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# `audio_samples_io` Read and Write Benchmarks
This document reports a set of comparative benchmarks evaluating audio read and write performance across three audio libraries: `audio_samples_io`, `hound`, and `libsndfile`.
All benchmarks were executed on the same machine under identical conditions (as close as possible for libsndfile). Each benchmark processes **0.25 seconds of audio**, and all timings are reported in **microseconds (μs)**. For each configuration, the fastest implementation is highlighted in **bold**. Lower values indicate better performance.
## Reading
### i16
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | **1.82** | 55.50 | 5.22 |
| 44100 | 2 | 8.13 | 111.44 | **5.67** |
| 44100 | 6 | 21.65 | - | **7.49** |
| 96000 | 1 | **2.86** | 121.24 | 5.60 |
| 96000 | 2 | 17.77 | 242.70 | **6.58** |
| 96000 | 6 | 43.06 | - | **10.55** |
### i24
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | **3.57** | - | 10.28 |
| 44100 | 2 | **12.91** | - | 15.99 |
| 44100 | 6 | **31.48** | - | 39.76 |
| 96000 | 1 | **6.82** | - | 16.67 |
| 96000 | 2 | **26.29** | - | 29.37 |
| 96000 | 6 | **67.41** | - | 82.56 |
### i32
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | **2.72** | 45.43 | 5.80 |
| 44100 | 2 | 12.17 | 90.64 | **6.50** |
| 44100 | 6 | 27.46 | - | **10.20** |
| 96000 | 1 | **5.58** | 98.38 | 6.57 |
| 96000 | 2 | 23.31 | 196.38 | **8.58** |
| 96000 | 6 | 59.50 | - | **16.82** |
### f32
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | **2.79** | 35.30 | 7.89 |
| 44100 | 2 | 10.29 | 70.14 | **9.27** |
| 44100 | 6 | 30.82 | - | **14.95** |
| 96000 | 1 | **5.61** | 76.33 | 8.80 |
| 96000 | 2 | 19.79 | 152.23 | **11.42** |
| 96000 | 6 | 67.11 | - | **21.73** |
### f64
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | **5.40** | - | 8.71 |
| 44100 | 2 | 17.29 | - | **11.29** |
| 44100 | 6 | 48.03 | - | **20.65** |
| 96000 | 1 | **8.86** | - | 10.86 |
| 96000 | 2 | 37.34 | - | **15.43** |
| 96000 | 6 | 132.45 | - | **44.81** |
## Writing
### i16
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | 4.82 | 17.61 | **0.67** |
| 44100 | 2 | 18.08 | 35.42 | **1.05** |
| 44100 | 6 | 61.85 | - | **2.30** |
| 96000 | 1 | 10.76 | 38.70 | **1.14** |
| 96000 | 2 | 36.04 | 77.54 | **1.78** |
| 96000 | 6 | 134.34 | - | **4.47** |
### i24
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | 12.36 | - | **4.57** |
| 44100 | 2 | 28.87 | - | **8.97** |
| 44100 | 6 | 93.99 | - | **26.71** |
| 96000 | 1 | 27.05 | - | **9.78** |
| 96000 | 2 | 59.55 | - | **19.64** |
| 96000 | 6 | 213.69 | - | **59.19** |
### i32
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | 9.78 | 22.84 | **1.05** |
| 44100 | 2 | 30.19 | 46.18 | **1.68** |
| 44100 | 6 | 98.78 | - | **4.16** |
| 96000 | 1 | 21.97 | 50.09 | **1.79** |
| 96000 | 2 | 63.22 | 100.94 | **3.17** |
| 96000 | 6 | 230.47 | - | **8.53** |
### f32
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | 9.84 | 20.59 | **9.34** |
| 44100 | 2 | 30.28 | 41.99 | **18.54** |
| 44100 | 6 | 97.33 | - | **54.52** |
| 96000 | 1 | 21.93 | 45.40 | **19.93** |
| 96000 | 2 | 62.89 | 92.11 | **39.57** |
| 96000 | 6 | 228.16 | - | **118.25** |
### f64
| **Sample Rate** | **Num Channels** | **audio_samples_io** | **hound** | **libsndfile** |
| :-------------- | :--------------- | -----------: | --------: | -------------: |
| 44100 | 1 | 20.05 | - | **5.15** |
| 44100 | 2 | 54.38 | - | **9.58** |
| 44100 | 6 | 179.29 | - | **30.09** |
| 96000 | 1 | 44.19 | - | **10.25** |
| 96000 | 2 | 120.10 | - | **19.87** |
| 96000 | 6 | 436.28 | - | **73.03** |
## System Environment
### CPU
* **Model**: 13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-13700KF
* **Cores**: 16 physical, 24 logical
* **Base Frequency**: 1.9 GHz
* **Architecture**: x86_64
### Memory
* **Total RAM**: 62.6 GB
* **Available RAM**: 40.0 GB
* **Used RAM**: 22.7 GB (36.2%)
### Operating System
* **Distribution**: Ubuntu 24.04
* **Kernel**: 6.14.0-37-generic
### Storage
* **Disk Type**: SSD
* **File System**: ext4
### System Load
* **Load Average (1 / 5 / 15 min)**: 0.78 / 0.66 / 0.79
### Compilation Target
* **Target Triple**: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
* **Target Family**: unix
* **Rust Compiler**: `rustc 1.94.0-nightly (ba2142a19 2025-12-07)`