cfgmatic-source 2.2.0

//! Environment variable source implementation.
//!
//! [`EnvSource`] loads configuration from environment variables.
//! Supports prefix filtering, key mapping, and nested structures.

use std::collections::HashMap;

use crate::constants::{DEFAULT_ENV_PREFIX, ENV_KEY_SEPARATOR};
use crate::domain::{Format, RawContent, Result, Source, SourceError, SourceKind, SourceMetadata};

/// Configuration for environment source.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct EnvConfig {
    /// Prefix for environment variables (default: "APP").
    pub prefix: String,
    /// Separator for nested keys (default: "_").
    pub separator: char,
    /// Whether to convert keys to lowercase.
    pub lowercase_keys: bool,
    /// Custom key mappings.
    pub key_mappings: HashMap<String, String>,
}

impl Default for EnvConfig {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            prefix: DEFAULT_ENV_PREFIX.to_string(),
            separator: ENV_KEY_SEPARATOR,
            lowercase_keys: true,
            key_mappings: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl EnvConfig {
    /// Create a new env config with defaults.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self::default()
    }

    /// Set the prefix for environment variables.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn prefix(mut self, prefix: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.prefix = prefix.into();
        self
    }

    /// Set the separator for nested keys.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn separator(mut self, sep: char) -> Self {
        self.separator = sep;
        self
    }

    /// Set whether to convert keys to lowercase.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn lowercase_keys(mut self, lowercase: bool) -> Self {
        self.lowercase_keys = lowercase;
        self
    }

    /// Add a custom key mapping.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn with_mapping(mut self, from: impl Into<String>, to: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.key_mappings.insert(from.into(), to.into());
        self
    }
}

/// Builder for [`EnvSource`].
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct EnvSourceBuilder {
    config: EnvConfig,
    required: bool,
    overrides: HashMap<String, String>,
}

impl EnvSourceBuilder {
    /// Create a new builder.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            config: EnvConfig::default(),
            required: false,
            overrides: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Set the env configuration.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn config(mut self, config: EnvConfig) -> Self {
        self.config = config;
        self
    }

    /// Set the prefix for environment variables.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn prefix(mut self, prefix: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.config.prefix = prefix.into();
        self
    }

    /// Set whether the source is required.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn required(mut self, required: bool) -> Self {
        self.required = required;
        self
    }

    /// Add an override value (useful for testing).
    #[must_use]
    pub fn with_override(mut self, key: impl Into<String>, value: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.overrides.insert(key.into(), value.into());
        self
    }

    /// Add multiple override values.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn with_overrides(mut self, overrides: HashMap<String, String>) -> Self {
        self.overrides.extend(overrides);
        self
    }

    /// Build the env source.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn build(self) -> EnvSource {
        EnvSource {
            config: self.config,
            required: self.required,
            overrides: self.overrides,
        }
    }
}

impl Default for EnvSourceBuilder {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

/// Environment-based configuration source.
///
/// Loads configuration from environment variables.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust,ignore
/// use cfgmatic_source::EnvSource;
///
/// let source = EnvSource::builder()
///     .prefix("MYAPP")
///     .required(false)
///     .build();
///
/// let raw = source.load_raw()?;
/// ```
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct EnvSource {
    /// Environment configuration.
    config: EnvConfig,
    /// Whether the source is required.
    required: bool,
    /// Override values (for testing).
    overrides: HashMap<String, String>,
}

impl EnvSource {
    /// Create a new env source with default configuration.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            config: EnvConfig::default(),
            required: false,
            overrides: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Create a builder for env source.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn builder() -> EnvSourceBuilder {
        EnvSourceBuilder::new()
    }

    /// Create an env source with a specific prefix.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn with_prefix(prefix: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        Self {
            config: EnvConfig {
                prefix: prefix.into(),
                ..EnvConfig::default()
            },
            required: false,
            overrides: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Collect all matching environment variables.
    fn collect_vars(&self) -> HashMap<String, String> {
        let mut result = HashMap::new();
        let prefix_with_sep = format!("{}{}", self.config.prefix, self.config.separator);

        // First, add overrides that match prefix
        for (key, value) in &self.overrides {
            if key.starts_with(&prefix_with_sep) {
                result.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
            }
        }

        // Then, add actual environment variables
        for (key, value) in std::env::vars() {
            if key.starts_with(&prefix_with_sep) {
                result.insert(key, value);
            }
        }

        result
    }

    /// Convert collected vars to a JSON-like structure.
    fn vars_to_nested_map(&self, vars: HashMap<String, String>) -> serde_json::Value {
        let prefix_with_sep = format!("{}{}", self.config.prefix, self.config.separator);
        let mut result = serde_json::Map::new();

        for (key, value) in vars {
            // Remove prefix
            let key_without_prefix = key.strip_prefix(&prefix_with_sep).unwrap_or(&key);

            // Apply key mapping if exists
            let mapped_key = self
                .config
                .key_mappings
                .get(key_without_prefix)
                .map(|s| s.as_str())
                .unwrap_or(key_without_prefix);

            // Split by separator and create nested structure
            let parts: Vec<&str> = mapped_key.split(self.config.separator).collect();
            Self::insert_nested(&mut result, &parts, value);
        }

        serde_json::Value::Object(result)
    }

    /// Insert a value into a nested map structure.
    fn insert_nested(
        map: &mut serde_json::Map<String, serde_json::Value>,
        parts: &[&str],
        value: String,
    ) {
        if parts.is_empty() {
            return;
        }

        if parts.len() == 1 {
            // Try to parse as JSON value, otherwise use as string
            let json_value =
                serde_json::from_str(&value).unwrap_or_else(|_| serde_json::Value::String(value));
            map.insert(parts[0].to_string(), json_value);
            return;
        }

        let first = parts[0];
        let rest = &parts[1..];

        let child = map
            .entry(first.to_string())
            .or_insert_with(|| serde_json::Value::Object(serde_json::Map::new()));

        if let serde_json::Value::Object(child_map) = child {
            Self::insert_nested(child_map, rest, value);
        }
    }
}

impl Default for EnvSource {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl Source for EnvSource {
    fn kind(&self) -> SourceKind {
        SourceKind::Env
    }

    fn metadata(&self) -> SourceMetadata {
        SourceMetadata::new(format!("env:{}", self.config.prefix))
            .with_env_var(&self.config.prefix)
            .with_priority(200)
            .with_optional(!self.required)
    }

    fn load_raw(&self) -> Result<RawContent> {
        let vars = self.collect_vars();

        if vars.is_empty() && self.required {
            return Err(SourceError::not_found(
                "No matching environment variables found",
            ));
        }

        let json_value = self.vars_to_nested_map(vars);
        let content = serde_json::to_string(&json_value)
            .map_err(|e| SourceError::serialization(&e.to_string()))?;

        Ok(RawContent::from_string(content))
    }

    fn detect_format(&self) -> Option<Format> {
        // Environment variables are converted to JSON
        Some(Format::Json)
    }

    fn is_required(&self) -> bool {
        self.required
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "async")]
mod async_impl {
    use super::*;
    use async_trait::async_trait;

    #[async_trait]
    impl Source for EnvSource {
        async fn load_raw_async(&self) -> Result<RawContent> {
            // Environment variables are always sync, so just delegate
            self.load_raw()
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_env_config_default() {
        let config = EnvConfig::default();
        assert_eq!(config.prefix, "APP");
        assert_eq!(config.separator, '_');
        assert!(config.lowercase_keys);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_env_config_builder() {
        let config = EnvConfig::new()
            .prefix("MYAPP")
            .separator(':')
            .lowercase_keys(false);

        assert_eq!(config.prefix, "MYAPP");
        assert_eq!(config.separator, ':');
        assert!(!config.lowercase_keys);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_env_source_builder() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder().prefix("TEST").required(true).build();

        assert!(source.is_required());
        assert_eq!(source.config.prefix, "TEST");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_env_source_with_overrides() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder()
            .prefix("TEST")
            .with_override("TEST_NAME", "test-value")
            .with_override("TEST_NESTED_KEY", "nested-value")
            .build();

        let vars = source.collect_vars();
        assert_eq!(vars.get("TEST_NAME"), Some(&"test-value".to_string()));
        assert_eq!(
            vars.get("TEST_NESTED_KEY"),
            Some(&"nested-value".to_string())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_vars_to_nested_map() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder()
            .prefix("TEST")
            .with_override("TEST_NAME", "myapp")
            .with_override("TEST_SERVER_HOST", "localhost")
            .with_override("TEST_SERVER_PORT", "8080")
            .build();

        let vars = source.collect_vars();
        let nested = source.vars_to_nested_map(vars);

        assert_eq!(nested.get("name"), Some(&serde_json::json!("myapp")));
        assert!(nested.get("server").is_some());

        let server = nested.get("server").unwrap().as_object().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(server.get("host"), Some(&serde_json::json!("localhost")));
        assert_eq!(server.get("port"), Some(&serde_json::json!(8080)));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_load_raw_with_overrides() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder()
            .prefix("TEST")
            .with_override("TEST_NAME", "test-app")
            .with_override("TEST_VALUE", "42")
            .build();

        let raw = source.load_raw().unwrap();
        let content = raw.as_str().unwrap();

        #[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize, PartialEq)]
        struct TestConfig {
            name: String,
            value: u32,
        }

        let config: TestConfig = serde_json::from_str(content.as_ref()).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(config.name, "test-app");
        assert_eq!(config.value, 42);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_metadata() {
        let source = EnvSource::with_prefix("MYAPP");
        let meta = source.metadata();

        assert_eq!(meta.name, "env:MYAPP");
        assert_eq!(source.kind(), SourceKind::Env);
        assert_eq!(meta.priority, 200);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_key_mapping() {
        let config = EnvConfig::new()
            .prefix("TEST")
            .with_mapping("OLD_KEY", "new_key");

        let source = EnvSource {
            config,
            required: false,
            overrides: [("TEST_OLD_KEY".to_string(), "value".to_string())]
                .into_iter()
                .collect(),
        };

        let vars = source.collect_vars();
        let nested = source.vars_to_nested_map(vars);

        assert_eq!(nested.get("new_key"), Some(&serde_json::json!("value")));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_empty_source() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder()
            .prefix("NONEXISTENT_PREFIX_XYZ")
            .required(false)
            .build();

        let raw = source.load_raw().unwrap();
        let content = raw.as_str().unwrap();

        // Should return empty JSON object
        assert_eq!(content.as_ref(), "{}");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_json_value_parsing() {
        let source = EnvSource::builder()
            .prefix("TEST")
            .with_override("TEST_NUMBERS", "[1, 2, 3]")
            .with_override("TEST_ENABLED", "true")
            .with_override("TEST_RATIO", "3.14")
            .build();

        let raw = source.load_raw().unwrap();
        let content = raw.as_str().unwrap();

        #[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize, PartialEq)]
        struct TestConfig {
            numbers: Vec<i32>,
            enabled: bool,
            ratio: f64,
        }

        let config: TestConfig = serde_json::from_str(content.as_ref()).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(config.numbers, vec![1, 2, 3]);
        assert!(config.enabled);
        assert!((config.ratio - 3.14).abs() < 0.001);
    }
}