backhopper-core 0.37.0

// Copyright (C) 2026 Michael S. Klishin and Contributors
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 OR MIT
// See LICENSE-APACHE and LICENSE-MIT for details.

//! Newtypes for every domain primitive: `String` should never represent a
//! project name, tag, module, function, or commit SHA.

use std::borrow::Borrow;
use std::fmt;
use std::str::FromStr;
use std::sync::Arc;

use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

use crate::errors::NameError;
use crate::model::release_version::HostSeries;

const MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LEN: usize = 64;
const MAX_SERIES_NAME_LEN: usize = 64;
const MAX_TAG_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_TAG_GLOB_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_MODULE_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_FUNCTION_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_TYPE_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_RECORD_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_FIELD_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_APPLICATION_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_BEHAVIOUR_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_MACRO_NAME_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_DEPENDENCY_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_DEPENDENCY_VERSION_LEN: usize = 128;

const APPLICATION_PATTERN: &str = "[a-z][a-z0-9_]{0,127}";

const PROJECT_PATTERN: &str = "[a-z][a-z0-9_-]{0,63}";
const SERIES_PATTERN: &str = "[a-z][a-z0-9_.-]{0,63}";

fn is_project_name_char(c: char) -> bool {
    c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || c == '_' || c == '-'
}

fn is_series_name_char(c: char) -> bool {
    is_project_name_char(c) || c == '.'
}

fn is_application_name_char(c: char) -> bool {
    c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || c == '_'
}

fn validate_simple_name(
    kind: &'static str,
    value: &str,
    max_len: usize,
    first_char_ok: fn(char) -> bool,
    rest_char_ok: fn(char) -> bool,
    pattern: &'static str,
) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind });
    }
    if value.len() > max_len {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind,
            len: value.len(),
            max: max_len,
        });
    }
    let mut chars = value.chars();
    let first = chars.next().expect("non-empty");
    if !first_char_ok(first) {
        return Err(NameError::PatternMismatch {
            kind,
            value: value.to_owned(),
            pattern,
        });
    }
    for ch in chars {
        if !rest_char_ok(ch) {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind,
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn validate_tag_glob(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind: "tag glob" });
    }
    if value.len() > MAX_TAG_GLOB_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "tag glob",
            len: value.len(),
            max: MAX_TAG_GLOB_LEN,
        });
    }
    for ch in value.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_control()
            || ch.is_whitespace()
            || ch == '/'
            || ch == '\\'
            || ch == '\0'
            || ch == ':'
            || ch == '~'
            || ch == '^'
            || ch == '['
        {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind: "tag glob",
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    if value == "." || value == ".." || value.starts_with('.') || value.ends_with('.') {
        return Err(NameError::PatternMismatch {
            kind: "tag glob",
            value: value.to_owned(),
            pattern: "non-empty, no path separators or git ref-magic",
        });
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn validate_tag_name(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind: "tag" });
    }
    if value.len() > MAX_TAG_NAME_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "tag",
            len: value.len(),
            max: MAX_TAG_NAME_LEN,
        });
    }
    for ch in value.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_control()
            || ch.is_whitespace()
            || ch == '/'
            || ch == '\\'
            || ch == '\0'
            || ch == ':'
            || ch == '~'
            || ch == '^'
            || ch == '?'
            || ch == '*'
            || ch == '['
        {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind: "tag",
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    if value == "." || value == ".." || value.starts_with('.') || value.ends_with('.') {
        return Err(NameError::PatternMismatch {
            kind: "tag",
            value: value.to_owned(),
            pattern: "non-empty, no path separators or git ref-magic",
        });
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn validate_erlang_name(kind: &'static str, value: &str, max_len: usize) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind });
    }
    if value.len() > max_len {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind,
            len: value.len(),
            max: max_len,
        });
    }
    if value.starts_with('\'') && value.ends_with('\'') && value.len() >= 2 {
        return Ok(());
    }
    let first = value.chars().next().expect("non-empty");
    if !(first.is_ascii_lowercase() || first == '_') {
        return Err(NameError::PatternMismatch {
            kind,
            value: value.to_owned(),
            pattern: "lowercase-led atom or single-quoted",
        });
    }
    let last = value.chars().last().expect("non-empty");
    let drop_trailing_punct = if matches!(last, '?' | '!') {
        value.len() - last.len_utf8()
    } else {
        value.len()
    };
    for ch in value[..drop_trailing_punct].chars() {
        if !(ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || ch == '_' || ch == '@') {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind,
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn validate_module_name(kind: &'static str, value: &str, max_len: usize) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind });
    }
    if value.len() > max_len {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind,
            len: value.len(),
            max: max_len,
        });
    }
    if value.starts_with('\'') && value.ends_with('\'') && value.len() >= 2 {
        return Ok(());
    }
    let first = value.chars().next().expect("non-empty");
    if !(first.is_ascii_alphabetic() || first == '_') {
        return Err(NameError::PatternMismatch {
            kind,
            value: value.to_owned(),
            pattern: "Erlang atom or Elixir module name",
        });
    }
    for ch in value.chars() {
        if !(ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || ch == '_' || ch == '@' || ch == '.') {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind,
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

macro_rules! string_newtype {
    ($name:ident, $validate:expr) => {
        #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd, Serialize, Deserialize)]
        #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
        #[serde(transparent)]
        pub struct $name(Arc<str>);

        impl $name {
            pub fn new(value: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
                let v = value.into();
                $validate(&v)?;
                Ok(Self(Arc::from(v)))
            }

            pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
                &self.0
            }

            pub fn into_inner(self) -> String {
                self.0.to_string()
            }
        }

        impl AsRef<str> for $name {
            fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
                &self.0
            }
        }

        impl PartialEq<str> for $name {
            fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
                &*self.0 == other
            }
        }

        impl PartialEq<&str> for $name {
            fn eq(&self, other: &&str) -> bool {
                &*self.0 == *other
            }
        }

        // lets a `BTreeSet<$name>` answer `contains` for a scanned `&str`
        // without allocating a candidate first
        impl Borrow<str> for $name {
            fn borrow(&self) -> &str {
                &self.0
            }
        }

        impl fmt::Display for $name {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
                f.write_str(&self.0)
            }
        }

        impl FromStr for $name {
            type Err = NameError;

            fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
                Self::new(s.to_owned())
            }
        }
    };
}

macro_rules! vocabulary {
    (
        $(#[$enum_meta:meta])*
        $vis:vis enum $name:ident : $noun:literal {
            $($(#[$variant_meta:meta])* $variant:ident => $label:literal),+ $(,)?
        }
    ) => {
        $(#[$enum_meta])*
        #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
        #[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
        $vis enum $name {
            $($(#[$variant_meta])* #[serde(rename = $label)] $variant),+
        }

        impl $name {
            pub const ALL: &'static [Self] = &[$(Self::$variant),+];

            #[must_use]
            pub const fn label(self) -> &'static str {
                match self {
                    $(Self::$variant => $label),+
                }
            }
        }

        impl std::fmt::Display for $name {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
                f.write_str(self.label())
            }
        }

        impl std::str::FromStr for $name {
            type Err = crate::errors::UnknownLabel;

            fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
                match s {
                    $($label => Ok(Self::$variant),)+
                    other => Err(crate::errors::UnknownLabel::new(
                        $noun,
                        other,
                        Self::ALL.iter().map(|v| v.label()),
                    )),
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

pub(crate) use vocabulary;

string_newtype!(ProjectName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "project name",
        v,
        MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_project_name_char,
        PROJECT_PATTERN,
    )
});

string_newtype!(SeriesName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "series name",
        v,
        MAX_SERIES_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_series_name_char,
        SERIES_PATTERN,
    )
});

string_newtype!(TagName, validate_tag_name);

const MAX_GIT_REF_LEN: usize = 256;
string_newtype!(GitRef, validate_git_ref);

fn validate_git_ref(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind: "git ref" });
    }
    if value.len() > MAX_GIT_REF_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "git ref",
            len: value.len(),
            max: MAX_GIT_REF_LEN,
        });
    }
    for ch in value.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_control() || ch.is_whitespace() || ch == '\0' || ch == ':' {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind: "git ref",
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

string_newtype!(TagGlob, validate_tag_glob);

impl TagGlob {
    /// True if `tag` matches this glob. Supports `*` (zero or more) and `?` (any one).
    pub fn matches(&self, tag: &TagName) -> bool {
        glob_match(self.as_str(), tag.as_str())
    }
}

fn glob_match(pattern: &str, text: &str) -> bool {
    let pattern: Vec<char> = pattern.chars().collect();
    let text: Vec<char> = text.chars().collect();
    let mut pi = 0usize;
    let mut ti = 0usize;
    let mut star_p: Option<usize> = None;
    let mut star_t: Option<usize> = None;
    while ti < text.len() {
        if pi < pattern.len() && (pattern[pi] == '?' || pattern[pi] == text[ti]) {
            pi += 1;
            ti += 1;
        } else if pi < pattern.len() && pattern[pi] == '*' {
            star_p = Some(pi);
            star_t = Some(ti);
            pi += 1;
        } else if let (Some(sp), Some(st)) = (star_p, star_t) {
            pi = sp + 1;
            star_t = Some(st + 1);
            ti = st + 1;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
    while pi < pattern.len() && pattern[pi] == '*' {
        pi += 1;
    }
    pi == pattern.len()
}

string_newtype!(ModuleName, |v: &str| {
    validate_module_name("module name", v, MAX_MODULE_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(FunctionName, |v: &str| {
    validate_erlang_name("function name", v, MAX_FUNCTION_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(TypeName, |v: &str| {
    validate_erlang_name("type name", v, MAX_TYPE_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(RecordName, |v: &str| {
    validate_erlang_name("record name", v, MAX_RECORD_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(FieldName, |v: &str| {
    validate_erlang_name("field name", v, MAX_FIELD_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(ApplicationName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "application name",
        v,
        MAX_APPLICATION_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_application_name_char,
        APPLICATION_PATTERN,
    )
});

string_newtype!(BehaviourName, |v: &str| {
    validate_module_name("behaviour name", v, MAX_BEHAVIOUR_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(MacroName, |v: &str| {
    validate_macro_name("macro name", v, MAX_MACRO_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(DependencyName, |v: &str| {
    validate_dependency_name("dependency name", v, MAX_DEPENDENCY_NAME_LEN)
});

string_newtype!(DependencyVersion, |v: &str| {
    validate_dependency_version("dependency version", v, MAX_DEPENDENCY_VERSION_LEN)
});

const MAX_MAP_KEY_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_SCHEMA_FEATURE_LEN: usize = 128;

// A literal atom key found at the top level of a family-declared
// option map, either bare or quoted.
string_newtype!(MapKey, |v: &str| {
    validate_erlang_name("map key", v, MAX_MAP_KEY_LEN)
});

// A cuttlefish mapping attribute name gated on a minimum schema
// version (`alias`, and future floor-table entries).
string_newtype!(SchemaFeature, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "schema feature",
        v,
        MAX_SCHEMA_FEATURE_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_application_name_char,
        "lowercase letter, then lowercase digits underscores",
    )
});

fn validate_macro_name(kind: &'static str, value: &str, max_len: usize) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    validate_simple_name(
        kind,
        value,
        max_len,
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphabetic() || c == '_',
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_',
        "letter or underscore, then letters digits underscores",
    )
}

const MAX_CONF_KEY_LEN: usize = 256;
const MAX_VALIDATOR_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_PARTIAL_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;
const MAX_MAKE_VARIABLE_NAME_LEN: usize = 128;

string_newtype!(ConfKey, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "configuration key",
        v,
        MAX_CONF_KEY_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_' || c == '$',
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '_' | '$' | '.' | '-' | '@' | '*'),
        "letters digits and _ $ . - @ *, not starting with a separator",
    )
});

string_newtype!(ValidatorName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "validator name",
        v,
        MAX_VALIDATOR_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_',
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '_' | '.' | '-' | '@'),
        "letters digits and _ . - @, not starting with a separator",
    )
});

// `cuttlefish_partial` resolves `{App, Name}` to `<Name>.partial`, so a name has no path separator or extension.
string_newtype!(PartialName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "partial name",
        v,
        MAX_PARTIAL_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_',
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '_' | '-'),
        "letters digits _ -, without '/' or '.'",
    )
});

string_newtype!(MakeVariableName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "make variable name",
        v,
        MAX_MAKE_VARIABLE_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphabetic() || c == '_',
        |c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '_' | '.' | '-'),
        "letter or underscore, then letters digits _ . -",
    )
});

string_newtype!(HostFactsDigest, |v: &str| {
    validate_lower_hex(
        "host facts digest",
        v,
        BLAKE3_HEX_LEN,
        "expected 64 lowercase hex characters",
    )
});

string_newtype!(ExtractionSettingsDigest, |v: &str| {
    validate_lower_hex(
        "extraction settings digest",
        v,
        BLAKE3_HEX_LEN,
        "expected 64 lowercase hex characters",
    )
});

string_newtype!(StoreDigest, |v: &str| {
    validate_lower_hex(
        "store digest",
        v,
        BLAKE3_HEX_LEN,
        "expected 64 lowercase hex characters",
    )
});

// The text of a `-spec` as a snapshot records it.
string_newtype!(SpecText, |v: &str| {
    if v.trim().is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind: "spec text" });
    }
    Ok(())
});

const BLAKE3_HEX_LEN: usize = 64;

fn validate_lower_hex(
    kind: &'static str,
    value: &str,
    len: usize,
    reason: &'static str,
) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.len() != len || !value.chars().all(|c| matches!(c, '0'..='9' | 'a'..='f')) {
        return Err(NameError::Invalid {
            kind,
            value: value.to_owned(),
            reason,
        });
    }
    Ok(())
}

impl HostFactsDigest {
    #[must_use]
    pub fn from_digest(digest: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
        Self(Arc::from(lower_hex(&digest)))
    }
}

impl ExtractionSettingsDigest {
    #[must_use]
    pub fn from_digest(digest: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
        Self(Arc::from(lower_hex(&digest)))
    }
}

impl StoreDigest {
    #[must_use]
    pub fn from_digest(digest: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
        Self(Arc::from(lower_hex(&digest)))
    }
}

fn lower_hex(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
    const HEX: &[u8; 16] = b"0123456789abcdef";
    let mut hex = String::with_capacity(bytes.len() * 2);
    for byte in bytes {
        hex.push(HEX[usize::from(byte >> 4)] as char);
        hex.push(HEX[usize::from(byte & 0x0f)] as char);
    }
    hex
}

string_newtype!(HostName, |v: &str| {
    validate_simple_name(
        "host name",
        v,
        MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LEN,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_project_name_char,
        PROJECT_PATTERN,
    )
});

const MAX_EXTRACTOR_VERSION_LEN: usize = 16;

string_newtype!(ExtractorVersion, |v: &str| {
    if v.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty {
            kind: "extractor version",
        });
    }
    if v.len() > MAX_EXTRACTOR_VERSION_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "extractor version",
            len: v.len(),
            max: MAX_EXTRACTOR_VERSION_LEN,
        });
    }
    match v
        .chars()
        .find(|c| !(c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(c, '.' | '_')))
    {
        Some(ch) => Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
            kind: "extractor version",
            ch,
            value: v.to_owned(),
        }),
        None => Ok(()),
    }
});

const SERIES_PLACEHOLDER: &str = "{series}";

string_newtype!(SeriesTagPattern, validate_series_tag_pattern);

fn validate_series_tag_pattern(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    let invalid = |reason: &'static str| NameError::Invalid {
        kind: "series tag pattern",
        value: value.to_owned(),
        reason,
    };
    if value.matches(SERIES_PLACEHOLDER).count() != 1 {
        return Err(invalid("expected exactly one {series} placeholder"));
    }
    let without = value.replacen(SERIES_PLACEHOLDER, "", 1);
    if without.contains(['{', '}']) {
        return Err(invalid(
            "braces are only allowed in the {series} placeholder",
        ));
    }
    validate_tag_glob(&value.replacen(SERIES_PLACEHOLDER, "0.0", 1))
}

impl SeriesTagPattern {
    #[must_use]
    pub fn for_series(&self, series: HostSeries) -> TagGlob {
        let glob = self.0.replacen(SERIES_PLACEHOLDER, &series.to_string(), 1);
        TagGlob(Arc::from(glob))
    }
}

const PLAN_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX: &str = "jigsaw-";
const PLAN_DIGEST_BYTES: usize = 8;
const PLAN_DIGEST_HEX_LEN: usize = PLAN_DIGEST_BYTES * 2;
const MAX_PLAN_CACHE_KEY_LEN: usize = 256;

string_newtype!(PlanCacheKey, validate_plan_cache_key);

fn validate_plan_cache_key(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    let invalid = |reason: &'static str| NameError::Invalid {
        kind: "plan cache key",
        value: value.to_owned(),
        reason,
    };
    if value.len() > MAX_PLAN_CACHE_KEY_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "plan cache key",
            len: value.len(),
            max: MAX_PLAN_CACHE_KEY_LEN,
        });
    }
    if !value.starts_with(PLAN_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX) {
        return Err(invalid("expected the jigsaw- prefix"));
    }
    if !value
        .chars()
        .all(|c| c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || matches!(c, '-' | '.' | '_'))
    {
        return Err(invalid("expected lowercase letters, digits and - . _"));
    }
    let Some(split) = value.len().checked_sub(PLAN_DIGEST_HEX_LEN) else {
        return Err(invalid("expected a 16 character digest suffix"));
    };
    let (head, digest) = value.split_at(split);
    if !head.ends_with('-') || !digest.chars().all(|c| matches!(c, '0'..='9' | 'a'..='f')) {
        return Err(invalid(
            "expected a dash and 16 lowercase hex characters at the end",
        ));
    }
    Ok(())
}

impl PlanCacheKey {
    /// `jigsaw-<host>-<series>-f<format>-e<extractor>-<digest>`
    #[must_use]
    pub fn compose(
        host: &HostName,
        series: HostSeries,
        format_version: u32,
        extractor: &ExtractorVersion,
        digest: [u8; PLAN_DIGEST_BYTES],
    ) -> Self {
        let key = format!(
            "{PLAN_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX}{host}-{series}-f{format_version}-e{extractor}-{}",
            lower_hex(&digest)
        );
        Self(Arc::from(key))
    }

    /// The key up to and including the dash before the digest, for
    /// `actions/cache` restore keys.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn restore_prefix(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0[..self.0.len() - PLAN_DIGEST_HEX_LEN]
    }
}

fn validate_dependency_name(
    kind: &'static str,
    value: &str,
    max_len: usize,
) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    validate_simple_name(
        kind,
        value,
        max_len,
        |c| c.is_ascii_lowercase(),
        is_application_name_char,
        "lowercase letter, then lowercase digits underscores",
    )
}

fn validate_dependency_version(
    kind: &'static str,
    value: &str,
    max_len: usize,
) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty { kind });
    }
    if value.len() > max_len {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind,
            len: value.len(),
            max: max_len,
        });
    }
    for ch in value.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_control() || ch == '\0' || ch.is_whitespace() {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCharacter {
                kind,
                ch,
                value: value.to_owned(),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

const MAX_RELATIVE_PATH_LEN: usize = 4096;

string_newtype!(RelativePath, validate_relative_path);

fn validate_relative_path(value: &str) -> Result<(), NameError> {
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err(NameError::Empty {
            kind: "relative path",
        });
    }
    if value.len() > MAX_RELATIVE_PATH_LEN {
        return Err(NameError::TooLong {
            kind: "relative path",
            len: value.len(),
            max: MAX_RELATIVE_PATH_LEN,
        });
    }
    if value.starts_with('/') {
        return Err(NameError::Invalid {
            kind: "relative path",
            value: value.to_owned(),
            reason: "absolute paths are not allowed",
        });
    }
    if value.split('/').any(|seg| seg == "..") {
        return Err(NameError::Invalid {
            kind: "relative path",
            value: value.to_owned(),
            reason: "parent-directory segments are not allowed",
        });
    }
    if value.contains('\0') {
        return Err(NameError::Invalid {
            kind: "relative path",
            value: value.to_owned(),
            reason: "NUL bytes are not allowed",
        });
    }
    Ok(())
}

impl RelativePath {
    /// Build a `RelativePath` from a `gix` byte string.
    ///
    /// `gix` reports paths as `BStr` because filesystems may produce
    /// non-UTF-8 sequences. We hard-error on non-UTF-8 rather than
    /// using a lossy conversion: silently mangled paths would leak
    /// into verdict envelopes and downstream consumers would see the
    /// wrong path.
    pub fn from_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        let s = std::str::from_utf8(bytes).map_err(|_| NameError::Invalid {
            kind: "relative path",
            value: String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes).into_owned(),
            reason: "path is not valid UTF-8",
        })?;
        Self::new(s.to_owned())
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
#[serde(transparent)]
pub struct Arity(u8);

impl Arity {
    pub const fn new(value: u8) -> Self {
        Self(value)
    }

    pub const fn get(self) -> u8 {
        self.0
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for Arity {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
    }
}

impl FromStr for Arity {
    type Err = NameError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        let parsed: i64 = s
            .parse()
            .map_err(|_| NameError::InvalidArityParse { raw: s.to_owned() })?;
        if !(0..=255).contains(&parsed) {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidArity { value: parsed });
        }
        Ok(Self(parsed as u8))
    }
}

impl TryFrom<usize> for Arity {
    type Error = NameError;

    fn try_from(value: usize) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        u8::try_from(value)
            .map(Self)
            .map_err(|_| NameError::InvalidArity {
                value: i64::try_from(value).unwrap_or(i64::MAX),
            })
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
#[serde(transparent)]
pub struct CommitSha(Arc<str>);

impl CommitSha {
    pub fn new(value: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        let v = value.into();
        if v.len() != 40
            || !v
                .chars()
                .all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit() && !c.is_ascii_uppercase())
        {
            return Err(NameError::InvalidCommitSha { value: v });
        }
        Ok(Self(Arc::from(v)))
    }

    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }

    /// First 12 hex characters, the conventional `git log --oneline`
    /// abbreviation length. The validator guarantees 40-char input so
    /// the slice never panics.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn abbreviated(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0[..12]
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for CommitSha {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.write_str(&self.0)
    }
}

impl FromStr for CommitSha {
    type Err = NameError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        Self::new(s.to_owned())
    }
}

impl AsRef<str> for CommitSha {
    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }
}

const MIN_COMMIT_SHA_PREFIX_LEN: usize = 7;
const MAX_COMMIT_SHA_PREFIX_LEN: usize = 40;

#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
#[serde(try_from = "String", into = "String")]
pub struct CommitShaPrefix(String);

impl TryFrom<String> for CommitShaPrefix {
    type Error = NameError;
    fn try_from(value: String) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        Self::new(value)
    }
}

impl From<CommitShaPrefix> for String {
    fn from(p: CommitShaPrefix) -> Self {
        p.0
    }
}

impl CommitShaPrefix {
    pub fn new(value: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        let raw = value.into();
        if raw.is_empty() {
            return Err(NameError::EmptyCommitShaPrefix);
        }
        let normalised = raw.to_ascii_lowercase();
        if let Some((position, ch)) = normalised
            .chars()
            .enumerate()
            .find(|(_, c)| !c.is_ascii_hexdigit())
        {
            return Err(NameError::CommitShaPrefixNonHex {
                value: normalised,
                ch,
                position,
            });
        }
        let len = normalised.len();
        if len < MIN_COMMIT_SHA_PREFIX_LEN {
            return Err(NameError::CommitShaPrefixTooShort {
                value: normalised,
                len,
            });
        }
        if len > MAX_COMMIT_SHA_PREFIX_LEN {
            return Err(NameError::CommitShaPrefixTooLong {
                value: normalised,
                len,
            });
        }
        Ok(Self(normalised))
    }

    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }

    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.0.len()
    }

    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.0.is_empty()
    }

    #[must_use]
    pub fn is_full(&self) -> bool {
        self.0.len() == MAX_COMMIT_SHA_PREFIX_LEN
    }

    #[must_use]
    pub fn as_full_sha(&self) -> Option<CommitSha> {
        if self.is_full() {
            CommitSha::new(self.0.clone()).ok()
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for CommitShaPrefix {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.write_str(&self.0)
    }
}

impl FromStr for CommitShaPrefix {
    type Err = NameError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        Self::new(s.to_owned())
    }
}

impl AsRef<str> for CommitShaPrefix {
    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "schemars", derive(schemars::JsonSchema))]
pub struct Mfa {
    pub module: ModuleName,
    pub function: FunctionName,
    pub arity: Arity,
}

impl Mfa {
    pub fn new(module: ModuleName, function: FunctionName, arity: Arity) -> Self {
        Self {
            module,
            function,
            arity,
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for Mfa {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}:{}/{}", self.module, self.function, self.arity)
    }
}

impl FromStr for Mfa {
    type Err = NameError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, NameError> {
        let (head, arity_part) = s.rsplit_once('/').ok_or_else(|| NameError::InvalidMfa {
            value: s.to_owned(),
        })?;
        let (module_part, function_part) =
            head.split_once(':').ok_or_else(|| NameError::InvalidMfa {
                value: s.to_owned(),
            })?;
        let arity = arity_part
            .parse::<Arity>()
            .map_err(|_| NameError::InvalidMfa {
                value: s.to_owned(),
            })?;
        Ok(Self {
            module: module_part.parse()?,
            function: function_part.parse()?,
            arity,
        })
    }
}