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use core::fmt;
use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
use super::common::*;
#[cfg(feature = "blind-keys")]
use super::edwards25519::{ge_scalarmult, sc_invert, sc_mul};
use super::edwards25519::{
ge_scalarmult_base, is_identity, sc_muladd, sc_reduce, sc_reduce32, sc_reject_noncanonical,
GeP2, GeP3,
};
use super::error::Error;
use super::sha512;
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct PublicKey([u8; PublicKey::BYTES]);
impl PublicKey {
pub const BYTES: usize = 32;
pub fn new(pk: [u8; PublicKey::BYTES]) -> Self {
PublicKey(pk)
}
pub fn from_slice(pk: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut pk_ = [0u8; PublicKey::BYTES];
if pk.len() != pk_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidPublicKey);
}
pk_.copy_from_slice(pk);
Ok(PublicKey::new(pk_))
}
}
impl Deref for PublicKey {
type Target = [u8; PublicKey::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct SecretKey([u8; SecretKey::BYTES]);
impl SecretKey {
pub const BYTES: usize = 32 + PublicKey::BYTES;
pub fn new(sk: [u8; SecretKey::BYTES]) -> Self {
SecretKey(sk)
}
pub fn from_slice(sk: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut sk_ = [0u8; SecretKey::BYTES];
if sk.len() != sk_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidSecretKey);
}
sk_.copy_from_slice(sk);
Ok(SecretKey::new(sk_))
}
pub fn public_key(&self) -> PublicKey {
let mut pk = [0u8; PublicKey::BYTES];
pk.copy_from_slice(&self[Seed::BYTES..]);
PublicKey(pk)
}
pub fn seed(&self) -> Seed {
Seed::from_slice(&self[0..Seed::BYTES]).unwrap()
}
}
impl Drop for SecretKey {
fn drop(&mut self) {
Mem::wipe(self.0)
}
}
impl Deref for SecretKey {
type Target = [u8; SecretKey::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
impl DerefMut for SecretKey {
fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
&mut self.0
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct KeyPair {
pub pk: PublicKey,
pub sk: SecretKey,
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct Signature([u8; Signature::BYTES]);
impl fmt::Debug for Signature {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_fmt(format_args!("{:x?}", &self.0))
}
}
impl AsRef<[u8]> for Signature {
fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
&self.0
}
}
impl Signature {
pub const BYTES: usize = 64;
pub fn new(bytes: [u8; Signature::BYTES]) -> Self {
Signature(bytes)
}
pub fn from_slice(signature: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut signature_ = [0u8; Signature::BYTES];
if signature.len() != signature_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidSignature);
}
signature_.copy_from_slice(signature);
Ok(Signature::new(signature_))
}
}
impl Deref for Signature {
type Target = [u8; Signature::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct VerifyingState {
hasher: sha512::Hash,
signature: Signature,
a: GeP3,
}
impl Drop for VerifyingState {
fn drop(&mut self) {
Mem::wipe(self.signature.0);
}
}
impl VerifyingState {
fn new(pk: &PublicKey, signature: &Signature) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let r = &signature[0..32];
let s = &signature[32..64];
sc_reject_noncanonical(s)?;
if is_identity(pk) || pk.iter().fold(0, |acc, x| acc | x) == 0 {
return Err(Error::WeakPublicKey);
}
let a = match GeP3::from_bytes_negate_vartime(pk) {
Some(g) => g,
None => {
return Err(Error::InvalidPublicKey);
}
};
let mut hasher = sha512::Hash::new();
hasher.update(r);
hasher.update(&pk[..]);
Ok(VerifyingState {
hasher,
signature: *signature,
a,
})
}
pub fn absorb(&mut self, chunk: impl AsRef<[u8]>) {
self.hasher.update(chunk)
}
pub fn verify(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
let s = &self.signature[32..64];
let mut hash = self.hasher.finalize();
sc_reduce(&mut hash);
let r = GeP2::double_scalarmult_vartime(hash.as_ref(), self.a, s);
if r.to_bytes()
.as_ref()
.iter()
.zip(self.signature.iter())
.fold(0, |acc, (x, y)| acc | (x ^ y))
!= 0
{
Err(Error::SignatureMismatch)
} else {
Ok(())
}
}
}
impl PublicKey {
pub fn verify_incremental(&self, signature: &Signature) -> Result<VerifyingState, Error> {
VerifyingState::new(self, signature)
}
pub fn verify(&self, message: impl AsRef<[u8]>, signature: &Signature) -> Result<(), Error> {
let mut st = VerifyingState::new(self, signature)?;
st.absorb(message);
st.verify()
}
}
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct SigningState {
hasher: sha512::Hash,
az: [u8; 64],
nonce: [u8; 64],
}
impl Drop for SigningState {
fn drop(&mut self) {
Mem::wipe(self.az);
Mem::wipe(self.nonce);
}
}
impl SigningState {
fn new(nonce: [u8; 64], az: [u8; 64], pk_: &[u8]) -> Self {
let mut prefix: [u8; 64] = [0; 64];
let r = ge_scalarmult_base(&nonce[0..32]);
prefix[0..32].copy_from_slice(&r.to_bytes()[..]);
prefix[32..64].copy_from_slice(pk_);
let mut st = sha512::Hash::new();
st.update(prefix);
SigningState {
hasher: st,
nonce,
az,
}
}
pub fn absorb(&mut self, chunk: impl AsRef<[u8]>) {
self.hasher.update(chunk)
}
pub fn sign(&self) -> Signature {
let mut signature: [u8; 64] = [0; 64];
let r = ge_scalarmult_base(&self.nonce[0..32]);
signature[0..32].copy_from_slice(&r.to_bytes()[..]);
let mut hram = self.hasher.finalize();
sc_reduce(&mut hram);
sc_muladd(
&mut signature[32..64],
&hram[0..32],
&self.az[0..32],
&self.nonce[0..32],
);
Signature(signature)
}
}
impl SecretKey {
pub fn sign_incremental(&self, noise: Noise) -> SigningState {
let seed = &self[0..32];
let pk = &self[32..64];
let az: [u8; 64] = {
let mut hash_output = sha512::Hash::hash(seed);
hash_output[0] &= 248;
hash_output[31] &= 63;
hash_output[31] |= 64;
hash_output
};
let mut st = sha512::Hash::new();
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
{
let additional_noise = Noise::generate();
st.update(additional_noise.as_ref());
}
st.update(noise.as_ref());
st.update(seed);
let nonce = st.finalize();
SigningState::new(nonce, az, pk)
}
pub fn sign(&self, message: impl AsRef<[u8]>, noise: Option<Noise>) -> Signature {
let seed = &self[0..32];
let pk = &self[32..64];
let az: [u8; 64] = {
let mut hash_output = sha512::Hash::hash(seed);
hash_output[0] &= 248;
hash_output[31] &= 63;
hash_output[31] |= 64;
hash_output
};
let nonce = {
let mut hasher = sha512::Hash::new();
if let Some(noise) = noise {
hasher.update(&noise[..]);
hasher.update(&az[..]);
} else {
hasher.update(&az[32..64]);
}
hasher.update(&message);
let mut hash_output = hasher.finalize();
sc_reduce(&mut hash_output[0..64]);
hash_output
};
let mut st = SigningState::new(nonce, az, pk);
st.absorb(&message);
let signature = st.sign();
#[cfg(feature = "self-verify")]
{
PublicKey::from_slice(pk)
.expect("Key length changed")
.verify(message, &signature)
.expect("Newly created signature cannot be verified");
}
signature
}
}
impl KeyPair {
pub const BYTES: usize = SecretKey::BYTES;
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
pub fn generate() -> KeyPair {
KeyPair::from_seed(Seed::default())
}
pub fn from_seed(seed: Seed) -> KeyPair {
if seed.iter().fold(0, |acc, x| acc | x) == 0 {
panic!("All-zero seed");
}
let (scalar, _) = {
let hash_output = sha512::Hash::hash(&seed[..]);
KeyPair::split(&hash_output, false, true)
};
let pk = ge_scalarmult_base(&scalar).to_bytes();
let mut sk = [0u8; 64];
sk[0..32].copy_from_slice(&*seed);
sk[32..64].copy_from_slice(&pk);
KeyPair {
pk: PublicKey(pk),
sk: SecretKey(sk),
}
}
pub fn from_slice(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let sk = SecretKey::from_slice(bytes)?;
let pk = sk.public_key();
Ok(KeyPair { pk, sk })
}
pub fn clamp(scalar: &mut [u8]) {
scalar[0] &= 248;
scalar[31] &= 63;
scalar[31] |= 64;
}
pub fn split(bytes: &[u8; 64], reduce: bool, clamp: bool) -> ([u8; 32], [u8; 32]) {
let mut scalar = [0u8; 32];
scalar.copy_from_slice(&bytes[0..32]);
if clamp {
Self::clamp(&mut scalar);
}
if reduce {
sc_reduce32(&mut scalar);
}
let mut prefix = [0u8; 32];
prefix.copy_from_slice(&bytes[32..64]);
(scalar, prefix)
}
}
impl Deref for KeyPair {
type Target = [u8; KeyPair::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.sk
}
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct Noise([u8; Noise::BYTES]);
impl Noise {
pub const BYTES: usize = 16;
pub fn new(noise: [u8; Noise::BYTES]) -> Self {
Noise(noise)
}
pub fn from_slice(noise: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut noise_ = [0u8; Noise::BYTES];
if noise.len() != noise_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidSeed);
}
noise_.copy_from_slice(noise);
Ok(Noise::new(noise_))
}
}
impl Deref for Noise {
type Target = [u8; Noise::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
impl Default for Noise {
fn default() -> Self {
let mut noise = [0u8; Noise::BYTES];
getrandom::getrandom(&mut noise).expect("RNG failure");
Noise(noise)
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
impl Noise {
pub fn generate() -> Self {
Noise::default()
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "traits")]
mod ed25519_trait {
use ::ed25519::signature as ed25519_trait;
use super::{PublicKey, SecretKey, Signature};
impl ed25519_trait::Signature for Signature {
fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, ed25519_trait::Error> {
let mut bytes_ = [0u8; Signature::BYTES];
bytes_.copy_from_slice(bytes);
Ok(Signature::new(bytes_))
}
}
impl ed25519_trait::Signer<Signature> for SecretKey {
fn try_sign(&self, message: &[u8]) -> Result<Signature, ed25519_trait::Error> {
Ok(self.sign(message, None))
}
}
impl ed25519_trait::Verifier<Signature> for PublicKey {
fn verify(
&self,
message: &[u8],
signature: &Signature,
) -> Result<(), ed25519_trait::Error> {
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
{
self.verify(message, signature)
.map_err(|e| ed25519_trait::Error::from_source(e))
}
#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
{
self.verify(message, signature)
.map_err(|_| ed25519_trait::Error::new())
}
}
}
}
#[test]
fn test_ed25519() {
let kp = KeyPair::from_seed([42u8; 32].into());
let message = b"Hello, World!";
let signature = kp.sk.sign(message, None);
assert!(kp.pk.verify(message, &signature).is_ok());
assert!(kp.pk.verify(b"Hello, world!", &signature).is_err());
assert_eq!(
signature.as_ref(),
[
196, 182, 1, 15, 182, 182, 231, 166, 227, 62, 243, 85, 49, 174, 169, 9, 162, 196, 98,
104, 30, 81, 22, 38, 184, 136, 253, 128, 10, 160, 128, 105, 127, 130, 138, 164, 57, 86,
94, 160, 216, 85, 153, 139, 81, 100, 38, 124, 235, 210, 26, 95, 231, 90, 73, 206, 33,
216, 171, 15, 188, 181, 136, 7,
]
);
}
#[cfg(feature = "blind-keys")]
mod blind_keys {
use super::*;
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct Blind([u8; Blind::BYTES]);
impl From<[u8; 32]> for Blind {
fn from(blind: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
Blind(blind)
}
}
impl Blind {
pub const BYTES: usize = 32;
pub fn new(blind: [u8; Blind::BYTES]) -> Self {
Blind(blind)
}
pub fn from_slice(blind: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut blind_ = [0u8; Blind::BYTES];
if blind.len() != blind_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidBlind);
}
blind_.copy_from_slice(blind);
Ok(Blind::new(blind_))
}
}
impl Drop for Blind {
fn drop(&mut self) {
Mem::wipe(self.0)
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
impl Default for Blind {
fn default() -> Self {
let mut blind = [0u8; Blind::BYTES];
getrandom::getrandom(&mut blind).expect("RNG failure");
Blind(blind)
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "random")]
impl Blind {
pub fn generate() -> Self {
Blind::default()
}
}
impl Deref for Blind {
type Target = [u8; Blind::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
impl DerefMut for Blind {
fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
&mut self.0
}
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct BlindPublicKey([u8; PublicKey::BYTES]);
impl Deref for BlindPublicKey {
type Target = [u8; BlindPublicKey::BYTES];
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
&self.0
}
}
impl BlindPublicKey {
pub const BYTES: usize = PublicKey::BYTES;
pub fn new(bpk: [u8; PublicKey::BYTES]) -> Self {
BlindPublicKey(bpk)
}
pub fn from_slice(bpk: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let mut bpk_ = [0u8; PublicKey::BYTES];
if bpk.len() != bpk_.len() {
return Err(Error::InvalidPublicKey);
}
bpk_.copy_from_slice(bpk);
Ok(BlindPublicKey::new(bpk_))
}
pub fn unblind(&self, blind: &Blind, ctx: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Result<PublicKey, Error> {
let pk_p3 = GeP3::from_bytes_vartime(&self.0).ok_or(Error::InvalidPublicKey)?;
let mut hx = sha512::Hash::new();
hx.update(&blind[..]);
hx.update([0u8]);
hx.update(ctx.as_ref());
let hash_output = hx.finalize();
let (blind_factor, _) = KeyPair::split(&hash_output, true, false);
let inverse = sc_invert(&blind_factor);
Ok(PublicKey(ge_scalarmult(&inverse, &pk_p3).to_bytes()))
}
pub fn verify(
&self,
message: impl AsRef<[u8]>,
signature: &Signature,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
PublicKey::new(self.0).verify(message, signature)
}
}
impl From<PublicKey> for BlindPublicKey {
fn from(pk: PublicKey) -> Self {
BlindPublicKey(pk.0)
}
}
impl From<BlindPublicKey> for PublicKey {
fn from(bpk: BlindPublicKey) -> Self {
PublicKey(bpk.0)
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct BlindSecretKey {
pub prefix: [u8; 2 * Seed::BYTES],
pub blind_scalar: [u8; 32],
pub blind_pk: BlindPublicKey,
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
pub struct BlindKeyPair {
pub blind_pk: BlindPublicKey,
pub blind_sk: BlindSecretKey,
}
impl BlindSecretKey {
pub fn sign(&self, message: impl AsRef<[u8]>, noise: Option<Noise>) -> Signature {
let nonce = {
let mut hasher = sha512::Hash::new();
if let Some(noise) = noise {
hasher.update(&noise[..]);
hasher.update(self.prefix);
} else {
hasher.update(self.prefix);
}
hasher.update(&message);
let mut hash_output = hasher.finalize();
sc_reduce(&mut hash_output[0..64]);
hash_output
};
let mut signature: [u8; 64] = [0; 64];
let r = ge_scalarmult_base(&nonce[0..32]);
signature[0..32].copy_from_slice(&r.to_bytes()[..]);
signature[32..64].copy_from_slice(&self.blind_pk.0);
let mut hasher = sha512::Hash::new();
hasher.update(signature.as_ref());
hasher.update(&message);
let mut hram = hasher.finalize();
sc_reduce(&mut hram);
sc_muladd(
&mut signature[32..64],
&hram[0..32],
&self.blind_scalar,
&nonce[0..32],
);
let signature = Signature(signature);
#[cfg(feature = "self-verify")]
{
PublicKey::from_slice(&self.blind_pk.0)
.expect("Key length changed")
.verify(message, &signature)
.expect("Newly created signature cannot be verified");
}
signature
}
}
impl Drop for BlindSecretKey {
fn drop(&mut self) {
Mem::wipe(self.prefix);
Mem::wipe(self.blind_scalar);
}
}
impl PublicKey {
pub fn blind(&self, blind: &Blind, ctx: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Result<BlindPublicKey, Error> {
let (blind_factor, _prefix2) = {
let mut hx = sha512::Hash::new();
hx.update(&blind[..]);
hx.update([0u8]);
hx.update(ctx.as_ref());
let hash_output = hx.finalize();
KeyPair::split(&hash_output, true, false)
};
let pk_p3 = GeP3::from_bytes_vartime(&self.0).ok_or(Error::InvalidPublicKey)?;
Ok(BlindPublicKey(
ge_scalarmult(&blind_factor, &pk_p3).to_bytes(),
))
}
}
impl KeyPair {
pub fn blind(&self, blind: &Blind, ctx: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> BlindKeyPair {
let seed = self.sk.seed();
let (scalar, prefix1) = {
let hash_output = sha512::Hash::hash(&seed[..]);
KeyPair::split(&hash_output, false, true)
};
let (blind_factor, prefix2) = {
let mut hx = sha512::Hash::new();
hx.update(&blind[..]);
hx.update([0u8]);
hx.update(ctx.as_ref());
let hash_output = hx.finalize();
KeyPair::split(&hash_output, true, false)
};
let blind_scalar = sc_mul(&scalar, &blind_factor);
let blind_pk = ge_scalarmult_base(&blind_scalar).to_bytes();
let mut prefix = [0u8; 2 * Seed::BYTES];
prefix[0..32].copy_from_slice(&prefix1);
prefix[32..64].copy_from_slice(&prefix2);
let blind_pk = BlindPublicKey::new(blind_pk);
BlindKeyPair {
blind_pk,
blind_sk: BlindSecretKey {
prefix,
blind_scalar,
blind_pk,
},
}
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "blind-keys")]
pub use blind_keys::*;
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "blind-keys")]
fn test_blind_ed25519() {
use ct_codecs::{Decoder, Hex};
let kp = KeyPair::generate();
let blind = Blind::new([69u8; 32]);
let blind_kp = kp.blind(&blind, "ctx");
let message = b"Hello, World!";
let signature = blind_kp.blind_sk.sign(message, None);
assert!(blind_kp.blind_pk.verify(message, &signature).is_ok());
let recovered_pk = blind_kp.blind_pk.unblind(&blind, "ctx").unwrap();
assert!(recovered_pk == kp.pk);
let kp = KeyPair::from_seed(
Seed::from_slice(
&Hex::decode_to_vec(
"875532ab039b0a154161c284e19c74afa28d5bf5454e99284bbcffaa71eebf45",
None,
)
.unwrap(),
)
.unwrap(),
);
assert_eq!(
Hex::decode_to_vec(
"3b5983605b277cd44918410eb246bb52d83adfc806ccaa91a60b5b2011bc5973",
None
)
.unwrap(),
kp.pk.as_ref()
);
let blind = Blind::from_slice(
&Hex::decode_to_vec(
"c461e8595f0ac41d374f878613206704978115a226f60470ffd566e9e6ae73bf",
None,
)
.unwrap(),
)
.unwrap();
let blind_kp = kp.blind(&blind, "ctx");
assert_eq!(
Hex::decode_to_vec(
"246dcd43930b81d5e4d770db934a9fcd985b75fd014bc2a98b0aea02311c1836",
None
)
.unwrap(),
blind_kp.blind_pk.as_ref()
);
let message = Hex::decode_to_vec("68656c6c6f20776f726c64", None).unwrap();
let signature = blind_kp.blind_sk.sign(message, None);
assert_eq!(Hex::decode_to_vec("947bacfabc63448f8955dc20630e069e58f37b72bb433ae17f2fa904ea860b44deb761705a3cc2168a6673ee0b41ff7765c7a4896941eec6833c1689315acb0b",
None).unwrap(), signature.as_ref());
}
#[test]
fn test_streaming() {
let kp = KeyPair::generate();
let msg1 = "mes";
let msg2 = "sage";
let mut st = kp.sk.sign_incremental(Noise::default());
st.absorb(msg1);
st.absorb(msg2);
let signature = st.sign();
let msg1 = "mess";
let msg2 = "age";
let mut st = kp.pk.verify_incremental(&signature).unwrap();
st.absorb(msg1);
st.absorb(msg2);
assert!(st.verify().is_ok());
}