embassy Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for ST STM32 series microcontrollers
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
//! XSPI Serial Peripheral Interface
//!

#![macro_use]

pub mod enums;

use core::marker::PhantomData;

use embassy_embedded_hal::{GetConfig, SetConfig};
use embassy_hal_internal::PeripheralType;
pub use enums::*;

use crate::dma::{ChannelAndRequest, word};
use crate::gpio::{AfType, Flex, OutputType, Pull, Speed};
use crate::mode::{Async, Blocking, Mode as PeriMode};
use crate::pac::xspi::Xspi as Regs;
use crate::pac::xspi::vals::*;
#[cfg(xspim_v1)]
use crate::pac::xspim::Xspim;
use crate::rcc::{self, RccPeripheral};
use crate::{Peri, peripherals};

/// XPSI driver config.
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
pub struct Config {
    /// Fifo threshold used by the peripheral to generate the interrupt indicating data
    /// or space is available in the FIFO
    pub fifo_threshold: FIFOThresholdLevel,
    /// Indicates the type of external device connected
    pub memory_type: MemoryType, // Need to add an additional enum to provide this public interface
    /// Defines the size of the external device connected to the XSPI corresponding
    /// to the number of address bits required to access the device
    pub device_size: MemorySize,
    /// Sets the minimum number of clock cycles that the chip select signal must be held high
    /// between commands
    pub chip_select_high_time: ChipSelectHighTime,
    /// Enables the free running clock
    pub free_running_clock: bool,
    /// Sets the clock level when the device is not selected
    pub clock_mode: bool,
    /// Indicates the wrap size corresponding to the external device configuration
    pub wrap_size: WrapSize,
    /// Specified the prescaler factor used for generating the external clock based
    /// on the AHB clock. 0 = Fkernel, 1 = Fkernel/2, 2 = Fkernel/3 etc.
    pub clock_prescaler: u8,
    /// Allows the delay of 1/2 cycle the data sampling to account for external
    /// signal delays
    pub sample_shifting: bool,
    /// Allows hold to 1/4 cycle the data
    pub delay_hold_quarter_cycle: bool,
    /// Enables the transaction boundary feature and defines the boundary to release
    /// the chip select
    pub chip_select_boundary: u8,
    /// Enables communication regulation feature. Chip select is released when the other
    /// XSpi requests access to the bus
    pub max_transfer: u8,
    /// Enables the refresh feature, chip select is released every refresh + 1 clock cycles
    pub refresh: u32,
}

impl Default for Config {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            fifo_threshold: FIFOThresholdLevel::_16Bytes, // 32 bytes FIFO, half capacity
            memory_type: MemoryType::Micron,
            device_size: MemorySize::Other(0),
            chip_select_high_time: ChipSelectHighTime::_5Cycle,
            free_running_clock: false,
            clock_mode: false,
            wrap_size: WrapSize::None,
            clock_prescaler: 0,
            sample_shifting: false,
            delay_hold_quarter_cycle: false,
            chip_select_boundary: 0, // Acceptable range 0 to 31
            max_transfer: 0,
            refresh: 0,
        }
    }
}

/// XSPI transfer configuration.
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
pub struct TransferConfig {
    /// Instruction width (IMODE)
    pub iwidth: XspiWidth,
    /// Instruction Id
    pub instruction: Option<u32>,
    /// Number of Instruction Bytes
    pub isize: AddressSize,
    /// Instruction Double Transfer rate enable
    pub idtr: bool,

    /// Address width (ADMODE)
    pub adwidth: XspiWidth,
    /// Device memory address
    pub address: Option<u32>,
    /// Number of Address Bytes
    pub adsize: AddressSize,
    /// Address Double Transfer rate enable
    pub addtr: bool,

    /// Alternate bytes width (ABMODE)
    pub abwidth: XspiWidth,
    /// Alternate Bytes
    pub alternate_bytes: Option<u32>,
    /// Number of Alternate Bytes
    pub absize: AddressSize,
    /// Alternate Bytes Double Transfer rate enable
    pub abdtr: bool,

    /// Data width (DMODE)
    pub dwidth: XspiWidth,
    /// Data Double Transfer rate enable
    pub ddtr: bool,

    /// Number of dummy cycles (DCYC)
    pub dummy: DummyCycles,

    /// DQS Enable
    pub dqse: bool,
}

impl Default for TransferConfig {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            iwidth: XspiWidth::NONE,
            instruction: None,
            isize: AddressSize::_8bit,
            idtr: false,

            adwidth: XspiWidth::NONE,
            address: None,
            adsize: AddressSize::_8bit,
            addtr: false,

            abwidth: XspiWidth::NONE,
            alternate_bytes: None,
            absize: AddressSize::_8bit,
            abdtr: false,

            dwidth: XspiWidth::NONE,
            ddtr: false,

            dummy: DummyCycles::_0,

            dqse: false,
        }
    }
}

/// Error used for Xspi implementation
#[derive(Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
pub enum XspiError {
    /// Peripheral configuration is invalid
    InvalidConfiguration,
    /// Operation configuration is invalid
    InvalidCommand,
    /// Size zero buffer passed to instruction
    EmptyBuffer,
}

/// XSPI driver.
pub struct Xspi<'d, T: Instance, M: PeriMode> {
    _peri: Peri<'d, T>,
    _clk: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d0: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d1: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d2: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d3: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d4: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d5: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d6: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d7: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d8: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d9: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d10: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d11: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d12: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d13: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d14: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _d15: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _ncs: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    // TODO: allow switching between multiple chips
    _ncs_alt: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    // false if ncs == NCS1, true if ncs == NCS2
    // (ncs_alt will be the opposite to ncs).
    _cssel_swap: bool,
    _dqs0: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    _dqs1: Option<Flex<'d>>,
    dma: Option<ChannelAndRequest<'d>>,
    _phantom: PhantomData<M>,
    config: Config,
    width: XspiWidth,
}

impl<'d, T: Instance, M: PeriMode> Xspi<'d, T, M> {
    /// Enter memory mode.
    /// The Input `read_config` is used to configure the read operation in memory mode
    pub fn enable_memory_mapped_mode(
        &mut self,
        read_config: TransferConfig,
        write_config: TransferConfig,
    ) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        let reg = T::REGS;
        while reg.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Configure WRITE registers first (matching C HAL order)
        // Use write() for clean initialization instead of modify()
        reg.wccr().write(|w| {
            w.set_imode(WccrImode::from_bits(write_config.iwidth.into()));
            w.set_idtr(write_config.idtr);
            w.set_isize(WccrIsize::from_bits(write_config.isize.into()));

            w.set_admode(WccrAdmode::from_bits(write_config.adwidth.into()));
            w.set_addtr(write_config.addtr);
            w.set_adsize(WccrAdsize::from_bits(write_config.adsize.into()));

            w.set_abmode(WccrAbmode::from_bits(write_config.abwidth.into()));
            w.set_abdtr(write_config.abdtr);
            w.set_absize(WccrAbsize::from_bits(write_config.absize.into()));

            w.set_dmode(WccrDmode::from_bits(write_config.dwidth.into()));
            w.set_ddtr(write_config.ddtr);

            w.set_dqse(write_config.dqse);
        });

        reg.wtcr().write(|w| w.set_dcyc(write_config.dummy.into()));

        // Set write instruction register (WIR) for memory-mapped write operations
        if let Some(instruction) = write_config.instruction {
            reg.wir().write(|w| w.set_instruction(instruction));
        }

        // Set write alternate bytes register (WABR) if needed
        if let Some(ab) = write_config.alternate_bytes {
            reg.wabr().write(|w| w.set_alternate(ab));
        }

        // Configure READ registers
        self.configure_command(&read_config, None)?;

        while reg.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Set read DQS correctly - respect read_config.dqse, don't hardcode false!
        reg.ccr().modify(|r| {
            r.set_dqse(read_config.dqse);
        });

        // Enable memory mapped mode
        reg.cr().modify(|r| {
            r.set_fmode(Fmode::B_0X3);
            r.set_tcen(false);
        });
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Quit from memory mapped mode
    pub fn disable_memory_mapped_mode(&mut self) {
        let reg = T::REGS;

        reg.cr().modify(|r| {
            r.set_fmode(Fmode::B_0X0);
            r.set_abort(true);
            r.set_dmaen(false);
            r.set_en(false);
        });

        // Clear transfer complete flag
        reg.fcr().write(|w| w.set_ctcf(true));

        // Re-enable ospi
        reg.cr().modify(|r| {
            r.set_en(true);
        });
    }

    /// Set clock prescaler dynamically after initialization.
    ///
    /// - 0 = bypass (maximum speed, XSPI clock = kernel clock)
    /// - 1-255 = divide by (N+1)
    ///
    /// This can be called after init to change clock speed, matching ST HAL's
    /// `HAL_XSPI_SetClockPrescaler()` behavior.
    pub fn set_clock_prescaler(&mut self, prescaler: u8) {
        // Disable XSPI before modifying prescaler
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_en(false));
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Change prescaler
        T::REGS.dcr2().modify(|w| w.set_prescaler(prescaler));

        // Re-enable XSPI
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_en(true));

        // Update stored config
        self.config.clock_prescaler = prescaler;
    }

    fn new_inner(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        _d0: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d1: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d2: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d3: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d4: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d5: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d6: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d7: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d8: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d9: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d10: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d11: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d12: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d13: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d14: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _d15: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _clk: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        ncs_cssel: u8,
        _ncs: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _ncs_alt: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _dqs0: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        _dqs1: Option<Flex<'d>>,
        dma: Option<ChannelAndRequest<'d>>,
        config: Config,
        width: XspiWidth,
        dual_quad: bool,
    ) -> Self {
        // Enable the interface (H7RS only - N6 doesn't have PWR XSPIM enable bits)
        #[cfg(pwr_h7rs)]
        match T::SPI_IDX {
            1 => crate::pac::PWR.csr2().modify(|r| r.set_en_xspim1(true)),
            2 => crate::pac::PWR.csr2().modify(|r| r.set_en_xspim2(true)),
            _ => unreachable!(),
        };

        #[cfg(xspim_v1)]
        {
            debug!("XSPI init: enabling XSPIM clock");
            // RCC for xspim should be enabled before writing register
            #[cfg(rcc_h7rs)]
            crate::pac::RCC.ahb5enr().modify(|w| w.set_iomngren(true));
            #[cfg(rcc_n6)]
            crate::pac::RCC.ahb5enr().modify(|w| w.set_xspimen(true));

            // N6: Enable XSPI peripheral clock FIRST (bus fault if accessed without clock)
            #[cfg(rcc_n6)]
            rcc::enable_and_reset::<T>();

            // Disable XSPI peripheral
            T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
                w.set_en(false);
            });

            // Configure XSPI IO Manager
            // Note: ncs_cssel indicates which NCS pin is being used (0=NCS0, 1=NCS1)
            T::SPIM_REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
                w.set_muxen(false);
                w.set_req2ack_time(1); // Match ST HAL (was 0xff, which is only relevant when muxen=true)
                // STM32N6: Enable chip select override (required for proper NCS routing)
                #[cfg(stm32n6)]
                w.set_cssel_ovr_en(true);
                // Set override value based on pin configuration (0=NCS0, 1=NCS1)
                // Each XSPI has its own override field in XSPIM
                match T::SPI_IDX {
                    1 => w.set_cssel_ovr_o1(ncs_cssel != 0),
                    2 => w.set_cssel_ovr_o2(ncs_cssel != 0),
                    _ => {} // XSPI3 not supported in non-multiplexed mode
                }
            });
            debug!("XSPI init: XSPIM configured");

            // H7RS: Enable XSPI clock after initial config (original sequence)
            #[cfg(rcc_h7rs)]
            rcc::enable_and_reset::<T>();
        }

        #[cfg(not(xspim_v1))]
        rcc::enable_and_reset::<T>();

        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Device configuration
        T::REGS.dcr1().modify(|w| {
            w.set_devsize(config.device_size.into());
            w.set_mtyp(Mtyp::from_bits(config.memory_type.into()));
            w.set_csht(Csht::from_bits(config.chip_select_high_time.into()));
            w.set_frck(false);
            w.set_ckmode(Ckmode::from_bits(config.clock_mode.into()));
        });

        T::REGS.dcr2().modify(|w| {
            w.set_wrapsize(Wrapsize::from_bits(config.wrap_size.into()));
        });

        T::REGS.dcr3().modify(|w| {
            w.set_csbound(Csbound::from_bits(config.chip_select_boundary.into()));
            #[cfg(xspi_v1)]
            {
                w.set_maxtran(Maxtran::from_bits(config.max_transfer.into()));
            }
        });

        T::REGS.dcr4().modify(|w| {
            w.set_refresh(Refresh::from_bits(config.refresh.into()));
        });

        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_fthres(Fthres::from_bits(config.fifo_threshold.into()));
        });

        // Wait for busy flag to clear
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        T::REGS.dcr2().modify(|w| {
            w.set_prescaler(config.clock_prescaler);
        });

        // Wait for busy flag to clear after changing prescaler, during calibration
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_dmm(dual_quad);

            assert!(_ncs_alt.is_none(), "ncs_alt TODO");
            let cssel = if ncs_cssel == 0 { Cssel::B_0X0 } else { Cssel::B_0X1 };
            w.set_cssel(cssel);
        });

        T::REGS.tcr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_sshift(config.sample_shifting);
            w.set_dhqc(config.delay_hold_quarter_cycle);
        });

        // Enable peripheral
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_en(true);
        });

        // Free running clock needs to be set after peripheral enable
        if config.free_running_clock {
            T::REGS.dcr1().modify(|w| {
                w.set_frck(config.free_running_clock);
            });
        }

        Self {
            _peri: peri,
            _clk,
            _d0,
            _d1,
            _d2,
            _d3,
            _d4,
            _d5,
            _d6,
            _d7,
            _d8,
            _d9,
            _d10,
            _d11,
            _d12,
            _d13,
            _d14,
            _d15,
            _ncs,
            _ncs_alt,
            _cssel_swap: ncs_cssel == 1,
            _dqs0,
            _dqs1,
            dma,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
            config,
            width,
        }
    }

    // Function to configure the peripheral for the requested command
    fn configure_command(&mut self, command: &TransferConfig, data_len: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        // Check that transaction doesn't use more than hardware initialized pins
        if <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(command.iwidth) > <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(self.width)
            || <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(command.adwidth) > <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(self.width)
            || <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(command.abwidth) > <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(self.width)
            || <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(command.dwidth) > <enums::XspiWidth as Into<u8>>::into(self.width)
        {
            return Err(XspiError::InvalidCommand);
        }

        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|w| w.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectWrite.into())));

        // Configure alternate bytes
        if let Some(ab) = command.alternate_bytes {
            T::REGS.abr().write(|v| v.set_alternate(ab));
        } else {
            T::REGS.ccr().modify(|w| {
                // disable alternate bytes
                w.set_abmode(CcrAbmode::B_0X0);
            })
        }

        // Configure dummy cycles
        T::REGS.tcr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_dcyc(command.dummy.into());
        });

        // STM32N6: Deactivate sample shifting when data DTR mode is enabled
        // This is required for proper DQS-based sampling in DTR mode (matches C HAL behavior
        // in stm32n6xx_hal_xspi.c lines 3289-3292)
        #[cfg(stm32n6)]
        if command.ddtr {
            T::REGS.tcr().modify(|w| {
                w.set_sshift(false);
            });
        }

        // Configure data
        if let Some(data_length) = data_len {
            T::REGS.dlr().write(|v| {
                v.set_dl((data_length - 1) as u32);
            });
        } else {
            T::REGS.dlr().write(|v| {
                v.set_dl((0) as u32);
            });
        }

        // Configure instruction/address/alternate bytes/data modes
        T::REGS.ccr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_imode(CcrImode::from_bits(command.iwidth.into()));
            w.set_idtr(command.idtr);
            w.set_isize(CcrIsize::from_bits(command.isize.into()));

            w.set_admode(CcrAdmode::from_bits(command.adwidth.into()));
            w.set_addtr(command.addtr);
            w.set_adsize(CcrAdsize::from_bits(command.adsize.into()));

            w.set_abmode(CcrAbmode::from_bits(command.abwidth.into()));
            w.set_abdtr(command.abdtr);
            w.set_absize(CcrAbsize::from_bits(command.absize.into()));

            w.set_dmode(CcrDmode::from_bits(command.dwidth.into()));
            w.set_ddtr(command.ddtr);
            w.set_dqse(command.dqse);
        });

        // Set information required to initiate transaction
        if let Some(instruction) = command.instruction {
            if let Some(address) = command.address {
                T::REGS.ir().write(|v| {
                    v.set_instruction(instruction);
                });

                T::REGS.ar().write(|v| {
                    v.set_address(address);
                });
            } else {
                // STM32N6: When DHQC is enabled and instruction is in DTR mode with no data phase,
                // DDTR must be enabled for proper timing (STM32N6 XSPI hardware requirement)
                #[cfg(stm32n6)]
                if data_len.is_none() && self.config.delay_hold_quarter_cycle && command.idtr {
                    T::REGS.ccr().modify(|w| {
                        w.set_ddtr(true);
                    });
                }

                T::REGS.ir().write(|v| {
                    v.set_instruction(instruction);
                });
            }
        } else {
            if let Some(address) = command.address {
                T::REGS.ar().write(|v| {
                    v.set_address(address);
                });
            } else {
                // The only single phase transaction supported is instruction only
                return Err(XspiError::InvalidCommand);
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Function used to control or configure the target device without data transfer
    pub fn blocking_command(&mut self, command: &TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Need additional validation that command configuration doesn't have data set
        self.configure_command(command, None)?;

        // Transaction initiated by setting final configuration, i.e the instruction register
        while !T::REGS.sr().read().tcf() {}
        T::REGS.fcr().write(|w| {
            w.set_ctcf(true);
        });

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Blocking read with byte by byte data transfer
    pub fn blocking_read<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &mut [W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Ensure DMA is not enabled for this transaction
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_dmaen(false);
        });

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;

        let current_address = T::REGS.ar().read().address();
        let current_instruction = T::REGS.ir().read().instruction();

        // For a indirect read transaction, the transaction begins when the instruction/address is set
        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectRead.into())));
        if T::REGS.ccr().read().admode() == CcrAdmode::B_0X0 {
            T::REGS.ir().write(|v| v.set_instruction(current_instruction));
        } else {
            T::REGS.ar().write(|v| v.set_address(current_address));
        }

        for idx in 0..buf.len() {
            while !T::REGS.sr().read().tcf() && !T::REGS.sr().read().ftf() {}
            buf[idx] = unsafe { (T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W).read_volatile() };
        }

        while !T::REGS.sr().read().tcf() {}
        T::REGS.fcr().write(|v| v.set_ctcf(true));

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Blocking write with byte by byte data transfer
    pub fn blocking_write<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &[W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_dmaen(false);
        });

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;

        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectWrite.into())));

        for idx in 0..buf.len() {
            while !T::REGS.sr().read().ftf() {}
            unsafe { (T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W).write_volatile(buf[idx]) };
        }

        while !T::REGS.sr().read().tcf() {}
        T::REGS.fcr().write(|v| v.set_ctcf(true));

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Set new bus configuration
    pub fn set_config(&mut self, config: &Config) {
        // Wait for busy flag to clear
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        // Disable DMA channel while configuring the peripheral
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_dmaen(false);
        });

        // Device configuration
        T::REGS.dcr1().modify(|w| {
            w.set_devsize(config.device_size.into());
            w.set_mtyp(Mtyp::from_bits(config.memory_type.into()));
            w.set_csht(Csht::from_bits(config.chip_select_high_time.into()));
            w.set_frck(false);
            w.set_ckmode(match config.clock_mode {
                true => Ckmode::B_0X1,
                false => Ckmode::B_0X0,
            });
        });

        T::REGS.dcr2().modify(|w| {
            w.set_wrapsize(Wrapsize::from_bits(config.wrap_size.into()));
        });

        T::REGS.dcr3().modify(|w| {
            w.set_csbound(Csbound::from_bits(config.chip_select_boundary.into()));
            #[cfg(xspi_v1)]
            {
                w.set_maxtran(Maxtran::from_bits(config.max_transfer.into()));
            }
        });

        T::REGS.dcr4().modify(|w| {
            w.set_refresh(Refresh::from_bits(config.refresh.into()));
        });

        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_fthres(Fthres::from_bits(config.fifo_threshold.into()));
        });

        // Wait for busy flag to clear
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        T::REGS.dcr2().modify(|w| {
            w.set_prescaler(config.clock_prescaler);
        });

        T::REGS.tcr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_sshift(config.sample_shifting);
            w.set_dhqc(config.delay_hold_quarter_cycle);
        });

        // Enable peripheral
        T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| {
            w.set_en(true);
        });

        // Free running clock needs to be set after peripheral enable
        if config.free_running_clock {
            T::REGS.dcr1().modify(|w| {
                w.set_frck(config.free_running_clock);
            });
        }

        self.config = *config;
    }

    /// Get current configuration
    pub fn get_config(&self) -> Config {
        self.config
    }
}

impl<'d, T: Instance> Xspi<'d, T, Blocking> {
    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for a single spi external chip
    pub fn new_blocking_singlespi(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::SING,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for a dualspi external chip
    pub fn new_blocking_dualspi(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::DUAL,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for a quadspi external chip
    pub fn new_blocking_quadspi(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::QUAD,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for two quadspi external chips
    pub fn new_blocking_dualquadspi(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::QUAD,
            true,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for xspi external chips
    pub fn new_blocking_xspi(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::OCTO,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for octo-spi with DQS pin support.
    /// Required for high-speed DTR mode operation (>145 MHz).
    pub fn new_blocking_xspi_dqs(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::OCTO,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for 16-bit hexadeca-spi external chips
    pub fn new_blocking_xspi_hexa(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for a Hexadeca-SPI external chip with DQS pin
    /// Required for Xccela protocol devices (like APS256XXN PSRAM) that use DTR mode
    #[cfg(xspim_v1)]
    pub fn new_blocking_xspi_hexa_dqs(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        debug!("XSPI hexa_dqs: starting, about to configure pins");
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new blocking XSPI driver for Hexadeca-SPI with dual DQS pins
    /// Required for APS256XX PSRAM on STM32N6570-DK which uses both DQS0 and DQS1
    #[cfg(xspim_v1)]
    pub fn new_blocking_xspi_hexa_dqs_dual(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        dqs1: Peri<'d, impl DQS1Pin<T>>,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        debug!("XSPI hexa_dqs_dual: starting, about to configure pins");
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            new_pin!(dqs1, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }
}

impl<'d, T: Instance> Xspi<'d, T, Async> {
    /// Create new async XSPI driver for a single spi external chip
    pub fn new_singlespi<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::SING,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for a dualspi external chip
    pub fn new_dualspi<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::DUAL,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for a quadspi external chip
    pub fn new_quadspi<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::QUAD,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for two quadspi external chips
    pub fn new_dualquadspi<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::QUAD,
            true,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for xspi external chips
    pub fn new_xspi<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::OCTO,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for octo-spi with DQS pin support.
    /// Required for high-speed DTR mode operation (>145 MHz).
    pub fn new_xspi_dqs<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::OCTO,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for 16-bit hexadeca-spi external chips
    pub fn new_xspi_hexa<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            None,
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for hexadeca-spi with DQS pin support
    /// Required for Xccela protocol devices (like APS256XXN PSRAM) that use DTR mode
    #[cfg(xspim_v1)]
    pub fn new_xspi_hexa_dqs<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            None,
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Create new async XSPI driver for Hexadeca-SPI with dual DQS pins
    /// Required for APS256XX PSRAM on STM32N6570-DK which uses both DQS0 and DQS1
    #[cfg(xspim_v1)]
    pub fn new_xspi_hexa_dqs_dual<D: XDma<T>>(
        peri: Peri<'d, T>,
        clk: Peri<'d, impl CLKPin<T>>,
        d0: Peri<'d, impl D0Pin<T>>,
        d1: Peri<'d, impl D1Pin<T>>,
        d2: Peri<'d, impl D2Pin<T>>,
        d3: Peri<'d, impl D3Pin<T>>,
        d4: Peri<'d, impl D4Pin<T>>,
        d5: Peri<'d, impl D5Pin<T>>,
        d6: Peri<'d, impl D6Pin<T>>,
        d7: Peri<'d, impl D7Pin<T>>,
        d8: Peri<'d, impl D8Pin<T>>,
        d9: Peri<'d, impl D9Pin<T>>,
        d10: Peri<'d, impl D10Pin<T>>,
        d11: Peri<'d, impl D11Pin<T>>,
        d12: Peri<'d, impl D12Pin<T>>,
        d13: Peri<'d, impl D13Pin<T>>,
        d14: Peri<'d, impl D14Pin<T>>,
        d15: Peri<'d, impl D15Pin<T>>,
        ncs: Peri<'d, impl NCSEither<T>>,
        dqs0: Peri<'d, impl DQS0Pin<T>>,
        dqs1: Peri<'d, impl DQS1Pin<T>>,
        dma: Peri<'d, D>,
        _irq: impl crate::interrupt::typelevel::Binding<D::Interrupt, crate::dma::InterruptHandler<D>> + 'd,
        config: Config,
    ) -> Self {
        Self::new_inner(
            peri,
            new_pin!(d0, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d1, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d2, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d3, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d4, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d5, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d6, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d7, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d8, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d9, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d10, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d11, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d12, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d13, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d14, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(d15, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            new_pin!(clk, AfType::output(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh)),
            ncs.sel(),
            new_pin!(
                ncs,
                AfType::output_pull(OutputType::PushPull, Speed::VeryHigh, Pull::Up)
            ),
            None,
            new_pin!(dqs0, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            new_pin!(dqs1, AfType::input(Pull::None)),
            new_dma!(dma, _irq),
            config,
            XspiWidth::HEXA,
            false,
        )
    }

    /// Blocking read with DMA transfer
    pub fn blocking_read_dma<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &mut [W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;

        let current_address = T::REGS.ar().read().address();
        let current_instruction = T::REGS.ir().read().instruction();

        // For a indirect read transaction, the transaction begins when the instruction/address is set
        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectRead.into())));
        if T::REGS.ccr().read().admode() == CcrAdmode::B_0X0 {
            T::REGS.ir().write(|v| v.set_instruction(current_instruction));
        } else {
            T::REGS.ar().write(|v| v.set_address(current_address));
        }

        for chunk in buf.chunks_mut(0xFFFF / W::size().bytes()) {
            let transfer = unsafe {
                self.dma
                    .as_mut()
                    .unwrap()
                    .read(T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W, chunk, Default::default())
            };

            T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_dmaen(true));

            transfer.blocking_wait();
        }

        finish_dma(T::REGS);

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Blocking write with DMA transfer
    pub fn blocking_write_dma<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &[W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;
        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectWrite.into())));

        for chunk in buf.chunks(0xFFFF / W::size().bytes()) {
            let transfer = unsafe {
                self.dma
                    .as_mut()
                    .unwrap()
                    .write(chunk, T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W, Default::default())
            };

            T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_dmaen(true));

            transfer.blocking_wait();
        }

        finish_dma(T::REGS);

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Asynchronous read from external device
    pub async fn read<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &mut [W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;

        let current_address = T::REGS.ar().read().address();
        let current_instruction = T::REGS.ir().read().instruction();

        // For a indirect read transaction, the transaction begins when the instruction/address is set
        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectRead.into())));
        if T::REGS.ccr().read().admode() == CcrAdmode::B_0X0 {
            T::REGS.ir().write(|v| v.set_instruction(current_instruction));
        } else {
            T::REGS.ar().write(|v| v.set_address(current_address));
        }

        for chunk in buf.chunks_mut(0xFFFF / W::size().bytes()) {
            let transfer = unsafe {
                self.dma
                    .as_mut()
                    .unwrap()
                    .read(T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W, chunk, Default::default())
            };

            T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_dmaen(true));

            transfer.await;
        }

        finish_dma(T::REGS);

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Asynchronous write to external device
    pub async fn write<W: Word>(&mut self, buf: &[W], transaction: TransferConfig) -> Result<(), XspiError> {
        if buf.is_empty() {
            return Err(XspiError::EmptyBuffer);
        }

        // Wait for peripheral to be free
        while T::REGS.sr().read().busy() {}

        let transfer_size_bytes = buf.len() * W::size().bytes();
        self.configure_command(&transaction, Some(transfer_size_bytes))?;
        T::REGS
            .cr()
            .modify(|v| v.set_fmode(Fmode::from_bits(XspiMode::IndirectWrite.into())));

        // TODO: implement this using a LinkedList DMA to offload the whole transfer off the CPU.
        for chunk in buf.chunks(0xFFFF / W::size().bytes()) {
            let transfer = unsafe {
                self.dma
                    .as_mut()
                    .unwrap()
                    .write(chunk, T::REGS.dr().as_ptr() as *mut W, Default::default())
            };

            T::REGS.cr().modify(|w| w.set_dmaen(true));

            transfer.await;
        }

        finish_dma(T::REGS);

        Ok(())
    }
}

impl<'d, T: Instance, M: PeriMode> Drop for Xspi<'d, T, M> {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        rcc::disable::<T>();
    }
}

fn finish_dma(regs: Regs) {
    while !regs.sr().read().tcf() {}
    regs.fcr().write(|v| v.set_ctcf(true));

    regs.cr().modify(|w| {
        w.set_dmaen(false);
    });
}

/// XSPI I/O manager instance trait.
#[cfg(xspim_v1)]
pub(crate) trait SealedXspimInstance {
    const SPIM_REGS: Xspim;
    const SPI_IDX: u8;
}

/// XSPI instance trait.
pub(crate) trait SealedInstance {
    const REGS: Regs;
}

/// XSPI instance trait.
#[cfg(xspim_v1)]
#[allow(private_bounds)]
pub trait Instance: SealedInstance + PeripheralType + RccPeripheral + SealedXspimInstance {}

/// XSPI instance trait.
#[cfg(not(xspim_v1))]
#[allow(private_bounds)]
pub trait Instance: SealedInstance + PeripheralType + RccPeripheral {}

pin_trait!(D0Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D1Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D2Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D3Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D4Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D5Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D6Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D7Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D8Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D9Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D10Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D11Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D12Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D13Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D14Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(D15Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(DQS0Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(DQS1Pin, Instance);
pin_trait!(NCSPin, Instance);
pin_trait!(CLKPin, Instance);
pin_trait!(NCLKPin, Instance);
dma_trait!(XDma, Instance);

/// Trait for either NCS1 or NCS2 pins
pub trait NCSEither<T: Instance>: NCSPin<T> {
    /// Get the CSSEL for this NCS pin
    fn sel(&self) -> u8;
}

// Hard-coded the xspi index, for SPIM
#[cfg(xspim_v1)]
impl SealedXspimInstance for peripherals::XSPI1 {
    const SPIM_REGS: Xspim = crate::pac::XSPIM;
    const SPI_IDX: u8 = 1;
}

// Some cubedb files are missing XSPI2, for example STM32H7R3Z8
#[cfg(all(xspim_v1, peri_xspi2))]
impl SealedXspimInstance for peripherals::XSPI2 {
    const SPIM_REGS: Xspim = crate::pac::XSPIM;
    const SPI_IDX: u8 = 2;
}

// XSPI3 only exists on N6, available only in XSPIM multiplexed mode (MUXEN=1)
// Currently not supported - would require multiplexed mode implementation
#[cfg(all(xspim_v1, stm32n6))]
impl SealedXspimInstance for peripherals::XSPI3 {
    const SPIM_REGS: Xspim = crate::pac::XSPIM;
    const SPI_IDX: u8 = 3;
}

#[cfg(xspim_v1)]
foreach_peripheral!(
    (xspi, $inst:ident) => {
        impl SealedInstance for peripherals::$inst {
            const REGS: Regs = crate::pac::$inst;
        }

        impl Instance for peripherals::$inst {}
    };
);

#[cfg(not(xspim_v1))]
foreach_peripheral!(
    (xspi, $inst:ident) => {
        impl SealedInstance for peripherals::$inst {
            const REGS: Regs = crate::pac::$inst;
        }

        impl Instance for peripherals::$inst {}
    };
);

impl<'d, T: Instance, M: PeriMode> SetConfig for Xspi<'d, T, M> {
    type Config = Config;
    type ConfigError = ();
    fn set_config(&mut self, config: &Self::Config) -> Result<(), ()> {
        self.set_config(config);
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl<'d, T: Instance, M: PeriMode> GetConfig for Xspi<'d, T, M> {
    type Config = Config;
    fn get_config(&self) -> Self::Config {
        self.get_config()
    }
}

/// Word sizes usable for XSPI.
#[allow(private_bounds)]
pub trait Word: word::Word {}

macro_rules! impl_word {
    ($T:ty) => {
        impl Word for $T {}
    };
}

impl_word!(u8);
impl_word!(u16);
impl_word!(u32);