dpp-rules 0.4.0

//! SVHC concentration validation — REACH Art. 33 / ECHA SCIP.
//!
//! Cross-sector: applies to textiles, electronics, toys, construction, and more.
//! Kept here rather than under any single sector for that reason.

use alloc::{format, string::String, vec::Vec};

use super::cas::validate_cas_format;

/// REACH Art. 33 threshold: at or above this w/w concentration in a finished article,
/// the supplier must proactively communicate SVHC presence to downstream recipients.
pub const SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT: f64 = 0.1;

/// Embedded subset of the ECHA SVHC Candidate List (CAS numbers only).
///
/// Source: ECHA Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation —
/// <https://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table>
///
/// COMPLIANCE-PIN: Update on each ECHA Candidate List publication (typically June and
/// December each year). This list covers well-established entries across phthalates,
/// bisphenols, chromium(VI) compounds, cobalt, and key solvents/monomers. Newly added
/// SVHCs must be appended manually; newly removed SVHCs are extremely rare.
pub const ECHA_CANDIDATE_LIST: &[&str] = &[
    // ── Phthalates (reproductive toxicants) ──────────────────────────────────
    "117-81-7", // Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
    "84-74-2",  // Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
    "85-68-7",  // Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP)
    "84-69-5",  // Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
    // ── Bisphenols (endocrine disruptors) ────────────────────────────────────
    "80-05-7",  // Bisphenol A (BPA)
    "80-09-1",  // Bisphenol S (BPS)
    "620-92-8", // Bisphenol F (BPF)
    // ── Chromium(VI) compounds (carcinogens / reproductive toxicants) ────────
    "1333-82-0",  // Chromium trioxide
    "10588-01-9", // Sodium dichromate
    "7778-50-9",  // Potassium dichromate
    "7789-09-5",  // Ammonium dichromate
    "7789-06-2",  // Strontium chromate
    "7758-97-6",  // Lead chromate
    "18454-12-1", // Lead sulfochromate yellow (C.I. Pigment Yellow 34)
    "13530-65-9", // Zinc chromate
    // ── Cobalt compounds (carcinogens) ───────────────────────────────────────
    "7646-79-9", // Cobalt dichloride
    "7440-48-4", // Cobalt (metal)
    // ── Heavy metals (reproductive toxicants / carcinogens) ──────────────────
    "7439-92-1", // Lead
    "7440-43-9", // Cadmium
    // ── Antimony (carcinogen) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
    "1309-64-4", // Antimony trioxide
    // ── Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons — PBT / carcinogens ─────────────────
    "120-12-7", // Anthracene
    "91-20-3",  // Naphthalene
    // ── Chlorinated solvents (carcinogens) ───────────────────────────────────
    "79-01-6",  // Trichloroethylene
    "127-18-4", // Tetrachloroethylene (PERC)
    // ── Amides / formamides (reproductive toxicants) ─────────────────────────
    "75-12-7",  // Formamide
    "68-12-2",  // N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF)
    "127-19-5", // N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)
    "872-50-4", // N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
    // ── Other ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
    "79-06-1",   // Acrylamide (carcinogen + mutagenic)
    "1763-23-1", // Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) — PBT
];

/// Classification of an SVHC declaration relative to the ECHA candidate list
/// and the REACH Art. 33 concentration threshold.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum SvhcFindingKind {
    /// CAS is on the embedded candidate list and concentration ≥ [`SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT`].
    /// Proactive supplier communication obligation is active under REACH Art. 33.
    MustDeclare,
    /// CAS is on the embedded candidate list but concentration < [`SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT`].
    /// No Art. 33 obligation; entry is recorded for transparency.
    BelowThreshold,
    /// CAS is not present in the embedded candidate list.
    /// The substance may still be an SVHC if the list is outdated, or it may be
    /// misidentified. Warrants manual review.
    NotInEmbeddedList,
}

/// Semantic finding for one entry in an SVHC declaration.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct SvhcFinding<'a> {
    pub index: usize,
    pub cas_number: &'a str,
    pub substance_name: &'a str,
    pub concentration_pct: f64,
    pub kind: SvhcFindingKind,
}

/// A substance-of-very-high-concern entry for validation.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct SvhcInput<'a> {
    pub cas_number: &'a str,
    pub substance_name: &'a str,
    pub concentration_pct: f64,
}

/// Structural validation: non-empty CAS in valid format, non-empty name, finite
/// concentration in [0, 100].
///
/// An empty list is valid — it means the manufacturer checked and found no SVHCs.
pub fn validate_svhc_substances(substances: &[SvhcInput<'_>]) -> Result<(), String> {
    for (i, s) in substances.iter().enumerate() {
        if s.cas_number.is_empty() {
            return Err(format!(
                "svhc_substances[{i}]: cas_number must not be empty"
            ));
        }
        if let Err(e) = validate_cas_format(s.cas_number) {
            return Err(format!("svhc_substances[{i}]: invalid CAS number: {e}"));
        }
        if s.substance_name.is_empty() {
            return Err(format!(
                "svhc_substances[{i}]: substance_name must not be empty"
            ));
        }
        if !s.concentration_pct.is_finite()
            || s.concentration_pct < 0.0
            || s.concentration_pct > 100.0
        {
            return Err(format!(
                "svhc_substances[{i}]: concentration_pct must be a finite value in 0–100, got {}",
                s.concentration_pct
            ));
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

/// Semantic analysis: classify each declaration against [`ECHA_CANDIDATE_LIST`] and
/// the REACH Art. 33 threshold.
///
/// Returns one [`SvhcFinding`] per input entry. Always call [`validate_svhc_substances`]
/// first — this function skips structural checks and treats its inputs as well-formed.
pub fn check_svhc_declarations<'a>(substances: &[SvhcInput<'a>]) -> Vec<SvhcFinding<'a>> {
    substances
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .map(|(index, s)| {
            let kind = if !ECHA_CANDIDATE_LIST.contains(&s.cas_number) {
                SvhcFindingKind::NotInEmbeddedList
            } else if s.concentration_pct >= SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT {
                SvhcFindingKind::MustDeclare
            } else {
                SvhcFindingKind::BelowThreshold
            };
            SvhcFinding {
                index,
                cas_number: s.cas_number,
                substance_name: s.substance_name,
                concentration_pct: s.concentration_pct,
                kind,
            }
        })
        .collect()
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn bpa(pct: f64) -> SvhcInput<'static> {
        SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "80-05-7",
            substance_name: "Bisphenol A",
            concentration_pct: pct,
        }
    }

    // ── Structural validation ────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn svhc_valid_and_invalid() {
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[bpa(0.15)]).is_ok());
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[]).is_ok()); // empty = checked, none found

        let empty_cas = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "",
            substance_name: "x",
            concentration_pct: 0.5,
        };
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[empty_cas]).is_err());

        let bad_conc = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "80-05-7",
            substance_name: "x",
            concentration_pct: -1.0,
        };
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[bad_conc]).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn nan_concentration_rejected() {
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[bpa(f64::NAN)]).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn infinity_concentration_rejected() {
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[bpa(f64::INFINITY)]).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn malformed_cas_rejected_by_structural_validator() {
        // 80-05-8 has a wrong check digit (correct is 7).
        let bad = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "80-05-8",
            substance_name: "BPA wrong CAS",
            concentration_pct: 0.5,
        };
        let err = validate_svhc_substances(&[bad]).unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.contains("check digit"), "unexpected: {err}");
    }

    #[test]
    fn wrong_cas_format_rejected() {
        let bad = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "NOTACAS",
            substance_name: "X",
            concentration_pct: 0.1,
        };
        assert!(validate_svhc_substances(&[bad]).is_err());
    }

    // ── Candidate list + threshold semantics ─────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn bpa_above_threshold_is_must_declare() {
        let findings = check_svhc_declarations(&[bpa(0.15)]);
        assert_eq!(findings.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(findings[0].kind, SvhcFindingKind::MustDeclare);
    }

    #[test]
    fn bpa_below_threshold_is_informational() {
        let findings = check_svhc_declarations(&[bpa(0.05)]);
        assert_eq!(findings.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(findings[0].kind, SvhcFindingKind::BelowThreshold);
    }

    #[test]
    fn bpa_exactly_at_threshold_is_must_declare() {
        // Boundary: >= 0.1 triggers obligation.
        let findings = check_svhc_declarations(&[bpa(SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT)]);
        assert_eq!(findings[0].kind, SvhcFindingKind::MustDeclare);
    }

    #[test]
    fn unknown_cas_flagged_as_not_in_embedded_list() {
        // 7440-66-6 = Zinc — valid CAS format, not an SVHC.
        let zinc = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "7440-66-6",
            substance_name: "Zinc",
            concentration_pct: 5.0,
        };
        let findings = check_svhc_declarations(&[zinc]);
        assert_eq!(findings[0].kind, SvhcFindingKind::NotInEmbeddedList);
    }

    #[test]
    fn mixed_declarations_produce_correct_findings() {
        let above = bpa(0.2);
        let below = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "84-74-2",
            substance_name: "DBP",
            concentration_pct: 0.05,
        };
        let unknown = SvhcInput {
            cas_number: "7440-66-6",
            substance_name: "Zinc",
            concentration_pct: 5.0,
        };
        let findings = check_svhc_declarations(&[above, below, unknown]);
        assert_eq!(findings[0].kind, SvhcFindingKind::MustDeclare);
        assert_eq!(findings[1].kind, SvhcFindingKind::BelowThreshold);
        assert_eq!(findings[2].kind, SvhcFindingKind::NotInEmbeddedList);
        // Indices are preserved
        assert_eq!(findings[0].index, 0);
        assert_eq!(findings[1].index, 1);
        assert_eq!(findings[2].index, 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn threshold_constant_is_0_1_pct() {
        assert!(
            (SVHC_THRESHOLD_PCT - 0.1).abs() < f64::EPSILON,
            "REACH Art. 33 threshold must be exactly 0.1 % w/w"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn bpa_on_candidate_list() {
        assert!(
            ECHA_CANDIDATE_LIST.contains(&"80-05-7"),
            "BPA (80-05-7) must be on the embedded candidate list"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn all_embedded_cas_numbers_have_valid_format() {
        // Verifies that no data-entry error was made when compiling the candidate list.
        for &cas in ECHA_CANDIDATE_LIST {
            let s = [SvhcInput {
                cas_number: cas,
                substance_name: "test",
                concentration_pct: 0.5,
            }];
            assert!(
                validate_svhc_substances(&s).is_ok(),
                "embedded candidate list entry fails CAS format check: {cas}"
            );
        }
    }
}