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cuckoo_clock/
config.rs

1//! This module provides configuration types for [`crate::CuckooFilter`].
2
3use std::{
4    fmt::Display,
5    hash::RandomState,
6    num::{NonZeroU32, NonZeroUsize},
7    ops::{Add, Deref, DerefMut},
8};
9
10use crate::{CuckooFilter, data_block::DataBlockFieldConfiguration};
11
12/// Error type for all configuration options.
13#[derive(Debug)]
14pub enum ConfigError {
15    /// Error due to requesting buckets that are too big to represent (requiring over [`usize::MAX`]
16    /// bytes).
17    BucketTooBig,
18    /// Error due to requesting more than 32 bits for any of the fields (fingerprint or associated
19    /// field).
20    BitCountTooHigh,
21    /// Error due to requesting 0 bits for a field. If a field is enabled, it should take up at
22    /// least 1 bit.
23    BitCountTooLow,
24}
25
26impl Display for ConfigError {
27    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
28        match self {
29            ConfigError::BucketTooBig => {
30                f.write_str("Filter configuration requires buckets that are too big!")
31            }
32            ConfigError::BitCountTooHigh => f.write_str(&format!(
33                "Bit count is too high! Max is {}.",
34                BitCount::MAX.0
35            )),
36            ConfigError::BitCountTooLow => {
37                f.write_str(&format!("Bit count too low! Min is {}.", BitCount::MIN.0))
38            }
39        }
40    }
41}
42
43impl std::error::Error for ConfigError {
44    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> {
45        None
46    }
47}
48
49/// Builder for [`CuckooConfiguration`].
50///
51/// New instance can be created using [`CuckooConfiguration::builder`].
52///
53/// # Examples
54///
55/// ```
56/// use cuckoo_clock::config::CuckooConfiguration;
57/// let builder = CuckooConfiguration::builder(100_000);
58/// ```
59pub struct CuckooConfigurationBuilder {
60    pub(crate) fingerprint_bits: BitCount,
61    pub(crate) bucket_size: NonZeroUsize,
62    pub(crate) max_entries: usize,
63    pub(crate) max_kicks: usize,
64    pub(crate) lru: Option<LruConfig>,
65    pub(crate) ttl: Option<TtlConfig>,
66    pub(crate) counter: Option<CounterConfig>,
67}
68
69impl CuckooConfigurationBuilder {
70    /// Sets the number of bits used for fingerprint. Higher number of bits should result in less
71    /// collisions, which should result in a lower false positive rate, at the cost of increased
72    /// memory usage.
73    #[must_use]
74    pub const fn fingerprint_bits(mut self, bits: BitCount) -> Self {
75        self.fingerprint_bits = bits;
76        self
77    }
78
79    /// Sets the number of buckets to hold in a bucket. Larger buckets improve filter occupancy
80    /// (space utilization), but they also require larger fingerprints to retain the same false
81    /// positive rate.
82    ///
83    /// 5.1. Optimal bucket size in [the original paper] describes this relation.
84    ///
85    /// [the original paper]: https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dga/papers/cuckoo-conext2014.pdf
86    #[must_use]
87    pub const fn bucket_size(mut self, size: NonZeroUsize) -> Self {
88        self.bucket_size = size;
89        self
90    }
91
92    /// Maximum number of kicks to perform if all requested slots are occupied when inserting new
93    /// items. Items will be evicted and moved to their alternate slots until no more evictions are
94    /// required or maximum number of kicks is reached.
95    ///
96    /// If the maximum number of kicks is reached, one item will be lost from the filter.
97    ///
98    /// Increasing this number will increase filter occupancy at the cost of insertion speed.
99    #[must_use]
100    pub const fn max_kicks(mut self, kicks: usize) -> Self {
101        self.max_kicks = kicks;
102        self
103    }
104
105    /// Enables LRU eviction for the filter. Kicks will no longer be performed randomly and will
106    /// always target least recently used items, until either no more evictions are required, max
107    /// number of kicks was reached or the kicked item is to be moved in a bucket with all slots
108    /// occupied by more used items.
109    ///
110    /// When LRU is used, [`crate::CuckooFilter::scan_and_update_full`] should be called
111    /// periodically, to age LRU for all items. It is up to the caller to schedule this process.
112    /// More frequent scans will result in faster aging LRU for all items, requiring item to be
113    /// used more frequently to outlive other items.
114    #[must_use]
115    pub const fn with_lru(mut self, lru: LruConfig) -> Self {
116        self.lru = Some(lru);
117        self
118    }
119
120    /// Enables TTL for items in the filter. TTL will be used to expire items from the filter when
121    /// [`crate::CuckooFilter::scan_and_update_full`] is called.
122    ///
123    /// When TTL is used, [`crate::CuckooFilter::scan_and_update_full`] should be called
124    /// periodically, to age TTL for all items. It is up to the caller to schedule this process.
125    /// More frequent scans will result in lower TTL for all items.
126    #[must_use]
127    pub const fn with_ttl(mut self, ttl: TtlConfig) -> Self {
128        self.ttl = Some(ttl);
129        self
130    }
131
132    /// Enables counter for items in the filter. Counter is just provided as a value that can be
133    /// read when accessing items. It is increased on every access (and can be controlled
134    /// directly).
135    #[must_use]
136    pub const fn with_counter(mut self, counter: CounterConfig) -> Self {
137        self.counter = Some(counter);
138        self
139    }
140
141    /// Validates and builds the configuration.
142    ///
143    /// # Errors
144    ///
145    /// [`ConfigError::BucketTooBig`] if requests buckets are too big to represent with [`usize::MAX`].
146    /// Bucket size is defined as [`Self::bucket_size`] * item bits (sum of all fields bits,
147    /// rounded to byte).
148    pub fn build(&self) -> Result<CuckooConfiguration, ConfigError> {
149        let required_bucket_count = self.max_entries.div_ceil(self.bucket_size.get());
150        let bucket_count = required_bucket_count.next_power_of_two();
151        let ttl_start = *self.fingerprint_bits
152            + if let Some(LruConfig { counter_bits, .. }) = self.lru {
153                *counter_bits
154            } else {
155                0
156            };
157        let counter_start = ttl_start
158            + if let Some(TtlConfig { ttl_bits, .. }) = self.ttl {
159                *ttl_bits
160            } else {
161                0
162            };
163
164        // Sum of bits will never reach the size of `usize`, so no need to do checked adds
165        let mut data_block_size = *self.fingerprint_bits;
166        if let Some(LruConfig { counter_bits, .. }) = self.lru {
167            data_block_size += *counter_bits;
168        }
169        if let Some(TtlConfig { ttl_bits, .. }) = self.ttl {
170            data_block_size += *ttl_bits;
171        }
172        if let Some(CounterConfig { counter_bits, .. }) = self.counter {
173            data_block_size += *counter_bits;
174        }
175        data_block_size = data_block_size.div_ceil(8);
176        Ok(CuckooConfiguration {
177            bucket_size: self.bucket_size.get(),
178            max_kicks: self.max_kicks,
179
180            fingerprint_field_config: DataBlockFieldConfiguration::new(0..*self.fingerprint_bits),
181            lru_field_config: self.lru.clone().map(|lru| {
182                (
183                    lru,
184                    DataBlockFieldConfiguration::new(
185                        *self.fingerprint_bits
186                            ..*self.fingerprint_bits
187                                + self
188                                    .lru
189                                    .as_ref()
190                                    .map(|l| l.counter_bits)
191                                    .unwrap_or(BitCount(0)),
192                    ),
193                )
194            }),
195            ttl_field_config: self.ttl.clone().map(|ttl| {
196                (
197                    ttl,
198                    DataBlockFieldConfiguration::new(
199                        ttl_start
200                            ..ttl_start
201                                + *self.ttl.as_ref().map(|t| t.ttl_bits).unwrap_or(BitCount(0)),
202                    ),
203                )
204            }),
205            counter_field_config: self.counter.clone().map(|counter| {
206                (
207                    counter,
208                    DataBlockFieldConfiguration::new(
209                        counter_start
210                            ..counter_start
211                                + *self
212                                    .counter
213                                    .as_ref()
214                                    .map(|c| c.counter_bits)
215                                    .unwrap_or(BitCount(0)),
216                    ),
217                )
218            }),
219            data_block_size,
220            bucket_byte_size: self
221                .bucket_size
222                .get()
223                .checked_mul(data_block_size)
224                .ok_or(ConfigError::BucketTooBig)?,
225            bucket_count,
226            #[expect(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
227            buckets_mask: (bucket_count - 1) as u32,
228        })
229    }
230}
231
232/// Strategy to use when aging LRU counter on scans.
233#[derive(Clone, Default, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
234#[repr(u8)]
235pub enum LruAgingStrategy {
236    /// Halving the counter value each scan. Useful to age the items more quickly.
237    #[default]
238    Halving,
239    /// Reduces the counter by a fixed amount each scan.
240    Decrement(u32),
241}
242
243impl LruAgingStrategy {
244    pub(crate) const fn age_value(&self, value: u32) -> u32 {
245        match self {
246            LruAgingStrategy::Halving => value >> 1,
247            LruAgingStrategy::Decrement(dec) => value.saturating_sub(*dec),
248        }
249    }
250}
251
252/// Configuration for the LRU field.
253///
254/// Used to define memory used by the LRU field, also affecting its maximum value.
255///
256/// # Examples
257///
258/// ```
259/// use cuckoo_clock::config::LruConfig;
260///
261/// let ttl_config = LruConfig {
262///     counter_bits: 5.try_into()?,
263///     ..Default::default()
264/// };
265/// # Ok::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>(())
266/// ```
267#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
268pub struct LruConfig {
269    /// Number of bits used to represent the LRU counter.
270    /// Larger bit counts allow more values to be represented, allowing items to "accumulate"
271    /// higher use counts, which will take longer to age.
272    pub counter_bits: BitCount,
273    /// The strategy to use when aging LRU counters.
274    pub aging_strategy: LruAgingStrategy,
275    /// The starting value for LRU counter to use.
276    pub starting_value: u32,
277    /// If set to true, items that already have a 0 counter value will be removed at scan time.
278    pub remove_on_zero: bool,
279    /// Increment to add to LRU counter on each insert and lookup.
280    pub increment: u32,
281}
282
283impl Default for LruConfig {
284    fn default() -> Self {
285        Self {
286            counter_bits: BitCount(8),
287            aging_strategy: LruAgingStrategy::default(),
288            starting_value: 1,
289            remove_on_zero: false,
290            increment: 1,
291        }
292    }
293}
294
295/// Configuration for the TTL field.
296///
297/// Used to define memory used by the TTL field and the default value.
298///
299/// # Examples
300///
301/// ```
302/// use cuckoo_clock::config::TtlConfig;
303///
304/// let ttl_config = TtlConfig {
305///     ttl: 100.try_into()?,
306///     ttl_bits: 7.try_into()?
307/// };
308/// # Ok::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>(())
309/// ```
310#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
311pub struct TtlConfig {
312    /// The default TTL counter value for newly inserted items. The actual lifetime duration will
313    /// be defined by this value combined with the frequency of calls to
314    /// [`crate::CuckooFilter::scan_and_update_full`]. Each call to
315    /// [`crate::CuckooFilter::scan_and_update_full`] will reduce the counter by 1, until it
316    /// reaches 0, when the item is removed.
317    pub ttl: NonZeroU32,
318    /// Number of bits used to represent the TTL counter.
319    /// Larget bit counts allow higher TTL to be represented.
320    pub ttl_bits: BitCount,
321}
322
323/// Configuration for the generic counter field.
324///
325/// Used to define memory used by the generic counter field, also affecting its maximum value.
326///
327/// # Examples
328///
329/// ```
330/// use cuckoo_clock::config::CounterConfig;
331///
332/// let ttl_config = CounterConfig {
333///     counter_bits: 5.try_into()?,
334///     ..Default::default()
335/// };
336/// # Ok::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>(())
337/// ```
338#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
339pub struct CounterConfig {
340    /// How many bits are used to represent the generic counter.
341    /// Larget bit counts allow higher counter values to be represented.
342    pub counter_bits: BitCount,
343    /// Diff to apply to counter on each insert.
344    pub change_on_insert: i32,
345    /// Diff to apply to counter on each lookup.
346    pub change_on_lookup: i32,
347}
348
349impl Default for CounterConfig {
350    fn default() -> Self {
351        Self {
352            counter_bits: BitCount(4),
353            change_on_insert: 1,
354            change_on_lookup: 1,
355        }
356    }
357}
358
359/// Configuration for the [`crate::CuckooFilter`].
360///
361/// Used to define main cuckoo filter parameters (capacity, bucket size, fingeprint size,
362/// max kicks), as well as additional features (TTL, LRU, generic counter).
363///
364/// Create a new instance using [`CuckooConfiguration::builder`].
365///
366/// # Examples
367///
368/// ```
369/// use cuckoo_clock::config::CuckooConfiguration;
370///
371/// let config = CuckooConfiguration::builder(100_000)
372///     .fingerprint_bits(14.try_into()?)
373///     .bucket_size(4.try_into()?)
374///     .max_kicks(8)
375///     .build()?;
376/// # Ok::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>(())
377/// ```
378///
379/// ```
380/// use cuckoo_clock::config::{CuckooConfiguration, TtlConfig, LruConfig};
381///
382/// let config = CuckooConfiguration::builder(100_000)
383///     .fingerprint_bits(14.try_into()?)
384///     .with_ttl(TtlConfig {
385///         ttl: 10.try_into()?,
386///         ttl_bits: 4.try_into()?
387///     })
388///     .with_lru(LruConfig {
389///         counter_bits: 6.try_into()?,
390///         ..Default::default()
391///     })
392///     .bucket_size(4.try_into()?)
393///     .max_kicks(8)
394///     .build()?;
395/// # Ok::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>(())
396/// ```
397#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
398pub struct CuckooConfiguration {
399    pub(crate) bucket_size: usize,
400    pub(crate) max_kicks: usize,
401
402    pub(crate) fingerprint_field_config: DataBlockFieldConfiguration,
403    pub(crate) lru_field_config: Option<(LruConfig, DataBlockFieldConfiguration)>,
404    pub(crate) counter_field_config: Option<(CounterConfig, DataBlockFieldConfiguration)>,
405    pub(crate) ttl_field_config: Option<(TtlConfig, DataBlockFieldConfiguration)>,
406    pub(crate) data_block_size: usize,
407    pub(crate) bucket_byte_size: usize,
408    pub(crate) bucket_count: usize,
409    pub(crate) buckets_mask: u32,
410}
411
412impl CuckooConfiguration {
413    /// Creates a new instance of [`CuckooConfigurationBuilder`] with provided maximum number of
414    /// entries.
415    #[must_use]
416    pub const fn builder(max_entries: usize) -> CuckooConfigurationBuilder {
417        CuckooConfigurationBuilder {
418            fingerprint_bits: BitCount(8),
419            #[expect(clippy::expect_used)]
420            bucket_size: NonZeroUsize::new(4).expect("4 != 0"),
421            max_entries,
422            max_kicks: 500,
423            lru: None,
424            ttl: None,
425            counter: None,
426        }
427    }
428
429    /// Returns the memory usage of filter that would be created from this configuration in bytes.
430    #[must_use]
431    pub const fn get_configured_memory_usage(&self) -> usize {
432        CuckooFilter::<RandomState>::get_expected_memory_usage(
433            self.bucket_byte_size,
434            self.bucket_count,
435        )
436    }
437
438    /// Checks whether this and other configuration have a compatible layout.
439    ///
440    /// If this is true, filter exported by the other configuration can be imported and used with this
441    /// configuration. The only compatible configuration changes are generally ones that don't
442    /// affect size or count of the buckets and items.
443    #[must_use]
444    pub fn compatible_layout(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
445        if self.bucket_size != other.bucket_size {
446            return false;
447        }
448        if self.bucket_count != other.bucket_count {
449            return false;
450        }
451        if self.buckets_mask != other.buckets_mask {
452            return false;
453        }
454        if self.bucket_byte_size != other.bucket_byte_size {
455            return false;
456        }
457        if self.data_block_size != other.data_block_size {
458            return false;
459        }
460        if self.fingerprint_field_config != other.fingerprint_field_config {
461            return false;
462        }
463        if !Self::field_compatible(&self.lru_field_config, &other.lru_field_config) {
464            return false;
465        }
466        if !Self::field_compatible(&self.counter_field_config, &other.counter_field_config) {
467            return false;
468        }
469        if !Self::field_compatible(&self.ttl_field_config, &other.ttl_field_config) {
470            return false;
471        }
472        true
473    }
474
475    /// Returns the configured bucket size.
476    #[must_use]
477    pub const fn bucket_size(&self) -> usize {
478        self.bucket_size
479    }
480
481    /// Returns the configured max kicks.
482    #[must_use]
483    pub const fn max_kicks(&self) -> usize {
484        self.max_kicks
485    }
486
487    /// Returns the LRU configuration, if available.
488    #[must_use]
489    pub fn lru_config(&self) -> Option<LruConfig> {
490        self.lru_field_config
491            .as_ref()
492            .map(|(lru, _field)| lru.clone())
493    }
494
495    /// Returns the TTL configuration, if available.
496    #[must_use]
497    pub fn ttl_config(&self) -> Option<TtlConfig> {
498        self.ttl_field_config
499            .as_ref()
500            .map(|(ttl, _field)| ttl.clone())
501    }
502
503    /// Returns the counter configuration, if available.
504    #[must_use]
505    pub fn counter_config(&self) -> Option<CounterConfig> {
506        self.counter_field_config
507            .as_ref()
508            .map(|(counter, _field)| counter.clone())
509    }
510
511    /// Returns the actual bucket count for this [`CuckooConfiguration`].
512    ///
513    /// Bucket count is calculated as first next power of two of capacity / bucket_size.
514    /// This means that the actual capacity of the filter is usually bigger than the requested
515    /// capacity.
516    #[must_use]
517    pub const fn get_bucket_count(&self) -> usize {
518        self.bucket_count
519    }
520
521    fn field_compatible<T>(
522        self_field: &Option<(T, DataBlockFieldConfiguration)>,
523        other_field: &Option<(T, DataBlockFieldConfiguration)>,
524    ) -> bool {
525        match (self_field, other_field) {
526            (None, Some(_)) | (Some(_), None) => false,
527            (None, None) => true,
528            (Some((_, self_field_config)), Some((_, other_field_config))) => {
529                self_field_config == other_field_config
530            }
531        }
532    }
533}
534
535/// Number of bits. Used to define sizes of the fields.
536///
537/// This value is limited by [`BitCount::MIN`] and [`BitCount::MAX`] and can only be created using
538/// the [`TryFrom`] trait, to ensure the bit count is validated.
539///
540/// # Examples
541///
542/// ```
543/// use cuckoo_clock::config::BitCount;
544///
545/// let bit_count: BitCount = 8.try_into().unwrap();
546/// let bit_count_max: BitCount = 32.try_into().unwrap();
547/// let bit_count_min: BitCount = 1.try_into().unwrap();
548/// ```
549///
550/// ```should_panic
551/// use cuckoo_clock::config::BitCount;
552///
553/// let bit_count: BitCount = 0.try_into().unwrap();
554/// ```
555///
556/// ```should_panic
557/// use cuckoo_clock::config::BitCount;
558///
559/// let bit_count: BitCount = 40.try_into().unwrap();
560/// ```
561#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
562pub struct BitCount(usize);
563
564impl BitCount {
565    /// Maximum allowed value for [`BitCount`]
566    pub const MAX: BitCount = BitCount(32);
567    /// Minimum allowed value for [`BitCount`]
568    pub const MIN: BitCount = BitCount(1);
569}
570
571impl Deref for BitCount {
572    type Target = usize;
573
574    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
575        &self.0
576    }
577}
578
579impl DerefMut for BitCount {
580    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
581        &mut self.0
582    }
583}
584
585impl TryFrom<usize> for BitCount {
586    type Error = ConfigError;
587
588    fn try_from(value: usize) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
589        if value > Self::MAX.0 {
590            return Err(ConfigError::BitCountTooHigh);
591        }
592        if value < Self::MIN.0 {
593            return Err(ConfigError::BitCountTooLow);
594        }
595        Ok(Self(value))
596    }
597}
598
599impl From<BitCount> for usize {
600    fn from(value: BitCount) -> Self {
601        value.0
602    }
603}
604
605// Since bit count can't be higher than 32
606// Conversion into any integer is fine
607impl From<BitCount> for u64 {
608    fn from(value: BitCount) -> Self {
609        value.0 as u64
610    }
611}
612
613impl From<BitCount> for u32 {
614    #[expect(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
615    fn from(value: BitCount) -> Self {
616        value.0 as u32
617    }
618}
619
620impl From<BitCount> for u16 {
621    #[expect(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
622    fn from(value: BitCount) -> Self {
623        value.0 as u16
624    }
625}
626
627impl From<BitCount> for u8 {
628    #[expect(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
629    fn from(value: BitCount) -> Self {
630        value.0 as u8
631    }
632}
633
634impl Add<usize> for BitCount {
635    type Output = usize;
636
637    fn add(self, rhs: usize) -> Self::Output {
638        self.0 + rhs
639    }
640}
641
642impl Add<BitCount> for usize {
643    type Output = usize;
644
645    fn add(self, rhs: BitCount) -> Self::Output {
646        self + rhs.0
647    }
648}