# either_field
`either_field` is a Crate which allows you to create variants of structs where fields have different types
## Why would you use this
While normally you can do a similar thing with enums and their variants, nothing stops you from changing a field's enum variant.
Otherwise, using traits, there is a lot of verbosity, which leads to several dozens lines of codes for just a few generic types in a struct.
This crate instead allows you to generate separate types from a (under the hood) generic struct.
### E.G:
Picture you're working with SQL, and you have two tables:
- `Scores`
| | player_id | value |
|-|-|-|
|Type| INTEGER | INTEGER |
and
- `Players`
| | player_id | username |
|-|-|-|
|Type| INTEGER | VARCHAR(255) |
Say that in a function, you're returning either the pure `Scores` table, or a modified version with the player
```rs
// Example 1
struct Scores {
player_id: i32,
value: i32
}
// Example 2
struct PlayerBasic {
player_id: i32,
username: String
}
struct ScoresWithPlayer {
player: PlayerBasic,
value: i32
}
```
Wouldn't it come in handy if you could define both of these with one struct?
```rs
#[template_table]
struct GenericPlayer {
player: either!(i32 | PlayerBasic),
value: i32
}
```
# The Syntax
## Structs
within the `#[make_template()]` attribute macro inputs, we use a JSON-like syntax to indicate what's going on. Here's a description of it:
- `VIS` is the [visibility](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-privacy.html) of the struct
```
VIS name_of_the_derived_struct: [
field_name_1: type,
field_name_2: type
]
```
within the struct instead, we use a macro to tell which fields should be considered and what their valid types are:
```rs
struct StructName {
field_name: either_field::either!(type | type | type)
}
```
## The settings
Before the list of generated structs, there can be settings:
```
SettingName: value,
```
These are separated by commas, the last one by a semicolon, and the possible values are the following:
| GenStructs | bool | false | Generates new structs instead of generating type declarations |
| DeleteTemplate | bool | false | Deletes the template struct. Requires `GenStructs` to be `true` |
| OmitEmptyTupleFields | bool | false | Deletes the fields which's type is `()`, effectively omitting them. Requires `GenStructs` to be `true` |
## Tuple Structs
Tuple structs require for `GenStructs` to be set to true.
it is allowed to either indicate the fields with a number, or do so sequentially
```
VIS name_of_the_derived_struct: [
field_position: type, // i.e. 0
...
]
```
```
VIS name_of_the_derived_struct: [ type, ... ]
```
The actual examples are in the `example/` folder.