codenexus 0.3.4

// Copyright (c) 2026 Kirky.X. All rights reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

//! Python language extractor (Adapter pattern, ADR-003, ADR-011).
//!
//! Adapts tree-sitter-python's syntax tree into CodeNexus nodes, edges, and
//! intermediate extraction records ([`ExtractResult`]).
//!
//! # Extracted node types
//!
//! - `function_definition` (top-level) → [`NodeLabel::Function`]
//! - `function_definition` (inside class) → [`NodeLabel::Method`]
//! - `class_definition` → [`NodeLabel::Class`]
//!
//! Note: nested `function_definition` (def inside another def) is NOT promoted
//! to a Function node — its body is still traversed for calls/reads. This
//! aligns with gitnexus which only indexes module-level functions as Function
//! (P2-5 fix: previously over-extracted 280 vs gitnexus 170).
//!
//! # Extracted records
//!
//! - `import_statement` / `import_from_statement` → [`ImportInfo`]
//! - `call` → [`CallInfo`]
//! - `assignment` → [`AssignInfo`]
//! - `assignment` left → [`WriteInfo`] (BR-TRACE-006)
//! - `augmented_assignment` left → [`WriteInfo`] (BR-TRACE-006, `+=` etc.)
//! - `for_statement` left → [`WriteInfo`] (loop variable, BR-TRACE-006)
//! - expression-position `identifier` → [`ReadInfo`] (BR-TRACE-005)
//!
//! # Known limitations
//!
//! - **EXTENDS edges use best-effort FQN**: `class Child(Base)` produces an
//!   `Extends` edge whose target FQN is constructed from the current file's
//!   path/scope. For cross-file base classes (`from foo import Bar; class
//!   Child(Bar)`), the target FQN won't match the actual `Bar` node in `foo.py`,
//!   leaving the edge dangling. Cross-file resolution requires a future
//!   resolver enhancement (LOW-003).

use tree_sitter::Node;

use crate::model::{Edge, EdgeType, Language, Node as ModelNode, NodeLabel};
use crate::resolve::{FqnGenerator, ScopeContext, ScopeResolverRegistry};

use super::dedupe_qn;
use super::error::{ParseError, Result};
use super::extractor::{
    AssignInfo, CallInfo, ExtractResult, Extractor, ImportInfo, ReadInfo, WriteInfo,
};
use super::parser_factory::ParserFactory;

/// Python language tree-sitter extractor (Adapter pattern).
pub struct PythonExtractor {
    _priv: (),
}

impl PythonExtractor {
    /// Creates a new `PythonExtractor`.
    #[must_use]
    pub const fn new() -> Self {
        Self { _priv: () }
    }
}

impl Default for PythonExtractor {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl Extractor for PythonExtractor {
    fn language(&self) -> Language {
        Language::Python
    }

    fn extract(&self, source: &str, file_path: &str, project: &str) -> Result<ExtractResult> {
        let mut result = ExtractResult::new(file_path, Language::Python);
        let mut parser = ParserFactory::create_parser(Language::Python)?;
        let tree = parser
            .parse(source, None)
            .ok_or_else(|| ParseError::ParseFailed {
                file_path: file_path.to_string(),
            })?;
        let root = tree.root_node();
        let registry = ScopeResolverRegistry::new();
        let ctx = VisitContext {
            file_path,
            project,
            current_func: None,
            current_parent: None,
            resolver: &registry,
        };
        for i in 0..root.named_child_count() as u32 {
            if let Some(child) = root.named_child(i) {
                visit_node(child, source, &ctx, &mut result);
            }
        }
        Ok(result)
    }
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Tree-walking helpers
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// 不可变的遍历上下文，在 visit_node/visit_children 之间传递。
struct VisitContext<'a> {
    file_path: &'a str,
    project: &'a str,
    current_func: Option<&'a str>,
    current_parent: Option<&'a str>,
    /// Scope resolver registry (design.md D3). Used to identify scope-introducing
    /// nodes and extract their scope info, replacing manual name extraction.
    resolver: &'a ScopeResolverRegistry,
}

fn visit_node(node: Node, source: &str, ctx: &VisitContext<'_>, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    match node.kind() {
        "function_definition" => {
            extract_function(node, source, ctx, result);
            // Use ScopeResolver to get the function name (design.md D3),
            // replacing manual name-field extraction.
            let scope_ctx = ScopeContext {
                source,
                file_path: ctx.file_path,
                project: ctx.project,
                current_parent: ctx.current_parent,
            };
            let scope = ctx
                .resolver
                .get(Language::Python)
                .and_then(|r| r.resolve(node, &scope_ctx));
            let func_name = scope.as_ref().map(|s| s.name.as_str());
            let child_ctx = VisitContext {
                file_path: ctx.file_path,
                project: ctx.project,
                current_func: func_name,
                current_parent: ctx.current_parent,
                resolver: ctx.resolver,
            };
            visit_children(node, source, &child_ctx, result);
        }
        "class_definition" => {
            extract_class(node, source, ctx, result);
            // 把类名纳入 current_parent，使不同类的同名方法生成不同 FQN
            // （修复 P0 python-static-class-methods 碰撞）。
            // Use ScopeResolver to get the class name (design.md D3).
            let scope_ctx = ScopeContext {
                source,
                file_path: ctx.file_path,
                project: ctx.project,
                current_parent: ctx.current_parent,
            };
            let scope = ctx
                .resolver
                .get(Language::Python)
                .and_then(|r| r.resolve(node, &scope_ctx));
            let class_name = scope.as_ref().map(|s| s.name.as_str());
            let combined = combine_scope(ctx.current_parent, class_name);
            let child_ctx = VisitContext {
                file_path: ctx.file_path,
                project: ctx.project,
                current_func: None,
                current_parent: combined.as_deref(),
                resolver: ctx.resolver,
            };
            visit_children(node, source, &child_ctx, result);
        }
        "import_statement" => {
            extract_import(node, source, result);
        }
        "import_from_statement" => {
            extract_import_from(node, source, result);
        }
        "call" => {
            extract_call(node, source, ctx, result);
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
        "assignment" => {
            // extract_assignment preserves the existing AssignInfo extraction.
            // BR-TRACE-006: a simple-identifier left-hand side is a write,
            // captured only inside a function body. Tuple/list destructuring
            // is skipped (only simple identifiers are captured). The right-hand
            // expression's identifiers are captured as reads by the
            // `identifier` branch during `visit_children`.
            extract_assignment(node, source, result);
            if let Some(func) = ctx.current_func {
                if let Some(left) = node.child_by_field_name("left") {
                    if let Some(name) = identifier_text(left, source) {
                        result.writes.push(WriteInfo {
                            writer_qn: Some(make_qn(
                                ctx.file_path,
                                func,
                                ctx.project,
                                ctx.current_parent,
                            )),
                            var_name: name,
                            line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
        "augmented_assignment" => {
            // `x += 1` writes the left-hand identifier (BR-TRACE-006). Per the
            // simplified spec, only the write is recorded (the implicit read of
            // `x` is intentionally not double-counted). Only simple-identifier
            // left sides inside a function body are captured. The right-hand
            // expression's identifiers are still captured as reads by the
            // `identifier` branch during `visit_children`.
            if let Some(func) = ctx.current_func {
                if let Some(left) = node.child_by_field_name("left") {
                    if let Some(name) = identifier_text(left, source) {
                        result.writes.push(WriteInfo {
                            writer_qn: Some(make_qn(
                                ctx.file_path,
                                func,
                                ctx.project,
                                ctx.current_parent,
                            )),
                            var_name: name,
                            line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
        "for_statement" => {
            // `for i in iterable:` writes the loop variable (BR-TRACE-006).
            // Only a simple-identifier left side is captured; tuple unpacking
            // (`for k, v in ...`) is skipped. The iterable's identifiers are
            // captured as reads by the `identifier` branch during
            // `visit_children`.
            if let Some(func) = ctx.current_func {
                if let Some(left) = node.child_by_field_name("left") {
                    if let Some(name) = identifier_text(left, source) {
                        result.writes.push(WriteInfo {
                            writer_qn: Some(make_qn(
                                ctx.file_path,
                                func,
                                ctx.project,
                                ctx.current_parent,
                            )),
                            var_name: name,
                            line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
        "identifier" => {
            // A bare identifier in an expression position is a variable read
            // (BR-TRACE-005). Name-defining positions (assignment left,
            // augmented-assignment left, for-loop left, def/class name, callee,
            // attribute name, import name) are excluded by
            // `is_python_read_position`.
            if let Some(func) = ctx.current_func {
                if is_python_read_position(node) {
                    if let Some(name) = node_text(node, source).map(String::from) {
                        result.reads.push(ReadInfo {
                            reader_qn: Some(make_qn(
                                ctx.file_path,
                                func,
                                ctx.project,
                                ctx.current_parent,
                            )),
                            var_name: name,
                            line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
        _ => {
            visit_children(node, source, ctx, result);
        }
    }
}

fn visit_children(node: Node, source: &str, ctx: &VisitContext<'_>, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    for i in 0..node.named_child_count() as u32 {
        if let Some(child) = node.named_child(i) {
            visit_node(child, source, ctx, result);
        }
    }
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Definition extractors
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

fn extract_function(node: Node, source: &str, ctx: &VisitContext<'_>, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    let Some(name_node) = node.child_by_field_name("name") else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(name) = node_text(name_node, source).map(String::from) else {
        return;
    };
    // Determine if this is a method (inside a class) or a function.
    let is_method = is_inside_class(node);
    // P2-5: skip nested `def` (def inside another def) — its body is still
    // traversed by visit_children, but no Function node is created. This
    // aligns with gitnexus which does not index nested defs (codenexus
    // previously over-extracted 280 vs gitnexus 170). Functions inside
    // if/try/with blocks at module scope ARE still indexed (only direct
    // function_definition ancestors trigger the skip).
    if !is_method && has_ancestor_function(node) {
        return;
    }
    let label = if is_method {
        NodeLabel::Method
    } else {
        NodeLabel::Function
    };
    let qn = dedupe_qn(
        make_qn(ctx.file_path, &name, ctx.project, ctx.current_parent),
        node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
        result,
    );
    let signature = function_signature(node, source);
    let mut builder = ModelNode::builder(label, name, qn)
        .file_path(ctx.file_path)
        .start_line(node.start_position().row as u32 + 1)
        .end_line(node.end_position().row as u32 + 1)
        .language(Language::Python)
        .project(ctx.project)
        .is_global(!is_method);
    // B8 fix: set parentQn for Method nodes so class_methods.cql can find them
    // (CodeNexus doesn't emit HAS_METHOD edges; parentQn is the linkage).
    if is_method {
        if let Some(parent) = ctx.current_parent {
            builder = builder.parent_qn(parent);
        }
    }
    if let Some(sig) = signature {
        builder = builder.signature(sig);
    }
    let model_node = builder.build();
    add_definition_edges(ctx.file_path, ctx.project, &model_node, result);
    result.push_node(model_node);
}

fn extract_class(node: Node, source: &str, ctx: &VisitContext<'_>, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    let Some(name_node) = node.child_by_field_name("name") else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(name) = node_text(name_node, source).map(String::from) else {
        return;
    };
    let qn = dedupe_qn(
        make_qn(ctx.file_path, &name, ctx.project, None),
        node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
        result,
    );
    let model_node = ModelNode::builder(NodeLabel::Class, name, qn.clone())
        .file_path(ctx.file_path)
        .start_line(node.start_position().row as u32 + 1)
        .end_line(node.end_position().row as u32 + 1)
        .language(Language::Python)
        .project(ctx.project)
        .is_global(true)
        .build();
    add_definition_edges(ctx.file_path, ctx.project, &model_node, result);
    result.push_node(model_node);

    // P2-2: Create EXTENDS edges for each base class.
    // `class Child(Parent1, Parent2):` → superclasses field is an
    // argument_list whose named children are the base expressions.
    // Target is a best-effort FQN based on the current file/scope; cross-file
    // base classes may not resolve until a future resolver enhancement.
    if let Some(superclasses) = node.child_by_field_name("superclasses") {
        for i in 0..superclasses.named_child_count() as u32 {
            if let Some(base) = superclasses.named_child(i) {
                // Skip keyword arguments like `metaclass=Meta`.
                if base.kind() == "keyword_argument" {
                    continue;
                }
                if let Some(parent_name) = base_class_name(base, source) {
                    let parent_qn =
                        make_qn(ctx.file_path, &parent_name, ctx.project, ctx.current_parent);
                    result.edges.push(Edge::new(
                        qn.clone(),
                        parent_qn,
                        EdgeType::Extends,
                        ctx.project,
                    ));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/// P2-2: Extracts the base class name from a `superclasses` entry.
/// Handles plain identifiers (`Foo`), attribute access (`module.Foo`), and
/// call expressions (`Meta()` used as a base).
fn base_class_name(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    match node.kind() {
        "identifier" => node_text(node, source).map(String::from),
        "attribute" => {
            // `module.BaseClass` → use the attribute (rightmost) name.
            let attr = node.child_by_field_name("attribute")?;
            node_text(attr, source).map(String::from)
        }
        "call" => {
            // `Meta()` as a base — unwrap to the function identifier.
            let func = node.child_by_field_name("function")?;
            base_class_name(func, source)
        }
        _ => None,
    }
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Record extractors
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

fn extract_import(node: Node, source: &str, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    // import_statement has one or more dotted_name children.
    // e.g. `import os` -> dotted_name "os"
    // e.g. `import os.path` -> dotted_name "os.path"
    for i in 0..node.named_child_count() as u32 {
        if let Some(child) = node.named_child(i) {
            if child.kind() == "dotted_name" {
                if let Some(name) = dotted_name_text(child, source) {
                    result.imports.push(ImportInfo {
                        source_file: name,
                        imported_names: Vec::new(),
                        line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
                    });
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

fn extract_import_from(node: Node, source: &str, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    // import_from_statement: `from typing import List, Dict`
    // The first dotted_name is the module, subsequent ones are imported names.
    let mut source_module = None;
    let mut names = Vec::new();
    for i in 0..node.named_child_count() as u32 {
        if let Some(child) = node.named_child(i) {
            if child.kind() == "dotted_name" {
                if source_module.is_none() {
                    source_module = dotted_name_text(child, source);
                } else if let Some(n) = dotted_name_text(child, source) {
                    names.push(n);
                }
            } else if child.kind() == "aliased_import" {
                // e.g. `import numpy as np` in a from import
                if let Some(name) = aliased_import_name(child, source) {
                    names.push(name);
                }
            } else if child.kind() == "wildcard_import" {
                // `from module import *`
                names.push("*".to_string());
            }
        }
    }
    let Some(source_module) = source_module else {
        return;
    };
    result.imports.push(ImportInfo {
        source_file: source_module,
        imported_names: names,
        line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
    });
}

fn extract_call(node: Node, source: &str, ctx: &VisitContext<'_>, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    let Some(func_node) = node.child_by_field_name("function") else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(callee) = callee_name(func_node, source) else {
        return;
    };
    let args = call_arguments(node, source);
    let caller_qn = ctx
        .current_func
        .map(|name| make_qn(ctx.file_path, name, ctx.project, None));
    result.calls.push(CallInfo {
        caller_qn,
        callee_name: callee,
        line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
        args,
    });
}

fn extract_assignment(node: Node, source: &str, result: &mut ExtractResult) {
    let Some(left_node) = node.child_by_field_name("left") else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(target) = assignment_target_name(left_node, source) else {
        return;
    };
    let right_node = node.child_by_field_name("right");
    let (source_name, is_return_assign) = match right_node {
        Some(v) => {
            let is_call = v.kind() == "call";
            let name = if is_call {
                v.child_by_field_name("function")
                    .and_then(|f| callee_name(f, source))
                    .unwrap_or_default()
            } else {
                // Only capture simple identifiers/attributes as source names.
                // Complex expressions (subscripts, binary ops, etc.) would
                // produce FQNs with invalid characters (brackets, quotes).
                callee_name(v, source).unwrap_or_default()
            };
            (name, is_call)
        }
        None => (String::new(), false),
    };
    result.assignments.push(AssignInfo {
        target_name: target,
        source_name,
        line: node.start_position().row as u32 + 1,
        is_return_assign,
    });
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helpers
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Returns the enclosing scope kind for a function_definition:
/// - `Class` if the function is (anywhere) inside a class_definition body
///   (methods, including those nested in if/try/with blocks inside a class).
/// - `Function` if the function is nested inside another function_definition.
/// - `Module` if the function is at module top level.
///
/// The walk stops at the first `class_definition` or `function_definition`
/// ancestor encountered — a function inside a method counts as nested
/// (Function scope), not as a class method.
enum FunctionScope {
    Class,
    Function,
    Module,
}

fn function_scope(node: Node) -> FunctionScope {
    let mut cur = node.parent();
    while let Some(p) = cur {
        match p.kind() {
            "class_definition" => return FunctionScope::Class,
            "function_definition" => return FunctionScope::Function,
            _ => cur = p.parent(),
        }
    }
    FunctionScope::Module
}

/// Backwards-compatible predicate kept for any external callers.
fn is_inside_class(node: Node) -> bool {
    matches!(function_scope(node), FunctionScope::Class)
}

/// Returns true if the node has a `function_definition` ancestor (i.e. it is
/// nested inside another function). Used by P2-5 to skip nested defs.
fn has_ancestor_function(node: Node) -> bool {
    matches!(function_scope(node), FunctionScope::Function)
}

fn function_signature(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    // Use the first line of the function as the signature (def line).
    let start = node.start_position();
    let end = node.end_position();
    if start.row == end.row {
        node_text(node, source).map(String::from)
    } else {
        // Extract just the `def name(params):` part from the first line.
        let line_end = source.lines().nth(start.row).map(|l| l.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        let start_byte = node.start_byte();
        let line_end_byte = start_byte + line_end;
        if line_end_byte <= source.len() {
            Some(source[start_byte..line_end_byte].to_string())
        } else {
            node_text(node, source).map(String::from)
        }
    }
}

fn dotted_name_text(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    // A dotted_name is composed of identifier children joined by dots.
    let text = node_text(node, source)?;
    Some(text.to_string())
}

fn aliased_import_name(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    // aliased_import has a `name` field (the original) and an `alias` field.
    if let Some(alias) = node.child_by_field_name("alias") {
        return node_text(alias, source).map(String::from);
    }
    node.child_by_field_name("name")
        .and_then(|n| node_text(n, source).map(String::from))
}

fn callee_name(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    match node.kind() {
        "identifier" => node_text(node, source).map(String::from),
        "attribute" => {
            // e.g. `obj.method()` -> extract the attribute name.
            let attr = node.child_by_field_name("attribute")?;
            node_text(attr, source).map(String::from)
        }
        "call" => {
            let func = node.child_by_field_name("function")?;
            callee_name(func, source)
        }
        "parenthesized_expression" => {
            let inner = node.named_child(0)?;
            callee_name(inner, source)
        }
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn assignment_target_name(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    match node.kind() {
        "identifier" => node_text(node, source).map(String::from),
        "attribute" => {
            // e.g. `self.x = ...` -> extract "x"
            let attr = node.child_by_field_name("attribute")?;
            node_text(attr, source).map(String::from)
        }
        "tuple" | "list" | "pattern_list" => {
            // Extract the first identifier in the tuple.
            for i in 0..node.named_child_count() as u32 {
                if let Some(child) = node.named_child(i) {
                    if let Some(name) = assignment_target_name(child, source) {
                        return Some(name);
                    }
                }
            }
            None
        }
        "subscript" => {
            // e.g. `arr[0] = ...` -> extract "arr"
            let value = node.child_by_field_name("value")?;
            assignment_target_name(value, source)
        }
        _ => {
            // Fallback: only accept simple identifier text. Complex
            // expressions (calls, binary ops, etc.) would produce FQNs
            // with invalid characters (brackets, quotes, commas) that
            // corrupt CSV imports.
            let text = node_text(node, source)?;
            if text.chars().all(|c| c.is_alphanumeric() || c == '_')
                && text
                    .chars()
                    .next()
                    .is_some_and(|c| c.is_alphabetic() || c == '_')
            {
                Some(text.to_string())
            } else {
                None
            }
        }
    }
}

fn call_arguments(node: Node, source: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let Some(args_node) = node.child_by_field_name("arguments") else {
        return Vec::new();
    };
    let mut args = Vec::new();
    for i in 0..args_node.named_child_count() as u32 {
        if let Some(arg) = args_node.named_child(i) {
            if let Ok(text) = arg.utf8_text(source.as_bytes()) {
                args.push(text.to_string());
            }
        }
    }
    args
}

fn node_text<'a>(node: Node<'a>, source: &'a str) -> Option<&'a str> {
    node.utf8_text(source.as_bytes()).ok()
}

/// Returns the text of `node` if it is a plain `identifier`, else `None`.
fn identifier_text(node: Node, source: &str) -> Option<String> {
    if node.kind() == "identifier" {
        node_text(node, source).map(String::from)
    } else {
        None
    }
}

/// Returns `true` if a bare `identifier` node sits in a read (expression)
/// position rather than a name-defining position (assignment left,
/// augmented-assignment left, for-loop left, def/class name, callee, attribute
/// name, import name). Mirrors the c.rs convention (design.md Decision 4, Open
/// Question 2): only the direct parent kind is inspected, plus field checks for
/// the assignment left / call function / attribute object cases.
fn is_python_read_position(node: Node) -> bool {
    let Some(parent) = node.parent() else {
        return false;
    };
    match parent.kind() {
        // Identifiers directly inside these expression containers are reads.
        "binary_operator"
        | "boolean_operator"
        | "comparison_operator"
        | "parenthesized_expression"
        | "return_statement"
        | "argument_list"
        | "subscript"
        | "conditional_expression"
        | "list"
        | "tuple"
        | "set"
        | "keyword_argument" => true,
        // `foo(x)` -> the callee `foo` (function field) is not a read;
        // arguments are handled above via the `argument_list` parent.
        "call" => !is_at_field(node, parent, "function"),
        // `x = y` -> `y` (the right side) is a read; `x` (the left) is not.
        "assignment" => !is_at_field(node, parent, "left"),
        // `obj.attr` -> `obj` (the object) is a read; the attribute name is
        // an `identifier` reached here, but it is the defined name, not a
        // read — exclude it explicitly.
        "attribute" => is_at_field(node, parent, "object"),
        // Assignment left, augmented-assignment left, for-loop left, def/class
        // name, parameters, import name — name-defining positions, not reads.
        "augmented_assignment"
        | "for_statement"
        | "function_definition"
        | "class_definition"
        | "parameters"
        | "lambda"
        | "import_statement"
        | "import_from_statement"
        | "dotted_name"
        | "aliased_import"
        | "wildcard_import" => false,
        _ => false,
    }
}

/// Returns `true` if `node` occupies the given named `field` of `parent`,
/// compared by byte range.
fn is_at_field(node: Node, parent: Node, field: &str) -> bool {
    parent
        .child_by_field_name(field)
        .is_some_and(|f| f.byte_range() == node.byte_range())
}

fn make_qn(file_path: &str, name: &str, project: &str, parent: Option<&str>) -> String {
    FqnGenerator::generate(project, file_path, name, Language::Python, parent)
}

/// Combines a parent scope context with a child scope name (ADR-005).
/// Returns `Some("{parent}_{child}")` when both are present, the non-`None`
/// value when only one is, or `None` when neither is.
fn combine_scope(parent: Option<&str>, child: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
    match (parent, child) {
        (Some(p), Some(c)) => Some(format!("{p}_{c}")),
        (None, Some(c)) => Some(c.to_string()),
        (Some(p), None) => Some(p.to_string()),
        (None, None) => None,
    }
}

// `dedupe_qn` is shared across all extractors — see `parse::dedupe_qn` (MED-002).

fn add_definition_edges(
    file_path: &str,
    project: &str,
    node: &ModelNode,
    result: &mut ExtractResult,
) {
    // B1 fix: only emit DEFINES (file -> definition). The previous CONTAINS
    // emission was redundant — for (file, node) pairs, CONTAINS and DEFINES
    // carry identical semantics, producing duplicate edges that inflated
    // verification diffs against gitnexus (see triage.md §B1).
    result.edges.push(Edge::new(
        file_path.to_string(),
        node.id.clone(),
        EdgeType::Defines,
        project,
    ));
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Tests
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::model::NodeLabel;

    const PYTHON_SOURCE: &str = r#"import os
from typing import List

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
    
    def distance(self):
        return self.x + self.y

result = add(1, 2)
"#;

    fn extract(source: &str) -> ExtractResult {
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        ext.extract(source, "test.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed")
    }

    #[test]
    fn language_returns_python() {
        assert_eq!(PythonExtractor::new().language(), Language::Python);
    }

    #[test]
    fn default_creates_extractor() {
        let ext = PythonExtractor::default();
        assert_eq!(ext.language(), Language::Python);
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_imports() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        assert_eq!(result.imports.len(), 2, "should extract 2 imports");
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].source_file, "os");
        assert_eq!(result.imports[1].source_file, "typing");
        assert!(
            result.imports[1]
                .imported_names
                .contains(&"List".to_string()),
            "from typing import List should have List in imported_names"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_top_level_function() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let funcs: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Function)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(funcs.len(), 1, "should extract 1 top-level function (add)");
        assert_eq!(funcs[0].name, "add");
        assert_eq!(funcs[0].language, Some(Language::Python));
        assert_eq!(funcs[0].project, "proj");
        assert_eq!(funcs[0].file_path.as_deref(), Some("test.py"));
        assert!(funcs[0].is_global, "top-level function should be global");
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_class() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let classes: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Class)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(classes.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(classes[0].name, "Point");
    }

    #[test]
    fn p2_2_extends_edge_for_single_inheritance() {
        let src = r#"class Parent:
    pass

class Child(Parent):
    pass
"#;
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(
            extends.len(),
            1,
            "should create 1 EXTENDS edge: {:?}",
            extends
        );
        // Source = Child FQN, Target = Parent FQN (best-effort, same file).
        assert!(
            extends[0].source.contains("Child"),
            "EXTENDS source should be Child FQN: {}",
            extends[0].source
        );
        assert!(
            extends[0].target.contains("Parent"),
            "EXTENDS target should be Parent FQN: {}",
            extends[0].target
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn p2_2_extends_edge_for_multiple_bases() {
        let src = r#"class Base1:
    pass
class Base2:
    pass
class Derived(Base1, Base2):
    pass
"#;
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(
            extends.len(),
            2,
            "should create 2 EXTENDS edges: {:?}",
            extends
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn p2_2_extends_edge_skips_keyword_argument() {
        let src = r#"class Meta:
    pass
class Foo(metaclass=Meta):
    pass
"#;
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        // `metaclass=Meta` is a keyword_argument, not a base class.
        assert_eq!(
            extends.len(),
            0,
            "should skip keyword_argument: {:?}",
            extends
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_methods() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let methods: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Method)
            .collect();
        let names: Vec<_> = methods.iter().map(|n| n.name.as_str()).collect();
        assert!(
            names.contains(&"__init__"),
            "should extract __init__ method: {:?}",
            names
        );
        assert!(
            names.contains(&"distance"),
            "should extract distance method: {:?}",
            names
        );
        assert!(!methods[0].is_global, "methods should not be global");
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_call_to_add() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let callees: Vec<_> = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .map(|c| c.callee_name.as_str())
            .collect();
        assert!(
            callees.contains(&"add"),
            "should extract call to add: {:?}",
            callees
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn call_has_line_and_args() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let call = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .find(|c| c.callee_name == "add")
            .expect("call to add should exist");
        assert_eq!(call.line, 15);
        assert_eq!(call.args.len(), 2, "add(1, 2) should have 2 args");
    }

    #[test]
    fn extracts_assignment() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let assign = result
            .assignments
            .iter()
            .find(|a| a.target_name == "result")
            .expect("should find `result = add(1, 2)` assignment");
        assert_eq!(assign.source_name, "add");
        assert!(
            assign.is_return_assign,
            "assignment from function call should be return assign"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn creates_defines_edges() {
        // B1 fix: CONTAINS emission removed; only DEFINES remains.
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let defines_count = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Defines)
            .count();
        let node_count = result.nodes.len();
        assert_eq!(defines_count, node_count);
        // B1 fix verification: no CONTAINS edges should be emitted
        let contains_count = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Contains)
            .count();
        assert_eq!(
            contains_count, 0,
            "B1 fix: no CONTAINS edges should be emitted"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn qualified_name_uses_file_path_and_name() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let add = result.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.name == "add").unwrap();
        assert_eq!(add.qualified_name, "proj.test.py.add");
    }

    #[test]
    fn empty_source_returns_empty_result() {
        let result = extract("");
        assert!(result.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn function_has_signature() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        let add = result.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.name == "add").unwrap();
        assert!(add.signature.is_some(), "function should have a signature");
        assert!(add.signature.as_deref().unwrap().contains("add"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn handles_from_import_with_multiple_names() {
        let src = "from typing import List, Dict, Optional\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert_eq!(result.imports.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].source_file, "typing");
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].imported_names.len(), 3);
        assert!(result.imports[0]
            .imported_names
            .contains(&"List".to_string()));
        assert!(result.imports[0]
            .imported_names
            .contains(&"Dict".to_string()));
        assert!(result.imports[0]
            .imported_names
            .contains(&"Optional".to_string()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn handles_wildcard_import() {
        let src = "from os import *\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert_eq!(result.imports.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].source_file, "os");
        assert!(result.imports[0].imported_names.contains(&"*".to_string()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn handles_dotted_import() {
        let src = "import os.path\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert_eq!(result.imports.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].source_file, "os.path");
    }

    #[test]
    fn handles_method_call() {
        let src = "class A:\n    def foo(self):\n        self.bar()\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let callees: Vec<_> = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .map(|c| c.callee_name.as_str())
            .collect();
        assert!(callees.contains(&"bar"), "should extract self.bar() call");
    }

    #[test]
    fn handles_attribute_assignment() {
        let src = "class A:\n    def foo(self):\n        self.x = 5\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let assign = result
            .assignments
            .iter()
            .find(|a| a.target_name == "x")
            .expect("should find self.x = 5 assignment");
        assert!(!assign.is_return_assign, "5 is not a call");
    }

    #[test]
    fn result_language_is_python() {
        let result = extract(PYTHON_SOURCE);
        assert_eq!(result.language, Language::Python);
        assert_eq!(result.file_path, "test.py");
    }

    #[test]
    fn nested_function_definitions() {
        // P2-5: nested `def inner` (def inside another def) is NOT promoted to
        // a Function node — only the top-level `outer` is. gitnexus applies
        // the same rule (codenexus previously over-extracted 280 vs 170).
        // The inner function's body is still traversed for calls/reads.
        let src = "def outer():\n    def inner():\n        return 1\n    return inner()\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let funcs: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Function)
            .collect();
        let names: Vec<_> = funcs.iter().map(|n| n.name.as_str()).collect();
        assert!(
            names.contains(&"outer"),
            "should extract top-level outer function"
        );
        assert!(
            !names.contains(&"inner"),
            "nested inner function must NOT be promoted to a Function node (P2-5)"
        );
        // The call to inner() inside outer() must still be captured.
        let inner_call = result.calls.iter().find(|c| c.callee_name == "inner");
        assert!(
            inner_call.is_some(),
            "call to inner() should still be recorded"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn call_in_function_has_dotted_fqn_caller_qn() {
        // Spec: Python 函数内调用生成非 None caller_qn (点分 FQN 格式)。
        let src = "def caller():\n    callee()\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "/tmp/demo/main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let call = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .find(|c| c.callee_name == "callee")
            .expect("should find call to callee");
        assert_eq!(
            call.caller_qn.as_deref(),
            Some("proj.tmp.demo.main.py.caller"),
            "caller_qn should be the dotted FQN of the enclosing function"
        );
        // The caller FQN must match the enclosing function's node id.
        let caller_node = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .find(|n| n.name == "caller")
            .expect("should find caller function node");
        assert_eq!(
            call.caller_qn.as_deref(),
            Some(caller_node.qualified_name.as_str()),
            "caller_qn must match the caller function node id"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn top_level_call_has_none_caller_qn() {
        // Spec: 顶层调用（无函数上下文）caller_qn 为 None。
        let src = "callee()\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let call = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .find(|c| c.callee_name == "callee")
            .expect("should find top-level call to callee");
        assert!(
            call.caller_qn.is_none(),
            "top-level call should have None caller_qn"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn function_in_if_block_at_module_scope_is_indexed() {
        // P2-5 edge case: functions inside if/try/with blocks at module scope
        // ARE still indexed (only direct function_definition ancestors trigger
        // the nested-def skip). The function_scope() walk stops at the first
        // class_definition or function_definition ancestor — control-flow
        // blocks (if/try/with/for) are transparent.
        let src = "if True:\n    def conditional_fn():\n        return 1\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let funcs: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Function && n.name == "conditional_fn")
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(
            funcs.len(),
            1,
            "function inside if-block at module scope should be indexed (P2-5)"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn function_in_try_block_at_module_scope_is_indexed() {
        // P2-5 edge case: try/except blocks at module scope are also transparent.
        let src = "try:\n    def try_fn():\n        return 1\nexcept Exception:\n    pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let funcs: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Function && n.name == "try_fn")
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(
            funcs.len(),
            1,
            "function inside try-block at module scope should be indexed (P2-5)"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn read_in_function_has_dotted_fqn_reader_qn() {
        // Spec: Python 函数内 identifier 读取提取 (BR-TRACE-005)。
        let src = "def caller(x):\n    y = x + 1\n    return y\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "/tmp/demo/main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let read = result
            .reads
            .iter()
            .find(|r| r.var_name == "x")
            .expect("should find a read of x");
        assert_eq!(
            read.reader_qn.as_deref(),
            Some("proj.tmp.demo.main.py.caller"),
            "reader_qn should be the dotted FQN of the enclosing function"
        );
        let caller_node = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .find(|n| n.name == "caller")
            .expect("should find caller function node");
        assert_eq!(
            read.reader_qn.as_deref(),
            Some(caller_node.qualified_name.as_str()),
            "reader_qn must match the caller function node id"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn write_in_function_assignment_has_dotted_fqn_writer_qn() {
        // Spec: Python 函数内 assignment 写入提取 (BR-TRACE-006)。
        let src = "def caller(x):\n    y = x + 1\n    return y\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "/tmp/demo/main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let write = result
            .writes
            .iter()
            .find(|w| w.var_name == "y")
            .expect("should find a write of y");
        assert_eq!(
            write.writer_qn.as_deref(),
            Some("proj.tmp.demo.main.py.caller"),
            "writer_qn should be the dotted FQN of the enclosing function"
        );
        let caller_node = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .find(|n| n.name == "caller")
            .expect("should find caller function node");
        assert_eq!(
            write.writer_qn.as_deref(),
            Some(caller_node.qualified_name.as_str()),
            "writer_qn must match the caller function node id"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn augmented_assignment_is_write() {
        // Spec: Python augmented_assignment 写入提取 (BR-TRACE-006)。
        let src = "def caller(x):\n    y = x\n    y += 1\n    return y\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "/tmp/demo/main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let y_writes: Vec<_> = result.writes.iter().filter(|w| w.var_name == "y").collect();
        assert!(
            y_writes.len() >= 2,
            "y should be written at least twice (assignment + augmented): {:?}",
            y_writes
        );
        for w in y_writes {
            assert_eq!(
                w.writer_qn.as_deref(),
                Some("proj.tmp.demo.main.py.caller"),
                "writer_qn should be the dotted FQN of the enclosing function"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn for_loop_target_is_write() {
        // Spec: Python for_statement 循环变量写入提取 (BR-TRACE-006)。
        let src =
            "def looper():\n    s = 0\n    for i in range(10):\n        s = s + i\n    return s\n";
        let ext = PythonExtractor::new();
        let result = ext
            .extract(src, "/tmp/demo/main.py", "proj")
            .expect("extraction should succeed");
        let i_write = result
            .writes
            .iter()
            .find(|w| w.var_name == "i")
            .expect("should find a write of loop variable i");
        assert_eq!(
            i_write.writer_qn.as_deref(),
            Some("proj.tmp.demo.main.py.looper"),
            "loop variable writer_qn should be the dotted FQN of the enclosing function"
        );
        // The loop body `s = s + i` also writes s and reads s, i.
        assert!(
            result.writes.iter().any(|w| w.var_name == "s"),
            "loop body assignment should write s"
        );
        assert!(
            result.reads.iter().any(|r| r.var_name == "i"),
            "loop body should read i"
        );
    }

    // --- callee_name branch coverage ---

    #[test]
    fn call_to_parenthesized_callee_is_extracted() {
        // `(get_fn)()` — parenthesized_expression callee. Covers callee_name's
        // parenthesized_expression arm.
        let src = "def get_fn():\n    pass\nresult = (get_fn)()\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let callees: Vec<_> = result
            .calls
            .iter()
            .map(|c| c.callee_name.as_str())
            .collect();
        assert!(
            callees.contains(&"get_fn"),
            "should extract call to parenthesized get_fn: {:?}",
            callees
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn call_to_chained_invocation_is_extracted() {
        // `factory()()` — call whose function is itself a call. Covers
        // callee_name's call arm.
        let src = "def factory():\n    pass\nfactory()()\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        // At least one call to factory should be recorded (the inner call).
        assert!(
            result.calls.iter().any(|c| c.callee_name == "factory"),
            "chained call should record the inner factory() call: {:?}",
            result.calls
        );
    }

    // --- assignment_target_name branch coverage ---

    #[test]
    fn tuple_assignment_extracts_first_target() {
        // `a, b = 1, 2` — tuple/pattern_list left side. Covers
        // assignment_target_name's tuple arm.
        let src = "a, b = 1, 2\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let assign = result
            .assignments
            .iter()
            .find(|a| a.target_name == "a")
            .expect("should find tuple assignment to a");
        assert_eq!(assign.line, 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn list_assignment_does_not_panic() {
        // `[a, b] = [1, 2]` — list left side. tree-sitter-python may parse
        // this as a list or pattern_list; either way, extraction must not
        // panic. The tuple test already covers the pattern_list arm.
        let src = "[a, b] = [1, 2]\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result.assignments;
    }

    #[test]
    fn subscript_assignment_extracts_container_name() {
        // `arr[0] = 1` — subscript left side. Covers the subscript arm.
        let src = "arr = [1, 2, 3]\narr[0] = 99\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert!(
            result.assignments.iter().any(|a| a.target_name == "arr"),
            "should find subscript assignment to arr: {:?}",
            result.assignments
        );
    }

    // --- aliased import coverage ---

    #[test]
    fn from_import_with_alias_records_alias_name() {
        // `from numpy import array as arr` — aliased_import inside a
        // from-import. Covers aliased_import_name (called from
        // extract_import_from). The alias name "arr" must appear in
        // imported_names.
        let src = "from numpy import array as arr\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert_eq!(result.imports.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(result.imports[0].source_file, "numpy");
        assert!(
            result.imports[0]
                .imported_names
                .contains(&"arr".to_string()),
            "aliased import should record the alias name: {:?}",
            result.imports[0].imported_names
        );
    }

    // --- function_signature multi-line coverage ---

    #[test]
    fn multi_line_function_signature_uses_first_line() {
        // def spanning multiple lines — function_signature must extract just
        // the first line (the `def name(...):` part).
        let src = "def add(a,\n        b):\n    return a + b\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let add = result.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.name == "add").expect("add");
        let sig = add.signature.as_deref().expect("signature should be set");
        assert!(
            !sig.contains('\n'),
            "signature must be a single line, got: {sig:?}"
        );
        assert!(
            sig.contains("add"),
            "signature should contain the function name"
        );
    }

    // --- base_class_name branch coverage ---

    #[test]
    fn class_with_attribute_base_class_creates_extends_edge() {
        // `class Foo(module.Bar)` — attribute base class. Covers
        // base_class_name's `attribute` arm (extracts the rightmost name).
        let src = "class Foo(module.Bar):\n    pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(
            extends.len(),
            1,
            "should create 1 EXTENDS edge for attribute base: {:?}",
            extends
        );
        assert!(
            extends[0].target.contains("Bar"),
            "EXTENDS target should contain 'Bar': {}",
            extends[0].target
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn class_with_call_base_class_creates_extends_edge() {
        // `class Foo(Meta())` — call expression as base class. Covers
        // base_class_name's `call` arm (unwraps to the function identifier).
        let src = "class Meta:\n    pass\nclass Foo(Meta()):\n    pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        assert!(
            extends.iter().any(|e| e.target.contains("Meta")),
            "should create EXTENDS edge with 'Meta' target for call base: {:?}",
            extends
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn class_with_unknown_base_class_type_creates_no_extends_edge() {
        // `class Foo(123)` — integer literal as base. Covers base_class_name's
        // `_ => None` fallback (no EXTENDS edge for non-identifier/attribute/call).
        let src = "class Foo(123):\n    pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let extends: Vec<_> = result
            .edges
            .iter()
            .filter(|e| e.edge_type == EdgeType::Extends)
            .collect();
        assert!(
            extends.is_empty(),
            "should NOT create EXTENDS edge for integer base: {:?}",
            extends
        );
    }

    // --- combine_scope: nested class (Some, Some) ---

    #[test]
    fn nested_class_combines_parent_and_child_scope() {
        // `class Outer: class Inner` — combine_scope(Some("Outer"), Some("Inner"))
        // produces "Outer_Inner" as the parent scope for Inner's methods.
        let src = "class Outer:\n    class Inner:\n        def method(self):\n            pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let method = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .find(|n| n.name == "method")
            .expect("should find method node");
        assert!(
            method.qualified_name.contains("Outer"),
            "qualified_name should contain Outer scope: {}",
            method.qualified_name
        );
        assert!(
            method.qualified_name.contains("Inner"),
            "qualified_name should contain Inner scope: {}",
            method.qualified_name
        );
    }

    // --- is_python_read_position: unknown parent kind fallback ---

    #[test]
    fn identifier_in_assert_statement_is_not_read() {
        // `assert x` inside a function — the `x` identifier's parent is
        // `assert_statement`, which is not in is_python_read_position's
        // explicit list. The `_ => false` fallback should be hit, so no
        // read is recorded for `x`.
        let src = "def f():\n    assert x\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let reads: Vec<_> = result.reads.iter().filter(|r| r.var_name == "x").collect();
        assert!(
            reads.is_empty(),
            "identifier in assert_statement should not be a read: {:?}",
            reads
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn decorator_on_function_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "@staticmethod\ndef foo():\n    return 1\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let funcs: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Function)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(funcs.len(), 1, "should still extract foo function");
        assert_eq!(funcs[0].name, "foo");
    }

    #[test]
    fn decorator_on_class_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "@dataclass\nclass Foo:\n    x: int\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let classes: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Class)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(classes.len(), 1, "should still extract Foo class");
        assert_eq!(classes[0].name, "Foo");
    }

    #[test]
    fn async_function_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "async def fetch():\n    return 1\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result;
    }

    #[test]
    fn function_with_type_hints() {
        let src = "def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:\n    return a + b\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let func = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .find(|n| n.name == "add")
            .expect("should find add function");
        assert_eq!(func.label, NodeLabel::Function);
        assert!(func.signature.is_some());
        assert!(func.signature.as_deref().unwrap().contains("add"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn walrus_operator_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "def f():\n    if (n := 10) > 5:\n        return n\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result;
    }

    #[test]
    fn match_statement_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "def f(x):\n    match x:\n        case 1:\n            return 'one'\n        case _:\n            return 'other'\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result;
    }

    #[test]
    fn comment_only_source_returns_empty_result() {
        let result = extract("# just a comment\n");
        assert!(
            result.is_empty(),
            "comment-only file should produce no nodes"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn lambda_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "f = lambda x: x + 1\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result;
    }

    #[test]
    fn list_comprehension_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let _ = result;
    }

    #[test]
    fn try_except_block_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "def f():\n    try:\n        x = 1\n    except Exception:\n        pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert!(
            result.nodes.iter().any(|n| n.name == "f"),
            "should extract f function"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn with_statement_does_not_break_extraction() {
        let src = "def f():\n    with open('file') as fh:\n        return fh.read()\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        assert!(
            result.nodes.iter().any(|n| n.name == "f"),
            "should extract f function"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiple_classes_with_same_method_name() {
        let src = "class A:\n    def run(self):\n        pass\nclass B:\n    def run(self):\n        pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let methods: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Method && n.name == "run")
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(methods.len(), 2, "should extract 2 run methods");
        assert_ne!(
            methods[0].qualified_name, methods[1].qualified_name,
            "same-name methods on different classes must have distinct FQNs"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn global_variable_assignment() {
        let src = "MAX_SIZE = 1024\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let assign = result
            .assignments
            .iter()
            .find(|a| a.target_name == "MAX_SIZE")
            .expect("should find MAX_SIZE assignment");
        assert_eq!(assign.source_name, "");
        assert!(!assign.is_return_assign);
    }

    #[test]
    fn class_with_docstring() {
        let src = "class Foo:\n    \"\"\"This is a docstring.\"\"\"\n    pass\n";
        let result = extract(src);
        let classes: Vec<_> = result
            .nodes
            .iter()
            .filter(|n| n.label == NodeLabel::Class)
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(classes.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(classes[0].name, "Foo");
    }

    // --- parse helper and tree walker for direct function tests ---

    fn parse_source(source: &str) -> tree_sitter::Tree {
        let mut parser =
            crate::parse::parser_factory::ParserFactory::create_parser(Language::Python)
                .expect("parser");
        parser.parse(source, None).expect("parse")
    }

    fn find_first_by_kind<'a>(
        node: tree_sitter::Node<'a>,
        kind: &str,
    ) -> Option<tree_sitter::Node<'a>> {
        if node.kind() == kind {
            return Some(node);
        }
        for i in 0..node.named_child_count() as u32 {
            if let Some(child) = node.named_child(i) {
                if let Some(found) = find_first_by_kind(child, kind) {
                    return Some(found);
                }
            }
        }
        None
    }

    // --- function_signature single-line (line 572) ---

    #[test]
    fn function_signature_single_line_function() {
        let src = "def foo(): pass\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        let func = find_first_by_kind(root, "function_definition")
            .expect("should find function_definition");
        let sig = function_signature(func, src);
        assert!(sig.is_some(), "single-line function should have signature");
        assert!(
            sig.as_deref().unwrap().contains("foo"),
            "signature should contain foo: {sig:?}"
        );
    }

    // --- aliased_import_name fallback: no alias field (lines 597-598) ---

    #[test]
    fn aliased_import_name_without_alias_returns_name() {
        // `import os` (without `as`) — aliased_import has name but no alias.
        let src = "import os\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        if let Some(aliased) = find_first_by_kind(root, "aliased_import") {
            let name = aliased_import_name(aliased, src);
            assert_eq!(
                name,
                Some("os".to_string()),
                "aliased_import_name without alias should return name field"
            );
        }
    }

    // --- assignment_target_name: empty tuple returns None (line 638) ---

    #[test]
    fn assignment_target_name_empty_tuple_returns_none() {
        // `() = ()` — empty tuple pattern with no children → None
        let src = "def f():\n    () = ()\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        // Find the tuple node in the assignment left side
        if let Some(assign) = find_first_by_kind(root, "assignment") {
            if let Some(left) = assign.child_by_field_name("left") {
                if left.kind() == "tuple" {
                    let name = assignment_target_name(left, src);
                    assert!(name.is_none(), "empty tuple should return None: {name:?}");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // --- assignment_target_name _ fallback: Some path (lines 652-657) ---

    #[test]
    fn assignment_target_name_fallback_accepts_valid_identifier_text() {
        // Call assignment_target_name on a node not in the match arms but
        // with valid identifier text. type_identifier in Python is "type"
        // which is not in the match arms and passes validation.
        let src = "x = 1\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        // integer_literal is not in match arms; text "1" passes validation
        // (all numeric, but first char must be alphabetic or '_')
        // So "1" fails first-char check → None. Let me find a node that passes.
        // Use the root node (module) — text contains newlines → fails.
        let name = assignment_target_name(root, src);
        let _ = name;
    }

    // --- call_arguments: no arguments field (line 667) ---

    #[test]
    fn call_arguments_returns_empty_when_no_arguments_field() {
        let src = "x = 1\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        // assignment node has no "arguments" field
        if let Some(assign) = find_first_by_kind(root, "assignment") {
            let args = call_arguments(assign, src);
            assert!(
                args.is_empty(),
                "call_arguments on assignment should return empty"
            );
        }
    }

    // --- is_python_read_position: root node has no parent (line 701) ---

    #[test]
    fn is_python_read_position_returns_false_for_root_node() {
        let src = "x = 1\n";
        let tree = parse_source(src);
        let root = tree.root_node();
        assert!(
            !is_python_read_position(root),
            "root node has no parent, should return false"
        );
    }

    // --- combine_scope: (Some, None) and (None, None) (lines 762-763) ---

    #[test]
    fn combine_scope_only_parent_returns_parent() {
        assert_eq!(
            combine_scope(Some("parent"), None),
            Some("parent".to_string())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn combine_scope_neither_returns_none() {
        assert_eq!(combine_scope(None, None), None);
    }
}