amethystate 0.20.1

use crate::store::facts::{Key, Prefix, Refused};
use crate::store::{OnUnreadable, OpenStruct, StorageError};
use amethystate_core::path::StorePath;
use error_stack::Report;
use std::any::{Any, TypeId, type_name};
use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::fmt;
use std::sync::Arc;

/// A rule a declared value has to pass on its way in from the store.
///
/// Written as a bare `fn` in `#[amestate(check = ..)]`, so it captures
/// nothing; what it needs from the application arrives through
/// [`CheckContext`], which [`StoreBuilder::context`](crate::StoreBuilder::context)
/// fills.
///
/// It takes the value by `&mut`, so a rule that knows what the value should
/// have been may put it right and answer `Ok`. What it corrects is held in
/// memory and nowhere else - the store still has what it had, and the next
/// ordinary write is what settles the file. Nothing reports that a repair
/// happened: a value that passes is a value that passes.
pub type Check<TValue> = fn(&mut TValue, &CheckContext) -> Result<(), Invalid>;

/// Values the application handed the store for its declared checks.
///
/// A check runs whenever a value arrives - while the struct is being built,
/// and again for every edit the file watcher brings in - so what it reads has
/// to be usable from whichever thread noticed the change. That is the whole of
/// the `Send + Sync` bound, and the whole of the difference from
/// [`StoreBuilder::provide`](crate::StoreBuilder::provide), which hands a value
/// to a migration step that runs once, inside `build`, on the thread that
/// called it.
///
/// Keyed by [`TypeId`], so one value of each type. Two of the same thing want
/// a type that says which is which, which is also what makes the call site
/// legible.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct CheckContext {
    values: HashMap<TypeId, Held>,
}

struct Held {
    type_name: &'static str,
    value: Arc<dyn Any + Send + Sync>,
}

impl CheckContext {
    pub(crate) fn insert<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&mut self, value: T) {
        self.values.insert(
            TypeId::of::<T>(),
            Held {
                type_name: type_name::<T>(),
                value: Arc::new(value),
            },
        );
    }

    /// Borrows what the application gave for `T`, or `None` if it gave none.
    pub fn get<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&self) -> Option<&T> {
        self.values
            .get(&TypeId::of::<T>())
            .and_then(|held| held.value.downcast_ref::<T>())
    }

    /// Borrows what the application gave for `T`, refusing the value if it
    /// gave none.
    ///
    /// A check that cannot reach its world cannot say the value is good, so
    /// the missing input travels the same way the verdict does, and the
    /// message lists what was on offer.
    pub fn require<T: Any + Send + Sync>(&self) -> Result<&T, Invalid> {
        match self.get::<T>() {
            Some(value) => Ok(value),
            None => Err(Invalid::new(format!(
                "no value provided for {}, so the check could not run; {}. \
                 StoreBuilder::context hands a value to every declared check",
                type_name::<T>(),
                self.on_offer()
            ))),
        }
    }

    fn on_offer(&self) -> String {
        let mut names: Vec<&'static str> =
            self.values.values().map(|held| held.type_name).collect();
        names.sort_unstable();

        if names.is_empty() {
            "nothing was given".to_string()
        } else {
            format!("given: {}", names.join(", "))
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for CheckContext {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("CheckContext")
            .field("types", &self.on_offer())
            .finish()
    }
}

/// A check's verdict against a value, and why.
///
/// The reason is what [`Field::try_get`](crate::Field::try_get) reports and
/// what a refused open carries, so it is written for whoever has to fix the
/// file, and says what about the value was wrong.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Invalid {
    reason: Cow<'static, str>,
    at: &'static [&'static str],
}

impl Invalid {
    pub fn new(reason: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Self {
        Self {
            reason: reason.into(),
            at: &[],
        }
    }

    /// Names the fields a struct's check is about, by their stored names.
    ///
    /// Only those fields report the refusal, so asking a field the invariant
    /// never mentioned still answers what it holds. A verdict that names none
    /// is about all of them.
    pub fn at(mut self, fields: &'static [&'static str]) -> Self {
        self.at = fields;
        self
    }

    pub fn reason(&self) -> &str {
        &self.reason
    }

    /// The fields named by [`Invalid::at`], or `None` for all of them.
    pub fn fields(&self) -> Option<&'static [&'static str]> {
        if self.at.is_empty() {
            None
        } else {
            Some(self.at)
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for Invalid {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.write_str(&self.reason)
    }
}

impl From<&'static str> for Invalid {
    fn from(reason: &'static str) -> Self {
        Self::new(reason)
    }
}

impl From<String> for Invalid {
    fn from(reason: String) -> Self {
        Self::new(reason)
    }
}

/// The report a refused value fails an open with.
pub fn refused(path: &StorePath, invalid: &Invalid) -> Report<StorageError> {
    Report::new(StorageError::Read)
        .attach(Key(path.clone()))
        .attach(Refused(invalid.reason().to_string()))
}

/// The same, for a check declared on a struct, which is about the whole
/// prefix rather than one key.
pub fn refused_under(prefix: &StorePath, invalid: &Invalid) -> Report<StorageError> {
    Report::new(StorageError::Read)
        .attach(Prefix(prefix.clone()))
        .attach(Refused(invalid.reason().to_string()))
}

/// The same, for a struct's own check on the path that loads plain data.
///
/// [`OnUnreadable::Refuse`] fails the load.
/// [`OnUnreadable::UseDefault`] keeps
/// what was stored - a relationship has no declared default to fall back to -
/// and the log is the only place the verdict is said.
pub fn refused_struct_or_kept(
    prefix: &StorePath,
    invalid: Invalid,
    policy: OnUnreadable,
) -> Result<(), OpenStruct> {
    match policy {
        OnUnreadable::Refuse => Err(OpenStruct::Refused {
            at: prefix.clone(),
            said: Arc::from(invalid.reason()),
        }),
        OnUnreadable::UseDefault => {
            tracing::error!(
                target: "amethystate",
                prefix = %prefix,
                reason = %invalid,
                "a declared check refused the loaded struct, so it was loaded as stored"
            );
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}

/// A declared leaf on the path that loads a plain struct: read the way the
/// declaration says it is stored, and answered for the way it says to answer.
///
/// One door for the three decisions a persistent field carries - how the stored
/// form is read, what an undecodable value does, and what a refused check does.
/// Spelling them out per field at the call site is what let the last of them
/// apply while the first was ignored and the second reached nobody.
pub(crate) fn load_declared<TValue>(
    store: &crate::Store,
    at: &StorePath,
    stored_as: crate::store::traits::StoredAs<TValue>,
    check: Option<Check<TValue>>,
    policy: OnUnreadable,
    default: impl FnOnce() -> TValue,
) -> Result<TValue, OpenStruct>
where
    TValue: serde::de::DeserializeOwned + 'static,
{
    let mut held = match crate::store::read_stored(store, at, stored_as) {
        Ok(Some(held)) => held,
        Ok(None) => return Ok(default()),
        Err(why) => {
            return match policy {
                OnUnreadable::Refuse => Err(OpenStruct::WillNotRead {
                    at: at.clone(),
                    why: why.into(),
                }),
                OnUnreadable::UseDefault => {
                    tracing::error!(
                        target: "amethystate",
                        path = %at,
                        "what is stored will not read back as this field's type, so the field \
                         was loaded on its default: {why:?}"
                    );
                    Ok(default())
                }
            };
        }
    };

    let Some(check) = check else {
        return Ok(held);
    };

    match check(&mut held, store.context()) {
        Ok(()) => Ok(held),
        Err(invalid) => refused_or_default(at, invalid, policy, default()),
    }
}

/// The same leaf on the way out: written the way the declaration says it is
/// stored, so a save leaves what [`load_declared`] reads.
pub(crate) fn save_declared<TValue>(
    store: &crate::Store,
    at: &StorePath,
    value: &TValue,
    stored_as: crate::store::traits::StoredAs<TValue>,
) -> Result<(), crate::store::WriteValue>
where
    TValue: serde::Serialize + 'static,
{
    crate::store::write_stored(store, at, value, stored_as)
        .map_err(|why| crate::store::WriteValue::from_store(at, why))
}

/// What a refused value does on the path that loads a plain struct, where
/// there is no field to hold the complaint.
///
/// [`OnUnreadable::Refuse`] fails the load.
/// [`OnUnreadable::UseDefault`] takes
/// the declared default, and the log is the only place it is said - a loaded
/// struct is plain data with no `try_get` to ask.
pub fn refused_or_default<TValue>(
    path: &StorePath,
    invalid: Invalid,
    policy: OnUnreadable,
    default: TValue,
) -> Result<TValue, OpenStruct> {
    match policy {
        OnUnreadable::Refuse => Err(OpenStruct::Refused {
            at: path.clone(),
            said: Arc::from(invalid.reason()),
        }),
        OnUnreadable::UseDefault => {
            tracing::error!(
                target: "amethystate",
                path = %path,
                reason = %invalid,
                "a declared check refused the stored value, so the field was loaded on its default"
            );
            Ok(default)
        }
    }
}