astrid 0.8.0

//! `astrid keypair` — local ed25519 identity-key management.
//!
//! Generates, lists, and inspects ed25519 keypairs that operators bind
//! to a principal via `astrid invite redeem`. Multi-key from day one —
//! every key is name-addressed under
//! `$ASTRID_HOME/keys/local/<name>.{ed25519, pub.hex, meta.toml}` so
//! the same operator can hold separate keys per machine / per
//! deployment without manual file management.
//!
//! ## Trust shape
//!
//! Identity keys here are **operator-local**: file-system perms
//! (0700 on the parent directory, 0600 on the private file) gate
//! access to whichever OS account owns `$ASTRID_HOME`. Layered
//! passphrase encryption is intentionally NOT applied — the rest of
//! Astrid (the daemon's `runtime.ed25519`, `system.token`, capsule
//! secrets) follows the same posture, and asking for a passphrase
//! every time would break the "OS-user owns everything" model.
//!
//! `zeroize` clears secret bytes from memory the moment the
//! [`ed25519_dalek::SigningKey`] is dropped — guards against post-use
//! page reuse and core-dump leakage.
//!
//! ## Forward-compatibility
//!
//! `AuthMethod::HardwareKey` (TPM / Yubikey / Secure Enclave) is a
//! design-time slot for later — when it lands, the file format here
//! stays the same; only the `meta.toml` `backend` field changes from
//! `"file"` to `"hardware"` and the private bytes get replaced by an
//! opaque handle.

use std::fs;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::process::ExitCode;
use std::time::SystemTime;

use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};
use astrid_core::PrincipalId;
use astrid_core::dirs::AstridHome;
use clap::{Args, Subcommand};
use colored::Colorize;
use ed25519_dalek::SigningKey;
use rand::RngCore;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};

use crate::theme::Theme;

/// Maximum length for a keypair `name`. Generous but bounded so a
/// malformed argument can't produce a giant filename.
const MAX_NAME_LEN: usize = 64;

#[derive(Subcommand, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) enum KeypairCommand {
    /// Generate a new ed25519 keypair, write it to disk, and print
    /// the hex-encoded public key (ready to feed into
    /// `astrid invite redeem --public-key`).
    Generate(GenerateArgs),
    /// List local keypairs.
    List(ListArgs),
    /// Show details for a single keypair.
    Show(ShowArgs),
    /// Print just the public key (`hex` by default; `openssh` for
    /// `ssh-ed25519 AAAA...` format).
    Pubkey(PubkeyArgs),
    /// Delete a local keypair (private + public + metadata).
    Delete(DeleteArgs),
}

#[derive(Args, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct GenerateArgs {
    /// Short identifier for the key (a-z, 0-9, -). Defaults to a
    /// random `key-<8-hex>` slug.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub name: Option<String>,
    /// Operator-supplied note attached to the metadata sidecar.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub note: Option<String>,
    /// Overwrite an existing keypair with the same name.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub force: bool,
    /// Print only the public-key hex on stdout (no decoration).
    /// Suitable for piping into other commands.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub raw: bool,
}

#[derive(Args, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct ListArgs {
    /// Emit JSON instead of a table.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub json: bool,
}

#[derive(Args, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct ShowArgs {
    /// Keypair name.
    pub name: String,
}

#[derive(Args, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct PubkeyArgs {
    /// Keypair name.
    pub name: String,
    /// Output format. `hex` matches what `astrid invite redeem
    /// --public-key` expects; `openssh` produces `ssh-ed25519 AAAA…`
    /// for reuse with SSH-style tooling.
    #[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t = PubkeyFormat::Hex)]
    pub format: PubkeyFormat,
}

#[derive(Args, Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct DeleteArgs {
    /// Keypair name.
    pub name: String,
    /// Skip the interactive confirmation prompt.
    #[arg(long)]
    pub yes: bool,
}

#[derive(clap::ValueEnum, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub(crate) enum PubkeyFormat {
    Hex,
    Openssh,
}

// ── Persistence model ─────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Metadata sidecar persisted alongside each keypair. The private
/// file holds raw 32 bytes; this TOML carries the user-visible
/// description plus tracking fields needed for rotation later.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct KeyMeta {
    /// Schema version of the meta file. Bumped on incompatible
    /// changes to this struct so older `astrid` binaries can refuse
    /// keys they don't understand.
    schema_version: u32,
    /// SHA-256 of the public key. Same shape the kernel + audit log
    /// uses, so an operator can copy-paste from `astrid keypair
    /// show` into `astrid invite list` and bind by eye.
    fingerprint: String,
    /// Unix-epoch seconds the keypair was generated.
    created_at_epoch: u64,
    /// Storage backend. `"file"` today; placeholder for future
    /// `"hardware"` (TPM / Yubikey / Secure Enclave) without
    /// requiring a separate config schema then.
    backend: String,
    /// Optional operator note.
    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    note: Option<String>,
    /// Principal id this key was last bound to via
    /// `astrid invite redeem --keypair`. `None` if the key has never
    /// been used to redeem.
    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    bound_principal: Option<String>,
}

const META_SCHEMA_VERSION: u32 = 1;

/// Returns the directory `~/.astrid/keys/local/`, creating it if
/// missing with 0700 perms.
fn local_keys_dir() -> Result<PathBuf> {
    let home = AstridHome::resolve().context("resolve $ASTRID_HOME for keypair store")?;
    let dir = home.keys_dir().join("local");
    fs::create_dir_all(&dir).with_context(|| format!("create keypair dir at {}", dir.display()))?;
    #[cfg(unix)]
    {
        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
        fs::set_permissions(&dir, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o700))?;
    }
    Ok(dir)
}

/// On-disk layout for one keypair `name`.
struct KeyPaths {
    /// Raw 32-byte secret. 0600 perms.
    private: PathBuf,
    /// 64-hex-char public key, newline-terminated. 0644 perms.
    public_hex: PathBuf,
    /// TOML metadata sidecar. 0600 perms.
    meta: PathBuf,
}

impl KeyPaths {
    fn new(name: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        let dir = local_keys_dir()?;
        Ok(Self {
            private: dir.join(format!("{name}.ed25519")),
            public_hex: dir.join(format!("{name}.pub.hex")),
            meta: dir.join(format!("{name}.meta.toml")),
        })
    }

    fn exists_any(&self) -> bool {
        self.private.exists() || self.public_hex.exists() || self.meta.exists()
    }
}

// ── Command dispatch ─────────────────────────────────────────────

pub(crate) fn run(command: KeypairCommand) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    match command {
        KeypairCommand::Generate(args) => run_generate(args),
        KeypairCommand::List(args) => run_list(&args),
        KeypairCommand::Show(args) => run_show(&args),
        KeypairCommand::Pubkey(args) => run_pubkey(&args),
        KeypairCommand::Delete(args) => run_delete(&args),
    }
}

fn run_generate(args: GenerateArgs) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    let name = args.name.unwrap_or_else(default_name);
    validate_name(&name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(&name)?;
    if paths.exists_any() && !args.force {
        bail!(
            "keypair {name:?} already exists at {} — pass --force to overwrite",
            paths.private.display()
        );
    }

    // Generate from the OS CSPRNG. ed25519-dalek's `Zeroizing` drop
    // glue runs when `signing` falls out of scope, clearing the
    // secret bytes from RAM.
    let mut secret_bytes = [0u8; 32];
    rand::rngs::OsRng.fill_bytes(&mut secret_bytes);
    let signing = SigningKey::from_bytes(&secret_bytes);
    secret_bytes = [0u8; 32]; // belt-and-suspenders; the SigningKey owns its own zeroizing copy
    let _ = secret_bytes;

    let verifying = signing.verifying_key();
    let pub_hex = hex::encode(verifying.to_bytes());
    let fingerprint = fingerprint_pubkey(&pub_hex);

    let now = SystemTime::now()
        .duration_since(SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH)
        .map_or(0, |d| d.as_secs());
    let meta = KeyMeta {
        schema_version: META_SCHEMA_VERSION,
        fingerprint: fingerprint.clone(),
        created_at_epoch: now,
        backend: "file".to_string(),
        note: args.note,
        bound_principal: None,
    };

    write_secret(&paths.private, signing.as_bytes())?;
    write_public(&paths.public_hex, &pub_hex)?;
    write_meta(&paths.meta, &meta)?;

    if args.raw {
        println!("{pub_hex}");
    } else {
        println!(
            "{} keypair {} (fingerprint: {})",
            Theme::success("generated"),
            name.bold(),
            fingerprint,
        );
        println!("  public key (hex): {pub_hex}");
        println!("  private path:     {}", paths.private.display());
        println!("  next step:        astrid invite redeem <TOKEN> --keypair {name}");
    }
    Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS)
}

fn run_list(args: &ListArgs) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    let entries = scan_keys()?;
    if args.json {
        let serializable: Vec<_> = entries.iter().map(KeyEntry::to_summary).collect();
        println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&serializable)?);
        return Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS);
    }
    if entries.is_empty() {
        println!("{}", Theme::dimmed("no local keypairs"));
        return Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS);
    }
    println!(
        "{:<24} {:<64} {:<10}  BOUND PRINCIPAL",
        "NAME", "FINGERPRINT", "CREATED",
    );
    for entry in entries {
        let bound = entry.meta.bound_principal.as_deref().unwrap_or("-");
        println!(
            "{:<24} {:<64} {:<10}  {}",
            entry.name, entry.meta.fingerprint, entry.meta.created_at_epoch, bound,
        );
    }
    Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS)
}

fn run_show(args: &ShowArgs) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    validate_name(&args.name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(&args.name)?;
    if !paths.meta.exists() {
        bail!("keypair {:?} not found", args.name);
    }
    let meta = read_meta(&paths.meta)?;
    let pub_hex = read_public(&paths.public_hex).unwrap_or_else(|_| "<missing>".to_string());
    println!("name:            {}", args.name);
    println!("fingerprint:     {}", meta.fingerprint);
    println!("created (epoch): {}", meta.created_at_epoch);
    println!("backend:         {}", meta.backend);
    if let Some(p) = &meta.bound_principal {
        println!("bound principal: {p}");
    }
    if let Some(n) = &meta.note {
        println!("note:            {n}");
    }
    println!("public key (hex): {pub_hex}");
    println!("private path:    {}", paths.private.display());
    Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS)
}

fn run_pubkey(args: &PubkeyArgs) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    validate_name(&args.name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(&args.name)?;
    let pub_hex = read_public(&paths.public_hex)
        .with_context(|| format!("read public key for {:?}", args.name))?;
    match args.format {
        PubkeyFormat::Hex => println!("{pub_hex}"),
        PubkeyFormat::Openssh => {
            let bytes = hex::decode(pub_hex.trim()).context("decode public key hex")?;
            println!("{}", encode_openssh_ed25519(&bytes));
        },
    }
    Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS)
}

fn run_delete(args: &DeleteArgs) -> Result<ExitCode> {
    validate_name(&args.name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(&args.name)?;
    if !paths.exists_any() {
        bail!("keypair {:?} not found", args.name);
    }
    if !args.yes {
        eprintln!(
            "{} will delete keypair {:?}. Re-run with --yes to confirm.",
            Theme::warning("⚠"),
            args.name
        );
        return Ok(ExitCode::from(1));
    }
    // Best-effort remove every component — a partially-corrupt store
    // (missing pub but present priv) should still let the operator
    // recover by deleting whatever exists.
    for p in [&paths.private, &paths.public_hex, &paths.meta] {
        if p.exists() {
            fs::remove_file(p).with_context(|| format!("remove {}", p.display()))?;
        }
    }
    println!("{} keypair {:?}", Theme::success("deleted"), args.name);
    Ok(ExitCode::SUCCESS)
}

// ── Public helpers used by other CLI verbs ───────────────────────

/// Load the hex-encoded public key for `name`. Used by `astrid
/// invite redeem --keypair NAME`.
///
/// # Errors
/// Returns an error if the name is invalid or the public-key file is
/// missing / unreadable.
pub(crate) fn load_public_key_hex(name: &str) -> Result<String> {
    validate_name(name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(name)?;
    read_public(&paths.public_hex).with_context(|| format!("read public key for {name:?}"))
}

/// Record on a keypair's metadata that it has been bound to
/// `principal` via a successful redeem. Best-effort: a failure here
/// doesn't roll back the redeem itself, just warns.
pub(crate) fn record_binding(name: &str, principal: &PrincipalId) -> Result<()> {
    validate_name(name)?;
    let paths = KeyPaths::new(name)?;
    if !paths.meta.exists() {
        return Ok(());
    }
    let mut meta = read_meta(&paths.meta)?;
    meta.bound_principal = Some(principal.to_string());
    write_meta(&paths.meta, &meta)?;
    Ok(())
}

// ── Filesystem helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────

fn write_secret(path: &Path, bytes: &[u8; 32]) -> Result<()> {
    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
        fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
    }
    #[cfg(unix)]
    {
        use std::io::Write;
        use std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt;
        let tmp = path.with_extension(format!("{}.tmp", std::process::id()));
        let mut f = fs::OpenOptions::new()
            .write(true)
            .create(true)
            .truncate(true)
            .mode(0o600)
            .open(&tmp)?;
        f.write_all(bytes)?;
        f.sync_all()?;
        drop(f);
        fs::rename(&tmp, path).inspect_err(|_| {
            let _ = fs::remove_file(&tmp);
        })?;
    }
    #[cfg(not(unix))]
    {
        fs::write(path, bytes)?;
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn write_public(path: &Path, hex: &str) -> Result<()> {
    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
        fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
    }
    let tmp = path.with_extension(format!("{}.tmp", std::process::id()));
    fs::write(&tmp, format!("{hex}\n").as_bytes())
        .with_context(|| format!("write public key to {}", tmp.display()))?;
    #[cfg(unix)]
    {
        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
        fs::set_permissions(&tmp, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o644))?;
    }
    fs::rename(&tmp, path).inspect_err(|_| {
        let _ = fs::remove_file(&tmp);
    })?;
    Ok(())
}

fn write_meta(path: &Path, meta: &KeyMeta) -> Result<()> {
    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
        fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
    }
    let text = toml::to_string_pretty(meta).context("serialise keypair meta")?;
    let tmp = path.with_extension(format!("{}.tmp", std::process::id()));
    fs::write(&tmp, text.as_bytes())?;
    #[cfg(unix)]
    {
        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
        fs::set_permissions(&tmp, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o600))?;
    }
    fs::rename(&tmp, path).inspect_err(|_| {
        let _ = fs::remove_file(&tmp);
    })?;
    Ok(())
}

fn read_public(path: &Path) -> Result<String> {
    let raw = fs::read_to_string(path).with_context(|| format!("read {}", path.display()))?;
    let trimmed = raw.trim().to_string();
    if trimmed.len() != 64 || !trimmed.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit()) {
        bail!("{} is not a 64-char hex public key", path.display());
    }
    Ok(trimmed)
}

fn read_meta(path: &Path) -> Result<KeyMeta> {
    let text = fs::read_to_string(path).with_context(|| format!("read {}", path.display()))?;
    let meta: KeyMeta =
        toml::from_str(&text).with_context(|| format!("parse {}", path.display()))?;
    if meta.schema_version > META_SCHEMA_VERSION {
        bail!(
            "keypair {} was written by a newer astrid (schema {} > {})",
            path.display(),
            meta.schema_version,
            META_SCHEMA_VERSION
        );
    }
    Ok(meta)
}

// ── Listing ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

struct KeyEntry {
    name: String,
    meta: KeyMeta,
}

impl KeyEntry {
    fn to_summary(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
        serde_json::json!({
            "name": self.name,
            "fingerprint": self.meta.fingerprint,
            "created_at_epoch": self.meta.created_at_epoch,
            "backend": self.meta.backend,
            "note": self.meta.note,
            "bound_principal": self.meta.bound_principal,
        })
    }
}

fn scan_keys() -> Result<Vec<KeyEntry>> {
    let Ok(dir) = local_keys_dir() else {
        return Ok(Vec::new());
    };
    let read_dir = match fs::read_dir(&dir) {
        Ok(r) => r,
        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(Vec::new()),
        Err(e) => return Err(e).context("list keypair dir"),
    };
    let mut out = Vec::new();
    for entry in read_dir.flatten() {
        let path = entry.path();
        let Some(name) = path
            .file_name()
            .and_then(|n| n.to_str())
            .and_then(|n| n.strip_suffix(".meta.toml"))
        else {
            continue;
        };
        match read_meta(&path) {
            Ok(meta) => out.push(KeyEntry {
                name: name.to_string(),
                meta,
            }),
            Err(e) => {
                tracing::warn!(name = %name, error = %e, "skipping unreadable keypair meta");
            },
        }
    }
    out.sort_by(|a, b| a.name.cmp(&b.name));
    Ok(out)
}

// ── Misc helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────

fn validate_name(name: &str) -> Result<()> {
    if name.is_empty() {
        bail!("keypair name must not be empty");
    }
    if name.len() > MAX_NAME_LEN {
        bail!(
            "keypair name must be at most {MAX_NAME_LEN} chars (got {})",
            name.len()
        );
    }
    // Lowercase letters, digits, dash. Same posture as principal ids;
    // also avoids path-separator / shell-meta surprises.
    if !name
        .chars()
        .all(|c| c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit() || c == '-')
    {
        bail!("keypair name {name:?} contains invalid chars; only a-z, 0-9, '-' are allowed");
    }
    Ok(())
}

fn default_name() -> String {
    use rand::RngCore;
    let mut bytes = [0u8; 4];
    rand::rngs::OsRng.fill_bytes(&mut bytes);
    format!("key-{}", hex::encode(bytes))
}

fn fingerprint_pubkey(hex_pub: &str) -> String {
    let mut hasher = Sha256::new();
    hasher.update(format!("ed25519:{hex_pub}").as_bytes());
    hex::encode(hasher.finalize())
}

/// Encode a 32-byte ed25519 public key in the `OpenSSH` wire format
/// (`ssh-ed25519 <base64>` — RFC 8709 §4). Lets operators paste the
/// same key into `authorized_keys` if they want to reuse it for SSH.
/// The body is a length-prefixed type tag followed by the key.
fn encode_openssh_ed25519(pubkey: &[u8]) -> String {
    use base64::Engine;
    let mut blob = Vec::with_capacity(4 + 11 + 4 + 32);
    let typ = b"ssh-ed25519";
    blob.extend_from_slice(&u32::try_from(typ.len()).unwrap_or(0).to_be_bytes());
    blob.extend_from_slice(typ);
    blob.extend_from_slice(&u32::try_from(pubkey.len()).unwrap_or(0).to_be_bytes());
    blob.extend_from_slice(pubkey);
    format!(
        "ssh-ed25519 {}",
        base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(&blob)
    )
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn validate_name_accepts_well_formed() {
        validate_name("laptop").unwrap();
        validate_name("a").unwrap();
        validate_name("key-2026-05").unwrap();
        validate_name(&"a".repeat(MAX_NAME_LEN)).unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    fn validate_name_rejects_bad_input() {
        assert!(validate_name("").is_err());
        assert!(validate_name("UPPER").is_err());
        assert!(validate_name("has space").is_err());
        assert!(validate_name("../etc/passwd").is_err());
        assert!(validate_name(&"a".repeat(MAX_NAME_LEN + 1)).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn fingerprint_is_stable_and_distinct() {
        let a = fingerprint_pubkey(&"a".repeat(64));
        let b = fingerprint_pubkey(&"a".repeat(64));
        let c = fingerprint_pubkey(&"b".repeat(64));
        assert_eq!(a, b);
        assert_ne!(a, c);
        assert_eq!(a.len(), 64);
    }

    #[test]
    fn openssh_encoding_round_trips_against_a_known_vector() {
        // ed25519 zero pubkey → "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
        let pubkey = [0u8; 32];
        let encoded = encode_openssh_ed25519(&pubkey);
        assert!(encoded.starts_with("ssh-ed25519 "));
        // Length: SSH-wire = 4 + 11 + 4 + 32 = 51 bytes → base64 = ceil(51/3)*4 = 68 chars
        let body = encoded.trim_start_matches("ssh-ed25519 ");
        assert_eq!(body.len(), 68);
    }
}