dmidecode/

lib.rs

//! # DMIDECODE
//!
//! This library reports information about system's hardware as described in system BIOS according
//! to the SMBIOS/DMI standard. Each SMBIOS type refers to separate struct.
//!
//! SMBIOS specification defines the following data structures:
//! - [BIOS Information](structures::bios "structures::bios") (Type 0)
//! - [System Information](structures::system "structures::system") (Type 1)
//! - [Baseboard (or Module) Information](structures::baseboard "structures::baseboard") (Type 2)
//! - [System Enclosure or Chassis](structures::enclosure "structures::enclosure") (Type 3)
//! - [Processor Information](structures::processor "structures::processor") (Type 4)
//! - Memory Controller Information (Type 5, Obsolete)
//! - Memory Module Information (Type 6, Obsolete)
//! - [Cache Information](structures::cache "structures::cache") (Type 7)
//! - [Port Connector Information](structures::port_connector "structures::port_connector") (Type 8)
//! - [System Slots](structures::system_slots "structures::system_slots") (Type 9)
//! - On Board Devices Information (Type 10, Obsolete)
//! - [OEM Strings](structures::oem_strings "structures::oem_strings") (Type 11)
//! - [System Configuration Options](structures::system_configuration_options "structures::system_configuration_options") (Type 12)
//! - [BIOS Language Information](structures::bios_language "structures::bios_language") (Type 13)
//! - [Group Associations](structures::group_associations "structures::group_associations") (Type 14)
//! - [System Event Log](structures::system_event_log "structures::system_event_log") (Type 15)
//! - [Physical Memory Array](structures::physical_memory_array "structures::physical_memory_array") (Type 16)
//! - [Memory Device](structures::memory_device "structures::memory_device") (Type 17)
//! - [32-Bit Memory Error Information](structures::memory_error_32 "structures::memory_error_32") (Type 18)
//! - [Memory Array Mapped Address](structures::memory_array_mapped_address "structures::memory_array_mapped_address") (Type 19)
//! - [Memory Device Mapped Address](structures::memory_device_mapped_address
//! "structures::memory_device_mapped_address") (Type 20)
//! - [Built-in Pointing Device](structures::built_in_pointing_device
//! "structures::built_in_pointing_device") (Type 21)
//! - [Portable Battery](structures::portable_battery "structures::portable_battery") (Type 22)
//! - System Reset (Type 23)
//! - Hardware Security (Type 24)
//! - System Power Controls (Type 25)
//! - Voltage Probe (Type 26)
//! - Cooling Device (Type 27)
//! - Temperature Probe (Type 28)
//! - Electrical Current Probe (Type 29)
//! - Out-of-Band Remote Access (Type 30)
//! - Boot Integrity Services (BIS) Entry Point (Type 31)
//! - System Boot Information (Type 32)
//! - 64-Bit Memory Error Information (Type 33)
//! - Management Device (Type 34)
//! - Management Device Component (Type 35)
//! - Management Device Threshold Data (Type 36)
//! - Memory Channel (Type 37)
//! - IPMI Device Information (Type 38)
//! - System Power Supply (Type 39)
//! - Additional Information (Type 40)
//! - Onboard Devices Extended Information (Type 41)
//! - Management Controller Host Interface (Type 42)
//! - TPM Device (Type 43)
//! - Processor Additional Information (Type 44)
//! - Inactive (Type 126)
//! - End-of-Table (Type 127)

#![no_std]

#[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
#[macro_use]
extern crate std;
#[macro_use]
extern crate bitflags;
#[cfg(test)]
extern crate lazy_static;
#[cfg(test)]
extern crate pretty_assertions;

use core::array::TryFromSliceError;
use core::convert::TryInto;
use core::fmt;
use core::mem;
use core::str;

#[macro_export]
#[doc(hidden)]
macro_rules! let_as_struct {
    ($name:ident, $ty:ty, $data:expr) => {
        use core::ptr;
        let $name: $ty = unsafe { ptr::read($data.as_ptr() as *const _) };
    };
}

#[doc(hidden)]
macro_rules! lib_ensure {
    ($cond:expr, $e:expr) => {
        if !($cond) {
            return Err($e);
        }
    };
}

#[macro_use]
pub mod bitfield;

pub mod structures;
pub use structures::*;

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
enum EntryPointFormat {
    V2,
    V3,
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub enum EntryPoint {
    V2(EntryPointV2),
    V3(EntryPointV3),
}

impl EntryPoint {
    #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)]
    pub fn len(&self) -> u8 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.len,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.len,
        }
    }
    pub fn major(&self) -> u8 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.major,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.major,
        }
    }
    pub fn minor(&self) -> u8 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.minor,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.minor,
        }
    }
    pub fn revision(&self) -> u8 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.revision,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.revision,
        }
    }
    pub fn smbios_address(&self) -> u64 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.smbios_address as u64,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.smbios_address,
        }
    }
    pub fn smbios_len(&self) -> u32 {
        match self {
            EntryPoint::V2(point) => point.smbios_len as u32,
            EntryPoint::V3(point) => point.smbios_len_max,
        }
    }
    pub fn to_version(&self) -> SmbiosVersion {
        SmbiosVersion {
            major: self.major(),
            minor: self.minor(),
        }
    }

    /// Create an iterator across the SMBIOS structures found in `buffer`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # extern crate dmidecode;
    /// # use std::error::Error;
    /// use dmidecode::EntryPoint;
    /// # fn try_main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
    /// #
    /// const DMIDECODE_BIN: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/dmidecode.bin");
    ///
    /// let entry_point = EntryPoint::search(DMIDECODE_BIN)?;
    /// for s in entry_point.structures(&DMIDECODE_BIN[entry_point.smbios_address() as usize..]) {
    ///   let table = s?;
    /// }
    /// Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub fn structures<'buffer>(&self, buffer: &'buffer [u8]) -> Structures<'buffer> {
        Structures {
            smbios_version: self.to_version(),
            smbios_len: self.smbios_len(),
            idx: 0u32,
            buffer,
        }
    }

    /// Search for an instance of an SMBIOS `EntryPoint` in a memory `buffer`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # extern crate dmidecode;
    /// use dmidecode::EntryPoint;
    ///
    /// const ENTRY_BIN: &'static [u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/entry.bin");
    ///
    /// let entry_point = EntryPoint::search(ENTRY_BIN);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// If this function fails to find a valid SMBIOS `EntryPoint`, it will return
    /// an `InvalidEntryPointError` variant.
    pub fn search(buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<EntryPoint, InvalidEntryPointError> {
        find_signature(buffer)
            .ok_or(InvalidEntryPointError::NotFound)
            .and_then(|(kind, start)| {
                let sub_buffer = &buffer[start..];

                let entry_point = match kind {
                    EntryPointFormat::V2 => {
                        lib_ensure!(
                            sub_buffer.len() >= mem::size_of::<EntryPointV2>(),
                            InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(sub_buffer.len() as u8)
                        );
                        let_as_struct!(entry_point, EntryPointV2, sub_buffer);
                        lib_ensure!(
                            entry_point.len as usize >= mem::size_of::<EntryPointV2>(),
                            InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(entry_point.len)
                        );
                        EntryPoint::V2(entry_point)
                    }
                    EntryPointFormat::V3 => {
                        lib_ensure!(
                            sub_buffer.len() >= mem::size_of::<EntryPointV3>(),
                            InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(sub_buffer.len() as u8)
                        );
                        let_as_struct!(entry_point, EntryPointV3, sub_buffer);
                        lib_ensure!(
                            entry_point.len as usize >= mem::size_of::<EntryPointV3>(),
                            InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(entry_point.len)
                        );
                        EntryPoint::V3(entry_point)
                    }
                };

                lib_ensure!(
                    entry_point.major() >= 2,
                    InvalidEntryPointError::TooOldVersion(entry_point.major())
                );

                lib_ensure!(
                    sub_buffer.len() as u8 >= entry_point.len(),
                    InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(sub_buffer.len() as u8)
                );

                let mut sum = 0u8;
                for val in &sub_buffer[0..(entry_point.len() as usize)] {
                    sum = sum.wrapping_add(*val);
                }
                lib_ensure!(sum == 0, InvalidEntryPointError::BadChecksum(sum));

                Ok(entry_point)
            })
    }
}

///
/// An SMBIOSv2 `EntryPoint` structure.
///
/// The SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure is used to verify that a set of SMBIOS tables exist
/// in memory and what version of the SMBIOS specification should be used to
/// access the tables.
///
#[repr(C)]
#[repr(packed)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub struct EntryPointV2 {
    pub signature: u32,
    pub checksum: u8,
    pub len: u8,
    pub major: u8,
    pub minor: u8,
    pub struct_max: u16,
    pub revision: u8,
    pub formatted: [u8; 5],
    pub dmi_signature: [u8; 5],
    pub dmi_checksum: u8,
    pub smbios_len: u16,
    pub smbios_address: u32,
    pub smbios_count: u16,
    pub bcd_revision: u8,
}

///
/// An SMBIOSv3 `EntryPoint` structure.
///
#[repr(C)]
#[repr(packed)]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub struct EntryPointV3 {
    pub signature: [u8; 5],
    pub checksum: u8,
    pub len: u8,
    pub major: u8,
    pub minor: u8,
    pub docrev: u8,
    pub revision: u8,
    _reserved: u8,
    pub smbios_len_max: u32,
    pub smbios_address: u64,
}

/// The version number associated with the Smbios `EntryPoint`
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct SmbiosVersion {
    pub major: u8,
    pub minor: u8,
}

impl From<(usize, usize)> for SmbiosVersion {
    fn from(other: (usize, usize)) -> SmbiosVersion {
        SmbiosVersion {
            major: other.0 as u8,
            minor: other.1 as u8,
        }
    }
}

/// Failure type for trying to find the SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure in memory.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum InvalidEntryPointError {
    /// The SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure was not found in the memory buffer.
    NotFound,
    /// The SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure was versioned before 2.0.
    TooOldVersion(u8),
    /// The SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure was smaller than the size of the SMBIOS 2.1 structure.
    BadSize(u8),
    /// The SMBIOS `EntryPoint` structure had an invalid checksum.
    BadChecksum(u8),
}

impl fmt::Display for InvalidEntryPointError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            InvalidEntryPointError::NotFound => write!(f, "Input did not contain a valid SMBIOS entry point"),
            InvalidEntryPointError::TooOldVersion(version) => {
                write!(f, "Input version number was below 2.0: {}", version)
            }
            InvalidEntryPointError::BadSize(size) => {
                write!(f, "Input contained an invalid-sized SMBIOS entry: {}", size)
            }
            InvalidEntryPointError::BadChecksum(checksum) => {
                write!(f, "SMBIOS entry point has an invalid checksum: {}", checksum)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for InvalidEntryPointError {}

fn find_signature(buffer: &[u8]) -> Option<(EntryPointFormat, usize)> {
    static STRIDE: usize = 16;
    static V2_SIG: &[u8; 4] = &[0x5f, 0x53, 0x4d, 0x5f];
    static V3_SIG: &[u8; 5] = &[0x5f, 0x53, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x5f];

    for (idx, chunk) in buffer.chunks(STRIDE).enumerate() {
        if chunk.starts_with(V2_SIG) {
            return Some((EntryPointFormat::V2, idx * STRIDE));
        } else if chunk.starts_with(V3_SIG) {
            return Some((EntryPointFormat::V3, idx * STRIDE));
        }
    }

    None
}

/// An iterator that traverses the SMBIOS structure tables.
/// This struct is produced by the `structures` method on `EntryPoint`. See its documentation for more details.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub struct Structures<'buffer> {
    smbios_version: SmbiosVersion,
    smbios_len: u32,
    idx: u32,
    buffer: &'buffer [u8],
}

/// Variant structure for decoding the SMBIOS table types.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub enum Structure<'buffer> {
    Bios(Bios<'buffer>),
    System(System<'buffer>),
    BaseBoard(BaseBoard<'buffer>),
    Enclosure(Enclosure<'buffer>),
    Processor(Processor<'buffer>),
    Cache(Cache<'buffer>),
    PortConnector(PortConnector<'buffer>),
    SystemSlots(SystemSlots<'buffer>),
    OemStrings(OemStrings<'buffer>),
    SystemConfigurationOptions(SystemConfigurationOptions<'buffer>),
    BiosLanguage(BiosLanguage<'buffer>),
    GroupAssociations(GroupAssociations<'buffer>),
    SystemEventLog(SystemEventLog<'buffer>),
    MemoryDevice(MemoryDevice<'buffer>),
    MemoryError32(MemoryError32),
    MemoryArrayMappedAddress(MemoryArrayMappedAddress),
    MemoryDeviceMappedAddress(MemoryDeviceMappedAddress),
    BuiltInPointingDevice(BuiltInPointingDevice),
    PortableBattery(PortableBattery<'buffer>),
    PhysicalMemoryArray(PhysicalMemoryArray),
    Other(RawStructure<'buffer>),
}

/// Failure type for trying to decode the SMBIOS `Structures` iterator into the `Structure` variant type.

#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum MalformedStructureError {
    /// The SMBIOS structure exceeds the end of the memory buffer given to the `EntryPoint::structures` method.
    BadSize(u32, u8),
    /// The SMBIOS structure contains an unterminated strings section.
    UnterminatedStrings(u32),
    /// The SMBIOS structure contains an invalid string index.
    InvalidStringIndex(InfoType, u16, u8),
    /// This error returned when a conversion from a slice to an array fails.
    InvalidSlice(core::array::TryFromSliceError),
    /// The SMBIOS structure formatted section length does not correspond to SMBIOS reference
    /// specification
    InvalidFormattedSectionLength(InfoType, u16, &'static str, u8),
}

impl fmt::Display for MalformedStructureError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            MalformedStructureError::BadSize(offset, length) => {
                write!(
                    f,
                    "Structure at offset {} with length {} extends beyond SMBIOS",
                    offset, length
                )
            }
            MalformedStructureError::UnterminatedStrings(offset) => {
                write!(f, "Structure at offset {} with unterminated strings", offset)
            }
            MalformedStructureError::InvalidStringIndex(info_type, handle, index) => {
                write!(
                    f,
                    "Structure {:?} with handle {} has invalid string index {}",
                    info_type, handle, index
                )
            }
            MalformedStructureError::InvalidSlice(cause) => {
                write!(f, "{}", cause)
            }
            MalformedStructureError::InvalidFormattedSectionLength(info_type, handle, spec, length) => {
                write!(
                    f,
                    "Formatted section length of structure {:?} with handle {} should be {}{} bytes",
                    info_type, handle, spec, length
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for MalformedStructureError {
    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> {
        match self {
            MalformedStructureError::InvalidSlice(ref cause) => Some(cause),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
}

#[doc(hidden)]
/// Finds the final nul nul terminator of a buffer and returns the index of the final nul
fn find_nulnul(buf: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
    for i in 0..buf.len() {
        if i + 1 >= buf.len() {
            return None;
        }

        if buf[i] == 0 && buf[i + 1] == 0 {
            return Some(i + 1);
        }
    }

    None
}

impl<'buffer> Iterator for Structures<'buffer> {
    type Item = Result<Structure<'buffer>, MalformedStructureError>;

    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        let structure = match self.next_raw()? {
            Ok(s) => s,
            Err(e) => {
                // make any errors to get the raw structure stop
                // future iterations. This will avoid any nfinite
                // iterations when skipping errors
                self.smbios_len = self.idx;
                return Some(Err(e));
            }
        };

        /*
         * For SMBIOS v3 we have no exact table length and no item count,
         * so stop at the end-of-table marker.
         */
        if self.smbios_version.major >= 3 && structure.info == InfoType::End {
            self.smbios_len = self.idx;
        }

        Some(match structure.info {
            InfoType::Bios => Bios::try_from(structure).map(Structure::Bios),
            InfoType::System => System::try_from(structure).map(Structure::System),
            InfoType::BaseBoard => BaseBoard::try_from(structure).map(Structure::BaseBoard),
            InfoType::Enclosure => Enclosure::try_from(structure).map(Structure::Enclosure),
            InfoType::Processor => Processor::try_from(structure).map(Structure::Processor),
            InfoType::Cache => Cache::try_from(structure).map(Structure::Cache),
            InfoType::PortConnector => PortConnector::try_from(structure).map(Structure::PortConnector),
            InfoType::SystemSlots => SystemSlots::try_from(structure).map(Structure::SystemSlots),
            InfoType::OemStrings => OemStrings::try_from(structure).map(Structure::OemStrings),
            InfoType::SystemConfigurationOptions => {
                SystemConfigurationOptions::try_from(structure).map(Structure::SystemConfigurationOptions)
            }
            InfoType::BiosLanguage => BiosLanguage::try_from(structure).map(Structure::BiosLanguage),
            InfoType::GroupAssociations => GroupAssociations::try_from(structure).map(Structure::GroupAssociations),
            InfoType::SystemEventLog => SystemEventLog::try_from(structure).map(Structure::SystemEventLog),
            InfoType::PhysicalMemoryArray => {
                PhysicalMemoryArray::try_from(structure).map(Structure::PhysicalMemoryArray)
            }
            InfoType::MemoryDevice => MemoryDevice::try_from(structure).map(Structure::MemoryDevice),
            InfoType::MemoryError32 => MemoryError32::try_from(structure).map(Structure::MemoryError32),
            InfoType::MemoryArrayMappedAddress => {
                MemoryArrayMappedAddress::try_from(structure).map(Structure::MemoryArrayMappedAddress)
            }
            InfoType::MemoryDeviceMappedAddress => {
                MemoryDeviceMappedAddress::try_from(structure).map(Structure::MemoryDeviceMappedAddress)
            }
            InfoType::BuiltInPointingDevice => {
                BuiltInPointingDevice::try_from(structure).map(Structure::BuiltInPointingDevice)
            }
            InfoType::PortableBattery => PortableBattery::try_from(structure).map(Structure::PortableBattery),
            _ => Ok(Structure::Other(structure)),
        })
    }
}

impl<'buffer> Structures<'buffer> {
    fn next_raw(&mut self) -> Option<Result<RawStructure<'buffer>, MalformedStructureError>> {
        if (self.idx + mem::size_of::<HeaderPacked>() as u32) > self.smbios_len {
            return None;
        }

        let working = &self.buffer[(self.idx as usize)..];
        let_as_struct!(header, HeaderPacked, working);

        let strings_idx: u32 = self.idx + header.len as u32;
        if strings_idx >= self.smbios_len {
            return Some(Err(MalformedStructureError::BadSize(self.idx, header.len)));
        }

        let term = find_nulnul(&self.buffer[(strings_idx as usize)..]);
        let strings_len = match term {
            Some(terminator) => (terminator + 1) as u32,
            None => {
                return Some(Err(MalformedStructureError::UnterminatedStrings(self.idx)));
            }
        };

        let structure = RawStructure {
            version: self.smbios_version,
            info: header.kind.into(),
            length: header.len,
            handle: header.handle,
            data: &self.buffer[(self.idx + mem::size_of::<HeaderPacked>() as u32) as usize..strings_idx as usize],
            strings: &self.buffer[strings_idx as usize..(strings_idx + strings_len) as usize],
        };

        self.idx = strings_idx + strings_len;

        Some(Ok(structure))
    }
}

#[doc(hidden)]
#[repr(C)]
#[repr(packed)]
struct HeaderPacked {
    kind: u8,
    len: u8,
    handle: u16,
}

/// The raw SMBIOS structure information for structures that are not handled by this crate, such as Oem structures.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub struct RawStructure<'buffer> {
    pub version: SmbiosVersion,
    pub info: InfoType,
    pub length: u8,
    pub handle: u16,
    pub data: &'buffer [u8],
    strings: &'buffer [u8],
}

/// General trait for slice -> unsigned conversion
pub trait TryFromBytes<'a, T>: Sized {
    fn try_from_bytes(_: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError>;
}

impl<'a> TryFromBytes<'a, u8> for u8 {
    fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError> {
        bytes.try_into().map(u8::from_le_bytes)
    }
}
impl<'a> TryFromBytes<'a, u16> for u16 {
    fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError> {
        bytes.try_into().map(u16::from_le_bytes)
    }
}
impl<'a> TryFromBytes<'a, u32> for u32 {
    fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError> {
        bytes.try_into().map(u32::from_le_bytes)
    }
}
impl<'a> TryFromBytes<'a, u64> for u64 {
    fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError> {
        bytes.try_into().map(u64::from_le_bytes)
    }
}
impl<'a> TryFromBytes<'a, u128> for u128 {
    fn try_from_bytes(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, TryFromSliceError> {
        bytes.try_into().map(u128::from_le_bytes)
    }
}

impl<'buffer> RawStructure<'buffer> {
    /// Return an iterator over the strings in the strings table.
    fn strings(&self) -> StructureStrings<'buffer> {
        StructureStrings::new(self.strings)
    }

    /// Find a string in the strings table by the string index.
    /// If the string index is 0, the empty string is returned. Otherwise, the string corresponding
    /// to that string index in the strings table is returned.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Returns a `MalformedStructureError::InvalidStringIndex` if the index is outside of the strings table.
    pub fn find_string(&self, idx: u8) -> Result<&'buffer str, MalformedStructureError> {
        if idx == 0 {
            Ok("")
        } else {
            self.strings()
                .nth((idx - 1) as usize)
                .ok_or(MalformedStructureError::InvalidStringIndex(self.info, self.handle, idx))
        }
    }
    /// Get value by offset declared in SMBIOS Reference Specification.\
    /// Type meaning data length is mandatory:
    /// - *BYTE*: u8
    /// - *WORD*: u16
    /// - *DWORD*: u32
    /// - *QWORD*: u64
    ///
    /// The only error this method returned: [MalformedStructureError::InvalidSlice] (actually is
    /// [core::array::TryFromSliceError]). If getting value index exceedes length of *Formatted
    /// section* it may be ignored to return [None] value of structure field. In this case *Formatted
    /// section* length automatically hide non-existing values
    pub fn get<T: TryFromBytes<'buffer, T>>(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<T, MalformedStructureError> {
        // Ignore header
        let start = offset - 4;
        let size = core::mem::size_of::<T>();
        let slice = self.data.get(start..(start + size)).unwrap_or(&[]);
        TryFromBytes::try_from_bytes(slice).map_err(MalformedStructureError::InvalidSlice)
    }
    /// Wrapper to self.data.get(..) with header offset correction
    pub fn get_slice(&self, offset: usize, size: usize) -> Option<&'buffer [u8]> {
        self.data.get(offset - 4..offset - 4 + size)
    }
    /// Get *STRING* by offset declared in SMBIOS Reference Specification
    pub fn get_string(&self, offset: usize) -> Result<&'buffer str, MalformedStructureError> {
        self.get::<u8>(offset).and_then(|idx| self.find_string(idx))
    }
}

/// An iterator over structure strings
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub struct StructureStrings<'a> {
    bytes: &'a [u8],
    start: usize,
}

impl<'a> StructureStrings<'a> {
    fn new(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
        Self { bytes, start: 0 }
    }
}
impl<'a> Iterator for StructureStrings<'a> {
    type Item = &'a str;

    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        let slice = self
            .bytes
            .get(self.start..)?
            .split(|elm| *elm == 0)
            .nth(0)
            .filter(|slice| !slice.is_empty())?;
        self.start += slice.len() + 1;
        str::from_utf8(slice).ok()
    }
}

/// SMBIOS Table information variant
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
pub enum InfoType {
    Bios,
    System,
    BaseBoard,
    Enclosure,
    Processor,
    Cache,
    PortConnector,
    SystemSlots,
    OemStrings,
    SystemConfigurationOptions,
    GroupAssociations,
    SystemEventLog,
    BiosLanguage,
    PhysicalMemoryArray,
    MemoryDevice,
    MemoryError32,
    MemoryArrayMappedAddress,
    MemoryDeviceMappedAddress,
    BuiltInPointingDevice,
    PortableBattery,
    SystemBoot,
    Oem(u8),
    End,
}

impl From<u8> for InfoType {
    fn from(kind: u8) -> InfoType {
        match kind {
            0 => InfoType::Bios,
            1 => InfoType::System,
            2 => InfoType::BaseBoard,
            3 => InfoType::Enclosure,
            4 => InfoType::Processor,
            7 => InfoType::Cache,
            8 => InfoType::PortConnector,
            9 => InfoType::SystemSlots,
            11 => InfoType::OemStrings,
            12 => InfoType::SystemConfigurationOptions,
            13 => InfoType::BiosLanguage,
            14 => InfoType::GroupAssociations,
            15 => InfoType::SystemEventLog,
            16 => InfoType::PhysicalMemoryArray,
            17 => InfoType::MemoryDevice,
            18 => InfoType::MemoryError32,
            19 => InfoType::MemoryArrayMappedAddress,
            20 => InfoType::MemoryDeviceMappedAddress,
            21 => InfoType::BuiltInPointingDevice,
            22 => InfoType::PortableBattery,
            32 => InfoType::SystemBoot,
            127 => InfoType::End,
            t => InfoType::Oem(t),
        }
    }
}
impl fmt::Display for InfoType {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            InfoType::Bios => write!(f, "BIOS Information"),
            InfoType::System => write!(f, "System Information"),
            InfoType::BaseBoard => write!(f, "Baseboard (or Module) Information"),
            InfoType::Enclosure => write!(f, "System Enclosure or Chassis"),
            InfoType::Processor => write!(f, "Processor Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Memory Controller Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Memory Module Information"),
            InfoType::Cache => write!(f, "Cache Information"),
            InfoType::PortConnector => write!(f, "Port Connector Information"),
            InfoType::SystemSlots => write!(f, "System Slots"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "On Board Devices Information"),
            InfoType::OemStrings => write!(f, "OEM Strings"),
            InfoType::SystemConfigurationOptions => write!(f, "System Configuration Options"),
            InfoType::BiosLanguage => write!(f, "BIOS Language Information"),
            InfoType::GroupAssociations => write!(f, "Group Associations"),
            InfoType::SystemEventLog => write!(f, "System Event Log"),
            InfoType::PhysicalMemoryArray => write!(f, "Physical Memory Array"),
            InfoType::MemoryDevice => write!(f, "Memory Device"),
            InfoType::MemoryError32 => write!(f, "32-Bit Memory Error Information"),
            InfoType::MemoryArrayMappedAddress => write!(f, "Memory Array Mapped Address"),
            InfoType::MemoryDeviceMappedAddress => write!(f, "Memory Device Mapped Address"),
            InfoType::BuiltInPointingDevice => write!(f, "Built-in Pointing Device"),
            InfoType::PortableBattery => write!(f, "Portable Battery"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "System Reset"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Hardware Security"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "System Power Controls"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Voltage Probe"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Cooling Device"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Temperature Probe"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Electrical Current Probe"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Out-of-Band Remote Access"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Boot Integrity Services (BIS) Entry Point"),
            InfoType::SystemBoot => write!(f, "System Boot Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "64-Bit Memory Error Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Management Device"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Management Device Component"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Management Device Threshold Data"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Memory Channel"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "IPMI Device Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "System Power Supply"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Additional Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Onboard Devices Extended Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Management Controller Host Interface"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "TPM Device"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Processor Additional Information"),
            //InfoType::                          => write!(f, "Inactive"),
            InfoType::End => write!(f, "End-of-Table"),
            InfoType::Oem(t) => write!(f, "OEM: {}", t),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    const DMIDECODE_BIN: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/dmidecode.bin");
    const ENTRY_V2_BIN: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/entry.bin");
    const DMI_V2_BIN: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/dmi.bin");
    const ENTRY_V3_BIN: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/entry_v3.bin");
    const DMI_V3_BIN: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/dmi_v3.bin");
    const DMI_V3_SHORT: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/dmi_v3_short.bin");
    const ENTRY_V3_SHORT: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../tests/data/entry_v3_short.bin");

    #[test]
    fn found_smbios_entry() {
        EntryPoint::search(ENTRY_V2_BIN).unwrap();
        EntryPoint::search(DMIDECODE_BIN).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    fn found_smbios_entry_v3() {
        EntryPoint::search(ENTRY_V3_BIN).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn doesnt_find_smbios_entry() {
        EntryPoint::search(DMI_V2_BIN).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    fn found_signature() {
        find_signature(ENTRY_V2_BIN).unwrap();
        find_signature(ENTRY_V3_BIN).unwrap();
        find_signature(DMIDECODE_BIN).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn doesnt_find_signature() {
        find_signature(DMI_V2_BIN).unwrap();
        find_signature(DMI_V3_BIN).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    fn iterator_through_structures() {
        let entry_point = EntryPoint::search(DMIDECODE_BIN).unwrap();
        for s in entry_point
            .structures(&DMIDECODE_BIN[(entry_point.smbios_address() as usize)..])
            .filter_map(|s| s.ok())
        {
            println!("{:?}", s);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn iterator_through_structures_v3_short() {
        let entry_point = EntryPoint::search(ENTRY_V3_SHORT).unwrap();
        for s in entry_point.structures(DMI_V3_SHORT).filter_map(|s| s.ok()) {
            println!("{:?}", s);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn iterator_through_structures_v3() {
        let entry_point = EntryPoint::search(ENTRY_V3_BIN).unwrap();
        for s in entry_point.structures(DMI_V3_BIN).filter_map(|s| s.ok()) {
            println!("{:?}", s);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_nulnul_empty() {
        let buf = [];
        assert_eq!(find_nulnul(&buf), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_nulnul_single_char() {
        let buf = [0];
        assert_eq!(find_nulnul(&buf), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_nulnul_trivial() {
        let buf = [0, 0];
        assert_eq!(find_nulnul(&buf), Some(1));
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_nulnul_with_data() {
        let buf = [1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0];
        assert_eq!(find_nulnul(&buf), Some(11));
    }

    #[test]
    fn find_nulnul_with_data_more_at_end() {
        let buf = [1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3];
        assert_eq!(find_nulnul(&buf), Some(11));
    }

    #[test]
    fn structure_strings() {
        use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
        use std::prelude::v1::*;

        let regular_bytes = &[65, 66, 67, 0, 68, 69, 0, 70, 0, 71, 72, 73, 0, 0];
        let regular_ss = StructureStrings::new(regular_bytes).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(vec!["ABC", "DE", "F", "GHI"], regular_ss, "Regular bytes");

        let zero_bytes = &[0, 0];
        let zero_ss = StructureStrings::new(zero_bytes).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(vec![""; 0], zero_ss, "Zero bytes");

        let no_tail_bytes = &[65, 66, 67, 0, 68, 69, 0, 70, 0, 71, 72, 73];
        let no_tail_ss = StructureStrings::new(no_tail_bytes).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(vec!["ABC", "DE", "F", "GHI"], no_tail_ss, "Regular bytes");

        let invalid_order1_bytes = &[65, 66, 67, 0, 0, 68, 69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
        let invalid_order1_ss = StructureStrings::new(invalid_order1_bytes).collect::<Vec<_>>();
        assert_eq!(vec!["ABC"], invalid_order1_ss, "Invalid order 1 bytes");

        let invalid_order2_bytes = &[0, 0, 65, 66, 67];
        let invalid_order2_ss = StructureStrings::new(invalid_order2_bytes).collect::<Vec<&str>>();
        assert_eq!(vec![""; 0], invalid_order2_ss, "Invalid order 2 bytes");
    }
}