captchaforge 0.2.9

//! Generic slider-puzzle solver.
//!
//! Slider captchas (DataDome, GeeTest, PerimeterX/HUMAN, AWS WAF
//! Captcha, Akamai's slider variant, generic homegrown sliders)
//! all share the same UX:
//!
//! 1. Show a background image with a piece-shaped gap.
//! 2. Show a draggable puzzle piece on the side.
//! 3. The user drags the piece into the gap.
//! 4. Server validates by replaying the trajectory + landing offset.
//!
//! The protocols differ in detail (DataDome posts cookies,
//! GeeTest posts a JSON challenge, PX posts an event stream) but
//! the *click-and-drag* mechanic is identical.
//!
//! `SliderCaptchaSolver` handles the mechanic in three steps:
//!
//! 1. **Locate** the puzzle canvas + the draggable handle via
//!    well-known selectors per vendor.
//! 2. **Detect the gap** by reading the puzzle canvas pixels and
//!    finding the column with the largest brightness delta against
//!    its neighbour (the gap edge). Done in-page via canvas
//!    `getImageData` so we don't move pixels over CDP.
//! 3. **Drag** the handle to the gap with a Bézier trajectory,
//!    realistic acceleration / deceleration / micro-jitter / slight
//!    overshoot + correction. Uses the same physics as the
//!    behavioural mouse layer.
//!
//! When detection fails (no canvas, or unrecognised vendor selector
//! set), `solve()` returns failure cleanly so the chain falls
//! through. Each vendor-specific solver (`DataDomeSolver`,
//! `GeeTestV3Solver`, etc.) wraps this generic one with the right
//! selectors + post-success cookie/token harvesting.

use super::*;
use crate::captcha_detect::DetectedCaptcha;
use rand::{Rng, SeedableRng};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

/// Per-vendor selector triple: canvas (for gap detection), handle
/// (the draggable element), and an optional success-marker selector
/// to poll after dragging.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct SliderSelectors {
    pub canvas: &'static str,
    pub handle: &'static str,
    pub success_marker: Option<&'static str>,
}

/// JS that finds a puzzle canvas, scans pixel columns for the gap
/// (sharp brightness delta), and returns the gap's centre x in
/// canvas-local coordinates. Returns null when no canvas / no gap
/// signal found.
const GAP_DETECT_JS: &str = r#"
(canvasSelector) => {
    const canvas = document.querySelector(canvasSelector);
    if (!canvas || !(canvas instanceof HTMLCanvasElement)) return null;
    const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
    if (!ctx) return null;
    let img;
    try { img = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); }
    catch (e) { return null; /* CORS-tainted */ }
    const w = img.width, h = img.height, data = img.data;

    /* Per-column average luminance, then find the column with the
       largest delta vs its neighbour (the gap edge). */
    const lum = new Float32Array(w);
    for (let x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        let sum = 0;
        for (let y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            const i = (y * w + x) * 4;
            sum += 0.299 * data[i] + 0.587 * data[i+1] + 0.114 * data[i+2];
        }
        lum[x] = sum / h;
    }
    let bestX = -1, bestDelta = 0;
    for (let x = 1; x < w - 1; x++) {
        const d = Math.abs(lum[x] - lum[x-1]) + Math.abs(lum[x+1] - lum[x]);
        if (d > bestDelta) { bestDelta = d; bestX = x; }
    }
    if (bestX < 0 || bestDelta < 6) return null; /* too noisy */
    return { gapX: bestX, canvasWidth: w };
}
"#;

/// JS that returns the handle's bounding-rect centre + the
/// canvas's bounding-rect left, in viewport coordinates. Lets the
/// solver translate canvas-local gap-x into a target-x to drag to.
const ANCHORS_JS: &str = r#"
(canvasSelector, handleSelector) => {
    const canvas = document.querySelector(canvasSelector);
    const handle = document.querySelector(handleSelector);
    if (!canvas || !handle) return null;
    const c = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
    const h = handle.getBoundingClientRect();
    return {
        canvasLeft: c.left, canvasTop: c.top,
        canvasWidth: c.width, canvasHeight: c.height,
        handleX: h.left + h.width / 2,
        handleY: h.top + h.height / 2,
        handleWidth: h.width
    };
}
"#;

/// Solver for slider-puzzle captchas. Generic across vendors;
/// caller supplies the per-vendor selectors.
pub struct SliderCaptchaSolver {
    /// Vendor-specific selectors. The default constructor walks a
    /// list of well-known selectors and uses the first match.
    selectors: Vec<SliderSelectors>,
}

impl Default for SliderCaptchaSolver {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl SliderCaptchaSolver {
    /// Construct with a built-in selector set covering the major
    /// vendors. The solver tries each set in order until one
    /// matches the page.
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            selectors: vec![
                // GeeTest v3
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: ".geetest_canvas_slice",
                    handle: ".geetest_slider_button",
                    success_marker: Some(".geetest_success"),
                },
                // GeeTest v4
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: ".geetest_item_img",
                    handle: ".geetest_btn",
                    success_marker: Some(".geetest_success_radar_tip"),
                },
                // DataDome
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: "#captcha__puzzle",
                    handle: "#sliderIcon",
                    success_marker: None,
                },
                // PerimeterX / HUMAN
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: ".px-captcha-puzzle",
                    handle: ".px-captcha-slider",
                    success_marker: Some(".px-captcha-success"),
                },
                // AWS WAF Captcha
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: "[data-puzzle-canvas]",
                    handle: "[data-puzzle-slider]",
                    success_marker: None,
                },
                // Yandex SmartCaptcha (slider variant)
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: ".SmartCaptcha-CheckboxCaptcha-Image",
                    handle: ".SmartCaptcha-CheckboxCaptcha-Slider",
                    success_marker: Some(".SmartCaptcha-checked"),
                },
                // Tencent Captcha (slider variant)
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: "#tcaptcha_drag_button + .tcaptcha-bg",
                    handle: "#tcaptcha_drag_button",
                    success_marker: None,
                },
                // KeyCaptcha
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: "#capcode .keycaptcha-bg",
                    handle: "#capcode .keycaptcha-button",
                    success_marker: None,
                },
                // Generic (homegrown sliders)
                SliderSelectors {
                    canvas: ".slider-captcha-canvas",
                    handle: ".slider-captcha-handle",
                    success_marker: Some(".slider-captcha-success"),
                },
            ],
        }
    }

    /// Override the selector list (for vendors not in the default
    /// set, or to force a specific one).
    pub fn with_selectors(mut self, selectors: Vec<SliderSelectors>) -> Self {
        self.selectors = selectors;
        self
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize)]
struct GapResult {
    #[serde(rename = "gapX")]
    gap_x: f64,
    #[serde(rename = "canvasWidth")]
    canvas_width: f64,
}

#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize)]
struct Anchors {
    #[serde(rename = "canvasLeft")]
    canvas_left: f64,
    #[serde(rename = "handleX")]
    handle_x: f64,
    #[serde(rename = "handleY")]
    handle_y: f64,
    #[serde(rename = "handleWidth")]
    handle_width: f64,
    #[serde(rename = "canvasWidth")]
    canvas_width: f64,
}

#[async_trait]
impl CaptchaSolver for SliderCaptchaSolver {
    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
        "SliderCaptchaSolver"
    }

    fn method(&self) -> SolveMethod {
        SolveMethod::BehavioralBypass
    }

    fn supports(&self, kind: &DetectedCaptcha) -> bool {
        match kind {
            DetectedCaptcha::SliderCaptcha => true,
            DetectedCaptcha::Custom(name) => matches!(
                name.as_str(),
                "datadome"
                    | "geetest_v3"
                    | "geetest_v4"
                    | "perimeterx_human"
                    | "aws_waf_captcha"
                    | "akamai_bot_manager"
                    | "yandex_smartcaptcha"
                    | "tencent_captcha"
                    | "keycaptcha"
            ),
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    async fn solve(&self, page: &Page, _info: &CaptchaInfo) -> Result<CaptchaSolveResult> {
        let t0 = Instant::now();

        for sel in &self.selectors {
            // Try gap detection on this selector set.
            let gap_js = format!(
                "({})({})",
                GAP_DETECT_JS,
                serde_json::to_string(sel.canvas).unwrap_or_else(|_| "\"\"".into())
            );
            let gap_raw = match page.evaluate(gap_js).await {
                Ok(r) => r,
                Err(_) => continue,
            };
            let gap: Option<GapResult> = gap_raw.into_value().ok().flatten();
            let Some(gap) = gap else { continue };

            // Get anchor coordinates so we can map canvas-local gapX
            // to viewport-coordinate target.
            let anchors_js = format!(
                "({})({},{})",
                ANCHORS_JS,
                serde_json::to_string(sel.canvas).unwrap_or_else(|_| "\"\"".into()),
                serde_json::to_string(sel.handle).unwrap_or_else(|_| "\"\"".into())
            );
            let anchors_raw = match page.evaluate(anchors_js).await {
                Ok(r) => r,
                Err(_) => continue,
            };
            let anchors: Option<Anchors> = anchors_raw.into_value().ok().flatten();
            let Some(anchors) = anchors else { continue };

            // Map gap from canvas-local to viewport. The puzzle
            // piece's centre needs to land at canvas_left +
            // (gap_x / canvas_width) * canvas_width = canvas_left + gap_x
            // (canvas_width on the JS side equals canvas natural
            // width, but we already renormalised — gap_x is the px
            // column index in the bitmap, anchors.canvas_width is
            // the on-screen rect width; handle the ratio).
            let scale = anchors.canvas_width / gap.canvas_width.max(1.0);
            let target_x = anchors.canvas_left + gap.gap_x * scale - anchors.handle_width / 2.0;

            // Drag with realistic Bézier trajectory + jitter +
            // slight overshoot.
            drag_handle(
                page,
                anchors.handle_x,
                anchors.handle_y,
                target_x,
                anchors.handle_y,
            )
            .await?;

            // Optionally wait for a success marker.
            if let Some(marker) = sel.success_marker {
                let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
                while Instant::now() < deadline {
                    let exists_js = format!(
                        "(() => !!document.querySelector({}))()",
                        serde_json::to_string(marker).unwrap_or_else(|_| "\"\"".into())
                    );
                    if let Ok(raw) = page.evaluate(exists_js).await {
                        if raw.into_value::<bool>().unwrap_or(false) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(150)).await;
                }
            }

            let cookies = crate::cookies::capture_from_page(page)
                .await
                .unwrap_or_default();
            return Ok(CaptchaSolveResult {
                solution: format!("slider-drag-{}", gap.gap_x as i64),
                confidence: 0.8,
                method: self.method(),
                time_ms: t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
                success: true,
                screenshot: None,
                cookies,
            });
        }

        Ok(CaptchaSolveResult::failure(
            self.method(),
            t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
        ))
    }
}

/// Drag a captcha handle from (x0, y0) to (x1, y1) with realistic
/// physics. Uses CDP-level mouse events via page.evaluate so we
/// don't depend on the chromiumoxide mouse API surface.
async fn drag_handle(page: &Page, x0: f64, y0: f64, x1: f64, y1: f64) -> Result<()> {
    let mut rng = rand::rngs::StdRng::from_entropy();
    // mousedown at (x0, y0)
    let _ = page
        .evaluate(format!(
            "(() => {{ const e = new MouseEvent('mousedown', {{ \
                bubbles: true, button: 0, clientX: {x}, clientY: {y} \
            }}); document.elementFromPoint({x}, {y})?.dispatchEvent(e); }})()",
            x = x0,
            y = y0
        ))
        .await;

    // Bezier trajectory with slight overshoot
    let overshoot = rng.gen_range(8.0..18.0);
    let cx1 = x0 + (x1 - x0) * 0.3 + rng.gen_range(-15.0..15.0);
    let cy1 = y0 + rng.gen_range(-10.0..10.0);
    let cx2 = x0 + (x1 - x0) * 0.7 + rng.gen_range(-15.0..15.0);
    let cy2 = y1 + rng.gen_range(-10.0..10.0);
    let steps = 28;
    for i in 0..=steps {
        let t = i as f64 / steps as f64;
        let omt = 1.0 - t;
        let bx = omt.powi(3) * x0
            + 3.0 * omt.powi(2) * t * cx1
            + 3.0 * omt * t.powi(2) * cx2
            + t.powi(3) * (x1 + overshoot);
        let by = omt.powi(3) * y0
            + 3.0 * omt.powi(2) * t * cy1
            + 3.0 * omt * t.powi(2) * cy2
            + t.powi(3) * y1;
        let _ = page
            .evaluate(format!(
                "(() => {{ const e = new MouseEvent('mousemove', {{ \
                    bubbles: true, button: 0, clientX: {x}, clientY: {y} \
                }}); document.elementFromPoint({x}, {y})?.dispatchEvent(e); }})()",
                x = bx,
                y = by
            ))
            .await;
        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(rng.gen_range(8..18))).await;
    }
    // Correction: pull back from overshoot to landing
    for i in 0..6 {
        let t = i as f64 / 5.0;
        let bx = x1 + overshoot * (1.0 - t);
        let _ = page
            .evaluate(format!(
                "(() => {{ const e = new MouseEvent('mousemove', {{ \
                    bubbles: true, button: 0, clientX: {x}, clientY: {y} \
                }}); document.elementFromPoint({x}, {y})?.dispatchEvent(e); }})()",
                x = bx,
                y = y1
            ))
            .await;
        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(rng.gen_range(20..40))).await;
    }
    // mouseup at (x1, y1)
    let _ = page
        .evaluate(format!(
            "(() => {{ const e = new MouseEvent('mouseup', {{ \
                bubbles: true, button: 0, clientX: {x}, clientY: {y} \
            }}); document.elementFromPoint({x}, {y})?.dispatchEvent(e); }})()",
            x = x1,
            y = y1
        ))
        .await;
    Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn defaults_cover_major_vendors() {
        let s = SliderCaptchaSolver::new();
        let canvases: Vec<_> = s.selectors.iter().map(|x| x.canvas).collect();
        for needle in [
            ".geetest_canvas_slice",
            "#captcha__puzzle",
            ".px-captcha-puzzle",
            "[data-puzzle-canvas]",
        ] {
            assert!(
                canvases.contains(&needle),
                "default selectors must include: {needle}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn supports_slider_and_known_vendors() {
        let s = SliderCaptchaSolver::new();
        assert!(s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::SliderCaptcha));
        assert!(s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Custom("datadome".into())));
        assert!(s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Custom("geetest_v3".into())));
        assert!(s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Custom("perimeterx_human".into())));
        assert!(s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Custom("aws_waf_captcha".into())));
        assert!(!s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Custom("friendly_captcha".into())));
        assert!(!s.supports(&DetectedCaptcha::Turnstile));
    }

    #[test]
    fn name_and_method_stable() {
        let s = SliderCaptchaSolver::new();
        assert_eq!(s.name(), "SliderCaptchaSolver");
        assert_eq!(s.method(), SolveMethod::BehavioralBypass);
    }

    #[test]
    fn with_selectors_overrides_default() {
        let custom = SliderSelectors {
            canvas: ".my-canvas",
            handle: ".my-handle",
            success_marker: None,
        };
        let s = SliderCaptchaSolver::new().with_selectors(vec![custom]);
        assert_eq!(s.selectors.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(s.selectors[0].canvas, ".my-canvas");
    }

    #[test]
    fn gap_detect_js_uses_canvas_imagedata() {
        assert!(GAP_DETECT_JS.contains("getImageData"));
        assert!(GAP_DETECT_JS.contains("HTMLCanvasElement"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn anchors_js_returns_handle_and_canvas_geometry() {
        assert!(ANCHORS_JS.contains("getBoundingClientRect"));
        assert!(ANCHORS_JS.contains("handleX"));
        assert!(ANCHORS_JS.contains("canvasLeft"));
    }
}