dimpl 0.6.1

DTLS 1.2/1.3 implementation (Sans‑IO, Sync)
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
//! DTLS 1.3 application data tests.

use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

use dimpl::{Dtls, Output};

use crate::common::*;

#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_application_data_exchange() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    let client_data = b"Hello from DTLS 1.3 client!";
    let server_data = b"Hello from DTLS 1.3 server!";

    let mut client_connected = false;
    let mut server_connected = false;
    let mut client_received: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
    let mut server_received: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
    let mut client_sent = false;
    let mut server_sent = false;

    for _ in 0..50 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        if client_out.connected {
            client_connected = true;
        }
        if server_out.connected {
            server_connected = true;
        }

        // Collect received app data
        for data in client_out.app_data {
            client_received.extend_from_slice(&data);
        }
        for data in server_out.app_data {
            server_received.extend_from_slice(&data);
        }

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        // Send data once connected
        if client_connected && !client_sent {
            client
                .send_application_data(client_data)
                .expect("client send");
            client_sent = true;
        }
        if server_connected && !server_sent {
            server
                .send_application_data(server_data)
                .expect("server send");
            server_sent = true;
        }

        if !client_received.is_empty() && !server_received.is_empty() {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    assert!(client_connected, "Client should be connected");
    assert!(server_connected, "Server should be connected");
    assert_eq!(
        client_received, server_data,
        "Client should receive server's data"
    );
    assert_eq!(
        server_received, client_data,
        "Server should receive client's data"
    );
}

#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_multiple_application_data_messages() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // First complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Now send multiple messages
    let messages = vec![
        b"Message 1".to_vec(),
        b"Message 2".to_vec(),
        b"Message 3 is a bit longer".to_vec(),
        b"Message 4".to_vec(),
        b"Message 5 - the final one".to_vec(),
    ];

    for msg in &messages {
        client.send_application_data(msg).expect("client send");
    }

    let mut server_received: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();

    for _ in 0..20 {
        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);

        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);
        for data in server_out.app_data {
            server_received.push(data);
        }

        if server_received.len() >= messages.len() {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Flatten and compare
    let expected: Vec<u8> = messages.iter().flatten().copied().collect();
    let received: Vec<u8> = server_received.iter().flatten().copied().collect();

    assert_eq!(received, expected, "All messages should be received");
}

#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_bidirectional_data_exchange() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Exchange data in both directions simultaneously
    let rounds = 10;
    let mut client_received_count = 0;
    let mut server_received_count = 0;

    for i in 0..rounds {
        let client_msg = format!("Client message {}", i);
        let server_msg = format!("Server message {}", i);

        client
            .send_application_data(client_msg.as_bytes())
            .expect("client send");
        server
            .send_application_data(server_msg.as_bytes())
            .expect("server send");

        for _ in 0..10 {
            let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
            let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

            client_received_count += client_out.app_data.len();
            server_received_count += server_out.app_data.len();

            deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
            deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

            now += Duration::from_millis(5);
        }
    }

    assert_eq!(
        client_received_count, rounds,
        "Client should receive all server messages"
    );
    assert_eq!(
        server_received_count, rounds,
        "Server should receive all client messages"
    );
}

#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_many_small_messages() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Send many small messages
    let message_count = 100;
    for i in 0..message_count {
        let msg = format!("M{}", i);
        client.send_application_data(msg.as_bytes()).expect("send");
    }

    let mut received_bytes: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();

    for _ in 0..50 {
        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);

        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);
        for data in server_out.app_data {
            received_bytes.extend_from_slice(&data);
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Verify we received something
    assert!(
        !received_bytes.is_empty(),
        "Should receive application data"
    );
}

/// Test that application data queued before handshake completion is piggybacked
/// with the Finished message in the same packet.
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_piggybacks_app_data_with_finished() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);
    let mut client_connected = false;
    let mut server_connected = false;
    let mut server_received_early_data = false;
    let mut packets_after_finished_sent = 0;
    let mut finished_sent = false;

    // Queue application data immediately - before handshake starts
    // This should be piggybacked with the Finished message
    client
        .send_application_data(b"Early piggybacked data!")
        .expect("queue early data");
    eprintln!("Queued early application data before handshake");

    // Run handshake
    for round in 0..50 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        // Track when client becomes connected (Finished was sent)
        if client_out.connected && !finished_sent {
            finished_sent = true;
            eprintln!("Round {}: Client sent Finished (connected event)", round);
        }

        // Count packets sent after Finished
        if finished_sent && !server_received_early_data {
            packets_after_finished_sent += client_out.packets.len();
        }

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        // Check if server received the early data
        if !server_out.app_data.is_empty() {
            server_received_early_data = true;
            let received = String::from_utf8_lossy(&server_out.app_data[0]);
            eprintln!(
                "Round {}: Server received early data: '{}' (packets since Finished: {})",
                round, received, packets_after_finished_sent
            );
            assert_eq!(
                &server_out.app_data[0][..],
                b"Early piggybacked data!",
                "Should receive the queued early data"
            );
        }

        client_connected |= client_out.connected;
        server_connected |= server_out.connected;

        if client_connected && server_connected && server_received_early_data {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    assert!(client_connected, "Client should connect");
    assert!(server_connected, "Server should connect");
    assert!(
        server_received_early_data,
        "Server should receive piggybacked early data"
    );

    // The early data should arrive in the same round as the Finished message
    // (piggybacked in the same flight). packets_after_finished_sent counts packets
    // sent AFTER connected event, which should be 0 if piggybacked correctly
    // (the app data goes out with the Finished, not after)
    eprintln!(
        "SUCCESS: Early data was piggybacked. Packets after Finished sent: {}",
        packets_after_finished_sent
    );
}

/// Test that server can piggyback application data with its first response (Finished).
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_server_piggybacks_app_data_with_finished() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);
    let mut client_connected = false;
    let mut server_connected = false;
    let mut client_received_early_data = false;
    let mut server_finished_sent = false;
    let mut packets_after_server_finished = 0;

    // Queue application data on server immediately - before handshake starts
    // This should be piggybacked with the server's Finished message
    server
        .send_application_data(b"Server early piggybacked data!")
        .expect("queue server early data");
    eprintln!("Queued server early application data before handshake");

    // Run handshake
    for round in 0..50 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        // Server sends Finished before becoming "connected" (it waits for client's Finished)
        // We detect this by checking if server sent packets that contain encrypted data
        // before client is connected
        if !server_finished_sent && !server_out.packets.is_empty() && round > 0 {
            // After round 0 (ClientHello), if server sends packets it's likely ServerHello + Finished flight
            if round >= 1 {
                server_finished_sent = true;
                eprintln!("Round {}: Server sent its Finished flight", round);
            }
        }

        // Count packets sent after server Finished
        if server_finished_sent && !client_received_early_data {
            packets_after_server_finished += server_out.packets.len();
        }

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        // Check if client received the early data from server
        if !client_out.app_data.is_empty() {
            client_received_early_data = true;
            let received = String::from_utf8_lossy(&client_out.app_data[0]);
            eprintln!(
                "Round {}: Client received early data from server: '{}' (packets since server Finished: {})",
                round, received, packets_after_server_finished
            );
            assert_eq!(
                &client_out.app_data[0][..],
                b"Server early piggybacked data!",
                "Should receive the server's queued early data"
            );
        }

        client_connected |= client_out.connected;
        server_connected |= server_out.connected;

        if client_connected && server_connected && client_received_early_data {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    assert!(client_connected, "Client should connect");
    assert!(server_connected, "Server should connect");
    assert!(
        client_received_early_data,
        "Client should receive piggybacked early data from server"
    );

    eprintln!(
        "SUCCESS: Server early data was piggybacked. Packets after server Finished: {}",
        packets_after_server_finished
    );
}

/// Test that application data is cached when a handshake packet is lost,
/// and decrypted once the retransmission arrives.
///
/// Scenario:
/// 1. Server sends flight: ServerHello + Certificate + Finished + piggybacked app data
/// 2. One packet containing Certificate is dropped
/// 3. Client receives app data (epoch 3) but can't derive keys yet
/// 4. Client should cache/defer the app data
/// 5. Server retransmits the lost Certificate packet
/// 6. Client completes handshake and decrypts the cached app data
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_caches_app_data_when_handshake_packet_lost() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    // Use small MTU to ensure server flight is split into multiple packets
    let config = dtls13_config_with_mtu(200);

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);
    let mut client_connected = false;
    let mut server_connected = false;
    let mut client_received_app_data = false;
    let mut dropped_packet_round = None;
    let mut server_first_flight_sent = false;

    // Queue application data on server before handshake
    server
        .send_application_data(b"Cached then decrypted!")
        .expect("queue server app data");
    eprintln!("Queued server application data before handshake");

    // Run handshake with packet loss simulation
    for round in 0..100 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        // Deliver client packets to server (no loss)
        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);

        // For server's first flight (round 1), drop one of the middle packets
        // to simulate losing part of the Certificate
        if !server_first_flight_sent && server_out.packets.len() > 2 && round > 0 {
            server_first_flight_sent = true;
            let num_packets = server_out.packets.len();

            // Drop a middle packet (likely contains Certificate data)
            let drop_idx = num_packets / 2;
            dropped_packet_round = Some(round);
            eprintln!(
                "Round {}: DROPPING packet {} of {} (simulating Certificate loss)",
                round, drop_idx, num_packets
            );

            for (i, p) in server_out.packets.iter().enumerate() {
                if i != drop_idx {
                    let _ = client.handle_packet(p);
                }
            }
        } else {
            // Normal delivery for subsequent rounds (including retransmissions)
            if !server_out.packets.is_empty() && dropped_packet_round.is_some() {
                eprintln!(
                    "Round {}: Server sending {} packets (retransmission)",
                    round,
                    server_out.packets.len()
                );
            }
            deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);
        }

        // Check if client received the application data
        if !client_out.app_data.is_empty() {
            client_received_app_data = true;
            let received = String::from_utf8_lossy(&client_out.app_data[0]);
            eprintln!(
                "Round {}: Client received app data: '{}' (dropped packet was in round {:?})",
                round, received, dropped_packet_round
            );
            assert_eq!(
                &client_out.app_data[0][..],
                b"Cached then decrypted!",
                "Should receive the server's cached app data"
            );
        }

        client_connected |= client_out.connected;
        server_connected |= server_out.connected;

        if client_connected && server_connected && client_received_app_data {
            break;
        }

        // Advance time to trigger retransmission
        now += Duration::from_millis(100);
    }

    assert!(
        dropped_packet_round.is_some(),
        "Test should have dropped a packet"
    );
    assert!(
        client_connected,
        "Client should connect after retransmission"
    );
    assert!(server_connected, "Server should connect");
    assert!(
        client_received_app_data,
        "Client should receive cached app data after handshake completes"
    );

    eprintln!(
        "SUCCESS: App data was cached during handshake packet loss and decrypted after retransmission"
    );
}

/// Test that large application data (exceeding MTU) is sent and received intact.
///
/// With the default MTU of 1150, a 5000-byte message produces a single record
/// in an oversized datagram. The receiver must decrypt and deliver the full payload.
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_large_application_data() {
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    let config = dtls13_config();

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Build a 5000-byte payload (exceeds 1150 MTU)
    let large_data: Vec<u8> = (0..5000).map(|i| (i % 256) as u8).collect();

    client
        .send_application_data(&large_data)
        .expect("client send large data");

    // Poll with a buffer large enough for the oversized record
    let mut big_buf = vec![0u8; 8192];
    let mut server_received: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();

    for _ in 0..20 {
        // Drain client outputs: collect packets with large buffer
        let mut client_packets: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();
        loop {
            match client.poll_output(&mut big_buf) {
                Output::Packet(p) => client_packets.push(p.to_vec()),
                Output::Timeout(_) => break,
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        deliver_packets(&client_packets, &mut server);

        // Drain server outputs: collect app data with large buffer
        loop {
            match server.poll_output(&mut big_buf) {
                Output::ApplicationData(data) => {
                    server_received.extend_from_slice(data);
                }
                Output::Timeout(_) => break,
                _ => {}
            }
        }

        if !server_received.is_empty() {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    assert_eq!(
        server_received.len(),
        5000,
        "Server should receive all 5000 bytes"
    );
    assert_eq!(
        server_received, large_data,
        "Server should receive the exact large payload"
    );
}

/// Test that application data continues to work after a KeyUpdate.
///
/// Sets a very low AEAD encryption limit (5) so that sending 10 messages
/// triggers an automatic KeyUpdate. Then sends 5 more messages and verifies
/// all 15 are received, confirming data flows correctly on the new epoch keys.
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_data_after_key_update() {
    use dimpl::Config;
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    // Low AEAD limit triggers KeyUpdate after 5 encryptions (with jitter, ~4-5)
    let config = Arc::new(
        Config::builder()
            .aead_encryption_limit(5)
            .build()
            .expect("build config"),
    );

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    let total_messages = 15;
    let mut server_received: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();

    // Send messages one at a time, polling between each to allow KeyUpdate
    // handshake messages to flow and to avoid filling the TX queue
    for i in 0..total_messages {
        let msg = format!("Message {}", i);
        client
            .send_application_data(msg.as_bytes())
            .expect("client send");

        // Run several exchange rounds to let KeyUpdate complete
        for _ in 0..10 {
            client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
            server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

            let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
            let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

            for data in server_out.app_data {
                server_received.push(data);
            }

            deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
            deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

            now += Duration::from_millis(10);
        }
    }

    // Verify all messages received
    assert_eq!(
        server_received.len(),
        total_messages,
        "Server should receive all {} messages (got {})",
        total_messages,
        server_received.len()
    );

    for (i, data) in server_received.iter().enumerate() {
        let expected = format!("Message {}", i);
        assert_eq!(data, expected.as_bytes(), "Message {} should match", i);
    }
}

/// Test that the transmit queue returns an error (not a panic) when full.
///
/// After handshake, sends application data without polling outputs until
/// the transmit queue overflows. Verifies `Error::TransmitQueueFull` is returned.
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_queue_overflow_tx() {
    use dimpl::Config;
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    // Small TX queue to trigger overflow quickly
    let config = Arc::new(
        Config::builder()
            .max_queue_tx(3)
            .build()
            .expect("build config"),
    );

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Send messages WITHOUT polling outputs to fill the TX queue.
    // Use messages large enough that each one creates a new datagram
    // (exceeding MTU prevents coalescing into the same datagram).
    let big_msg = vec![0xAB; 1100];
    let mut overflow_error = false;

    for i in 0..50 {
        match client.send_application_data(&big_msg) {
            Ok(()) => {}
            Err(e) => {
                eprintln!("TX queue overflow at message {}: {}", i, e);
                assert!(
                    matches!(e, dimpl::Error::TransmitQueueFull),
                    "Expected TransmitQueueFull, got: {}",
                    e
                );
                overflow_error = true;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        overflow_error,
        "Should have received TransmitQueueFull error"
    );
}

/// Test that the receive queue drops packets gracefully when full.
///
/// After handshake, delivers more packets than `max_queue_rx` allows without
/// reading application data. Verifies `handle_packet` returns `ReceiveQueueFull`
/// (no panic).
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "rcgen")]
fn dtls13_queue_overflow_rx() {
    use dimpl::Config;
    use dimpl::certificate::generate_self_signed_certificate;

    let _ = env_logger::try_init();

    let client_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen client cert");
    let server_cert = generate_self_signed_certificate().expect("gen server cert");

    // Small RX queue to trigger overflow quickly
    let config = Arc::new(
        Config::builder()
            .max_queue_rx(5)
            .build()
            .expect("build config"),
    );

    let mut now = Instant::now();

    let mut client = Dtls::new_13(Arc::clone(&config), client_cert, now);
    client.set_active(true);

    let mut server = Dtls::new_13(config, server_cert, now);
    server.set_active(false);

    // Complete handshake
    for _ in 0..30 {
        client.handle_timeout(now).expect("client timeout");
        server.handle_timeout(now).expect("server timeout");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        let server_out = drain_outputs(&mut server);

        deliver_packets(&client_out.packets, &mut server);
        deliver_packets(&server_out.packets, &mut client);

        if client_out.connected && server_out.connected {
            break;
        }

        now += Duration::from_millis(10);
    }

    // Send many messages from client, collecting the wire packets
    let mut all_packets: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();

    for i in 0..20 {
        let msg = format!("Overflow msg {}", i);
        client
            .send_application_data(msg.as_bytes())
            .expect("client send");

        let client_out = drain_outputs(&mut client);
        all_packets.extend(client_out.packets);
    }

    // Deliver all packets to server WITHOUT draining its outputs.
    // The server's RX queue (max 5) should eventually reject packets.
    let mut overflow_error = false;

    for (i, packet) in all_packets.iter().enumerate() {
        match server.handle_packet(packet) {
            Ok(()) => {}
            Err(e) => {
                eprintln!("RX queue overflow at packet {}: {}", i, e);
                assert!(
                    matches!(e, dimpl::Error::ReceiveQueueFull),
                    "Expected ReceiveQueueFull, got: {}",
                    e
                );
                overflow_error = true;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        overflow_error,
        "Should have received ReceiveQueueFull error"
    );
}