chumsky 0.13.0

//! This is the parser and interpreter for the 'Foo' language.
//!
//! See the tutorial in the guide to learn more about it: https://docs.rs/chumsky/latest/chumsky/guide/index.html

use chumsky::prelude::*;

#[derive(Debug)]
enum Expr<'src> {
    Num(f64),
    Var(&'src str),

    Neg(Box<Expr<'src>>),
    Add(Box<Expr<'src>>, Box<Expr<'src>>),
    Sub(Box<Expr<'src>>, Box<Expr<'src>>),
    Mul(Box<Expr<'src>>, Box<Expr<'src>>),
    Div(Box<Expr<'src>>, Box<Expr<'src>>),

    Call(&'src str, Vec<Expr<'src>>),
    Let {
        name: &'src str,
        rhs: Box<Expr<'src>>,
        then: Box<Expr<'src>>,
    },
    Fn {
        name: &'src str,
        args: Vec<&'src str>,
        body: Box<Expr<'src>>,
        then: Box<Expr<'src>>,
    },
}

#[allow(clippy::let_and_return)]
fn parser<'src>() -> impl Parser<'src, &'src str, Expr<'src>> {
    let ident = text::ascii::ident().padded();

    let expr = recursive(|expr| {
        let int = text::int(10).map(|s: &str| Expr::Num(s.parse().unwrap()));

        let call = ident
            .then(
                expr.clone()
                    .separated_by(just(','))
                    .allow_trailing()
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .delimited_by(just('('), just(')')),
            )
            .map(|(f, args)| Expr::Call(f, args));

        let atom = int
            .or(expr.delimited_by(just('('), just(')')))
            .or(call)
            .or(ident.map(Expr::Var))
            .padded();

        let op = |c| just(c).padded();

        let unary = op('-')
            .repeated()
            .foldr(atom, |_op, rhs| Expr::Neg(Box::new(rhs)));

        let product = unary.clone().foldl(
            choice((
                op('*').to(Expr::Mul as fn(_, _) -> _),
                op('/').to(Expr::Div as fn(_, _) -> _),
            ))
            .then(unary)
            .repeated(),
            |lhs, (op, rhs)| op(Box::new(lhs), Box::new(rhs)),
        );

        let sum = product.clone().foldl(
            choice((
                op('+').to(Expr::Add as fn(_, _) -> _),
                op('-').to(Expr::Sub as fn(_, _) -> _),
            ))
            .then(product)
            .repeated(),
            |lhs, (op, rhs)| op(Box::new(lhs), Box::new(rhs)),
        );

        sum
    });

    let decl = recursive(|decl| {
        let r#let = text::ascii::keyword("let")
            .ignore_then(ident)
            .then_ignore(just('='))
            .then(expr.clone())
            .then_ignore(just(';'))
            .then(decl.clone())
            .map(|((name, rhs), then)| Expr::Let {
                name,
                rhs: Box::new(rhs),
                then: Box::new(then),
            });

        let r#fn = text::ascii::keyword("fn")
            .ignore_then(ident)
            .then(ident.repeated().collect::<Vec<_>>())
            .then_ignore(just('='))
            .then(expr.clone())
            .then_ignore(just(';'))
            .then(decl)
            .map(|(((name, args), body), then)| Expr::Fn {
                name,
                args,
                body: Box::new(body),
                then: Box::new(then),
            });

        r#let.or(r#fn).or(expr).padded()
    });

    decl
}

fn eval<'src>(
    expr: &'src Expr<'src>,
    vars: &mut Vec<(&'src str, f64)>,
    funcs: &mut Vec<(&'src str, &'src [&'src str], &'src Expr<'src>)>,
) -> Result<f64, String> {
    match expr {
        Expr::Num(x) => Ok(*x),
        Expr::Neg(a) => Ok(-eval(a, vars, funcs)?),
        Expr::Add(a, b) => Ok(eval(a, vars, funcs)? + eval(b, vars, funcs)?),
        Expr::Sub(a, b) => Ok(eval(a, vars, funcs)? - eval(b, vars, funcs)?),
        Expr::Mul(a, b) => Ok(eval(a, vars, funcs)? * eval(b, vars, funcs)?),
        Expr::Div(a, b) => Ok(eval(a, vars, funcs)? / eval(b, vars, funcs)?),
        Expr::Var(name) => {
            if let Some((_, val)) = vars.iter().rev().find(|(var, _)| var == name) {
                Ok(*val)
            } else {
                Err(format!("Cannot find variable `{name}` in scope"))
            }
        }
        Expr::Let { name, rhs, then } => {
            let rhs = eval(rhs, vars, funcs)?;
            vars.push((*name, rhs));
            let output = eval(then, vars, funcs);
            vars.pop();
            output
        }
        Expr::Call(name, args) => {
            if let Some((_, arg_names, body)) =
                funcs.iter().rev().find(|(var, _, _)| var == name).copied()
            {
                if arg_names.len() == args.len() {
                    let mut args = args
                        .iter()
                        .map(|arg| eval(arg, vars, funcs))
                        .zip(arg_names.iter())
                        .map(|(val, name)| Ok((*name, val?)))
                        .collect::<Result<_, String>>()?;
                    let old_vars = vars.len();
                    vars.append(&mut args);
                    let output = eval(body, vars, funcs);
                    vars.truncate(old_vars);
                    output
                } else {
                    Err(format!(
                        "Wrong number of arguments for function `{name}`: expected {}, found {}",
                        arg_names.len(),
                        args.len(),
                    ))
                }
            } else {
                Err(format!("Cannot find function `{name}` in scope"))
            }
        }
        Expr::Fn {
            name,
            args,
            body,
            then,
        } => {
            funcs.push((name, args, body));
            let output = eval(then, vars, funcs);
            funcs.pop();
            output
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let usage = "Run `cargo run --example foo -- examples/sample.foo`";
    let src = std::fs::read_to_string(std::env::args().nth(1).expect(usage)).expect(usage);

    match parser().parse(&src).into_result() {
        Ok(ast) => match eval(&ast, &mut Vec::new(), &mut Vec::new()) {
            Ok(output) => println!("{output}"),
            Err(eval_err) => println!("Evaluation error: {eval_err}"),
        },
        Err(parse_errs) => parse_errs
            .into_iter()
            .for_each(|err| println!("Parse error: {err}")),
    };
}