audio-codec-bsd 0.1.1

//! FLAC + PCM container decoder backed by [`symphonia`] 0.6.
//!
//! `SymphoniaDecoder` runs on a **worker thread**: it performs blocking file
//! I/O, format probing, and heap allocation, and is explicitly **not**
//! real-time safe. Decoded frames must be handed to a lock-free ring buffer so
//! the RT audio thread never calls into this module.
//!
//! ## Sample normalisation
//!
//! Symphonia's typed [`AudioBuffer`] is internally **planar** — each plane is
//! a contiguous `Vec<S>` for one channel. The decoder uses
//! [`GenericAudioBufferRef::copy_to_slice_planar`] to emit per-channel `f32`
//! slices with automatic sample-format conversion, then concatenates the
//! planes into the flat planar layout required by [`audio_core_bsd::AudioFrame`].
//! No manual de-interleave is needed: symphonia hands us planar data and we
//! preserve that grouping.
//!
//! Integer samples are scaled by symphonia's own `FromSample` impls to a
//! normalised `f32` range; 32-bit float samples pass through. Non-finite
//! samples (`NaN`/`±Inf`) are coerced to `0.0`.
//!
//! ## End-of-stream
//!
//! Symphonia signals end-of-stream via [`FormatReader::next_packet`]
//! returning `Ok(None)`. This is mapped to `Ok(None)` from
//! [`ContainerDecoder::next_frame`]; EOF never panics and is never reported
//! as a decode error.
//!
//! [`symphonia`]: https://crates.io/crates/symphonia
//! [`AudioBuffer`]: symphonia::core::audio::AudioBuffer
//! [`GenericAudioBufferRef::copy_to_slice_planar`]: symphonia::core::audio::GenericAudioBufferRef::copy_to_slice_planar
//! [`FormatReader::next_packet`]: symphonia::core::formats::FormatReader::next_packet

use std::fs::File;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};

use audio_core_bsd::AudioFrame;
use symphonia::core::audio::GenericAudioBufferRef;
use symphonia::core::codecs::audio::{
    well_known::CODEC_ID_FLAC, AudioDecoder, AudioDecoderOptions,
};
use symphonia::core::codecs::CodecParameters;
use symphonia::core::errors::Error as SymphoniaError;
use symphonia::core::formats::probe::Hint;
use symphonia::core::formats::{FormatOptions, FormatReader};
use symphonia::core::io::{MediaSourceStream, MediaSourceStreamOptions};
use symphonia::core::meta::MetadataOptions;
use symphonia::default::{get_codecs, get_probe};

use crate::decoder::{ContainerDecoder, FormatKind, StreamInfo};
use crate::error::{CodecError, Result};

/// A [`symphonia`]-backed decoder for FLAC (primary) and PCM containers.
///
/// Construct with [`SymphoniaDecoder::open`], then drive through the
/// [`ContainerDecoder`] trait. See the [module docs](self) for the
/// worker-thread / planar-layout / end-of-stream contract.
pub struct SymphoniaDecoder {
    /// Path the decoder was constructed against; used to decide whether a
    /// trait `open` call should re-open the source.
    path: PathBuf,
    /// The probed format reader (owns the `MediaSourceStream`).
    format: Box<dyn FormatReader>,
    /// The codec decoder for the selected audio track.
    decoder: Box<dyn AudioDecoder>,
    /// Track id of the selected audio stream.
    track_id: u32,
    /// Cached stream metadata (avoids re-reading `codec_params` each frame).
    sample_rate: u32,
    channels: u16,
    bits_per_sample: u32,
    total_frames: Option<u64>,
    /// sniffed container kind (Flac vs Wav) reported in `StreamInfo`.
    format_kind: FormatKind,
    /// Sticky end-of-stream flag; once true, `next_frame` short-circuits.
    eof: bool,
}

impl SymphoniaDecoder {
    /// Open the container at `path`, probe its format, and instantiate the
    /// matching audio decoder for the first audio track.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// - [`CodecError::Io`] if the file cannot be opened.
    /// - [`CodecError::Format`] if no container or audio track is found.
    /// - [`CodecError::Decode`] if the codec is not registered.
    pub fn open(path: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
        let SymphoniaDecoderState {
            format,
            decoder,
            track_id,
            sample_rate,
            channels,
            bits_per_sample,
            total_frames,
            format_kind,
            eof,
        } = Self::open_inner(path)?;
        Ok(Self {
            path: path.to_path_buf(),
            format,
            decoder,
            track_id,
            sample_rate,
            channels,
            bits_per_sample,
            total_frames,
            format_kind,
            eof,
        })
    }

    /// Shared open logic returning the heavy state without the (re-derivable)
    /// `path` field, so `reopen` can reuse it.
    fn open_inner(path: &Path) -> Result<SymphoniaDecoderState> {
        let file = File::open(path).map_err(|e| CodecError::Io(e.to_string()))?;
        let mss = MediaSourceStream::new(Box::new(file), MediaSourceStreamOptions::default());

        let mut hint = Hint::new();
        if let Some(ext) = path.extension().and_then(|s| s.to_str()) {
            hint.with_extension(ext);
        }

        let probe = get_probe();
        let format = probe
            .probe(
                &hint,
                mss,
                FormatOptions::default(),
                MetadataOptions::default(),
            )
            .map_err(map_symphonia_err)?;

        // Pick the first track that advertises audio codec parameters.
        let tracks = format.tracks();
        let track = tracks
            .iter()
            .find(|t| {
                t.codec_params
                    .as_ref()
                    .is_some_and(CodecParameters::is_audio)
            })
            .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Format("no audio track found in container".into()))?;

        let params = track
            .codec_params
            .as_ref()
            .and_then(CodecParameters::audio)
            .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Format("selected track has no audio codec params".into()))?;

        let decoder = get_codecs()
            .make_audio_decoder(params, &AudioDecoderOptions::default())
            .map_err(map_symphonia_err)?;

        let sample_rate = params
            .sample_rate
            .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Format("container reported no sample rate".into()))?;
        if sample_rate == 0 {
            return Err(CodecError::InvalidSampleRate(0));
        }
        let channel_count = params
            .channels
            .as_ref()
            .map(|c| u16::try_from(c.count()).unwrap_or(0))
            .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Format("container reported no channels".into()))?;
        if channel_count == 0 {
            return Err(CodecError::InvalidChannelCount(0));
        }
        let bits_per_sample = params.bits_per_sample.unwrap_or(0);
        let format_kind = if params.codec == CODEC_ID_FLAC {
            FormatKind::Flac
        } else {
            // PCM inside a RIFF/WAV container — report the container, not the
            // (lossless) codec, so callers can route by container.
            FormatKind::Wav
        };

        // Copy the track id / frame count out of the borrowed `track` before
        // moving `format` into the state struct below (the borrow would
        // otherwise extend across the move).
        let track_id = track.id;
        let total_frames = track.num_frames;

        Ok(SymphoniaDecoderState {
            format,
            decoder,
            track_id,
            sample_rate,
            channels: channel_count,
            bits_per_sample,
            total_frames,
            format_kind,
            eof: false,
        })
    }

    /// Re-open the source from `path`, replacing all heavy state.
    fn reopen(&mut self, path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
        let inner = Self::open_inner(path)?;
        let SymphoniaDecoderState {
            format,
            decoder,
            track_id,
            sample_rate,
            channels,
            bits_per_sample,
            total_frames,
            format_kind,
            eof,
        } = inner;
        self.format = format;
        self.decoder = decoder;
        self.track_id = track_id;
        self.sample_rate = sample_rate;
        self.channels = channels;
        self.bits_per_sample = bits_per_sample;
        self.total_frames = total_frames;
        self.format_kind = format_kind;
        self.eof = eof;
        self.path = path.to_path_buf();
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Build a [`StreamInfo`] snapshot from the cached metadata.
    fn stream_info(&self) -> StreamInfo {
        StreamInfo {
            format: self.format_kind,
            sample_rate: self.sample_rate,
            channels: self.channels,
            bits_per_sample: self.bits_per_sample,
            total_frames: self.total_frames,
        }
    }

    /// Decode one packet into a planar [`AudioFrame`]. Returns `Ok(None)` at
    /// clean end-of-stream.
    fn decode_packet(&mut self) -> Result<Option<AudioFrame>> {
        if self.eof {
            return Ok(None);
        }

        let packet = match self.format.next_packet() {
            Ok(Some(p)) => p,
            // Symphonia signals EOS via Ok(None); never an error.
            Ok(None) => {
                self.eof = true;
                return Ok(None);
            }
            Err(e) => return Err(map_symphonia_err(e)),
        };

        // Only decode packets belonging to our selected audio track.
        if packet.track_id != self.track_id {
            return self.decode_packet();
        }

        let decoded = self.decoder.decode(&packet).map_err(map_symphonia_err)?;
        Ok(Some(Self::buffer_to_frame(
            &decoded,
            self.channels,
            self.sample_rate,
        )))
    }

    /// Convert a symphonia decoded buffer (already planar internally) into a
    /// flat planar [`AudioFrame`].
    fn buffer_to_frame(
        decoded: &GenericAudioBufferRef<'_>,
        channels: u16,
        sample_rate: u32,
    ) -> AudioFrame {
        let chan_us = usize::from(channels);
        let frames = decoded.frames();
        if frames == 0 {
            return AudioFrame::new(channels, sample_rate);
        }

        // The buffer exposes one plane per channel; copy each into its own
        // f32 slice, then concatenate into the flat planar layout.
        let mut samples: Vec<f32> = vec![0.0; chan_us * frames];
        // Borrow the whole buffer once, then split `samples` into per-channel
        // mutable slices for the bulk copy.
        {
            // `chunks_mut` yields `chan_us` slices each of length `frames`.
            let mut planes: Vec<&mut [f32]> = samples
                .chunks_mut(frames)
                .take(decoded.num_planes())
                .collect();
            decoded.copy_to_slice_planar::<f32, &mut [f32]>(&mut planes);
        }
        // Coerce any non-finite sample to 0.0 (defensive; symphonia's
        // conversion should already be finite for the supported codecs).
        for s in &mut samples {
            if !s.is_finite() {
                *s = 0.0;
            }
        }
        AudioFrame::from_planar(channels, sample_rate, samples)
    }
}

/// Internal helper: the heavy decoder state returned by `open_inner`, split
/// out so the public struct can be assembled from `(path, state)`.
struct SymphoniaDecoderState {
    format: Box<dyn FormatReader>,
    decoder: Box<dyn AudioDecoder>,
    track_id: u32,
    sample_rate: u32,
    channels: u16,
    bits_per_sample: u32,
    total_frames: Option<u64>,
    format_kind: FormatKind,
    eof: bool,
}

impl ContainerDecoder for SymphoniaDecoder {
    fn open(&mut self, path: &Path) -> Result<StreamInfo> {
        if path != self.path {
            self.reopen(path)?;
        }
        Ok(self.stream_info())
    }

    fn next_frame(&mut self) -> Result<Option<AudioFrame>> {
        self.decode_packet()
    }
}

/// Map a [`symphonia`] error into the crate's [`CodecError`].
///
/// `IoError` is surfaced as [`CodecError::Io`]; every other variant (decode,
/// seek, unsupported, limit, reset) is surfaced as [`CodecError::Decode`] so
/// callers see a single, stable error surface regardless of the backend.
fn map_symphonia_err(err: SymphoniaError) -> CodecError {
    match err {
        SymphoniaError::IoError(e) => CodecError::Io(e.to_string()),
        other => CodecError::Decode(other.to_string()),
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    /// Opening a non-existent file surfaces [`CodecError::Io`] — never a panic.
    #[test]
    fn missing_file_yields_io_error_not_panic() {
        let mut bogus = std::path::PathBuf::from("/this/path/does/not/exist.flac");
        bogus.set_extension("flac");
        let res = SymphoniaDecoder::open(&bogus);
        let err = res.err().expect("expected an error");
        assert!(matches!(err, CodecError::Io(_)), "got {err:?}");
    }

    /// Opening a file that exists but is not a valid container surfaces
    /// [`CodecError::Format`] or [`CodecError::Io`] — never a panic. This is
    /// the graceful-degradation gate for the FLAC path when no FLAC fixture is
    /// available.
    #[test]
    fn malformed_file_yields_graceful_error_not_panic() {
        let mut path = std::env::temp_dir();
        path.push(format!(
            "audio_codec_bsd_symphonia_malformed_{}.bin",
            std::process::id()
        ));
        // Write bytes that are neither a valid FLAC nor a valid RIFF/WAVE.
        std::fs::write(&path, b"not a real audio container at all").expect("write temp");
        let res = SymphoniaDecoder::open(&path);
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&path);
        // The gate is "no panic": symphonia surfaces an unrecognised container
        // variously as Format/Decode/Io depending on how far probing got, so
        // accept any graceful CodecError variant.
        let err = res.err().expect("expected a graceful error");
        assert!(
            matches!(
                err,
                CodecError::Format(_) | CodecError::Io(_) | CodecError::Decode(_)
            ),
            "expected a graceful error variant, got {err:?}"
        );
    }

    /// If a valid `.flac` fixture is found at the path named by the
    /// `AUDIO_CODEC_FLAC_FIXTURE` env var, decode it end-to-end and assert:
    /// (a) the reported format is `Flac`, (b) every decoded sample is finite
    /// and in `[-1.0, 1.0]`, and (c) the planar length invariant holds.
    ///
    /// This test is **guarded by fixture availability**: there is no FLAC
    /// encoder in the dependency set (symphonia is decode-only, hound writes
    /// WAV only), so a committed binary fixture is the only way to exercise
    /// the real FLAC path. Without one the test self-skips so the suite stays
    /// green on hosts lacking a fixture — see the impl-notes for the rationale
    /// and how to opt in.
    #[test]
    fn flac_fixture_decode_when_provided() {
        let path = if let Some(p) = std::env::var_os("AUDIO_CODEC_FLAC_FIXTURE") {
            std::path::PathBuf::from(p)
        } else {
            eprintln!(
                "[skip] AUDIO_CODEC_FLAC_FIXTURE not set; no FLAC encoder is \
                 available to synthesise one. Skipping the FLAC round-trip test."
            );
            return;
        };
        if !path.exists() {
            eprintln!(
                "[skip] AUDIO_CODEC_FLAC_FIXTURE={path:?} does not exist on disk; \
                 skipping the FLAC round-trip test."
            );
            return;
        }

        let mut dec = SymphoniaDecoder::open(&path).expect("open fixture");
        let info = dec.open(&path).expect("trait open");
        assert_eq!(info.format, FormatKind::Flac, "expected FLAC container");
        assert!(info.sample_rate > 0);
        assert!(info.channels >= 1);

        let mut got_frames = 0usize;
        while let Some(frame) = dec.next_frame().expect("decode frame") {
            assert_eq!(frame.channels, info.channels);
            // Planar length invariant: samples.len() == channels * num_frames.
            assert_eq!(
                frame.samples.len(),
                usize::from(frame.channels) * frame.num_frames()
            );
            // Every sample must be finite and in [-1, 1].
            for &s in &frame.samples {
                assert!(s.is_finite(), "non-finite sample {s}");
                assert!((-1.0..=1.0).contains(&s), "sample {s} out of [-1,1]");
            }
            got_frames += 1;
        }
        assert!(got_frames > 0, "decoded zero frames from a valid fixture");
    }

    // ---- Stereo de-interleave via the symphonia path ----------------------
    //
    // The helpers below are the symphonia-path analogue of the WAV/hound
    // fixture helpers in `wav.rs`. They write a hand-built stereo WAV with
    // hound, then route it through `SymphoniaDecoder` so the
    // probe → packet → `buffer_to_frame` → `copy_to_slice_planar` pipeline —
    // a structurally different de-interleave than hound's interleaved-sample
    // loop — is exercised end-to-end.

    /// Exact-enough float comparison (uses `<`, never `==`, to stay
    /// `clippy::float_cmp`-clean). Matches the tolerance used by `wav.rs`.
    fn approx_eq(a: f32, b: f32) -> bool {
        (a - b).abs() < 1e-4
    }

    /// Scale factor for 16-bit integer PCM: `1 / 2^15`.
    const SCALE_16BIT: f32 = 1.0 / 32_768.0;

    /// Write `interleaved` 16-bit samples to a temp PCM WAV file and return
    /// its path. Uses native `i16` values so no `cast_*` pedantic lint fires.
    fn write_symphonia_wav_fixture(
        channels: u16,
        sample_rate: u32,
        interleaved: &[i16],
    ) -> PathBuf {
        use hound::{SampleFormat, WavSpec, WavWriter};
        let spec = WavSpec {
            channels,
            sample_rate,
            bits_per_sample: 16,
            sample_format: SampleFormat::Int,
        };
        let mut path = std::env::temp_dir();
        path.push(format!(
            "audio_codec_bsd_symphonia_stereo_{}_{}.wav",
            std::process::id(),
            std::time::SystemTime::now()
                .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
                .map_or(0, |d| d.as_nanos()),
        ));
        let mut writer = WavWriter::create(&path, spec).expect("create wav fixture");
        for &v in interleaved {
            writer.write_sample(v).expect("write sample");
        }
        writer.finalize().expect("finalize wav fixture");
        path
    }

    /// **Symphonia-path stereo gate:** routes a hand-built 2-channel WAV
    /// through `SymphoniaDecoder` (NOT `WavDecoder`/hound), exercising the
    /// packet/buffer API whose de-interleave is structurally distinct from
    /// hound's interleaved-sample loop. Asserts that:
    ///
    /// - `StreamInfo` reports `FormatKind::Wav` and `channels == 2`.
    /// - `channel_slice(0)` and `channel_slice(1)` recover their *independent*
    ///   references within tolerance (proving correct planar grouping).
    /// - The two channels *differ* (catches an interleaved-as-planar bug that
    ///   a byte-count check alone would miss).
    ///
    /// This is the running counterpart to the fixture-gated `flac_*` test: no
    /// external FLAC encoder is needed because symphonia's `wav` + `pcm`
    /// features decode the hound-synthesised RIFF/WAVE in-process.
    #[test]
    fn stereo_wav_deinterleave_via_symphonia() {
        const FRAMES: usize = 8;
        // Channel 0: ascending ramp; Channel 1: a constant plateau. The two
        // patterns are deliberately distinct so an interleaved-as-planar bug
        // would scramble both.
        let want_ch0: [i16; FRAMES] = [-3500, -2500, -1500, -500, 500, 1500, 2500, 3500];
        let want_ch1: [i16; FRAMES] = [16_000; FRAMES];

        // Interleave and write a 16-bit PCM stereo WAV.
        let mut interleaved: Vec<i16> = Vec::with_capacity(FRAMES * 2);
        for i in 0..FRAMES {
            interleaved.push(want_ch0[i]);
            interleaved.push(want_ch1[i]);
        }
        let path = write_symphonia_wav_fixture(2, 48_000, &interleaved);

        // Open via the symphonia path: probe → track → PCM decoder.
        let mut dec = SymphoniaDecoder::open(&path).expect("symphonia open");
        let info = dec.open(&path).expect("trait open");
        // Symphonia reports PCM-in-RIFF as the Wav container (non-FLAC codec).
        assert_eq!(info.format, FormatKind::Wav, "expected Wav container");
        assert_eq!(info.channels, 2, "expected stereo");
        assert_eq!(info.sample_rate, 48_000);

        // Drain every packet, collecting per-channel planar samples. Symphonia
        // may split a small file across packets, so accumulate across frames.
        let mut got_ch0: Vec<f32> = Vec::new();
        let mut got_ch1: Vec<f32> = Vec::new();
        while let Some(frame) = dec.next_frame().expect("decode frame") {
            assert_eq!(frame.channels, 2, "every frame must be stereo");
            got_ch0.extend_from_slice(frame.channel_slice(0));
            got_ch1.extend_from_slice(frame.channel_slice(1));
        }
        assert!(!got_ch0.is_empty(), "decoded zero ch0 samples");

        // (b) The two channels MUST differ — catches interleaved-as-planar.
        assert_ne!(
            got_ch0.as_slice(),
            got_ch1.as_slice(),
            "channels identical: de-interleave failed"
        );

        // (a) Each channel recovers its independent reference within tolerance.
        assert_eq!(got_ch0.len(), FRAMES, "ch0 sample count");
        assert_eq!(got_ch1.len(), FRAMES, "ch1 sample count");
        for (i, &want) in want_ch0.iter().enumerate() {
            let expected = f32::from(want) * SCALE_16BIT;
            assert!(
                approx_eq(got_ch0[i], expected),
                "ch0[{i}] = {}, expected {expected}",
                got_ch0[i]
            );
        }
        for (i, &want) in want_ch1.iter().enumerate() {
            let expected = f32::from(want) * SCALE_16BIT;
            assert!(
                approx_eq(got_ch1[i], expected),
                "ch1[{i}] = {}, expected {expected}",
                got_ch1[i]
            );
        }

        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&path);
    }
}