#[cfg(test)]
mod test;
use crate::{
constitutive::{
ConstitutiveError,
solid::{Solid, TWO_THIRDS, elastic::Elastic, hyperelastic::Hyperelastic},
},
math::{IDENTITY, Rank2},
mechanics::{CauchyStress, CauchyTangentStiffness, Deformation, DeformationGradient, Scalar},
};
#[doc = include_str!("doc.md")]
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Gent {
pub bulk_modulus: Scalar,
pub shear_modulus: Scalar,
pub extensibility: Scalar,
}
impl Gent {
pub fn extensibility(&self) -> Scalar {
self.extensibility
}
}
impl Solid for Gent {
fn bulk_modulus(&self) -> Scalar {
self.bulk_modulus
}
fn shear_modulus(&self) -> Scalar {
self.shear_modulus
}
}
impl Elastic for Gent {
#[doc = include_str!("cauchy_stress.md")]
fn cauchy_stress(
&self,
deformation_gradient: &DeformationGradient,
) -> Result<CauchyStress, ConstitutiveError> {
let jacobian = self.jacobian(deformation_gradient)?;
let isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation =
deformation_gradient.left_cauchy_green() / jacobian.powf(TWO_THIRDS);
let (
deviatoric_isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation,
isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation_trace,
) = isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation.deviatoric_and_trace();
let denominator =
self.extensibility() - isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation_trace + 3.0;
if denominator <= 0.0 {
Err(ConstitutiveError::Custom(
"Maximum extensibility reached.".to_string(),
format!("{:?}", &self),
))
} else {
Ok((deviatoric_isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation
* self.shear_modulus()
* self.extensibility()
/ jacobian)
/ denominator
+ IDENTITY * self.bulk_modulus() * 0.5 * (jacobian - 1.0 / jacobian))
}
}
#[doc = include_str!("cauchy_tangent_stiffness.md")]
fn cauchy_tangent_stiffness(
&self,
deformation_gradient: &DeformationGradient,
) -> Result<CauchyTangentStiffness, ConstitutiveError> {
let jacobian = self.jacobian(deformation_gradient)?;
let inverse_transpose_deformation_gradient = deformation_gradient.inverse_transpose();
let isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation =
deformation_gradient.left_cauchy_green() / jacobian.powf(TWO_THIRDS);
let (
deviatoric_isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation,
isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation_trace,
) = isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation.deviatoric_and_trace();
let denominator =
self.extensibility() - isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation_trace + 3.0;
if denominator <= 0.0 {
Err(ConstitutiveError::Custom(
"Maximum extensibility reached.".to_string(),
format!("{:?}", &self),
))
} else {
let prefactor = self.shear_modulus() * self.extensibility() / jacobian / denominator;
Ok(
(CauchyTangentStiffness::dyad_ik_jl(&IDENTITY, deformation_gradient)
+ CauchyTangentStiffness::dyad_il_jk(deformation_gradient, &IDENTITY)
- CauchyTangentStiffness::dyad_ij_kl(&IDENTITY, deformation_gradient)
* (TWO_THIRDS)
+ CauchyTangentStiffness::dyad_ij_kl(
&deviatoric_isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation,
deformation_gradient,
) * (2.0 / denominator))
* (prefactor / jacobian.powf(TWO_THIRDS))
+ CauchyTangentStiffness::dyad_ij_kl(
&(IDENTITY * (0.5 * self.bulk_modulus() * (jacobian + 1.0 / jacobian))
- deviatoric_isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation
* prefactor
* ((5.0
+ 2.0 * isochoric_left_cauchy_green_deformation_trace
/ denominator)
/ 3.0)),
&inverse_transpose_deformation_gradient,
),
)
}
}
}
impl Hyperelastic for Gent {
#[doc = include_str!("helmholtz_free_energy_density.md")]
fn helmholtz_free_energy_density(
&self,
deformation_gradient: &DeformationGradient,
) -> Result<Scalar, ConstitutiveError> {
let jacobian = self.jacobian(deformation_gradient)?;
let factor = (deformation_gradient.left_cauchy_green().trace() / jacobian.powf(TWO_THIRDS)
- 3.0)
/ self.extensibility();
if factor >= 1.0 {
Err(ConstitutiveError::Custom(
"Maximum extensibility reached.".to_string(),
format!("{:?}", &self),
))
} else {
Ok(0.5
* (-self.shear_modulus() * self.extensibility() * (1.0 - factor).ln()
+ self.bulk_modulus() * (0.5 * (jacobian.powi(2) - 1.0) - jacobian.ln())))
}
}
}