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<img src="cans-logo.svg" width="100">
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<h1>CANS</h1>
<p>An elegant and lightweight Rust-based literal template engine</p>
</div>
## Table of Contents
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Changelog](#changelog)
- [Features](#features)
- [Installation](#installation)
- [Usage](#usage)
- [Documentation](#documentation)
- [License](#license)
- [Contributing](#contributing)
- [Donations](#donations)
- [Author](#author)
## Overview
The **CANS** templating engine is an elegant and efficient solution developed in Rust, designed for developers who prioritize simplicity and type safety. This crate allows you to create dynamic web pages and applications with minimal boilerplate code, ensuring that your templates are easy to read and maintain.
While **CANS** is optimized for seamless integration with the [GetPost](https://crates.io/crates/getpost) framework, it also provides the flexibility to work with any framework or content type, making it a versatile choice for a wide range of projects.
## Changelog
[](https://github.com/dr-montasir/cans/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
## Features
- **Simplicity**: Easy-to-read syntax that minimizes boilerplate.
- **Type Safety**: Leverages Rust's type system for safe template rendering.
- **Dynamic Content**: Supports dynamic insertion of values, loops, and conditionals.
- **Integration**: Works seamlessly with various web frameworks.
## Installation
Run the following Cargo command in your project directory:
```shell
cargo add cans
```
or add `cans` to your `Cargo.toml` file:
```toml
[dependencies]
cans = "MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH" # Replace with the latest version
```
## Usage
### Template
CANS provides robust support for templating, including support for handling HTML, looping through collections, and rendering text. Below are some examples demonstrating how to use the `do_html` macro, the `do_forloop` macro, and the `do_text` function.
### Example: Using the do_html Macro
```rust
use cans::html::{do_html, do_text};
pub const HEAD: &str = r#"<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{{page_title}} Page</title>
</head>"#;
pub const HOME_TEMPLATE: &str = r#"<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
{{HEAD}}
<body>
Home Page
</body>
</html>"#;
pub fn do_home_page() -> String {
do_html!(HOME_TEMPLATE, HEAD = HEAD, page_title = do_text("Home"))
}
pub const ABOUT_TEMPLATE: &str = r#"<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
{{HEAD}}
<body>
<p>About Page</p>
{{component_if}}
</body>
</html>"#;
pub fn do_about_page() -> String {
let component_if: &str;
let x = 3;
if x == 1 {
component_if = "<a href='#'><i>x = 1</i></a>";
} else if x == 2 {
component_if = r#"<a href='#'><i>x = {{x}}</i></a>"#;
} else {
component_if = "<a href=\"#\"><i>x ≠ 1 & x ≠ 2. The 'x' value is ( {{x}} )</i></a>";
};
do_html!(
ABOUT_TEMPLATE,
HEAD = HEAD,
page_title = do_text("About"),
component_if = component_if,
x = x // x must be defined after component_if.
)
}
fn main() {
let home_page = do_home_page();
println!("{}", home_page);
let about_page = do_about_page();
println!("{}", about_page);
}
```
```html
<!-- home page output -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Home Page</title>
</head>
<body>
Home Page
</body>
</html>
<!-- about page output -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>About Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>About Page</p>
<a href="#"><i>x ≠ 1 & x ≠ 2. The 'x' value is ( 3 )</i></a>
</body>
</html>
```
### Example: Using the do_forloop Function
```rust
use cans::html::do_forloop;
fn main() {
let items = vec!["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
let list_html = do_forloop(&items, "<ul>", "<li>", "</li>", "</ul>");
println!("{}", list_html);
// Output: <ul><li>Apple</li><li>Banana</li><li>Cherry</li></ul>
let float_vector = vec![1.0, 2.0, 3.0];
let forloop_float = do_forloop(&float_vector, "", "", "", "");
println!("{}", forloop_float);
// Output: 123
}
```
### World Module
A module that encapsulates the management of country details, including functionalities for inserting, deleting, retrieving, and sorting countries. Additionally, it provides features for managing city information within those countries, enabling users to insert, delete, retrieve, and sort city details. This comprehensive management system allows for seamless interaction between countries and their respective cities, facilitating efficient access to geographical and administrative data.
#### Complete example of using the world module
```rust
use cans::world::{City, Country};
fn main() {
// Create the country manager instance
let mut cm = Country::new();
// Example of retrieving all countries
println!("Current Countries: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Inserting a new country with cities
cm.insert_one(
"FR",
vec!["🇫🇷", "33", "France", "EUR", "Paris"],
vec![
City {
name: "Paris",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "48.8566",
longitude: "2.3522",
altitude: "35",
},
City {
name: "Lyon",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "45.763420",
longitude: "4.834277",
altitude: "105",
},
],
);
println!("After Inserting FR: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Inserting multiple countries at once
let new_countries = vec![
(
"IT",
vec!["🇮🇹", "39", "Italy", "EUR", "Rome"],
vec![
City {
name: "Rome",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "41.9028",
longitude: "12.49637",
altitude: "21",
},
City {
name: "Milan",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "45.464664",
longitude: "9.188540",
altitude: "122",
},
],
),
(
"DE",
vec!["🇩🇪", "49", "Germany", "EUR", "Berlin"],
vec![
City {
name: "Berlin",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "52.520008",
longitude: "13.404954",
altitude: "34",
},
City {
name: "Munich",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "48.137154",
longitude: "11.576124",
altitude: "520",
},
],
),
(
"FR",
vec!["🇫🇷", "33", "France", "EUR", "Paris"],
vec![
City {
name: "Paris",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "48.8566",
longitude: "2.3522",
altitude: "35",
},
City {
name: "Lyon",
gmt: vec!["GMT+1", "GMT+2"],
latitude: "45.763420",
longitude: "4.834277",
altitude: "105",
},
],
),
];
// Example of inserting multiple countries
cm.insert_many(new_countries);
println!("After Inserting IT, DE and FR: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Sorting countries in ascending order by name
let sorted_asc = cm.sort_asc();
println!("Countries Sorted Ascending: {:?}", sorted_asc);
// Sorting countries in descending order by name
let sorted_desc = cm.sort_desc();
println!("Countries Sorted Descending: {:?}", sorted_desc);
// Example to retrieve details for Sudan
let name = cm.country_detail("SD", "name");
println!("Country Name: {}", name); // Output the name of the country
let flag = cm.country_detail("SD", "flag");
println!("Flag: {}", flag); // Output the flag of the country
let country_calling_code = cm.country_detail("SD", "calling_code");
println!("Calling Code: {}", country_calling_code); // Output the calling code
let capital = cm.country_detail("SD", "capital");
println!("Capital: {}", capital); // Output the name of the capital city of Sudan
// Retrieve the list of cities in Sudan
let cities = cm.country_detail("SD", "cities");
println!("Cities: {}", cities); // Output the list of cities in Sudan
// Example of retrieving city details for Omdurman in Sudan
let omdurman_details = cm.city_details("SD", "Omdurman");
println!("Omdurman Details: {}", omdurman_details); // Output the details for Omdurman
// Example of retrieving specific detail about Khartoum
let khartoum_gmt = cm.city_detail("SD", "Khartoum", "gmt"); // Example of retrieving GMT for Khartoum
let omdurman_altitude = cm.city_detail("SD", "Omdurman", "altitude"); // Example of retrieving altitude for Omdurman
let bahri_altitude = cm.city_detail("SD", "Khartoum Bahri", "altitude"); // Example of retrieving altitude for Khartoum Bahri
println!("Khartoum GMT: {}", khartoum_gmt);
println!("Omdurman Altitude: {}", omdurman_altitude);
println!("Khartoum Bahri Altitude: {}", bahri_altitude);
// Example of adding a new city to an existing country (Saudi Arabia - "SA")
let new_city = City {
name: "Dammam",
gmt: vec!["GMT+3"],
latitude: "26.4201",
longitude: "50.0888",
altitude: "5",
};
// Insert the new city into Saudi Arabia
cm.insert_one_city("SA", new_city);
// Retrieving the updated country details to see the new city (altitude = "5")
let updated_details_1 = cm.retrieve().get("SA").unwrap();
println!(
"Updated details (1) for Saudi Arabia: {:?}",
updated_details_1
);
// Example of adding multiple new cities to an existing country (Saudi Arabia - "SA")
let new_cities = vec![
City {
name: "Dammam",
gmt: vec!["GMT+3"],
latitude: "26.4201",
longitude: "50.0888",
altitude: "6",
},
City {
name: "Khobar",
gmt: vec!["GMT+3"],
latitude: "26.3040",
longitude: "50.1998",
altitude: "15",
},
];
// Insert the new cities into Saudi Arabia
cm.insert_many_cities("SA", new_cities);
// Retrieving the updated country details to see the new added cities (Dammam: altitude = "6")
let updated_details_2 = cm.retrieve().get("SA").unwrap();
println!(
"Updated details (2) for Saudi Arabia: {:?}",
updated_details_2
);
println!("Current Countries: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Fetching a country not in the database
let invalid_country_code = "XYZ";
let invalid_details = cm.country_details(invalid_country_code);
println!("Invalid Country Details: {}", invalid_details);
// Deletion examples
// 1. Delete a single city
cm.delete_one_city("SA", "Dammam");
println!(
"Cities after deleting Dammam: {:?}",
cm.retrieve().get("SA").unwrap().cities
);
// 2. Delete multiple cities
cm.delete_many_cities("SA", &["Khobar", "Jeddah"]);
println!(
"Cities after deleting Khobar and Jeddah: {:?}",
cm.retrieve().get("SA").unwrap().cities
);
// 3. Delete all cities
cm.delete_all_cities("SA");
println!(
"Cities after deleting all cities: {:?}",
cm.retrieve().get("SA").unwrap().cities
);
// Testing delete_one
cm.delete_one("FR");
println!("After Deleting FR: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Testing delete_many
cm.delete_many(&["IT", "DE"]);
println!("After Deleting IT and DE: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
// Testing delete_all
cm.delete_all();
println!("After Deleting All: {:?}", cm.retrieve());
}
```
#### Output
```json
Current Countries: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
After Inserting FR: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "FR": Details { flag: "🇫🇷", calling_code: "33", name: "France", currency: "EUR", capital: "Paris", cities: [City { name: "Paris", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.8566", longitude: "2.3522", altitude: "35" }, City { name: "Lyon", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.763420", longitude: "4.834277", altitude: "105" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
After Inserting IT, DE and FR: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "FR": Details { flag: "🇫🇷", calling_code: "33", name: "France", currency: "EUR", capital: "Paris", cities: [City { name: "Paris", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.8566", longitude: "2.3522", altitude: "35" }, City { name: "Lyon", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.763420", longitude: "4.834277", altitude: "105" }] }, "IT": Details { flag: "🇮🇹", calling_code: "39", name: "Italy", currency: "EUR", capital: "Rome", cities: [City { name: "Rome", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "41.9028", longitude: "12.49637", altitude: "21" }, City { name: "Milan", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.464664", longitude: "9.188540", altitude: "122" }] }, "DE": Details { flag: "🇩🇪", calling_code: "49", name: "Germany", currency: "EUR", capital: "Berlin", cities: [City { name: "Berlin", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "52.520008", longitude: "13.404954", altitude: "34" }, City { name: "Munich", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.137154", longitude: "11.576124", altitude: "520" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
Countries Sorted Ascending: [Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }, Details { flag: "🇫🇷", calling_code: "33", name: "France", currency: "EUR", capital: "Paris", cities: [City { name: "Paris", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.8566", longitude: "2.3522", altitude: "35" }, City { name: "Lyon", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.763420", longitude: "4.834277", altitude: "105" }] }, Details { flag: "🇩🇪", calling_code: "49", name: "Germany", currency: "EUR", capital: "Berlin", cities: [City { name: "Berlin", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "52.520008", longitude: "13.404954", altitude: "34" }, City { name: "Munich", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.137154", longitude: "11.576124", altitude: "520" }] }, Details { flag: "🇮🇹", calling_code: "39", name: "Italy", currency: "EUR", capital: "Rome", cities: [City { name: "Rome", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "41.9028", longitude: "12.49637", altitude: "21" }, City { name: "Milan", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.464664", longitude: "9.188540", altitude: "122" }] }, Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }] }, Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }]
Countries Sorted Descending: [Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }] }, Details { flag: "🇮🇹", calling_code: "39", name: "Italy", currency: "EUR", capital: "Rome", cities: [City { name: "Rome", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "41.9028", longitude: "12.49637", altitude: "21" }, City { name: "Milan", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.464664", longitude: "9.188540", altitude: "122" }] }, Details { flag: "🇩🇪", calling_code: "49", name: "Germany", currency: "EUR", capital: "Berlin", cities: [City { name: "Berlin", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "52.520008", longitude: "13.404954", altitude: "34" }, City { name: "Munich", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.137154", longitude: "11.576124", altitude: "520" }] }, Details { flag: "🇫🇷", calling_code: "33", name: "France", currency: "EUR", capital: "Paris", cities: [City { name: "Paris", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.8566", longitude: "2.3522", altitude: "35" }, City { name: "Lyon", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.763420", longitude: "4.834277", altitude: "105" }] }, Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }, Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }]
Country Name: Sudan
Flag: 🇸🇩
Calling Code: 249
Capital: Khartoum
Cities: [{ "name": "Khartoum", "gmt": ["GMT+2"], "latitude": "15.5007", "longitude": "32.5599", "altitude": "385" }, { "name": "Omdurman", "gmt": ["GMT+2"], "latitude": "15.6866", "longitude": "32.4752", "altitude": "375" }, { "name": "Khartoum Bahri", "gmt": ["GMT+2"], "latitude": "15.6151", "longitude": "32.552", "altitude": "360" }]
Omdurman Details: { "name": "Omdurman", "gmt": ["GMT+2"], "latitude": "15.6866", "longitude": "32.4752", "altitude": "375" }
Khartoum GMT: GMT+2
Omdurman Altitude: 375
Khartoum Bahri Altitude: 360
Updated details (1) for Saudi Arabia: Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }, City { name: "Dammam", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.4201", longitude: "50.0888", altitude: "5" }] }
Updated details (2) for Saudi Arabia: Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }, City { name: "Dammam", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.4201", longitude: "50.0888", altitude: "6" }, City { name: "Khobar", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.3040", longitude: "50.1998", altitude: "15" }] }
Current Countries: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }, City { name: "Dammam", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.4201", longitude: "50.0888", altitude: "6" }, City { name: "Khobar", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.3040", longitude: "50.1998", altitude: "15" }] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "FR": Details { flag: "🇫🇷", calling_code: "33", name: "France", currency: "EUR", capital: "Paris", cities: [City { name: "Paris", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.8566", longitude: "2.3522", altitude: "35" }, City { name: "Lyon", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.763420", longitude: "4.834277", altitude: "105" }] }, "IT": Details { flag: "🇮🇹", calling_code: "39", name: "Italy", currency: "EUR", capital: "Rome", cities: [City { name: "Rome", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "41.9028", longitude: "12.49637", altitude: "21" }, City { name: "Milan", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.464664", longitude: "9.188540", altitude: "122" }] }, "DE": Details { flag: "🇩🇪", calling_code: "49", name: "Germany", currency: "EUR", capital: "Berlin", cities: [City { name: "Berlin", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "52.520008", longitude: "13.404954", altitude: "34" }, City { name: "Munich", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.137154", longitude: "11.576124", altitude: "520" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
Invalid Country Details: { "flag": "", "calling_code": "", "name": "", "capital": "", "currency": "", "cities": [] }
Cities after deleting Dammam: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }, City { name: "Jeddah", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "21.2854", longitude: "39.2376", altitude: "12" }, City { name: "Khobar", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.3040", longitude: "50.1998", altitude: "15" }]
Cities after deleting Khobar and Jeddah: [City { name: "Riyadh", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "24.7136", longitude: "46.6753", altitude: "612" }]
Cities after deleting all cities: []
After Deleting FR: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "IT": Details { flag: "🇮🇹", calling_code: "39", name: "Italy", currency: "EUR", capital: "Rome", cities: [City { name: "Rome", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "41.9028", longitude: "12.49637", altitude: "21" }, City { name: "Milan", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "45.464664", longitude: "9.188540", altitude: "122" }] }, "DE": Details { flag: "🇩🇪", calling_code: "49", name: "Germany", currency: "EUR", capital: "Berlin", cities: [City { name: "Berlin", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "52.520008", longitude: "13.404954", altitude: "34" }, City { name: "Munich", gmt: ["GMT+1", "GMT+2"], latitude: "48.137154", longitude: "11.576124", altitude: "520" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
After Deleting IT and DE: {"DZ": Details { flag: "🇩🇿", calling_code: "213", name: "Algeria", currency: "DZD", capital: "Algiers", cities: [City { name: "Algiers", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "36.737232", longitude: "3.086472", altitude: "424" }, City { name: "Oran", gmt: ["GMT+1"], latitude: "35.69694440", longitude: "0.63305560", altitude: "0.9" }] }, "GB": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Manchester", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "53.4808", longitude: "-2.2426", altitude: "38" }] }, "SD": Details { flag: "🇸🇩", calling_code: "249", name: "Sudan", currency: "SDG", capital: "Khartoum", cities: [City { name: "Khartoum", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.5007", longitude: "32.5599", altitude: "385" }, City { name: "Omdurman", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6866", longitude: "32.4752", altitude: "375" }, City { name: "Khartoum Bahri", gmt: ["GMT+2"], latitude: "15.6151", longitude: "32.552", altitude: "360" }] }, "SA": Details { flag: "🇸🇦", calling_code: "966", name: "Saudi Arabia", currency: "SAR", capital: "Riyadh", cities: [] }, "BH": Details { flag: "🇧🇭", calling_code: "973", name: "Bahrain", currency: "BHD", capital: "Manama", cities: [City { name: "Manama", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.22787", longitude: "50.58565", altitude: "10" }, City { name: "Riffa", gmt: ["GMT+3"], latitude: "26.129999", longitude: "50.555000", altitude: "15" }] }, "US": Details { flag: "🇺🇸", calling_code: "1", name: "United States", currency: "USD", capital: "Washington, D.C.", cities: [City { name: "Washington, D.C.", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "38.89511", longitude: "-77.03637", altitude: "125" }, City { name: "New York", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "40.730610", longitude: "-73.935242", altitude: "10" }] }, "UK": Details { flag: "🇬🇧", calling_code: "44", name: "United Kingdom", currency: "GBP", capital: "London", cities: [City { name: "London", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "51.509865", longitude: "-0.118092", altitude: "24" }, City { name: "Birmingham", gmt: ["GMT+0", "GMT+1"], latitude: "52.4862", longitude: "-1.8904", altitude: "150" }] }, "CA": Details { flag: "🇨🇦", calling_code: "1", name: "Canada", currency: "CAD", capital: "Ottawa", cities: [City { name: "Ottawa", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "45.4215", longitude: "-75.6972", altitude: "70" }, City { name: "Toronto", gmt: ["GMT-5", "GMT-4"], latitude: "43.65107", longitude: "-79.347015", altitude: "76.5" }] }}
After Deleting All: {}
```
## Documentation
For a detailed API reference, visit the [CANS Documentation](https://docs.rs/cans/latest/cans).
## Contributing
Contributions are welcome! If you have suggestions or improvements, feel free to submit an issue or a pull request.
## License
This project is licensed under the MIT or Apache 2.0 License - see the LICENSE file for details.
## Conclusion
Whether you're building a small project or a large application, CANS provides the tools you need to create dynamic and flexible templates with ease. Unlock the potential of CANS to elevate your Rust web development experience!
## Donations
If you appreciate the work on CANS and would like to support its development, you can make a donation using USDT (TRC-20). Your contributions will help us continue to improve the project and maintain its features.
**Donate with USDT (TRC-20)**
- Wallet Address: [`TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D`](https://tronscan.org/#/address/TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D)
**Donate with USDC (TRC-20)**
- Wallet Address: [`TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D`](https://tronscan.org/#/address/TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D)
**Donate with TRON (TRX)**
- Wallet Address: [`TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D`](https://tronscan.org/#/address/TFtKw3aExk5fXvdmTobiVDBbkbJB66wc6D)
Thank you for your support!
---
## Author
[Dr. Montasir Mirghani](https://github.com/dr-montasir)
