cow-settlement-interface 0.1.0

//! `Initialize` instruction builder.
//!
//! Allocates the singleton settlement state PDA (see [`crate::pda::state`]).

use solana_instruction::{AccountMeta, Instruction};
use solana_program_error::ProgramError;
use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;

pub use solana_system_interface::program::ID as SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID;

use super::InstructionInputParsing;
use crate::SettlementInstruction;

/// Builder for an `Initialize` instruction.
///
/// `payer` funds the new account's rent and signs. It is meant to be the
/// transaction's fee payer: the state is created once at deployment and never
/// deallocated, so there's no need for a dedicated funding account separate
/// from whoever pays for the deployment transaction.
///
/// `state_pda` must be the canonical PDA returned by
/// [`crate::pda::state::find_state_pda`]; the program derives the bump itself
/// and rejects any other address.
///
/// `reclaim_authority` is recorded verbatim in the state PDA's data: it's the
/// account authorized to reclaim rent for buffers. See
/// [`crate::data::state::StateAccount::reclaim_authority`].
///
/// The state account is owned by the settlement program. This instruction
/// succeeds only once: a second call fails because the account already
/// exists.
///
/// Wire format: `[discriminator=3, reclaim_authority (32 bytes)]`, 33 bytes.
/// Required accounts: `[payer (W,S), state_pda (W), system_program (R)]`.
/// The system program must be available for the `CreateAccount` CPI but doesn't
/// need to sit at that specific position.
pub struct Initialize {
    pub program_id: Pubkey,
    pub payer: Pubkey,
    pub state_pda: Pubkey,
    pub reclaim_authority: Pubkey,
}

impl From<Initialize> for Instruction {
    fn from(builder: Initialize) -> Self {
        let mut data = vec![SettlementInstruction::Initialize.discriminator()];
        data.extend_from_slice(&builder.reclaim_authority.to_bytes());
        Instruction {
            program_id: builder.program_id,
            accounts: vec![
                AccountMeta::new(builder.payer, true),
                AccountMeta::new(builder.state_pda, false),
                AccountMeta::new_readonly(SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID, false),
            ],
            data,
        }
    }
}

/// Parsed inputs of an `Initialize` instruction.
pub struct InitializeInput<'a, A> {
    pub payer: &'a A,
    pub state_pda: &'a mut A,
    pub reclaim_authority: Pubkey,
}

impl<'a, A> InstructionInputParsing<'a, A> for InitializeInput<'a, A> {
    const DISCRIMINATOR: SettlementInstruction = SettlementInstruction::Initialize;

    fn parse_body(instruction_data: &[u8], accounts: &'a mut [A]) -> Result<Self, ProgramError> {
        let reclaim_authority: [u8; 32] = instruction_data
            .try_into()
            .map_err(|_| ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData)?;
        let reclaim_authority = Pubkey::new_from_array(reclaim_authority);

        // Accounts: [payer (W,S), state_pda (W), system_program (R)]. The system
        // program needs to be present for the `CreateAccount` CPI but doesn't
        // need to be referenced directly and can be at any later position.
        let [payer, state_pda, _system, ..] = accounts else {
            return Err(ProgramError::NotEnoughAccountKeys);
        };

        Ok(Self {
            payer,
            state_pda,
            reclaim_authority,
        })
    }
}

/// Test scaffolding for `Initialize` parsing and handling, shared by this
/// crate's tests and the settlement program's via the `test-fixtures` feature.
#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-fixtures"))]
pub mod fixtures {
    use solana_address::Address;

    use super::{Initialize, Instruction};

    /// Number of accounts `Initialize` expects: payer, state PDA, system program.
    pub const NUM_ACCOUNTS: usize = 3;

    /// `Initialize` instruction data with placeholder addresses, for failure
    /// cases where the actual addresses don't matter.
    pub fn initialize_data() -> Vec<u8> {
        let zero = Address::new_from_array([0; 32]);
        Instruction::from(Initialize {
            program_id: zero,
            payer: zero,
            state_pda: zero,
            reclaim_authority: zero,
        })
        .data
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::fixtures::{initialize_data, NUM_ACCOUNTS};
    use super::*;
    use crate::data::state::EncodedStateAccount;
    use crate::instruction::fixtures::{fake_account_from_array, fake_sequential_accounts};
    use crate::instruction::tests::{
        assert_readonly_nonsigner, assert_writable_nonsigner, assert_writable_signer,
    };
    use solana_account_view::AccountView;
    use solana_address::Address;

    #[test]
    fn initialize_input_parses_valid_input() {
        let program_id = Address::new_unique();
        let payer = fake_account_from_array([1; 32]);
        let state_pda = fake_account_from_array([2; 32]);
        let reclaim_authority = Address::new_from_array([4; 32]);
        let data = Instruction::from(Initialize {
            program_id,
            payer: *payer.address(),
            state_pda: *state_pda.address(),
            reclaim_authority,
        })
        .data;

        let system_program = fake_account_from_array([3; 32]);
        let mut accounts = [payer, state_pda, system_program];

        let InitializeInput {
            payer: parsed_payer,
            state_pda: parsed_state_pda,
            reclaim_authority: parsed_reclaim_authority,
        } = InitializeInput::parse(&data, &mut accounts).expect("parse should succeed");

        assert_eq!(parsed_payer.address(), payer.address());
        assert_eq!(parsed_state_pda.address(), state_pda.address());
        assert_eq!(parsed_reclaim_authority, reclaim_authority);
    }

    #[test]
    fn initialize_input_rejects_long_data() {
        let mut data = initialize_data();
        data.push(0); // trailing byte
        let mut accounts = fake_sequential_accounts::<NUM_ACCOUNTS>();
        assert_eq!(
            InitializeInput::parse(&data, &mut accounts).err(),
            Some(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn initialize_input_rejects_short_data() {
        let mut data = initialize_data();
        data.pop(); // one byte short of a full reclaim_authority pubkey
        let mut accounts = fake_sequential_accounts::<NUM_ACCOUNTS>();
        assert_eq!(
            InitializeInput::parse(&data, &mut accounts).err(),
            Some(ProgramError::InvalidInstructionData),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn initialize_input_rejects_missing_accounts() {
        let data = initialize_data();
        let mut accounts: Vec<AccountView> = fake_sequential_accounts::<NUM_ACCOUNTS>().into();
        accounts.pop();
        assert_eq!(
            InitializeInput::parse(&data, &mut accounts).err(),
            Some(ProgramError::NotEnoughAccountKeys),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn instruction_data_has_expected_layout() {
        let program_id = Pubkey::new_from_array([1; 32]);
        let payer = Pubkey::new_from_array([2; 32]);
        let state_pda = Pubkey::new_from_array([3; 32]);
        let reclaim_authority = Pubkey::new_from_array([4; 32]);

        let Instruction { data, .. } = Initialize {
            program_id,
            payer,
            state_pda,
            reclaim_authority,
        }
        .into();
        assert_eq!(data.len(), EncodedStateAccount::SIZE);
        assert_eq!(data[0], SettlementInstruction::Initialize.discriminator());
        assert_eq!(&data[1..], &reclaim_authority.to_bytes());
    }

    #[test]
    fn instruction_has_expected_accounts() {
        let program_id = Pubkey::new_from_array([1; 32]);
        let payer = Pubkey::new_from_array([2; 32]);
        let state_pda = Pubkey::new_from_array([3; 32]);
        let reclaim_authority = Pubkey::new_from_array([4; 32]);

        let Instruction { accounts, .. } = Initialize {
            program_id,
            payer,
            state_pda,
            reclaim_authority,
        }
        .into();

        assert_eq!(accounts.len(), 3);
        // payer funds the new account's rent; state_pda is signed for by the
        // program via PDA seeds; the system program is only referenced.
        assert_writable_signer(&accounts[0], payer);
        assert_writable_nonsigner(&accounts[1], state_pda);
        assert_readonly_nonsigner(&accounts[2], SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID);
    }
}