edge-http 0.7.0

# edge-http

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Async + `no_std` + no-alloc implementation of the HTTP protocol.

The implementation is based on the splendid [httparse](https://github.com/seanmonstar/httparse) library.

For other protocols, look at the [edge-net](https://github.com/ivmarkov/edge-net) aggregator crate documentation.

## Next steps

Optimize further the memory consumption of the generated futures:
* In particular, the `edge_http::io:::server::Server::run` future - with the defaults of 4 handlers and size for 64 headers in the request currently weights ~ **6 - 9KB**
* Moreover, *this is without the memory buffers that the `edge_http::io:::server::Server` needs to operate* - which - while already optimized - take another 2048 * 4 ~ **8KB** (but that's of course normal and to be accepted)

[Relevant material linking various Rust open issues on the subject](https://swatinem.de/blog/future-size)

## Examples

### HTTP client

```rust
use core::net::SocketAddr;

use embedded_io_async::Read;

use edge_http::io::{client::Connection, Error};
use edge_http::Method;
use edge_nal::{AddrType, Dns, TcpConnect};

use log::*;

fn main() {
    env_logger::init_from_env(
        env_logger::Env::default().filter_or(env_logger::DEFAULT_FILTER_ENV, "info"),
    );

    let stack: edge_nal_std::Stack = Default::default();

    let mut buf = [0_u8; 8192];

    futures_lite::future::block_on(read(&stack, &mut buf)).unwrap();
}

async fn read<T: TcpConnect + Dns>(
    stack: &T,
    buf: &mut [u8],
) -> Result<(), Error<<T as TcpConnect>::Error>>
where
    <T as Dns>::Error: Into<<T as TcpConnect>::Error>,
{
    info!("About to open an HTTP connection to httpbin.org port 80");

    let ip = stack
        .get_host_by_name("httpbin.org", AddrType::IPv4)
        .await
        .map_err(|e| Error::Io(e.into()))?;

    let mut conn: Connection<_> = Connection::new(buf, stack, SocketAddr::new(ip, 80));

    for uri in ["/ip", "/headers"] {
        request(&mut conn, uri).await?;
    }

    Ok(())
}

async fn request<const N: usize, T: TcpConnect>(
    conn: &mut Connection<'_, T, N>,
    uri: &str,
) -> Result<(), Error<T::Error>> {
    conn.initiate_request(true, Method::Get, uri, &[("Host", "httpbin.org")])
        .await?;

    conn.initiate_response().await?;

    let mut result = Vec::new();

    let mut buf = [0_u8; 1024];

    loop {
        let len = conn.read(&mut buf).await?;

        if len > 0 {
            result.extend_from_slice(&buf[0..len]);
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }

    info!(
        "Request to httpbin.org, URI \"{}\" returned:\nBody:\n=================\n{}\n=================\n\n\n\n",
        uri,
        core::str::from_utf8(&result).unwrap());

    Ok(())
}
```

### HTTP server

```rust
use core::fmt::{Debug, Display};

use edge_http::io::server::{Connection, DefaultServer, Handler};
use edge_http::io::Error;
use edge_http::Method;
use edge_nal::TcpBind;

use embedded_io_async::{Read, Write};

use log::info;

fn main() {
    env_logger::init_from_env(
        env_logger::Env::default().filter_or(env_logger::DEFAULT_FILTER_ENV, "info"),
    );

    let mut server = DefaultServer::new();

    futures_lite::future::block_on(run(&mut server)).unwrap();
}

pub async fn run(server: &mut DefaultServer) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
    let addr = "0.0.0.0:8881";

    info!("Running HTTP server on {addr}");

    let acceptor = edge_nal_std::Stack::new()
        .bind(addr.parse().unwrap())
        .await?;

    server.run(None, acceptor, HttpHandler).await?;

    Ok(())
}

struct HttpHandler;

impl Handler for HttpHandler {
    type Error<E>
        = Error<E>
    where
        E: Debug;

    async fn handle<T, const N: usize>(
        &self,
        _task_id: impl Display + Copy,
        conn: &mut Connection<'_, T, N>,
    ) -> Result<(), Self::Error<T::Error>>
    where
        T: Read + Write,
    {
        let headers = conn.headers()?;

        if headers.method != Method::Get {
            conn.initiate_response(405, Some("Method Not Allowed"), &[])
                .await?;
        } else if headers.path != "/" {
            conn.initiate_response(404, Some("Not Found"), &[]).await?;
        } else {
            conn.initiate_response(200, Some("OK"), &[("Content-Type", "text/plain")])
                .await?;

            conn.write_all(b"Hello world!").await?;
        }

        Ok(())
    }
}
```


### More examples

#### HTTPS server

HTTPS server with embassy and embedded-tls [here](https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-mbedtls/blob/main/examples/edge_server.rs)