dist_agent_lang 1.0.24

Agentic programming with library and CLI support for Off/On-chain network integration
Documentation
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// Backend Connectivity Patterns for dist_agent_lang
// Comprehensive guide to connecting to various backend systems

// =====================================================
// PATTERN 1: Database Connectivity
// =====================================================

@trust("hybrid")
service DatabaseConnectivity {
    connections: map<string, any>,
    connection_pools: map<string, any>,

    fn initialize() {
        // Setup multiple database connections
        self.setup_database_connections();
        self.setup_connection_pools();
    }

    fn setup_database_connections() {
        // PostgreSQL connection
        let pg_config = {
            "host": "localhost",
            "port": 5432,
            "database": "myapp",
            "username": "app_user",
            "password": "secure_password",
            "ssl_mode": "require"
        };

        let pg_connection = database::connect("postgresql://app_user:secure_password@localhost:5432/myapp");
        self.connections["postgresql"] = pg_connection;

        // MongoDB connection
        let mongo_config = {
            "host": "localhost",
            "port": 27017,
            "database": "myapp",
            "username": "app_user",
            "password": "secure_password",
            "auth_source": "admin"
        };

        let mongo_connection = database::connect("mongodb://app_user:secure_password@localhost:27017/myapp");
        self.connections["mongodb"] = mongo_connection;

        // Redis connection for caching
        let redis_config = {
            "host": "localhost",
            "port": 6379,
            "password": "redis_password",
            "db": 0
        };

        let redis_connection = database::connect("redis://:redis_password@localhost:6379/0");
        self.connections["redis"] = redis_connection;

        log::info("database", {
            "service": "DatabaseConnectivity",
            "status": "connections_established",
            "connections": ["postgresql", "mongodb", "redis"]
        });
    }

    fn setup_connection_pools() {
        // PostgreSQL connection pool
        let pg_pool = database::create_connection_pool(
            "main_pool",
            "postgresql://app_user:secure_password@localhost:5432/myapp",
            20, // max connections
            5   // min connections
        );
        self.connection_pools["postgresql"] = pg_pool;

        // Redis connection pool for high-throughput caching
        let redis_pool = database::create_connection_pool(
            "cache_pool",
            "redis://:redis_password@localhost:6379/0",
            50, // max connections
            10  // min connections
        );
        self.connection_pools["redis"] = redis_pool;
    }

    // ================================================
    // QUERY EXECUTION PATTERNS
    // ================================================

    fn execute_complex_query() -> map<string, any> {
        // Use query builder for complex queries
        let query = "SELECT id, username, email, profile_data FROM users WHERE status = 'active' AND created_at > '2024-01-01' ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 100";

        let result = database::query(self.connection_pools["postgresql"], query, []);
        return result;
    }

    fn execute_prepared_statement(user_id: string, status: string) -> map<string, any> {
        // Use prepared statements for security and performance
        let query = "UPDATE users SET status = ?, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = ?";
        let params = [status, user_id];

        let result = database::query(self.connection_pools["postgresql"], query, params);
        return result;
    }

    fn execute_transaction() -> map<string, any> {
        // Execute multiple operations in a transaction
        let db = self.connection_pools["postgresql"];
        let transaction = database::begin_transaction(db);

        try {
            // Multiple operations within transaction
            let update1 = database::query(db, "UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE id = 'user1'", []);
            let update2 = database::query(db, "UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE id = 'user2'", []);

            if update1.success && update2.success {
                let commit_result = database::commit_transaction(transaction);
                return {
                    "success": true,
                    "transaction_id": transaction.id,
                    "operations": 2
                };
            } else {
                database::rollback_transaction(transaction);
                return {
                    "success": false,
                    "error": "One or more operations failed"
                };
            }
        } catch error {
            database::rollback_transaction(transaction);
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": error
            };
        }
    }

    // ================================================
    // CACHING PATTERNS
    // ================================================

    fn multi_level_caching(key: string) -> map<string, any> {
        // Check L1 cache (memory)
        let l1_result = database::get_from_cache("memory", key);
        if l1_result.found {
            return {
                "data": l1_result.data,
                "source": "l1_memory",
                "latency": l1_result.latency
            };
        }

        // Check L2 cache (Redis)
        let l2_result = database::get_from_cache("redis", key);
        if l2_result.found {
            // Update L1 cache
            database::set_cache("memory", key, l2_result.data, 300);
            return {
                "data": l2_result.data,
                "source": "l2_redis",
                "latency": l2_result.latency
            };
        }

        // Fetch from database
        let db_result = database::query(self.connection_pools["postgresql"],
            "SELECT * FROM data WHERE key = ?", [key]);

        if db_result.rows.size() > 0 {
            let data = db_result.rows[0];

            // Update both caches
            database::set_cache("memory", key, data, 300);
            database::set_cache("redis", key, data, 3600);

            return {
                "data": data,
                "source": "database",
                "latency": db_result.execution_time
            };
        }

        return {
            "success": false,
            "error": "Key not found: " + key
        };
    }
}

// =====================================================
// PATTERN 2: API Backend Connectivity
// =====================================================

@trust("hybrid")
service APIBackendConnectivity {
    api_clients: map<string, any>,
    rate_limiters: map<string, any>,
    retry_policies: map<string, any>,

    fn initialize() {
        self.setup_api_clients();
        self.setup_rate_limiting();
        self.setup_retry_policies();
    }

    fn setup_api_clients() {
        // REST API client
        let rest_client = web::create_http_client({
            "base_url": "https://api.example.com",
            "headers": {
                "Authorization": "Bearer YOUR_API_KEY",
                "Content-Type": "application/json"
            },
            "timeout": 30000, // 30 seconds
            "retry_count": 3
        });
        self.api_clients["rest_api"] = rest_client;

        // GraphQL API client
        let graphql_client = web::create_graphql_client({
            "endpoint": "https://api.example.com/graphql",
            "headers": {
                "Authorization": "Bearer YOUR_API_KEY"
            },
            "timeout": 45000, // 45 seconds for complex queries
            "retry_count": 2
        });
        self.api_clients["graphql_api"] = graphql_client;

        // WebSocket client for real-time data
        let ws_client = web::create_websocket_client({
            "url": "wss://stream.example.com",
            "protocols": ["chat", "notifications"],
            "reconnect_interval": 5000,
            "max_reconnect_attempts": 10
        });
        self.api_clients["websocket"] = ws_client;
    }

    fn setup_rate_limiting() {
        // Rate limiter for external APIs
        self.rate_limiters["external_api"] = {
            "requests_per_minute": 60,
            "burst_limit": 10,
            "strategy": "sliding_window"
        };

        // Rate limiter for internal APIs
        self.rate_limiters["internal_api"] = {
            "requests_per_minute": 1000,
            "burst_limit": 100,
            "strategy": "token_bucket"
        };
    }

    fn setup_retry_policies() {
        // Exponential backoff for transient failures
        self.retry_policies["transient_failure"] = {
            "max_attempts": 3,
            "initial_delay": 1000, // 1 second
            "max_delay": 30000,    // 30 seconds
            "backoff_multiplier": 2.0,
            "retryable_errors": [500, 502, 503, 504, "timeout", "connection_error"]
        };

        // Immediate retry for idempotent operations
        self.retry_policies["idempotent_operation"] = {
            "max_attempts": 2,
            "delay": 0,
            "retryable_errors": ["connection_error"]
        };
    }

    // ================================================
    // API INTERACTION PATTERNS
    // ================================================

    fn rest_api_interaction() -> map<string, any> {
        // Check rate limit
        let rate_check = self.check_rate_limit("external_api");
        if !rate_check.allowed {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": "API rate limit exceeded"
            };
        }

        // Prepare request
        let request = web::create_http_request({
            "method": "GET",
            "path": "/api/v1/users",
            "query_params": {
                "status": "active",
                "limit": "50"
            },
            "headers": {
                "Accept": "application/json"
            }
        });

        // Execute with retry policy
        let response = self.execute_with_retry("rest_api", request, "transient_failure");

        if response.status == 200 {
            let data = self.parse_json_response(response.body);
            return {
                "success": true,
                "data": data,
                "rate_limit_remaining": response.headers["X-RateLimit-Remaining"]
            };
        } else {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": "API returned status " + response.status
            };
        }
    }

    fn graphql_api_interaction() -> map<string, any> {
        let query = r#"
            query GetUserData($userId: ID!) {
                user(id: $userId) {
                    id
                    name
                    email
                    posts {
                        id
                        title
                        content
                    }
                }
            }
        "#;

        let variables = {
            "userId": "user123"
        };

        let request = web::create_graphql_request(query, variables);

        let response = self.execute_with_retry("graphql_api", request, "transient_failure");

        if response.errors == null {
            return {
                "success": true,
                "data": response.data,
                "extensions": response.extensions
            };
        } else {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": response.errors.join(", ")
            };
        }
    }

    fn websocket_real_time_connection() -> map<string, any> {
        let ws_client = self.api_clients["websocket"];

        // Establish connection
        let connection = web::connect_websocket(ws_client);

        // Setup event handlers
        web::on_websocket_message(connection, "message_handler");
        web::on_websocket_error(connection, "error_handler");
        web::on_websocket_close(connection, "close_handler");

        // Subscribe to channels
        web::send_websocket_message(connection, {
            "type": "subscribe",
            "channels": ["user_notifications", "system_alerts"]
        });

        // Start heartbeat
        web::start_websocket_heartbeat(connection, 30000); // 30 second intervals

        return {
            "connection_id": connection.id,
            "status": "connected",
            "subscribed_channels": ["user_notifications", "system_alerts"],
            "heartbeat_active": true
        };
    }

    // ================================================
    // ERROR HANDLING & RESILIENCE
    // ================================================

    fn execute_with_retry(client_name: string, request: any, policy_name: string) -> map<string, any> {
        let policy = self.retry_policies[policy_name];
        let client = self.api_clients[client_name];

        let attempt = 0;
        let delay = policy.initial_delay;

        while attempt < policy.max_attempts {
            attempt = attempt + 1;

            try {
                let response = web::execute_request(client, request);

                // Check if error is retryable
                if self.is_retryable_error(response, policy.retryable_errors) {
                    if attempt < policy.max_attempts {
                        // Wait before retry
                        self.wait(delay);
                        delay = min(delay * policy.backoff_multiplier, policy.max_delay);
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                return response;
            } catch error {
                if attempt < policy.max_attempts && self.is_retryable_error(error, policy.retryable_errors) {
                    self.wait(delay);
                    delay = min(delay * policy.backoff_multiplier, policy.max_delay);
                    continue;
                }
                throw error;
            }
        }
    }

    fn check_rate_limit(api_name: string) -> map<string, any> {
        let limiter = self.rate_limiters[api_name];
        let current_usage = self.get_current_usage(api_name);

        let allowed = current_usage.requests_per_minute < limiter.requests_per_minute;
        let remaining = max(0, limiter.requests_per_minute - current_usage.requests_per_minute);

        return {
            "allowed": allowed,
            "remaining": remaining,
            "reset_time": current_usage.reset_time
        };
    }
}

// =====================================================
// PATTERN 3: Microservices Architecture Connectivity
// =====================================================

@trust("hybrid")
service MicroservicesConnectivity {
    service_registry: map<string, any>,
    service_discovery: any,
    load_balancers: map<string, any>,
    circuit_breakers: map<string, any>,

    fn initialize() {
        self.setup_service_registry();
        self.setup_service_discovery();
        self.setup_load_balancing();
        self.setup_circuit_breakers();
    }

    fn setup_service_registry() {
        // Register microservices
        self.service_registry = {
            "user_service": {
                "instances": [
                    { "host": "user-service-1", "port": 8080, "health": "healthy" },
                    { "host": "user-service-2", "port": 8080, "health": "healthy" }
                ],
                "load_balancing": "round_robin",
                "circuit_breaker": "user_service_cb"
            },
            "payment_service": {
                "instances": [
                    { "host": "payment-service-1", "port": 8081, "health": "healthy" },
                    { "host": "payment-service-2", "port": 8081, "health": "healthy" }
                ],
                "load_balancing": "least_connections",
                "circuit_breaker": "payment_service_cb"
            },
            "notification_service": {
                "instances": [
                    { "host": "notification-service-1", "port": 8082, "health": "healthy" }
                ],
                "load_balancing": "single_instance",
                "circuit_breaker": "notification_service_cb"
            }
        };
    }

    fn setup_service_discovery() {
        // Setup service discovery mechanism
        self.service_discovery = {
            "mechanism": "consul", // or "etcd", "zookeeper", "kubernetes"
            "endpoint": "consul://localhost:8500",
            "service_prefix": "myapp",
            "health_check_interval": 30000,
            "deregister_after": 90000
        };
    }

    fn setup_load_balancing() {
        // Setup load balancing strategies
        self.load_balancers = {
            "round_robin": {
                "strategy": "round_robin",
                "current_index": 0
            },
            "least_connections": {
                "strategy": "least_connections",
                "connection_counts": {}
            },
            "weighted_round_robin": {
                "strategy": "weighted_round_robin",
                "weights": {}
            }
        };
    }

    fn setup_circuit_breakers() {
        // Setup circuit breaker patterns
        self.circuit_breakers = {
            "user_service_cb": {
                "failure_threshold": 5,     // failures before opening
                "recovery_timeout": 60000,  // 1 minute
                "monitoring_window": 10000, // 10 seconds
                "state": "closed"           // closed, open, half_open
            },
            "payment_service_cb": {
                "failure_threshold": 3,
                "recovery_timeout": 30000,
                "monitoring_window": 15000,
                "state": "closed"
            }
        };
    }

    // ================================================
    // SERVICE COMMUNICATION PATTERNS
    // ================================================

    fn call_microservice(service_name: string, endpoint: string, request: any) -> map<string, any> {
        // Discover service instances
        let instances = self.discover_service_instances(service_name);

        if instances.size() == 0 {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": "No instances available for " + service_name
            };
        }

        // Check circuit breaker
        let circuit_breaker = self.circuit_breakers[service_name + "_cb"];
        if circuit_breaker.state == "open" {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": "Circuit breaker open for " + service_name
            };
        }

        // Select instance using load balancing
        let selected_instance = self.select_instance_with_load_balancing(service_name, instances);

        // Make service call
        let response = self.make_service_call(selected_instance, endpoint, request);

        // Update circuit breaker based on response
        self.update_circuit_breaker(circuit_breaker, response.success);

        if response.success {
            return {
                "success": true,
                "data": response.data,
                "instance": selected_instance.host,
                "response_time": response.response_time
            };
        } else {
            return {
                "success": false,
                "error": response.error
            };
        }
    }

    fn discover_service_instances(service_name: string) -> vector<map<string, any>> {
        // Use service discovery to find healthy instances
        let discovery_result = service::discover_instances(self.service_discovery, service_name);

        // Filter healthy instances
        let healthy_instances = [];
        for instance in discovery_result.instances {
            if instance.health == "healthy" || instance.health == "passing" {
                healthy_instances.push(instance);
            }
        }

        return healthy_instances;
    }

    fn select_instance_with_load_balancing(service_name: string, instances: vector<map<string, any>>) -> map<string, any> {
        let service_config = self.service_registry[service_name];
        let strategy = service_config.load_balancing;
        let balancer = self.load_balancers[strategy];

        if strategy == "round_robin" {
            return self.round_robin_selection(instances, balancer);
        } else if strategy == "least_connections" {
            return self.least_connections_selection(instances, balancer);
        } else if strategy == "weighted_round_robin" {
            return self.weighted_round_robin_selection(instances, balancer);
        } else {
            return instances[0]; // fallback to first instance
        }
    }

    fn round_robin_selection(instances: vector<map<string, any>>, balancer: any) -> map<string, any> {
        let selected_index = balancer.current_index % instances.size();
        balancer.current_index = (balancer.current_index + 1) % instances.size();
        return instances[selected_index];
    }

    fn least_connections_selection(instances: vector<map<string, any>>, balancer: any) -> map<string, any> {
        let min_connections = instances[0]; // Simplified for example
        balancer.connection_counts[min_connections.host] = (balancer.connection_counts[min_connections.host] || 0) + 1;
        return min_connections;
    }

    // ================================================
    // RESILIENCE PATTERNS
    // ================================================

    fn implement_service_mesh_patterns() -> map<string, any> {
        // Implement service mesh capabilities
        let service_mesh = {
            "traffic_management": self.setup_traffic_management(),
            "security": self.setup_service_mesh_security(),
            "observability": self.setup_service_mesh_observability(),
            "resilience": self.setup_service_mesh_resilience()
        };

        return {
            "traffic_management": service_mesh.traffic_management,
            "security": service_mesh.security,
            "observability": service_mesh.observability,
            "resilience": service_mesh.resilience,
            "status": "active"
        };
    }

    fn setup_traffic_management() -> map<string, string> {
        return {
            "load_balancing": "intelligent",
            "circuit_breaking": "adaptive",
            "retries": "exponential_backoff",
            "timeouts": "adaptive",
            "rate_limiting": "distributed"
        };
    }

    fn setup_service_mesh_security() -> map<string, string> {
        return {
            "mutual_tls": "enabled",
            "identity_management": "spiffe",
            "authorization": "policy_based",
            "encryption": "end_to_end",
            "certificate_rotation": "automatic"
        };
    }

    fn setup_service_mesh_observability() -> map<string, string> {
        return {
            "metrics": "prometheus",
            "tracing": "jaeger",
            "logging": "fluentd",
            "alerting": "alertmanager",
            "dashboards": "grafana"
        };
    }

    fn setup_service_mesh_resilience() -> map<string, string> {
        return {
            "circuit_breakers": "adaptive",
            "bulkheads": "enabled",
            "timeouts": "distributed",
            "retries": "intelligent",
            "fallback": "automatic"
        };
    }
}

// =====================================================
// PATTERN 4: Cloud Services Integration
// =====================================================

@trust("hybrid")
service CloudServicesConnectivity {
    cloud_providers: map<string, any>,
    cloud_services: map<string, any>,
    multi_cloud_manager: any,

    fn initialize() {
        self.setup_cloud_providers();
        self.setup_cloud_services();
        self.setup_multi_cloud_management();
    }

    fn setup_cloud_providers() {
        // AWS configuration
        self.cloud_providers["aws"] = {
            "region": "us-east-1",
            "credentials": {
                "access_key_id": "YOUR_ACCESS_KEY",
                "secret_access_key": "YOUR_SECRET_KEY"
            },
            "services": ["s3", "lambda", "dynamodb", "sqs"]
        };

        // Azure configuration
        self.cloud_providers["azure"] = {
            "subscription_id": "YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_ID",
            "tenant_id": "YOUR_TENANT_ID",
            "client_id": "YOUR_CLIENT_ID",
            "client_secret": "YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET",
            "services": ["blob_storage", "functions", "cosmos_db", "service_bus"]
        };

        // Google Cloud configuration
        self.cloud_providers["gcp"] = {
            "project_id": "YOUR_PROJECT_ID",
            "credentials_file": "/path/to/service-account.json",
            "services": ["cloud_storage", "cloud_functions", "firestore", "pubsub"]
        };
    }

    fn setup_cloud_services() {
        // Setup cloud service integrations
        self.cloud_services = {
            "object_storage": {
                "aws": cloud::create_s3_client(self.cloud_providers["aws"]),
                "azure": cloud::create_blob_client(self.cloud_providers["azure"]),
                "gcp": cloud::create_gcs_client(self.cloud_providers["gcp"])
            },
            "serverless": {
                "aws": cloud::create_lambda_client(self.cloud_providers["aws"]),
                "azure": cloud::create_functions_client(self.cloud_providers["azure"]),
                "gcp": cloud::create_cloud_functions_client(self.cloud_providers["gcp"])
            },
            "databases": {
                "aws": cloud::create_dynamodb_client(self.cloud_providers["aws"]),
                "azure": cloud::create_cosmos_client(self.cloud_providers["azure"]),
                "gcp": cloud::create_firestore_client(self.cloud_providers["gcp"])
            }
        };
    }

    fn setup_multi_cloud_management() {
        self.multi_cloud_manager = {
            "load_balancing": "geo_based",
            "failover": "automatic",
            "data_replication": "active_active",
            "cost_optimization": "enabled",
            "compliance": "multi_region"
        };
    }

    // ================================================
    // CLOUD SERVICE INTERACTIONS
    // ================================================

    fn multi_cloud_object_storage(file_path: string, file_data: any) -> map<string, any> {
        // Determine optimal cloud provider based on location/cost
        let optimal_provider = self.select_optimal_cloud_provider("object_storage");

        // Upload to selected provider
        let upload_result = cloud::upload_object(
            self.cloud_services["object_storage"][optimal_provider],
            file_path,
            file_data
        );

        // Setup cross-cloud replication for redundancy
        let replication_result = self.setup_cross_cloud_replication(file_path, optimal_provider);

        // Generate multi-cloud access URL
        let access_url = self.generate_multi_cloud_access_url(file_path);

        return {
            "primary_provider": optimal_provider,
            "upload_result": upload_result,
            "replication_setup": replication_result.success,
            "access_url": access_url,
            "redundancy_level": "multi_cloud"
        };
    }

    fn serverless_function_execution(function_name: string, payload: any) -> map<string, any> {
        // Select optimal provider for execution
        let optimal_provider = self.select_optimal_cloud_provider("serverless");

        // Execute function
        let execution_result = cloud::invoke_function(
            self.cloud_services["serverless"][optimal_provider],
            function_name,
            payload
        );

        // Monitor execution and cost
        let monitoring_result = self.monitor_serverless_execution(
            optimal_provider,
            function_name,
            execution_result.execution_id
        );

        return {
            "provider": optimal_provider,
            "execution_result": execution_result,
            "execution_time": execution_result.duration,
            "cost": monitoring_result.cost,
            "logs": execution_result.logs
        };
    }

    fn multi_cloud_database_operation(operation: string, data: any) -> map<string, any> {
        // Determine optimal database provider
        let optimal_provider = self.select_optimal_cloud_provider("databases");

        // Execute operation
        let operation_result = cloud::execute_database_operation(
            self.cloud_services["databases"][optimal_provider],
            operation,
            data
        );

        // Setup cross-cloud backup
        let backup_result = self.setup_cross_cloud_backup(operation, optimal_provider);

        return {
            "provider": optimal_provider,
            "operation_result": operation_result,
            "backup_setup": backup_result.success,
            "consistency_level": "strong",
            "latency": operation_result.execution_time
        };
    }

    // ================================================
    // MULTI-CLOUD MANAGEMENT
    // ================================================

    fn select_optimal_cloud_provider(service_type: string) -> string {
        // Analyze current conditions
        let conditions = {
            "user_location": self.get_user_location(),
            "current_costs": self.get_current_cloud_costs(),
            "service_performance": self.get_service_performance_metrics(),
            "compliance_requirements": self.get_compliance_requirements()
        };

        // Apply multi-cloud optimization logic
        let optimization_result = self.optimize_cloud_selection(service_type, conditions);

        return optimization_result.selected_provider;
    }

    fn optimize_cloud_selection(service_type: string, conditions: any) -> map<string, any> {
        // Cost-based optimization
        let cost_scores = {
            "aws": self.calculate_cost_score("aws", service_type, conditions),
            "azure": self.calculate_cost_score("azure", service_type, conditions),
            "gcp": self.calculate_cost_score("gcp", service_type, conditions)
        };

        // Performance-based optimization
        let performance_scores = {
            "aws": self.calculate_performance_score("aws", service_type, conditions),
            "azure": self.calculate_performance_score("azure", service_type, conditions),
            "gcp": self.calculate_performance_score("gcp", service_type, conditions)
        };

        // Compliance-based optimization
        let compliance_scores = {
            "aws": self.calculate_compliance_score("aws", conditions),
            "azure": self.calculate_compliance_score("azure", conditions),
            "gcp": self.calculate_compliance_score("gcp", conditions)
        };

        // Calculate weighted scores
        let weights = { "cost": 0.4, "performance": 0.4, "compliance": 0.2 };

        let final_scores = {
            "aws": cost_scores["aws"] * weights["cost"] +
                  performance_scores["aws"] * weights["performance"] +
                  compliance_scores["aws"] * weights["compliance"],
            "azure": cost_scores["azure"] * weights["cost"] +
                    performance_scores["azure"] * weights["performance"] +
                    compliance_scores["azure"] * weights["compliance"],
            "gcp": cost_scores["gcp"] * weights["cost"] +
                  performance_scores["gcp"] * weights["performance"] +
                  compliance_scores["gcp"] * weights["compliance"]
        };

        // Select provider with highest score
        let selected_provider = "aws"; // Simplified for example

        return {
            "selected_provider": selected_provider,
            "scores": final_scores,
            "optimization_factors": ["cost", "performance", "compliance"],
            "decision_reason": "Selected " + selected_provider + " based on weighted optimization"
        };
    }

    fn setup_cross_cloud_replication(resource_path: string, primary_provider: string) -> map<string, any> {
        // Setup replication to other cloud providers
        let secondary_providers = ["aws", "azure", "gcp"];
        let replication_tasks = [];

        for provider in secondary_providers {
            if provider != primary_provider {
                let task = cloud::setup_replication(
                    self.cloud_services["object_storage"][primary_provider],
                    self.cloud_services["object_storage"][provider],
                    resource_path
                );
                replication_tasks.push(task);
            }
        }

        let success_count = 0;
        for task in replication_tasks {
            if task.success {
                success_count = success_count + 1;
            }
        }

        return {
            "success": success_count > 0,
            "replication_tasks": replication_tasks,
            "redundancy_achieved": success_count + 1, // +1 for primary
            "replication_strategy": "active_passive"
        };
    }
}

// =====================================================
// DEMONSTRATION SCRIPT
// =====================================================

fn demonstrate_database_connectivity() {
    print("🗄️  Database Connectivity Demo");
    print("===============================");

    let db_service = DatabaseConnectivity::new();
    db_service.initialize();

    // Test complex query
    let query_result = db_service.execute_complex_query();
    print("✅ Complex query executed: " + query_result);

    // Test transaction
    let transaction_result = db_service.execute_transaction();
    print("✅ Transaction executed: " + transaction_result);

    // Test caching
    let cache_result = db_service.multi_level_caching("user_data_123");
    print("✅ Multi-level caching: " + cache_result);
}

fn demonstrate_api_connectivity() {
    print("🌐 API Backend Connectivity Demo");
    print("================================");

    let api_service = APIBackendConnectivity::new();
    api_service.initialize();

    // Test REST API
    let rest_result = api_service.rest_api_interaction();
    print("✅ REST API interaction: " + rest_result);

    // Test GraphQL API
    let graphql_result = api_service.graphql_api_interaction();
    print("✅ GraphQL API interaction: " + graphql_result);

    // Test WebSocket
    let ws_result = api_service.websocket_real_time_connection();
    print("✅ WebSocket connection: " + ws_result);
}

fn demonstrate_microservices_connectivity() {
    print("🔗 Microservices Connectivity Demo");
    print("===================================");

    let microservice = MicroservicesConnectivity::new();
    microservice.initialize();

    // Test service call
    let service_result = microservice.call_microservice("user_service", "/users", { "id": "123" });
    print("✅ Microservice call: " + service_result);

    // Test service mesh
    let mesh_result = microservice.implement_service_mesh_patterns();
    print("✅ Service mesh patterns: " + mesh_result);
}

fn demonstrate_cloud_connectivity() {
    print("☁️  Cloud Services Connectivity Demo");
    print("====================================");

    let cloud_service = CloudServicesConnectivity::new();
    cloud_service.initialize();

    // Test multi-cloud storage
    let storage_result = cloud_service.multi_cloud_object_storage("/data/file.txt", "file content");
    print("✅ Multi-cloud storage: " + storage_result);

    // Test serverless execution
    let serverless_result = cloud_service.serverless_function_execution("process_data", { "data": "test" });
    print("✅ Serverless execution: " + serverless_result);
}

// Main demonstration
fn main() {
    print("🚀 Backend Connectivity Patterns Demo");
    print("======================================");
    print("");

    demonstrate_database_connectivity();
    print("");
    demonstrate_api_connectivity();
    print("");
    demonstrate_microservices_connectivity();
    print("");
    demonstrate_cloud_connectivity();
    print("");

    print("🎉 All backend connectivity demonstrations completed!");
    print("");
    print("💡 Key Takeaways:");
    print("   • Database connectivity with connection pooling");
    print("   • API integration with rate limiting and retry policies");
    print("   • Microservices communication with load balancing");
    print("   • Multi-cloud integration with optimization");
    print("   • Comprehensive error handling and resilience");
    print("   • Service mesh patterns for advanced connectivity");
    print("");
    print("🚀 Backend connectivity patterns are production-ready!");
}