deeb 0.0.8

An ACID compliant JSON embeddable database built in Rust.
Documentation
# Deeb - JSON Database

Call it “Deeb,” “D-b,” or “That Cool JSON Thing”—this ACID Compliant database
is perfect for tiny sites and rapid experiments.

Inspired by flexibility of Mongo and light weight of SqLite, Deeb is a tool
that turns a set of JSON files into a light weight database.

Deeb's ability to turn groups JSON files into a database allows you to simply
open a json file and edit as needed.

Check out the quick start below, or the [docs](https://docs.rs/deeb/latest/deeb/)
to learn more.

## Quick Start

1. Add Deeb to your `Cargo.toml` file

```bash
cargo add deeb
```

2. Optionally, Create a JSON file for your database. Deeb will also create one for you if it does not exist.

```bash
echo '{"user": []}' > user.json
echo '{"comment": []}' > comment.json
```

**Terminology**
- Instance: A single .json file managed by Deeb. Each instance can store multiple entities and serves as a lightweight, self-contained database.
- Collection: Similar to a table (SQL) or collection (MongoDB), an array of entity documents of a consistent type within an instance.
- Entity: The `type` of document within a collection, for example User or Comment.
- Document: An individual record representing an entity. Documents are stored as JSON objects and represent a single unit of data (e.g., a user, message, or task).

3. Create a deeb instance and perform operations.

```rust
use deeb::*;
use serde_json::json;
use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
use anyhow::Error;

#[derive(Collection, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[deeb(
    name = "user",
    primary_key = "id",
    associate = ("comment", "id", "user_id", "user_comment"),
    )]
struct User {
    id: i32,
    name: String,
    age: i32
}

#[derive(Collection, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[deeb(name = "comment", primary_key = "id")]
struct Comment {
    user_id: i32,
    comment: String
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
   // Create Entities
   let user = User::entity();
   let comment = Comment::entity();

    // Set up a new Deeb instance
   let db = Deeb::new();
   db.add_instance("test", "./user.json", vec![user.clone()])
    .await?;
   db.add_instance("test2", "./comment.json", vec![comment.clone()])
    .await?;

   // Single Operations
   User::insert(&db, User {id: 1, name: "George".to_string(), age: 10}, None).await?;
   User::find_one(&db, Query::eq("name", "George"), None).await?;

   // Perform a transaction
   let mut transaction = db.begin_transaction().await;

   User::insert(&db, User {id: 1, name: "Steve".to_string(), age: 3}, Some(&mut transaction)).await?;
   User::insert(&db, User {id: 2, name: "Johnny".to_string(), age: 3}, Some(&mut transaction)).await?;
   Comment::insert_many(
          &db,
          vec![
              Comment {
                  user_id: 1,
                  comment: "Hello".to_string(),
              },
              Comment {
                  user_id: 1,
                  comment: "Hi".to_string(),
              },
          ],
          Some(&mut transaction),
      )
      .await?;

   // Update the database
   // Define a struct to make updates consistent.
   #[derive(Serialize)]
    struct UpdateUser {
        name: Option<String>,
        age: Option<i32>
    }
   let query = Query::eq("name", "Steve");
   let update = UpdateUser { age: Some(5), name: None };
   User::update_one(&db, query, update, Some(&mut transaction)).await?;

   // Delete from the database
   let query = Query::eq("name", "Johnny");
   User::delete_one(&db, query, Some(&mut transaction)).await?;

   db.commit(&mut transaction).await?;

   Ok(())
}
```

## Features

- **ACID Compliant**: Deeb is an ACID compliant database. We get close as we can for a light weight JSON based DB.
- **JSON-Based Storage**: Deeb uses lightweight JSON files as the underlying data store, providing human-readable structure and seamless integration with any system that speaks JSON.
- **Schemaless**: Deeb doesn't require a predefined schema like traditional SQL or strongly-typed NoSQL databases. However, by using Rust generics, you can enforce type safety at compile time. This means Deeb stays flexible at runtime, while giving you confidence at build time.
- **Transactions**: Perform multiple operations as a single unit — commit them all at once or roll them back if something fails.
- **Querying**: Deeb supports querying, nested queries, and combination queries.

## Roadmap

- [x] Basic CRUD Operations
- [x] Transactions
- [ ] Indexing
- [x] Querying
- [ ] Migrations
- [x] Benchmarks
- [x] Associations
- [x] Documentation
- [x] Tests
- [x] Examples
- [ ] Logging
- [ ] Error Handling
- [ ] Improve Transactions - Should return updated object instead of Option<T>
- [x] Implement traits and proc macros to streamline usage - `User.find_many(...)`


## Deeb

### Operations

- `insert`: [Insert]deeb::Deeb::insert a new document into the database
- `find_one`: [Find]deeb::Deeb::find_one a single document in the database
- `find_many`: [Find multiple]deeb::Deeb::find_many documents in the database
- `update_one`: [Update a single]deeb::Deeb::update_one document in the database
- `update_many`: [Update multiple]deeb::Deeb::update_many documents in the database
- `delete_one`: [Delete a single]deeb::Deeb::delete_one document in the database
- `delete_many`: [Delete multiple]deeb::Deeb::delete_many documents in the database

### Queries

- `eq`: [Equal]database::query::Query::eq - Find documents based on exact match.
- `like`: [Like]database::query::Query::like - Find documents based on like match.
- `ne`: [Not Equal]database::query::Query::ne - Find documents based on not equal match.
- `gt`: [Greater Than]database::query::Query::gt - Find documents based on greater than match.
- `lt`: [Less Than]database::query::Query::lt - Find documents based on less than match.
- `gte`: [Greater Than or Equal]database::query::Query::gte - Find documents based on greater than or equal match.
- `lte`: [Less Than or Equal]database::query::Query::lte - Find documents based on less than or equal match.
- `and`: [And]database::query::Query::and - Find documents based on multiple conditions.
- `or`: [Or]database::query::Query::or - Find documents based on multiple conditions.
- `all`: [All]database::query::Query::all - Return all documents.
- `associated`: [Associated]database::query::Query::associated - Find documents based on association.

### Transactions

- `begin_transaction`: [Begin]deeb::Deeb::begin_transaction a new transaction
- `commit`: [Commit]deeb::Deeb::commit a transaction

### Data Management

- `add_key` : [Add a new key]deeb::Deeb::add_key to every document in a collection 
- `drop_key` : [Drop a key]deeb::Deeb::drop_key from every document in a collection