binary-layout 4.0.2

The binary-layout library allows type-safe, inplace, zero-copy access to structured binary data. You define a custom data layout and give it a slice of binary data, and it will allow you to read and write the fields defined in the layout from the binary data without having to copy any of the data. It's similar to transmuting to/from a `#[repr(packed)]` struct, but much safer.
Documentation
use core::convert::Infallible;

use super::{FieldCopyAccess, PrimitiveField};
use crate::endianness::{EndianKind, Endianness};
use crate::fields::primitive::view::FieldView;
use crate::fields::{Field, StorageIntoFieldView, StorageToFieldView};

macro_rules! nonzero_int_field {
    ($type:ty, $zero_type:ty) => {
        impl<E: Endianness, const OFFSET_: usize> FieldCopyAccess for PrimitiveField<$type, E, OFFSET_> {
            /// See [FieldCopyAccess::ReadError]
            type ReadError = NonZeroIsZeroError;
            /// See [FieldCopyAccess::WriteError]
            type WriteError = Infallible;
            /// See [FieldCopyAccess::HighLevelType]
            type HighLevelType = $type;

            doc_comment::doc_comment! {
                concat! {"
                Read the integer field from a given data region, assuming the defined layout, using the [Field] API.

                # Example:

                ```
                use binary_layout::prelude::*;

                binary_layout!(my_layout, LittleEndian, {
                    //... other fields ...
                    some_integer_field: ", stringify!($type), "
                    //... other fields ...
                });

                fn func(storage_data: &[u8]) -> Result<",stringify!($type), ", NonZeroIsZeroError>{
                    let read: ", stringify!($type), " = my_layout::some_integer_field::try_read(storage_data)?;
                    Ok(read)
                }
                ```
                "},
                #[inline(always)]
                fn try_read(storage: &[u8]) -> Result<$type, NonZeroIsZeroError> {
                    let value: [u8; core::mem::size_of::<$type>()] = storage[Self::OFFSET..(Self::OFFSET + core::mem::size_of::<$type>())].try_into().unwrap();
                    let value = match E::KIND {
                        EndianKind::Big => <$zero_type>::from_be_bytes(value),
                        EndianKind::Little => <$zero_type>::from_le_bytes(value),
                        EndianKind::Native => <$zero_type>::from_ne_bytes(value)
                    };
                    <$type>::new(value).ok_or(NonZeroIsZeroError(()))
                }
            }

            doc_comment::doc_comment! {
                concat! {"
                Write the integer field to a given data region, assuming the defined layout, using the [Field] API.

                # Example:

                ```
                use binary_layout::prelude::*;
                use core::convert::Infallible;

                binary_layout!(my_layout, LittleEndian, {
                    //... other fields ...
                    some_integer_field: ", stringify!($type), "
                    //... other fields ...
                });

                fn func(storage_data: &mut [u8]) {
                    let value = ", stringify!($type), "::new(10).unwrap();
                    my_layout::some_integer_field::try_write(storage_data, value).unwrap();
                }
                ```
                "},
                #[inline(always)]
                fn try_write(storage: &mut [u8], value: $type) -> Result<(), Infallible> {
                    let value_as_bytes = match E::KIND {
                        EndianKind::Big => value.get().to_be_bytes(),
                        EndianKind::Little => value.get().to_le_bytes(),
                        EndianKind::Native => value.get().to_ne_bytes(),
                    };
                    storage[Self::OFFSET..(Self::OFFSET + core::mem::size_of::<$type>())]
                        .copy_from_slice(&value_as_bytes);
                    Ok(())
                }
            }
        }

        impl_field_traits!($type);
    };
}

/// This error is thrown when trying to read a non-zero integer type, e.g. [NonZeroU32](core::num::NonZeroU32),
/// but the data being read was actually zero.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct NonZeroIsZeroError(pub(crate) ());

impl core::fmt::Display for NonZeroIsZeroError {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
        write!(fmt, "NonZeroIsZeroError")
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for NonZeroIsZeroError {}

nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroI8, i8);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroI16, i16);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroI32, i32);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroI64, i64);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroI128, i128);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroU8, u8);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroU16, u16);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroU32, u32);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroU64, u64);
nonzero_int_field!(core::num::NonZeroU128, u128);

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use crate::prelude::*;
    use crate::PrimitiveField;

    macro_rules! test_nonzero {
        ($type:ty, $underlying_type:ty, $expected_size:expr, $value1:expr, $value2:expr) => {
            test_nonzero!(@case, $type, $underlying_type, $expected_size, $value1, $value2, little, LittleEndian, from_le_bytes);
            test_nonzero!(@case, $type, $underlying_type, $expected_size, $value1, $value2, big, BigEndian, from_be_bytes);
            test_nonzero!(@case, $type, $underlying_type, $expected_size, $value1, $value2, native, NativeEndian, from_ne_bytes);
        };
        (@case, $type:ty, $underlying_type:ty, $expected_size:expr, $value1:expr, $value2: expr, $endian:ident, $endian_type:ty, $endian_fn:ident) => {
            $crate::internal::paste! {
                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                #[test]
                fn [<test_ $type _ $endian endian_metadata>]() {
                    type Field1 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 5>;
                    type Field2 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 123>;
                    type Field3 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 150>;

                    assert_eq!(Some($expected_size), Field1::SIZE);
                    assert_eq!(5, Field1::OFFSET);
                    assert_eq!(Some($expected_size), Field2::SIZE);
                    assert_eq!(123, Field2::OFFSET);
                    assert_eq!(Some($expected_size), Field3::SIZE);
                    assert_eq!(150, Field3::OFFSET);
                }

                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                #[test]
                fn [<test_ $type _ $endian endian_fieldapi_tryread_write>]() {
                    let mut storage = [0; 1024];

                    let value1 = <$type>::new($value1).unwrap();
                    let value2 = <$type>::new($value2).unwrap();

                    type Field1 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 5>;
                    type Field2 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 123>;
                    type Field3 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 150>;

                    Field1::write(&mut storage, value1);
                    Field2::write(&mut storage, value2);
                    // don't write Field3, that should leave it at zero

                    assert_eq!(value1, Field1::try_read(&storage).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, Field2::try_read(&storage).unwrap());
                    assert!(matches!(Field3::try_read(&storage), Err(NonZeroIsZeroError(_))));

                    assert_eq!(value1, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[5..(5+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[123..(123+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(0, $underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[150..(150+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap()));
                }

                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                #[test]
                fn [<test_ $type _ $endian endian_fieldapi_tryread_trywrite>]() {
                    use crate::InfallibleResultExt;

                    let mut storage = [0; 1024];

                    let value1 = <$type>::new($value1).unwrap();
                    let value2 = <$type>::new($value2).unwrap();

                    type Field1 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 5>;
                    type Field2 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 123>;
                    type Field3 = PrimitiveField<$type, $endian_type, 150>;

                    Field1::try_write(&mut storage, value1).infallible_unwrap();
                    Field2::try_write(&mut storage, value2).infallible_unwrap();
                    // don't write Field3, that should leave it at zero

                    assert_eq!(value1, Field1::try_read(&storage).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, Field2::try_read(&storage).unwrap());
                    assert!(matches!(Field3::try_read(&storage), Err(NonZeroIsZeroError(_))));

                    assert_eq!(value1, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[5..(5+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[123..(123+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(0, $underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[150..(150+$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap()));
                }

                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                #[test]
                fn [<test_ $type _ $endian endian_viewapi_tryread_write>]() {
                    binary_layout!(layout, $endian_type, {
                        field1: $type,
                        field2: $type,
                        field3: $type,
                    });
                    let mut storage = [0; 1024];
                    let mut view = layout::View::new(&mut storage);

                    let value1 = <$type>::new($value1).unwrap();
                    let value2 = <$type>::new($value2).unwrap();

                    view.field1_mut().write(value1);
                    view.field2_mut().write(value2);
                    // don't write Field3, that should leave it at zero

                    assert_eq!(value1, view.field1().try_read().unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, view.field2().try_read().unwrap());
                    assert!(matches!(view.field3().try_read(), Err(NonZeroIsZeroError(_))));

                    assert_eq!(value1, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[0..($expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[$expected_size..(2*$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(0, $underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[2*$expected_size..(3*$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap()));
                }

                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
                #[test]
                fn [<test_ $type _ $endian endian_viewapi_tryread_trywrite>]() {
                    binary_layout!(layout, $endian_type, {
                        field1: $type,
                        field2: $type,
                        field3: $type,
                    });
                    let mut storage = [0; 1024];
                    let mut view = layout::View::new(&mut storage);

                    let value1 = <$type>::new($value1).unwrap();
                    let value2 = <$type>::new($value2).unwrap();

                    view.field1_mut().try_write(value1).infallible_unwrap();
                    view.field2_mut().try_write(value2).infallible_unwrap();
                    // don't write Field3, that should leave it at zero

                    assert_eq!(value1, view.field1().try_read().unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, view.field2().try_read().unwrap());
                    assert!(matches!(view.field3().try_read(), Err(NonZeroIsZeroError(_))));

                    assert_eq!(value1, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[0..($expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(value2, $type::new($underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[$expected_size..(2*$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap())).unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(0, $underlying_type::$endian_fn((&storage[2*$expected_size..(3*$expected_size)]).try_into().unwrap()));
                }
            }
        };
    }

    use core::num::{
        NonZeroI128, NonZeroI16, NonZeroI32, NonZeroI64, NonZeroI8, NonZeroU128, NonZeroU16,
        NonZeroU32, NonZeroU64, NonZeroU8,
    };

    test_nonzero!(NonZeroI8, i8, 1, 50, -20);
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroI16, i16, 2, 500, -2000);
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroI32, i32, 4, 10i32.pow(8), -(10i32.pow(7)));
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroI64, i64, 8, 10i64.pow(15), -(10i64.pow(14)));
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroI128, i128, 16, 10i128.pow(30), -(10i128.pow(28)));

    test_nonzero!(NonZeroU8, u8, 1, 50, 20);
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroU16, u16, 2, 500, 2000);
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroU32, u32, 4, 10u32.pow(8), (10u32.pow(7)));
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroU64, u64, 8, 10u64.pow(15), (10u64.pow(14)));
    test_nonzero!(NonZeroU128, u128, 16, 10u128.pow(30), (10u128.pow(28)));
}