async_nats/jetstream/

context.rs

// Copyright 2020-2022 The NATS Authors
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
//! Manage operations on [Context], create/delete/update [Stream]

use crate::error::Error;
use crate::jetstream::account::Account;
use crate::jetstream::message::PublishMessage;
use crate::jetstream::publish::PublishAck;
use crate::jetstream::response::Response;
use crate::subject::ToSubject;
use crate::{is_valid_subject, jetstream, Client, Command, Message, StatusCode};
use bytes::Bytes;
use futures_util::future::BoxFuture;
use futures_util::{Future, StreamExt, TryFutureExt};
use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use serde_json::{self, json};
use std::borrow::Borrow;
use std::fmt::Debug;
use std::fmt::Display;
use std::future::IntoFuture;
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::str::from_utf8;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::task::Poll;
use tokio::sync::{mpsc, oneshot, OwnedSemaphorePermit, TryAcquireError};
use tokio::time::Duration;
use tokio_stream::wrappers::ReceiverStream;
use tracing::debug;

use super::consumer::{self, Consumer, FromConsumer, IntoConsumerConfig};
use super::errors::ErrorCode;
use super::is_valid_name;
#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
use super::kv::{Store, MAX_HISTORY};
#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
use super::object_store::{is_valid_bucket_name, ObjectStore};
#[cfg(any(feature = "kv", feature = "object-store"))]
use super::stream::DiscardPolicy;
#[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
use super::stream::{Compression, ConsumerCreateStrictError, ConsumerUpdateError};
use super::stream::{
    Config, ConsumerError, ConsumerErrorKind, DeleteStatus, External, Info, Stream,
};

pub mod traits {
    use std::{future::Future, time::Duration};

    use bytes::Bytes;
    use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Serialize};

    use crate::{jetstream::message, subject::ToSubject, Request};

    use super::RequestError;

    pub trait Requester {
        fn request<S, T, V>(
            &self,
            subject: S,
            payload: &T,
        ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<V, RequestError>>
        where
            S: ToSubject,
            T: ?Sized + Serialize,
            V: DeserializeOwned;
    }

    pub trait RequestSender {
        fn send_request<S: ToSubject>(
            &self,
            subject: S,
            request: Request,
        ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), crate::PublishError>>;
    }

    pub trait Publisher {
        fn publish<S: ToSubject>(
            &self,
            subject: S,
            payload: Bytes,
        ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<super::PublishAckFuture, super::PublishError>>;

        fn publish_message(
            &self,
            message: message::OutboundMessage,
        ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<super::PublishAckFuture, super::PublishError>>;
    }

    pub trait ClientProvider {
        fn client(&self) -> crate::Client;
    }

    pub trait TimeoutProvider {
        fn timeout(&self) -> Duration;
    }
}

/// A context which can perform jetstream scoped requests.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Context {
    pub(crate) client: Client,
    pub(crate) prefix: String,
    pub(crate) timeout: Duration,
    pub(crate) max_ack_semaphore: Arc<tokio::sync::Semaphore>,
    pub(crate) ack_sender:
        tokio::sync::mpsc::Sender<(oneshot::Receiver<Message>, OwnedSemaphorePermit)>,
    pub(crate) backpressure_on_inflight: bool,
    pub(crate) semaphore_capacity: usize,
}

fn spawn_acker(
    rx: ReceiverStream<(oneshot::Receiver<Message>, OwnedSemaphorePermit)>,
    ack_timeout: Duration,
    concurrency: Option<usize>,
) -> tokio::task::JoinHandle<()> {
    tokio::spawn(async move {
        rx.for_each_concurrent(concurrency, |(subscription, permit)| async move {
            tokio::time::timeout(ack_timeout, subscription).await.ok();
            drop(permit);
        })
        .await;
        debug!("Acker task exited");
    })
}

use std::marker::PhantomData;

#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct Yes;
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct No;

pub trait ToAssign: Debug {}

impl ToAssign for Yes {}
impl ToAssign for No {}

/// A builder for [Context]. Beyond what can be set by standard constructor, it allows tweaking
/// pending publish ack backpressure settings.
/// # Examples
/// ```no_run
/// # use async_nats::jetstream::context::ContextBuilder;
/// # use async_nats::Client;
/// # use std::time::Duration;
/// # #[tokio::main]
/// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
/// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io").await?;
/// let context = ContextBuilder::new()
///     .timeout(Duration::from_secs(5))
///     .api_prefix("MY.JS.API")
///     .max_ack_inflight(1000)
///     .build(client);
/// # Ok(())
/// # }
/// ```
pub struct ContextBuilder<PREFIX: ToAssign> {
    prefix: String,
    timeout: Duration,
    semaphore_capacity: usize,
    ack_timeout: Duration,
    backpressure_on_inflight: bool,
    concurrency_limit: Option<usize>,
    _phantom: PhantomData<PREFIX>,
}

impl Default for ContextBuilder<Yes> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: "$JS.API".to_string(),
            timeout: Duration::from_secs(5),
            semaphore_capacity: 5_000,
            ack_timeout: Duration::from_secs(30),
            backpressure_on_inflight: true,
            concurrency_limit: None,
            _phantom: PhantomData {},
        }
    }
}

impl ContextBuilder<Yes> {
    /// Create a new [ContextBuilder] with default settings.
    pub fn new() -> ContextBuilder<Yes> {
        ContextBuilder::default()
    }
}

impl ContextBuilder<Yes> {
    /// Set the prefix for the JetStream API.
    pub fn api_prefix<T: Into<String>>(self, prefix: T) -> ContextBuilder<No> {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: prefix.into(),
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Set the domain for the JetStream API. Domain is the middle part of standard API prefix:
    /// $JS.{domain}.API.
    pub fn domain<T: Into<String>>(self, domain: T) -> ContextBuilder<No> {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: format!("$JS.{}.API", domain.into()),
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

impl<PREFIX> ContextBuilder<PREFIX>
where
    PREFIX: ToAssign,
{
    /// Set the timeout for all JetStream API requests.
    pub fn timeout(self, timeout: Duration) -> ContextBuilder<Yes>
    where
        Yes: ToAssign,
    {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Sets the maximum time client waits for acks from the server when default backpressure is
    /// used.
    pub fn ack_timeout(self, ack_timeout: Duration) -> ContextBuilder<Yes>
    where
        Yes: ToAssign,
    {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Sets the maximum number of pending acks that can be in flight at any given time.
    /// If limit is reached, `publish` throws an error by default, or waits if backpressure is enabled.
    pub fn max_ack_inflight(self, capacity: usize) -> ContextBuilder<Yes>
    where
        Yes: ToAssign,
    {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Enable or disable backpressure when max inflight acks is reached.
    /// When enabled, publish will wait for permits to become available instead of returning an
    /// error.
    /// Default is false (errors on max inflight).
    pub fn backpressure_on_inflight(self, enabled: bool) -> ContextBuilder<Yes>
    where
        Yes: ToAssign,
    {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: enabled,
            concurrency_limit: self.concurrency_limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Sets the concurrency limit for the ack handler task. This might be useful
    /// in scenarios where Tokio runtime is under heavy load.
    pub fn concurrency_limit(self, limit: Option<usize>) -> ContextBuilder<Yes>
    where
        Yes: ToAssign,
    {
        ContextBuilder {
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout: self.timeout,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
            ack_timeout: self.ack_timeout,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            concurrency_limit: limit,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    /// Build the [Context] with the given settings.
    pub fn build(self, client: Client) -> Context {
        let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::<(
            oneshot::Receiver<Message>,
            OwnedSemaphorePermit,
        )>(self.semaphore_capacity);
        let stream = ReceiverStream::new(rx);
        spawn_acker(stream, self.ack_timeout, self.concurrency_limit);
        Context {
            client,
            prefix: self.prefix,
            timeout: self.timeout,
            max_ack_semaphore: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Semaphore::new(self.semaphore_capacity)),
            ack_sender: tx,
            backpressure_on_inflight: self.backpressure_on_inflight,
            semaphore_capacity: self.semaphore_capacity,
        }
    }
}

impl Context {
    pub(crate) fn new(client: Client) -> Context {
        ContextBuilder::default().build(client)
    }

    /// Sets the timeout for all JetStream API requests.
    pub fn set_timeout(&mut self, timeout: Duration) {
        self.timeout = timeout
    }

    /// Return a clone of the underlying NATS client.
    pub fn client(&self) -> Client {
        self.client.clone()
    }

    /// Waits until all pending `acks` are received from the server.
    /// Be aware that this is probably not the way you want to await `acks`,
    /// as it will wait for every `ack` that is pending, including those that might
    /// be published after you call this method.
    /// Useful in testing, or maybe batching.
    pub async fn wait_for_acks(&self) {
        self.max_ack_semaphore
            .acquire_many(self.semaphore_capacity as u32)
            .await
            .ok();
    }

    /// Create a new [Context] with given API prefix.
    pub(crate) fn with_prefix<T: ToString>(client: Client, prefix: T) -> Context {
        ContextBuilder::new()
            .api_prefix(prefix.to_string())
            .build(client)
    }

    /// Create a new [Context] with given domain.
    pub(crate) fn with_domain<T: AsRef<str>>(client: Client, domain: T) -> Context {
        ContextBuilder::new().domain(domain.as_ref()).build(client)
    }

    /// Publishes [jetstream::Message][super::message::Message] to the [Stream] without waiting for
    /// acknowledgment from the server that the message has been successfully delivered.
    ///
    /// Acknowledgment future that can be polled is returned instead.
    ///
    /// If the stream does not exist, `no responders` error will be returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Publish, and after each publish, await for acknowledgment.
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let ack = jetstream.publish("events", "data".into()).await?;
    /// ack.await?;
    /// jetstream.publish("events", "data".into()).await?.await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Publish and do not wait for the acknowledgment. Await can be deferred to when needed or
    /// ignored entirely.
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let first_ack = jetstream.publish("events", "data".into()).await?;
    /// let second_ack = jetstream.publish("events", "data".into()).await?;
    /// first_ack.await?;
    /// second_ack.await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn publish<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        payload: Bytes,
    ) -> Result<PublishAckFuture, PublishError> {
        self.send_publish(subject, PublishMessage::build().payload(payload))
            .await
    }

    /// Publish a message with headers to a given subject associated with a stream and returns an acknowledgment from
    /// the server that the message has been successfully delivered.
    ///
    /// If the stream does not exist, `no responders` error will be returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let mut headers = async_nats::HeaderMap::new();
    /// headers.append("X-key", "Value");
    /// let ack = jetstream
    ///     .publish_with_headers("events", headers, "data".into())
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn publish_with_headers<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        headers: crate::header::HeaderMap,
        payload: Bytes,
    ) -> Result<PublishAckFuture, PublishError> {
        self.send_publish(
            subject,
            PublishMessage::build().payload(payload).headers(headers),
        )
        .await
    }

    /// Publish a message built by [Publish] and returns an acknowledgment future.
    ///
    /// If the stream does not exist, `no responders` error will be returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # use async_nats::jetstream::context::Publish;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let ack = jetstream
    ///     .send_publish(
    ///         "events",
    ///         Publish::build().payload("data".into()).message_id("uuid"),
    ///     )
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn send_publish<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        publish: PublishMessage,
    ) -> Result<PublishAckFuture, PublishError> {
        let permit = if self.backpressure_on_inflight {
            // When backpressure is enabled, wait for a permit to become available
            self.max_ack_semaphore
                .clone()
                .acquire_owned()
                .await
                .map_err(|err| PublishError::with_source(PublishErrorKind::Other, err))?
        } else {
            // When backpressure is disabled, error immediately if no permits available
            self.max_ack_semaphore
                .clone()
                .try_acquire_owned()
                .map_err(|err| match err {
                    TryAcquireError::NoPermits => {
                        PublishError::new(PublishErrorKind::MaxAckPending)
                    }
                    _ => PublishError::with_source(PublishErrorKind::Other, err),
                })?
        };
        let subject = subject.to_subject();
        let (sender, receiver) = oneshot::channel();

        let respond = self.client.new_inbox().into();

        let send_fut = self
            .client
            .sender
            .send(Command::Request {
                subject,
                payload: publish.payload,
                respond,
                headers: publish.headers,
                sender,
            })
            .map_err(|err| PublishError::with_source(PublishErrorKind::Other, err));

        tokio::time::timeout(self.timeout, send_fut)
            .map_err(|_elapsed| PublishError::new(PublishErrorKind::TimedOut))
            .await??;

        Ok(PublishAckFuture {
            timeout: self.timeout,
            subscription: Some(receiver),
            permit: Some(permit),
            tx: self.ack_sender.clone(),
        })
    }

    /// Query the server for account information
    pub async fn query_account(&self) -> Result<Account, AccountError> {
        let response: Response<Account> = self.request("INFO", b"").await?;

        match response {
            Response::Err { error } => Err(AccountError::new(AccountErrorKind::JetStream(error))),
            Response::Ok(account) => Ok(account),
        }
    }

    /// Create a JetStream [Stream] with given config and return a handle to it.
    /// That handle can be used to manage and use [Consumer].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Config;
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::DiscardPolicy;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream
    ///     .create_stream(Config {
    ///         name: "events".to_string(),
    ///         max_messages: 100_000,
    ///         discard: DiscardPolicy::Old,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn create_stream<S>(
        &self,
        stream_config: S,
    ) -> Result<Stream<Info>, CreateStreamError>
    where
        Config: From<S>,
    {
        let mut config: Config = stream_config.into();
        if config.name.is_empty() {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::EmptyStreamName,
            ));
        }
        if !is_valid_name(config.name.as_str()) {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName,
            ));
        }
        if let Some(ref mut mirror) = config.mirror {
            if let Some(ref mut domain) = mirror.domain {
                if mirror.external.is_some() {
                    return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                        CreateStreamErrorKind::DomainAndExternalSet,
                    ));
                }
                mirror.external = Some(External {
                    api_prefix: format!("$JS.{domain}.API"),
                    delivery_prefix: None,
                })
            }
        }

        if let Some(ref mut sources) = config.sources {
            for source in sources {
                if let Some(ref mut domain) = source.domain {
                    if source.external.is_some() {
                        return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                            CreateStreamErrorKind::DomainAndExternalSet,
                        ));
                    }
                    source.external = Some(External {
                        api_prefix: format!("$JS.{domain}.API"),
                        delivery_prefix: None,
                    })
                }
            }
        }
        let subject = format!("STREAM.CREATE.{}", config.name);
        let response: Response<Info> = self.request(subject, &config).await?;

        match response {
            Response::Err { error } => Err(error.into()),
            Response::Ok(info) => Ok(Stream {
                context: self.clone(),
                info,
                name: config.name,
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Checks for [Stream] existence on the server and returns handle to it.
    /// That handle can be used to manage and use [Consumer].
    /// This variant does not fetch [Stream] info from the server.
    /// It means it does not check if the stream actually exists.
    /// If you run more operations on few streams, it is better to use [Context::get_stream] instead.
    /// If you however run single operations on many streams, this method is more efficient.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream.get_stream_no_info("events").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn get_stream_no_info<T: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        stream: T,
    ) -> Result<Stream<()>, GetStreamError> {
        let stream = stream.as_ref();
        if stream.is_empty() {
            return Err(GetStreamError::new(GetStreamErrorKind::EmptyName));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(stream) {
            return Err(GetStreamError::new(GetStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName));
        }

        Ok(Stream {
            context: self.clone(),
            info: (),
            name: stream.to_string(),
        })
    }

    /// Checks for [Stream] existence on the server and returns handle to it.
    /// That handle can be used to manage and use [Consumer].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream.get_stream("events").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn get_stream<T: AsRef<str>>(&self, stream: T) -> Result<Stream, GetStreamError> {
        let stream = stream.as_ref();
        if stream.is_empty() {
            return Err(GetStreamError::new(GetStreamErrorKind::EmptyName));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(stream) {
            return Err(GetStreamError::new(GetStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName));
        }

        let subject = format!("STREAM.INFO.{stream}");
        let request: Response<Info> = self
            .request(subject, &())
            .await
            .map_err(|err| GetStreamError::with_source(GetStreamErrorKind::Request, err))?;
        match request {
            Response::Err { error } => {
                Err(GetStreamError::new(GetStreamErrorKind::JetStream(error)))
            }
            Response::Ok(info) => Ok(Stream {
                context: self.clone(),
                info,
                name: stream.to_string(),
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Create a stream with the given configuration on the server if it is not present. Returns a handle to the stream on the server.
    ///
    /// Note: This does not validate if the Stream on the server is compatible with the configuration passed in.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Config;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream
    ///     .get_or_create_stream(Config {
    ///         name: "events".to_string(),
    ///         max_messages: 10_000,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn get_or_create_stream<S>(
        &self,
        stream_config: S,
    ) -> Result<Stream, CreateStreamError>
    where
        S: Into<Config>,
    {
        let config: Config = stream_config.into();

        if config.name.is_empty() {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::EmptyStreamName,
            ));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(config.name.as_str()) {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName,
            ));
        }
        let subject = format!("STREAM.INFO.{}", config.name);

        let request: Response<Info> = self.request(subject, &()).await?;
        match request {
            Response::Err { error } if error.code() == 404 => self.create_stream(&config).await,
            Response::Err { error } => Err(error.into()),
            Response::Ok(info) => Ok(Stream {
                context: self.clone(),
                info,
                name: config.name,
            }),
        }
    }

    /// Deletes a [Stream] with a given name.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Config;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream.delete_stream("events").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn delete_stream<T: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        stream: T,
    ) -> Result<DeleteStatus, DeleteStreamError> {
        let stream = stream.as_ref();
        if stream.is_empty() {
            return Err(DeleteStreamError::new(DeleteStreamErrorKind::EmptyName));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(stream) {
            return Err(DeleteStreamError::new(
                DeleteStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName,
            ));
        }

        let subject = format!("STREAM.DELETE.{stream}");
        match self
            .request(subject, &json!({}))
            .await
            .map_err(|err| DeleteStreamError::with_source(DeleteStreamErrorKind::Request, err))?
        {
            Response::Err { error } => Err(DeleteStreamError::new(
                DeleteStreamErrorKind::JetStream(error),
            )),
            Response::Ok(delete_response) => Ok(delete_response),
        }
    }

    /// Updates a [Stream] with a given config. If specific field cannot be updated,
    /// error is returned.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Config;
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::DiscardPolicy;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream
    ///     .update_stream(Config {
    ///         name: "events".to_string(),
    ///         discard: DiscardPolicy::New,
    ///         max_messages: 50_000,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn update_stream<S>(&self, config: S) -> Result<Info, UpdateStreamError>
    where
        S: Borrow<Config>,
    {
        let config = config.borrow();

        if config.name.is_empty() {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::EmptyStreamName,
            ));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(config.name.as_str()) {
            return Err(CreateStreamError::new(
                CreateStreamErrorKind::InvalidStreamName,
            ));
        }

        let subject = format!("STREAM.UPDATE.{}", config.name);
        match self.request(subject, config).await? {
            Response::Err { error } => Err(error.into()),
            Response::Ok(info) => Ok(info),
        }
    }

    /// Tries to update a [Stream] with a given config, and if it does not exist, create it.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Config;
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::stream::DiscardPolicy;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let stream = jetstream
    ///     .create_or_update_stream(Config {
    ///         name: "events".to_string(),
    ///         discard: DiscardPolicy::New,
    ///         max_messages: 50_000,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn create_or_update_stream(&self, config: Config) -> Result<Info, CreateStreamError> {
        match self.update_stream(config.clone()).await {
            Ok(stream) => Ok(stream),
            Err(err) => match err.kind() {
                CreateStreamErrorKind::NotFound => {
                    let stream = self
                        .create_stream(config)
                        .await
                        .map_err(|err| CreateStreamError::with_source(err.kind(), err))?;
                    Ok(stream.info)
                }
                _ => Err(err),
            },
        }
    }

    /// Looks up Stream that contains provided subject.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use futures_util::TryStreamExt;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let stream_name = jetstream.stream_by_subject("foo.>");
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn stream_by_subject<T: Into<String>>(
        &self,
        subject: T,
    ) -> Result<String, GetStreamByNameError> {
        let subject = subject.into();
        if !is_valid_subject(subject.as_str()) {
            return Err(GetStreamByNameError::new(
                GetStreamByNameErrorKind::InvalidSubject,
            ));
        }
        let mut names = StreamNames {
            context: self.clone(),
            offset: 0,
            page_request: None,
            streams: Vec::new(),
            subject: Some(subject),
            done: false,
        };
        match names.next().await {
            Some(name) => match name {
                Ok(name) => Ok(name),
                Err(err) => Err(GetStreamByNameError::with_source(
                    GetStreamByNameErrorKind::Request,
                    err,
                )),
            },
            None => Err(GetStreamByNameError::new(
                GetStreamByNameErrorKind::NotFound,
            )),
        }
    }

    /// Lists names of all streams for current context.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use futures_util::TryStreamExt;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let mut names = jetstream.stream_names();
    /// while let Some(stream) = names.try_next().await? {
    ///     println!("stream: {}", stream);
    /// }
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub fn stream_names(&self) -> StreamNames {
        StreamNames {
            context: self.clone(),
            offset: 0,
            page_request: None,
            streams: Vec::new(),
            subject: None,
            done: false,
        }
    }

    /// Lists all streams info for current context.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use futures_util::TryStreamExt;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let mut streams = jetstream.streams();
    /// while let Some(stream) = streams.try_next().await? {
    ///     println!("stream: {:?}", stream);
    /// }
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub fn streams(&self) -> Streams {
        Streams {
            context: self.clone(),
            offset: 0,
            page_request: None,
            streams: Vec::new(),
            done: false,
        }
    }
    /// Returns an existing key-value bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let kv = jetstream.get_key_value("bucket").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "kv")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "kv")))]
    pub async fn get_key_value<T: Into<String>>(&self, bucket: T) -> Result<Store, KeyValueError> {
        let bucket: String = bucket.into();
        if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(&bucket) {
            return Err(KeyValueError::new(KeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName));
        }

        let stream_name = format!("KV_{}", &bucket);
        let stream = self
            .get_stream(stream_name.clone())
            .map_err(|err| KeyValueError::with_source(KeyValueErrorKind::GetBucket, err))
            .await?;

        if stream.info.config.max_messages_per_subject < 1 {
            return Err(KeyValueError::new(KeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName));
        }
        let mut store = Store {
            prefix: format!("$KV.{}.", &bucket),
            name: bucket,
            stream_name,
            stream: stream.clone(),
            put_prefix: None,
            use_jetstream_prefix: self.prefix != "$JS.API",
        };
        if let Some(ref mirror) = stream.info.config.mirror {
            let bucket = mirror.name.trim_start_matches("KV_");
            if let Some(ref external) = mirror.external {
                if !external.api_prefix.is_empty() {
                    store.use_jetstream_prefix = false;
                    store.prefix = format!("$KV.{bucket}.");
                    store.put_prefix = Some(format!("{}.$KV.{}.", external.api_prefix, bucket));
                } else {
                    store.put_prefix = Some(format!("$KV.{bucket}."));
                }
            }
        };

        Ok(store)
    }

    /// Creates a new key-value bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let kv = jetstream
    ///     .create_key_value(async_nats::jetstream::kv::Config {
    ///         bucket: "kv".to_string(),
    ///         history: 10,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "kv")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "kv")))]
    pub async fn create_key_value(
        &self,
        config: crate::jetstream::kv::Config,
    ) -> Result<Store, CreateKeyValueError> {
        if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(&config.bucket) {
            return Err(CreateKeyValueError::new(
                CreateKeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName,
            ));
        }
        let info = self.query_account().await.map_err(|err| {
            CreateKeyValueError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err)
        })?;

        let bucket_name = config.bucket.clone();
        let stream_config = kv_to_stream_config(config, info)?;

        let stream = self.create_stream(stream_config).await.map_err(|err| {
            if err.kind() == CreateStreamErrorKind::TimedOut {
                CreateKeyValueError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::TimedOut, err)
            } else {
                CreateKeyValueError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::BucketCreate, err)
            }
        })?;

        Ok(map_to_kv(stream, self.prefix.clone(), bucket_name))
    }

    /// Updates an existing key-value bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let kv = jetstream
    ///     .update_key_value(async_nats::jetstream::kv::Config {
    ///         bucket: "kv".to_string(),
    ///         history: 60,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "kv")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "kv")))]
    pub async fn update_key_value(
        &self,
        config: crate::jetstream::kv::Config,
    ) -> Result<Store, UpdateKeyValueError> {
        if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(&config.bucket) {
            return Err(UpdateKeyValueError::new(
                UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName,
            ));
        }

        let stream_name = format!("KV_{}", config.bucket);
        let bucket_name = config.bucket.clone();

        let account = self.query_account().await.map_err(|err| {
            UpdateKeyValueError::with_source(UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err)
        })?;
        let stream = self
            .update_stream(kv_to_stream_config(config, account)?)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| match err.kind() {
                UpdateStreamErrorKind::NotFound => {
                    UpdateKeyValueError::with_source(UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::NotFound, err)
                }
                _ => UpdateKeyValueError::with_source(UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err),
            })?;

        let stream = Stream {
            context: self.clone(),
            info: stream,
            name: stream_name,
        };

        Ok(map_to_kv(stream, self.prefix.clone(), bucket_name))
    }

    /// Tries to update an existing Key-Value bucket. If it does not exist, creates it.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let kv = jetstream
    ///     .update_key_value(async_nats::jetstream::kv::Config {
    ///         bucket: "kv".to_string(),
    ///         history: 60,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "kv")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "kv")))]
    pub async fn create_or_update_key_value(
        &self,
        config: crate::jetstream::kv::Config,
    ) -> Result<Store, CreateKeyValueError> {
        if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(&config.bucket) {
            return Err(CreateKeyValueError::new(
                CreateKeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName,
            ));
        }

        let bucket_name = config.bucket.clone();
        let stream_name = format!("KV_{}", config.bucket);

        let account = self.query_account().await.map_err(|err| {
            CreateKeyValueError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err)
        })?;
        let stream = self
            .create_or_update_stream(kv_to_stream_config(config, account)?)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| {
                CreateKeyValueError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err)
            })?;

        let stream = Stream {
            context: self.clone(),
            info: stream,
            name: stream_name,
        };

        Ok(map_to_kv(stream, self.prefix.clone(), bucket_name))
    }

    /// Deletes given key-value bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let kv = jetstream
    ///     .create_key_value(async_nats::jetstream::kv::Config {
    ///         bucket: "kv".to_string(),
    ///         history: 10,
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "kv")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "kv")))]
    pub async fn delete_key_value<T: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        bucket: T,
    ) -> Result<DeleteStatus, KeyValueError> {
        if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(bucket.as_ref()) {
            return Err(KeyValueError::new(KeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName));
        }

        let stream_name = format!("KV_{}", bucket.as_ref());
        self.delete_stream(stream_name)
            .map_err(|err| KeyValueError::with_source(KeyValueErrorKind::JetStream, err))
            .await
    }

    // pub async fn update_key_value<C: Borrow<kv::Config>>(&self, config: C) -> Result<(), crate::Error> {
    //     let config = config.borrow();
    //     if !crate::jetstream::kv::is_valid_bucket_name(&config.bucket) {
    //         return Err(Box::new(std::io::Error::other(
    //             "invalid bucket name",
    //         )));
    //     }

    //     let stream_name = format!("KV_{}", config.bucket);
    //     self.update_stream()
    //         .await
    //         .and_then(|info| Ok(()))
    // }

    /// Get a [crate::jetstream::consumer::Consumer] straight from [Context], without binding to a [Stream] first.
    ///
    /// It has one less interaction with the server when binding to only one
    /// [crate::jetstream::consumer::Consumer].
    ///
    /// # Examples:
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::consumer::PullConsumer;
    ///
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let consumer: PullConsumer = jetstream
    ///     .get_consumer_from_stream("consumer", "stream")
    ///     .await?;
    ///
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn get_consumer_from_stream<T, C, S>(
        &self,
        consumer: C,
        stream: S,
    ) -> Result<Consumer<T>, ConsumerError>
    where
        T: FromConsumer + IntoConsumerConfig,
        S: AsRef<str>,
        C: AsRef<str>,
    {
        if !is_valid_name(stream.as_ref()) {
            return Err(ConsumerError::with_source(
                ConsumerErrorKind::InvalidName,
                "invalid stream",
            ));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(consumer.as_ref()) {
            return Err(ConsumerError::new(ConsumerErrorKind::InvalidName));
        }

        let subject = format!("CONSUMER.INFO.{}.{}", stream.as_ref(), consumer.as_ref());

        let info: super::consumer::Info = match self.request(subject, &json!({})).await? {
            Response::Ok(info) => info,
            Response::Err { error } => return Err(error.into()),
        };

        Ok(Consumer::new(
            T::try_from_consumer_config(info.config.clone()).map_err(|err| {
                ConsumerError::with_source(ConsumerErrorKind::InvalidConsumerType, err)
            })?,
            info,
            self.clone(),
        ))
    }

    /// Delete a [crate::jetstream::consumer::Consumer] straight from [Context], without binding to a [Stream] first.
    ///
    /// It has one less interaction with the server when binding to only one
    /// [crate::jetstream::consumer::Consumer].
    ///
    /// # Examples:
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::consumer::PullConsumer;
    ///
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// jetstream
    ///     .delete_consumer_from_stream("consumer", "stream")
    ///     .await?;
    ///
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn delete_consumer_from_stream<C: AsRef<str>, S: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        consumer: C,
        stream: S,
    ) -> Result<DeleteStatus, ConsumerError> {
        if !is_valid_name(consumer.as_ref()) {
            return Err(ConsumerError::new(ConsumerErrorKind::InvalidName));
        }

        if !is_valid_name(stream.as_ref()) {
            return Err(ConsumerError::with_source(
                ConsumerErrorKind::Other,
                "invalid stream name",
            ));
        }

        let subject = format!("CONSUMER.DELETE.{}.{}", stream.as_ref(), consumer.as_ref());

        match self.request(subject, &json!({})).await? {
            Response::Ok(delete_status) => Ok(delete_status),
            Response::Err { error } => Err(error.into()),
        }
    }

    /// Create or update a `Durable` or `Ephemeral` Consumer (if `durable_name` was not provided) and
    /// returns the info from the server about created [Consumer] without binding to a [Stream] first.
    /// If you want a strict update or create, use [Context::create_consumer_strict_on_stream] or [Context::update_consumer_on_stream].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::consumer;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let consumer: consumer::PullConsumer = jetstream
    ///     .create_consumer_on_stream(
    ///         consumer::pull::Config {
    ///             durable_name: Some("pull".to_string()),
    ///             ..Default::default()
    ///         },
    ///         "stream",
    ///     )
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn create_consumer_on_stream<C: IntoConsumerConfig + FromConsumer, S: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        config: C,
        stream: S,
    ) -> Result<Consumer<C>, ConsumerError> {
        self.create_consumer_on_stream_action(config, stream, ConsumerAction::CreateOrUpdate)
            .await
    }

    /// Update an existing consumer.
    /// This call will fail if the consumer does not exist.
    /// returns the info from the server about updated [Consumer] without binding to a [Stream] first.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::consumer;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let consumer: consumer::PullConsumer = jetstream
    ///     .update_consumer_on_stream(
    ///         consumer::pull::Config {
    ///             durable_name: Some("pull".to_string()),
    ///             description: Some("updated pull consumer".to_string()),
    ///             ..Default::default()
    ///         },
    ///         "stream",
    ///     )
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
    pub async fn update_consumer_on_stream<C: IntoConsumerConfig + FromConsumer, S: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        config: C,
        stream: S,
    ) -> Result<Consumer<C>, ConsumerUpdateError> {
        self.create_consumer_on_stream_action(config, stream, ConsumerAction::Update)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| err.into())
    }

    /// Create consumer on stream, but only if it does not exist or the existing config is exactly
    /// the same.
    /// This method will fail if consumer is already present with different config.
    /// returns the info from the server about created [Consumer] without binding to a [Stream] first.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// use async_nats::jetstream::consumer;
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let consumer: consumer::PullConsumer = jetstream
    ///     .create_consumer_strict_on_stream(
    ///         consumer::pull::Config {
    ///             durable_name: Some("pull".to_string()),
    ///             ..Default::default()
    ///         },
    ///         "stream",
    ///     )
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
    pub async fn create_consumer_strict_on_stream<
        C: IntoConsumerConfig + FromConsumer,
        S: AsRef<str>,
    >(
        &self,
        config: C,
        stream: S,
    ) -> Result<Consumer<C>, ConsumerCreateStrictError> {
        self.create_consumer_on_stream_action(config, stream, ConsumerAction::Create)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| err.into())
    }

    async fn create_consumer_on_stream_action<
        C: IntoConsumerConfig + FromConsumer,
        S: AsRef<str>,
    >(
        &self,
        config: C,
        stream: S,
        action: ConsumerAction,
    ) -> Result<Consumer<C>, ConsumerError> {
        let config = config.into_consumer_config();

        let subject = {
            let filter = if config.filter_subject.is_empty() {
                "".to_string()
            } else {
                format!(".{}", config.filter_subject)
            };
            config
                .name
                .as_ref()
                .or(config.durable_name.as_ref())
                .map(|name| format!("CONSUMER.CREATE.{}.{}{}", stream.as_ref(), name, filter))
                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("CONSUMER.CREATE.{}", stream.as_ref()))
        };

        match self
            .request(
                subject,
                &json!({"stream_name": stream.as_ref(), "config": config, "action": action}),
            )
            .await?
        {
            Response::Err { error } => Err(ConsumerError::new(ConsumerErrorKind::JetStream(error))),
            Response::Ok::<consumer::Info>(info) => Ok(Consumer::new(
                FromConsumer::try_from_consumer_config(info.clone().config)
                    .map_err(|err| ConsumerError::with_source(ConsumerErrorKind::Other, err))?,
                info,
                self.clone(),
            )),
        }
    }

    /// Send a request to the jetstream JSON API.
    ///
    /// This is a low level API used mostly internally, that should be used only in
    /// specific cases when this crate API on [Consumer] or [Stream] does not provide needed functionality.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # use async_nats::jetstream::stream::Info;
    /// # use async_nats::jetstream::response::Response;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("localhost:4222").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    ///
    /// let response: Response<Info> = jetstream.request("STREAM.INFO.events", &()).await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn request<S, T, V>(&self, subject: S, payload: &T) -> Result<V, RequestError>
    where
        S: ToSubject,
        T: ?Sized + Serialize,
        V: DeserializeOwned,
    {
        let subject = subject.to_subject();
        let request = serde_json::to_vec(&payload)
            .map(Bytes::from)
            .map_err(|err| RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, err))?;

        debug!("JetStream request sent: {:?}", request);

        let message = self
            .client
            .request(format!("{}.{}", self.prefix, subject.as_ref()), request)
            .await;
        let message = message?;
        debug!(
            "JetStream request response: {:?}",
            from_utf8(&message.payload)
        );
        let response = serde_json::from_slice(message.payload.as_ref())
            .map_err(|err| RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, err))?;

        Ok(response)
    }

    /// Send a JetStream API request without waiting for a response.
    /// The subject will be automatically prefixed with the JetStream API prefix.
    ///
    /// This is useful for operations that need custom response handling,
    /// such as streaming responses (batch get) where the caller manages
    /// their own subscription to the reply inbox.
    ///
    /// Used mostly by extension crates.
    pub async fn send_request<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        request: crate::client::Request,
    ) -> Result<(), crate::PublishError> {
        let prefixed_subject = format!("{}.{}", self.prefix, subject.to_subject());
        let inbox = request.inbox.unwrap_or_else(|| self.client.new_inbox());
        let payload = request.payload.unwrap_or_default();

        match request.headers {
            Some(headers) => {
                self.client
                    .publish_with_reply_and_headers(prefixed_subject, inbox, headers, payload)
                    .await
            }
            None => {
                self.client
                    .publish_with_reply(prefixed_subject, inbox, payload)
                    .await
            }
        }
    }

    /// Creates a new object store bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let bucket = jetstream
    ///     .create_object_store(async_nats::jetstream::object_store::Config {
    ///         bucket: "bucket".to_string(),
    ///         ..Default::default()
    ///     })
    ///     .await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "object-store")))]
    pub async fn create_object_store(
        &self,
        config: super::object_store::Config,
    ) -> Result<super::object_store::ObjectStore, CreateObjectStoreError> {
        if !super::object_store::is_valid_bucket_name(&config.bucket) {
            return Err(CreateObjectStoreError::new(
                CreateKeyValueErrorKind::InvalidStoreName,
            ));
        }

        let bucket_name = config.bucket.clone();
        let stream_name = format!("OBJ_{bucket_name}");
        let chunk_subject = format!("$O.{bucket_name}.C.>");
        let meta_subject = format!("$O.{bucket_name}.M.>");

        let stream = self
            .create_stream(super::stream::Config {
                name: stream_name,
                description: config.description.clone(),
                subjects: vec![chunk_subject, meta_subject],
                max_age: config.max_age,
                max_bytes: config.max_bytes,
                storage: config.storage,
                num_replicas: config.num_replicas,
                discard: DiscardPolicy::New,
                allow_rollup: true,
                allow_direct: true,
                #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
                compression: if config.compression {
                    Some(Compression::S2)
                } else {
                    None
                },
                placement: config.placement,
                ..Default::default()
            })
            .await
            .map_err(|err| {
                CreateObjectStoreError::with_source(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::BucketCreate, err)
            })?;

        Ok(ObjectStore {
            name: bucket_name,
            stream,
        })
    }

    /// Get an existing object store bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let bucket = jetstream.get_object_store("bucket").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "object-store")))]
    pub async fn get_object_store<T: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        bucket_name: T,
    ) -> Result<ObjectStore, ObjectStoreError> {
        let bucket_name = bucket_name.as_ref();
        if !is_valid_bucket_name(bucket_name) {
            return Err(ObjectStoreError::new(
                ObjectStoreErrorKind::InvalidBucketName,
            ));
        }
        let stream_name = format!("OBJ_{bucket_name}");
        let stream = self
            .get_stream(stream_name)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| ObjectStoreError::with_source(ObjectStoreErrorKind::GetStore, err))?;

        Ok(ObjectStore {
            name: bucket_name.to_string(),
            stream,
        })
    }

    /// Delete a object store bucket.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() -> Result<(), async_nats::Error> {
    /// let client = async_nats::connect("demo.nats.io").await?;
    /// let jetstream = async_nats::jetstream::new(client);
    /// let bucket = jetstream.delete_object_store("bucket").await?;
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # }
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "object-store")))]
    pub async fn delete_object_store<T: AsRef<str>>(
        &self,
        bucket_name: T,
    ) -> Result<(), DeleteObjectStore> {
        let stream_name = format!("OBJ_{}", bucket_name.as_ref());
        self.delete_stream(stream_name)
            .await
            .map_err(|err| ObjectStoreError::with_source(ObjectStoreErrorKind::GetStore, err))?;
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl crate::client::traits::Requester for Context {
    fn send_request<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        request: crate::Request,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<Message, crate::RequestError>> {
        self.client.send_request(subject, request)
    }
}

impl crate::client::traits::Publisher for Context {
    fn publish_with_reply<S: ToSubject, R: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        reply: R,
        payload: Bytes,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), crate::PublishError>> {
        self.client.publish_with_reply(subject, reply, payload)
    }

    fn publish_message(
        &self,
        msg: crate::message::OutboundMessage,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), crate::PublishError>> {
        self.client.publish_message(msg)
    }
}

impl traits::ClientProvider for Context {
    fn client(&self) -> crate::Client {
        self.client()
    }
}

impl traits::Requester for Context {
    fn request<S, T, V>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        payload: &T,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<V, RequestError>>
    where
        S: ToSubject,
        T: ?Sized + Serialize,
        V: DeserializeOwned,
    {
        self.request(subject, payload)
    }
}

impl traits::TimeoutProvider for Context {
    fn timeout(&self) -> Duration {
        self.timeout
    }
}

impl traits::RequestSender for Context {
    fn send_request<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        request: crate::client::Request,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), crate::PublishError>> {
        self.send_request(subject, request)
    }
}

impl traits::Publisher for Context {
    fn publish<S: ToSubject>(
        &self,
        subject: S,
        payload: Bytes,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<PublishAckFuture, PublishError>> {
        self.publish(subject, payload)
    }

    fn publish_message(
        &self,
        message: jetstream::message::OutboundMessage,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<PublishAckFuture, PublishError>> {
        self.send_publish(
            message.subject,
            PublishMessage {
                payload: message.payload,
                headers: message.headers,
            },
        )
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum PublishErrorKind {
    StreamNotFound,
    WrongLastMessageId,
    WrongLastSequence,
    TimedOut,
    BrokenPipe,
    MaxAckPending,
    Other,
}

impl Display for PublishErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::StreamNotFound => write!(f, "no stream found for given subject"),
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out: didn't receive ack in time"),
            Self::Other => write!(f, "publish failed"),
            Self::BrokenPipe => write!(f, "broken pipe"),
            Self::WrongLastMessageId => write!(f, "wrong last message id"),
            Self::WrongLastSequence => write!(f, "wrong last sequence"),
            Self::MaxAckPending => write!(f, "max ack pending reached"),
        }
    }
}

pub type PublishError = Error<PublishErrorKind>;

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct PublishAckFuture {
    timeout: Duration,
    subscription: Option<oneshot::Receiver<Message>>,
    permit: Option<OwnedSemaphorePermit>,
    tx: mpsc::Sender<(oneshot::Receiver<Message>, OwnedSemaphorePermit)>,
}

impl Drop for PublishAckFuture {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if let (Some(sub), Some(permit)) = (self.subscription.take(), self.permit.take()) {
            if let Err(err) = self.tx.try_send((sub, permit)) {
                tracing::warn!("failed to pass future permit to the acker: {}", err);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl PublishAckFuture {
    async fn next_with_timeout(mut self) -> Result<PublishAck, PublishError> {
        let next = tokio::time::timeout(self.timeout, self.subscription.take().unwrap())
            .await
            .map_err(|_| PublishError::new(PublishErrorKind::TimedOut))?;
        next.map_or_else(
            |_| Err(PublishError::new(PublishErrorKind::BrokenPipe)),
            |m| {
                if m.status == Some(StatusCode::NO_RESPONDERS) {
                    return Err(PublishError::new(PublishErrorKind::StreamNotFound));
                }
                let response = serde_json::from_slice(m.payload.as_ref())
                    .map_err(|err| PublishError::with_source(PublishErrorKind::Other, err))?;
                match response {
                    Response::Err { error } => match error.error_code() {
                        ErrorCode::STREAM_WRONG_LAST_MESSAGE_ID => Err(PublishError::with_source(
                            PublishErrorKind::WrongLastMessageId,
                            error,
                        )),
                        ErrorCode::STREAM_WRONG_LAST_SEQUENCE => Err(PublishError::with_source(
                            PublishErrorKind::WrongLastSequence,
                            error,
                        )),
                        _ => Err(PublishError::with_source(PublishErrorKind::Other, error)),
                    },
                    Response::Ok(publish_ack) => Ok(publish_ack),
                }
            },
        )
    }
}
impl IntoFuture for PublishAckFuture {
    type Output = Result<PublishAck, PublishError>;

    type IntoFuture = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<PublishAck, PublishError>> + Send>>;

    fn into_future(self) -> Self::IntoFuture {
        Box::pin(std::future::IntoFuture::into_future(
            self.next_with_timeout(),
        ))
    }
}

#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
struct StreamPage {
    total: usize,
    streams: Option<Vec<String>>,
}

#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
struct StreamInfoPage {
    total: usize,
    streams: Option<Vec<super::stream::Info>>,
}

type PageRequest = BoxFuture<'static, Result<StreamPage, RequestError>>;

pub struct StreamNames {
    context: Context,
    offset: usize,
    page_request: Option<PageRequest>,
    subject: Option<String>,
    streams: Vec<String>,
    done: bool,
}

impl futures_util::Stream for StreamNames {
    type Item = Result<String, StreamsError>;

    fn poll_next(
        mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut std::task::Context<'_>,
    ) -> std::task::Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
        match self.page_request.as_mut() {
            Some(page) => match page.try_poll_unpin(cx) {
                std::task::Poll::Ready(page) => {
                    self.page_request = None;
                    let page = page
                        .map_err(|err| StreamsError::with_source(StreamsErrorKind::Other, err))?;
                    if let Some(streams) = page.streams {
                        self.offset += streams.len();
                        self.streams = streams;
                        if self.offset >= page.total {
                            self.done = true;
                        }
                        match self.streams.pop() {
                            Some(stream) => Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(stream))),
                            None => Poll::Ready(None),
                        }
                    } else {
                        Poll::Ready(None)
                    }
                }
                std::task::Poll::Pending => std::task::Poll::Pending,
            },
            None => {
                if let Some(stream) = self.streams.pop() {
                    Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(stream)))
                } else {
                    if self.done {
                        return Poll::Ready(None);
                    }
                    let context = self.context.clone();
                    let offset = self.offset;
                    let subject = self.subject.clone();
                    self.page_request = Some(Box::pin(async move {
                        match context
                            .request(
                                "STREAM.NAMES",
                                &json!({
                                    "offset": offset,
                                    "subject": subject
                                }),
                            )
                            .await?
                        {
                            Response::Err { error } => {
                                Err(RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, error))
                            }
                            Response::Ok(page) => Ok(page),
                        }
                    }));
                    self.poll_next(cx)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

type PageInfoRequest = BoxFuture<'static, Result<StreamInfoPage, RequestError>>;

pub type StreamsErrorKind = RequestErrorKind;
pub type StreamsError = RequestError;

pub struct Streams {
    context: Context,
    offset: usize,
    page_request: Option<PageInfoRequest>,
    streams: Vec<super::stream::Info>,
    done: bool,
}

impl futures_util::Stream for Streams {
    type Item = Result<super::stream::Info, StreamsError>;

    fn poll_next(
        mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut std::task::Context<'_>,
    ) -> std::task::Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
        match self.page_request.as_mut() {
            Some(page) => match page.try_poll_unpin(cx) {
                std::task::Poll::Ready(page) => {
                    self.page_request = None;
                    let page = page
                        .map_err(|err| StreamsError::with_source(StreamsErrorKind::Other, err))?;
                    if let Some(streams) = page.streams {
                        self.offset += streams.len();
                        self.streams = streams;
                        if self.offset >= page.total {
                            self.done = true;
                        }
                        match self.streams.pop() {
                            Some(stream) => Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(stream))),
                            None => Poll::Ready(None),
                        }
                    } else {
                        Poll::Ready(None)
                    }
                }
                std::task::Poll::Pending => std::task::Poll::Pending,
            },
            None => {
                if let Some(stream) = self.streams.pop() {
                    Poll::Ready(Some(Ok(stream)))
                } else {
                    if self.done {
                        return Poll::Ready(None);
                    }
                    let context = self.context.clone();
                    let offset = self.offset;
                    self.page_request = Some(Box::pin(async move {
                        match context
                            .request(
                                "STREAM.LIST",
                                &json!({
                                    "offset": offset,
                                }),
                            )
                            .await?
                        {
                            Response::Err { error } => {
                                Err(RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, error))
                            }
                            Response::Ok(page) => Ok(page),
                        }
                    }));
                    self.poll_next(cx)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/// Alias to avoid breaking changes.
/// Please use `jetstream::message::PublishMessage` instead.
#[deprecated(
    note = "use jetstream::message::PublishMessage instead",
    since = "0.44.0"
)]
pub type Publish = super::message::PublishMessage;

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum RequestErrorKind {
    NoResponders,
    TimedOut,
    Other,
}

impl Display for RequestErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out"),
            Self::Other => write!(f, "request failed"),
            Self::NoResponders => write!(f, "requested JetStream resource does not exist"),
        }
    }
}

pub type RequestError = Error<RequestErrorKind>;

impl From<crate::RequestError> for RequestError {
    fn from(error: crate::RequestError) -> Self {
        match error.kind() {
            crate::RequestErrorKind::TimedOut => {
                RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::TimedOut, error)
            }
            crate::RequestErrorKind::NoResponders => {
                RequestError::new(RequestErrorKind::NoResponders)
            }
            crate::RequestErrorKind::Other => {
                RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, error)
            }
        }
    }
}

impl From<super::errors::Error> for RequestError {
    fn from(err: super::errors::Error) -> Self {
        RequestError::with_source(RequestErrorKind::Other, err)
    }
}

pub type ConsumerInfoError = Error<ConsumerInfoErrorKind>;

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum ConsumerInfoErrorKind {
    InvalidName,
    Offline,
    NotFound,
    StreamNotFound,
    Request,
    JetStream(super::errors::Error),
    TimedOut,
    NoResponders,
}

impl Display for ConsumerInfoErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::InvalidName => write!(f, "invalid consumer name"),
            Self::Offline => write!(f, "consumer is offline"),
            Self::NotFound => write!(f, "consumer not found"),
            Self::StreamNotFound => write!(f, "stream not found"),
            Self::Request => write!(f, "request error"),
            Self::JetStream(err) => write!(f, "jetstream error: {err}"),
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out"),
            Self::NoResponders => write!(f, "no responders"),
        }
    }
}

impl From<super::errors::Error> for ConsumerInfoError {
    fn from(error: super::errors::Error) -> Self {
        match error.error_code() {
            ErrorCode::CONSUMER_NOT_FOUND => {
                ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::NotFound)
            }
            ErrorCode::STREAM_NOT_FOUND => {
                ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::StreamNotFound)
            }
            ErrorCode::CONSUMER_OFFLINE => ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::Offline),
            _ => ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::JetStream(error)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<RequestError> for ConsumerInfoError {
    fn from(error: RequestError) -> Self {
        match error.kind() {
            RequestErrorKind::TimedOut => ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::TimedOut),
            RequestErrorKind::Other => {
                ConsumerInfoError::with_source(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::Request, error)
            }
            RequestErrorKind::NoResponders => {
                ConsumerInfoError::new(ConsumerInfoErrorKind::NoResponders)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum CreateStreamErrorKind {
    EmptyStreamName,
    InvalidStreamName,
    DomainAndExternalSet,
    JetStreamUnavailable,
    JetStream(super::errors::Error),
    TimedOut,
    Response,
    NotFound,
    ResponseParse,
}

impl Display for CreateStreamErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::EmptyStreamName => write!(f, "stream name cannot be empty"),
            Self::InvalidStreamName => write!(f, "stream name cannot contain `.`, `_`"),
            Self::DomainAndExternalSet => write!(f, "domain and external are both set"),
            Self::NotFound => write!(f, "stream not found"),
            Self::JetStream(err) => write!(f, "jetstream error: {err}"),
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "jetstream request timed out"),
            Self::JetStreamUnavailable => write!(f, "jetstream unavailable"),
            Self::ResponseParse => write!(f, "failed to parse server response"),
            Self::Response => write!(f, "response error"),
        }
    }
}

pub type CreateStreamError = Error<CreateStreamErrorKind>;

impl From<super::errors::Error> for CreateStreamError {
    fn from(error: super::errors::Error) -> Self {
        match error.kind() {
            super::errors::ErrorCode::STREAM_NOT_FOUND => {
                CreateStreamError::new(CreateStreamErrorKind::NotFound)
            }
            _ => CreateStreamError::new(CreateStreamErrorKind::JetStream(error)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<RequestError> for CreateStreamError {
    fn from(error: RequestError) -> Self {
        match error.kind() {
            RequestErrorKind::NoResponders => {
                CreateStreamError::new(CreateStreamErrorKind::JetStreamUnavailable)
            }
            RequestErrorKind::TimedOut => CreateStreamError::new(CreateStreamErrorKind::TimedOut),
            RequestErrorKind::Other => {
                CreateStreamError::with_source(CreateStreamErrorKind::Response, error)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum GetStreamErrorKind {
    EmptyName,
    Request,
    InvalidStreamName,
    JetStream(super::errors::Error),
}

impl Display for GetStreamErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::EmptyName => write!(f, "empty name cannot be empty"),
            Self::Request => write!(f, "request error"),
            Self::InvalidStreamName => write!(f, "invalid stream name"),
            Self::JetStream(err) => write!(f, "jetstream error: {err}"),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum GetStreamByNameErrorKind {
    Request,
    NotFound,
    InvalidSubject,
    JetStream(super::errors::Error),
}

impl Display for GetStreamByNameErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::Request => write!(f, "request error"),
            Self::NotFound => write!(f, "stream not found"),
            Self::InvalidSubject => write!(f, "invalid subject"),
            Self::JetStream(err) => write!(f, "jetstream error: {err}"),
        }
    }
}

pub type GetStreamError = Error<GetStreamErrorKind>;
pub type GetStreamByNameError = Error<GetStreamByNameErrorKind>;

pub type UpdateStreamError = CreateStreamError;
pub type UpdateStreamErrorKind = CreateStreamErrorKind;
pub type DeleteStreamError = GetStreamError;
pub type DeleteStreamErrorKind = GetStreamErrorKind;

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum KeyValueErrorKind {
    InvalidStoreName,
    GetBucket,
    JetStream,
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
impl Display for KeyValueErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::InvalidStoreName => write!(f, "invalid Key Value Store name"),
            Self::GetBucket => write!(f, "failed to get the bucket"),
            Self::JetStream => write!(f, "JetStream error"),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
pub type KeyValueError = Error<KeyValueErrorKind>;

#[cfg(any(feature = "kv", feature = "object-store"))]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum CreateKeyValueErrorKind {
    InvalidStoreName,
    TooLongHistory,
    JetStream,
    BucketCreate,
    TimedOut,
    LimitMarkersNotSupported,
}

#[cfg(any(feature = "kv", feature = "object-store"))]
impl Display for CreateKeyValueErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::InvalidStoreName => write!(f, "invalid Key Value Store name"),
            Self::TooLongHistory => write!(f, "too long history"),
            Self::JetStream => write!(f, "JetStream error"),
            Self::BucketCreate => write!(f, "bucket creation failed"),
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out"),
            Self::LimitMarkersNotSupported => {
                write!(f, "limit markers not supported")
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum UpdateKeyValueErrorKind {
    InvalidStoreName,
    TooLongHistory,
    JetStream,
    BucketUpdate,
    TimedOut,
    LimitMarkersNotSupported,
    NotFound,
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
impl Display for UpdateKeyValueErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::InvalidStoreName => write!(f, "invalid Key Value Store name"),
            Self::TooLongHistory => write!(f, "too long history"),
            Self::JetStream => write!(f, "JetStream error"),
            Self::BucketUpdate => write!(f, "bucket creation failed"),
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out"),
            Self::LimitMarkersNotSupported => {
                write!(f, "limit markers not supported")
            }
            Self::NotFound => write!(f, "bucket does not exist"),
        }
    }
}
#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
pub type CreateKeyValueError = Error<CreateKeyValueErrorKind>;
#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
pub type UpdateKeyValueError = Error<UpdateKeyValueErrorKind>;

#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
pub type CreateObjectStoreError = Error<CreateKeyValueErrorKind>;
#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
pub type CreateObjectStoreErrorKind = CreateKeyValueErrorKind;

#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum ObjectStoreErrorKind {
    InvalidBucketName,
    GetStore,
}

#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
impl Display for ObjectStoreErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::InvalidBucketName => write!(f, "invalid Object Store bucket name"),
            Self::GetStore => write!(f, "failed to get Object Store"),
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
pub type ObjectStoreError = Error<ObjectStoreErrorKind>;

#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
pub type DeleteObjectStore = ObjectStoreError;
#[cfg(feature = "object-store")]
pub type DeleteObjectStoreKind = ObjectStoreErrorKind;

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum AccountErrorKind {
    TimedOut,
    JetStream(super::errors::Error),
    JetStreamUnavailable,
    Other,
}

impl Display for AccountErrorKind {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::TimedOut => write!(f, "timed out"),
            Self::JetStream(err) => write!(f, "JetStream error: {err}"),
            Self::Other => write!(f, "error"),
            Self::JetStreamUnavailable => write!(f, "JetStream unavailable"),
        }
    }
}

pub type AccountError = Error<AccountErrorKind>;

impl From<RequestError> for AccountError {
    fn from(err: RequestError) -> Self {
        match err.kind {
            RequestErrorKind::NoResponders => {
                AccountError::with_source(AccountErrorKind::JetStreamUnavailable, err)
            }
            RequestErrorKind::TimedOut => AccountError::new(AccountErrorKind::TimedOut),
            RequestErrorKind::Other => AccountError::with_source(AccountErrorKind::Other, err),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
enum ConsumerAction {
    #[serde(rename = "")]
    CreateOrUpdate,
    #[serde(rename = "create")]
    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
    Create,
    #[serde(rename = "update")]
    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
    Update,
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
// Maps a Stream config to KV Store.
fn map_to_kv(stream: super::stream::Stream, prefix: String, bucket: String) -> Store {
    let mut store = Store {
        prefix: format!("$KV.{}.", bucket.as_str()),
        name: bucket,
        stream: stream.clone(),
        stream_name: stream.info.config.name.clone(),
        put_prefix: None,
        use_jetstream_prefix: prefix != "$JS.API",
    };
    if let Some(ref mirror) = stream.info.config.mirror {
        let bucket = mirror.name.trim_start_matches("KV_");
        if let Some(ref external) = mirror.external {
            if !external.api_prefix.is_empty() {
                store.use_jetstream_prefix = false;
                store.prefix = format!("$KV.{bucket}.");
                store.put_prefix = Some(format!("{}.$KV.{}.", external.api_prefix, bucket));
            } else {
                store.put_prefix = Some(format!("$KV.{bucket}."));
            }
        }
    };
    store
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
enum KvToStreamConfigError {
    TooLongHistory,
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    LimitMarkersNotSupported,
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
impl From<KvToStreamConfigError> for CreateKeyValueError {
    fn from(err: KvToStreamConfigError) -> Self {
        match err {
            KvToStreamConfigError::TooLongHistory => {
                CreateKeyValueError::new(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::TooLongHistory)
            }
            KvToStreamConfigError::LimitMarkersNotSupported => {
                CreateKeyValueError::new(CreateKeyValueErrorKind::LimitMarkersNotSupported)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
impl From<KvToStreamConfigError> for UpdateKeyValueError {
    fn from(err: KvToStreamConfigError) -> Self {
        match err {
            KvToStreamConfigError::TooLongHistory => {
                UpdateKeyValueError::new(UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::TooLongHistory)
            }
            KvToStreamConfigError::LimitMarkersNotSupported => {
                UpdateKeyValueError::new(UpdateKeyValueErrorKind::LimitMarkersNotSupported)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "kv")]
// Maps the KV config to Stream config.
fn kv_to_stream_config(
    config: crate::jetstream::kv::Config,
    _account: Account,
) -> Result<super::stream::Config, KvToStreamConfigError> {
    let history = if config.history > 0 {
        if config.history > MAX_HISTORY {
            return Err(KvToStreamConfigError::TooLongHistory);
        }
        config.history
    } else {
        1
    };

    let num_replicas = if config.num_replicas == 0 {
        1
    } else {
        config.num_replicas
    };

    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_11")]
    let (mut allow_message_ttl, mut subject_delete_marker_ttl) = (false, None);

    #[cfg(feature = "server_2_11")]
    if let Some(duration) = config.limit_markers {
        if _account.requests.level < 1 {
            return Err(KvToStreamConfigError::LimitMarkersNotSupported);
        }
        allow_message_ttl = true;
        subject_delete_marker_ttl = Some(duration);
    }

    let mut mirror = config.mirror.clone();
    let mut sources = config.sources.clone();
    let mut mirror_direct = config.mirror_direct;

    let mut subjects = Vec::new();
    if let Some(ref mut mirror) = mirror {
        if !mirror.name.starts_with("KV_") {
            mirror.name = format!("KV_{}", mirror.name);
        }
        mirror_direct = true;
    } else if let Some(ref mut sources) = sources {
        for source in sources {
            if !source.name.starts_with("KV_") {
                source.name = format!("KV_{}", source.name);
            }
        }
    } else {
        subjects = vec![format!("$KV.{}.>", config.bucket)];
    }

    Ok(Config {
        name: format!("KV_{}", config.bucket),
        description: Some(config.description),
        subjects,
        max_messages_per_subject: history,
        max_bytes: config.max_bytes,
        max_age: config.max_age,
        max_message_size: config.max_value_size,
        storage: config.storage,
        republish: config.republish,
        allow_rollup: true,
        deny_delete: true,
        deny_purge: false,
        allow_direct: true,
        sources,
        mirror,
        num_replicas,
        discard: DiscardPolicy::New,
        mirror_direct,
        #[cfg(feature = "server_2_10")]
        compression: if config.compression {
            Some(Compression::S2)
        } else {
            None
        },
        placement: config.placement,
        #[cfg(feature = "server_2_11")]
        allow_message_ttl,
        #[cfg(feature = "server_2_11")]
        subject_delete_marker_ttl,
        ..Default::default()
    })
}