alpha2-render 0.5.0

Render graph and effect registry for alpha2.
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
use std::collections::HashSet;
use web_time::Instant;

use crate::composite::CompositeTarget;
use crate::graph::{GraphError, RenderCacheKey, RenderGraph, RenderNode, RenderNodeId};
use crate::graph_cache::{renderer_cache_key, renderer_node_key};
use crate::runtime_effect::{EffectPass, PendingEffectTiming};
use crate::uniform::{
    BATCH_UNIFORM_FLOATS, RUNTIME_UNIFORM_WORDS, UniformArenaLease, aligned_uniform_end,
    float_uniform_bytes, param_uniform_bytes,
};
use crate::{
    CompositeLayer, EffectId, EffectKind, RenderedTexture, Renderer, ShaderDiagnostics,
    WarmupReport,
};

pub(crate) struct EncodedGraph {
    texture: RenderedTexture,
    /// Results to keep after the submission is accepted; keeping them earlier could leave
    /// unwritten textures after a failure.
    cache_inserts: Vec<(RenderCacheKey, RenderedTexture, bool)>,
    uniforms: UniformArenaLease,
    pending_timings: Vec<PendingEffectTiming>,
    encoded_nodes: u64,
    encoded_render_passes: u64,
}

impl EncodedGraph {
    pub(crate) fn texture(&self) -> &RenderedTexture {
        &self.texture
    }

    pub(crate) fn flush_uniforms(&self, queue: &wgpu::Queue) {
        self.uniforms.flush(queue);
    }
}

impl Renderer {
    /// A deterministic key for the graph and the settings that affect its pixels (blend space,
    /// applied quality controls, intermediate format). Adapters that store pictures alike give
    /// equal keys.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Returns [`GraphError::MissingOutput`] when no output was selected.
    pub fn graph_cache_key(&self, graph: &RenderGraph<'_>) -> Result<RenderCacheKey, GraphError> {
        let quality = self.quality_controls();
        let plan = graph.compile_with_quality(quality)?;
        Ok(renderer_cache_key(
            plan.cache_key,
            graph.blend_space.unwrap_or(self.blend_space).shader_value(),
            quality,
            self.intermediate_format(),
        ))
    }

    /// Initializes all pipelines referenced by one graph.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Returns graph validation errors or diagnostics for an unknown effect.
    pub fn warmup_graph(&self, graph: &RenderGraph<'_>) -> Result<WarmupReport, ShaderDiagnostics> {
        self.warmup_graphs(&[graph])
    }

    /// Initializes the deduplicated pipeline set referenced by project graphs.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Returns diagnostics for a malformed graph or an unknown effect.
    pub fn warmup_graphs(
        &self,
        graphs: &[&RenderGraph<'_>],
    ) -> Result<WarmupReport, ShaderDiagnostics> {
        let mut effects = Vec::<EffectId>::new();
        let mut seen = HashSet::<EffectId>::new();
        let mut needs_composite = false;
        let mut composite_layers = Vec::<usize>::new();
        let mut vector_spaces = Vec::<crate::BlendSpace>::new();
        for graph in graphs {
            let plan = graph
                .compile()
                .map_err(|error| ShaderDiagnostics::error(error.to_string()))?;
            for node in plan.order {
                match &graph.nodes[node.index] {
                    RenderNode::Effect { effect, .. }
                    | RenderNode::Transition { effect, .. }
                    | RenderNode::Generator { effect, .. } => {
                        if seen.insert(effect.clone()) {
                            effects.push(effect.clone());
                        }
                    }
                    RenderNode::Composite { layers, .. } => {
                        needs_composite = true;
                        composite_layers.push(layers.len());
                    }
                    RenderNode::Vector { .. } => {
                        let space = graph.blend_space.unwrap_or(self.blend_space);
                        if !vector_spaces.contains(&space) {
                            vector_spaces.push(space);
                        }
                    }
                    RenderNode::Source(_) => {}
                }
            }
        }
        self.warmup(&effects)?;
        for layers in composite_layers {
            self.warm_composite(layers);
        }
        for space in &vector_spaces {
            self.warm_vector(*space);
        }
        Ok(WarmupReport {
            runtime_effects: effects.len(),
            builtins: usize::from(needs_composite) + usize::from(!vector_spaces.is_empty()),
        })
    }

    /// Executes the reachable portion of a graph and returns its owned output.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Returns a structural error or the first rendering failure.
    #[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
    pub fn execute_graph(&self, graph: &RenderGraph<'_>) -> Result<RenderedTexture, GraphError> {
        let mut command_encoder = self.command_encoder("alpha2 render graph encoder");
        let graph_work = self.encode_graph(graph, &mut command_encoder)?;
        graph_work.flush_uniforms(self.gpu.queue());
        self.submit([command_encoder.finish()])
            .map_err(GraphError::Render)?;
        Ok(self.complete_graph_work(graph_work, true))
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
    pub(crate) fn encode_graph(
        &self,
        graph: &RenderGraph<'_>,
        encoder: &mut crate::renderer::RenderEncoder,
    ) -> Result<EncodedGraph, GraphError> {
        self.validate_size(graph.size)?;
        let plan = graph.compile()?;
        if matches!(graph.nodes[plan.output.index], RenderNode::Source(_)) {
            return Err(GraphError::SourceOutput);
        }
        let format = self.intermediate_format();
        let uniform_alignment = u64::from(self.limits.min_uniform_buffer_offset_alignment.max(1));
        let uniform_capacity = graph_uniform_capacity(self, graph, &plan.order, uniform_alignment);
        let mut uniforms = self
            .uniform_buffers
            .acquire(self.gpu.device(), uniform_capacity);
        let mut outputs: Vec<Option<RenderedTexture>> =
            (0..graph.nodes.len()).map(|_| None).collect();
        let blend_space = graph.blend_space.unwrap_or(self.blend_space).shader_value();
        let cached = self.cached_results(graph, &plan.order, plan.output, blend_space);
        let pixels = u64::from(graph.size.width) * u64::from(graph.size.height);
        let predicted = plan
            .order
            .iter()
            .filter(|node| cached.hits[node.index].is_none() && cached.needed[node.index])
            .fold(crate::FrameCost::default(), |mut total, node| {
                if let Some(cost) = self.node_cost(&graph.nodes[node.index]) {
                    total.add(cost, pixels);
                }
                total
            });
        self.plan_submissions(encoder, predicted);
        let mut pending_timings = Vec::<PendingEffectTiming>::new();
        let mut encoded_nodes = 0_u64;
        let mut encoded_render_passes = 0_u64;
        let mut cache_inserts = Vec::new();
        let timing = self.pass_timing_epoch();
        for (position, node_id) in plan.order.iter().copied().enumerate() {
            let started = timing.map(|epoch| (epoch, Instant::now()));
            if let Some(hit) = cached.hits[node_id.index].clone() {
                outputs[node_id.index] = Some(hit);
                release_inputs(graph, &plan.last_use, &mut outputs, node_id, position);
                continue;
            }
            if !cached.needed[node_id.index] {
                // A cache hit still releases its inputs where drawing would have.
                release_inputs(graph, &plan.last_use, &mut outputs, node_id, position);
                continue;
            }
            // Recorded for the report of a loss this submission causes.
            if let RenderNode::Effect { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Transition { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Generator { effect, .. } = &graph.nodes[node_id.index]
            {
                self.submission_clock.note_effect(effect);
            }
            let output = match &graph.nodes[node_id.index] {
                RenderNode::Source(_) => None,
                RenderNode::Effect {
                    effect,
                    source,
                    inputs,
                    params,
                    resources,
                    runtime,
                } => {
                    if self
                        .effect_definition(effect)
                        .is_some_and(|definition| definition.kind != EffectKind::Effect)
                    {
                        return Err(GraphError::EffectKindMismatch);
                    }
                    let source_view = graph_view(graph, &outputs, *source)?;
                    let input_views: Vec<(&str, &wgpu::TextureView)> = inputs
                        .iter()
                        .map(|(name, node)| Ok((name, graph_view(graph, &outputs, node)?)))
                        .collect::<Result<_, GraphError>>()?;
                    let target = self.textures.acquire(
                        self.gpu.device(),
                        graph.size,
                        format,
                        "alpha2 graph effect target",
                    );
                    if let Some(pending) = self.encode_effect_pass(
                        encoder,
                        EffectPass {
                            id: effect,
                            kind: crate::RenderNodeKind::Effect,
                            source_a: source_view,
                            source_b: None,
                            inputs: &input_views,
                            size: graph.size,
                            params,
                            resources,
                            runtime: *runtime,
                            output: target.view(),
                        },
                        &mut uniforms,
                    )? {
                        pending_timings.push(pending);
                    }
                    encoded_render_passes = encoded_render_passes.saturating_add(1);
                    Some(RenderedTexture::pooled(graph.size, format, target))
                }
                RenderNode::Transition {
                    effect,
                    from,
                    to,
                    params,
                    resources,
                    runtime,
                } => {
                    if self
                        .effect_definition(effect)
                        .is_some_and(|definition| definition.kind != EffectKind::Transition)
                    {
                        return Err(GraphError::EffectKindMismatch);
                    }
                    let from_view = graph_view(graph, &outputs, *from)?;
                    let to_view = graph_view(graph, &outputs, *to)?;
                    let target = self.textures.acquire(
                        self.gpu.device(),
                        graph.size,
                        format,
                        "alpha2 graph transition target",
                    );
                    if let Some(pending) = self.encode_effect_pass(
                        encoder,
                        EffectPass {
                            id: effect,
                            kind: crate::RenderNodeKind::Transition,
                            source_a: from_view,
                            source_b: Some(to_view),
                            inputs: &[],
                            size: graph.size,
                            params,
                            resources,
                            runtime: *runtime,
                            output: target.view(),
                        },
                        &mut uniforms,
                    )? {
                        pending_timings.push(pending);
                    }
                    encoded_render_passes = encoded_render_passes.saturating_add(1);
                    Some(RenderedTexture::pooled(graph.size, format, target))
                }
                RenderNode::Generator {
                    effect,
                    params,
                    resources,
                    runtime,
                } => {
                    if self
                        .effect_definition(effect)
                        .is_some_and(|definition| definition.kind != EffectKind::Generator)
                    {
                        return Err(GraphError::EffectKindMismatch);
                    }
                    let target = self.textures.acquire(
                        self.gpu.device(),
                        graph.size,
                        format,
                        "alpha2 graph generator target",
                    );
                    // A generator samples nothing, but its bindings still need a texture.
                    if let Some(pending) = self.encode_effect_pass(
                        encoder,
                        EffectPass {
                            id: effect,
                            kind: crate::RenderNodeKind::Generator,
                            source_a: &self.empty_input,
                            source_b: None,
                            inputs: &[],
                            size: graph.size,
                            params,
                            resources,
                            runtime: *runtime,
                            output: target.view(),
                        },
                        &mut uniforms,
                    )? {
                        pending_timings.push(pending);
                    }
                    encoded_render_passes = encoded_render_passes.saturating_add(1);
                    Some(RenderedTexture::pooled(graph.size, format, target))
                }
                RenderNode::Vector { scene } => {
                    encoder.place_pass(crate::submission_planner::VECTOR_COST, pixels, false);
                    let target = self.textures.acquire(
                        self.gpu.device(),
                        graph.size,
                        format,
                        "alpha2 graph vector target",
                    );
                    encoded_render_passes =
                        encoded_render_passes.saturating_add(self.encode_vector(
                            encoder,
                            scene,
                            graph.size,
                            graph.blend_space.unwrap_or(self.blend_space),
                            target.view(),
                            &mut uniforms,
                        )?);
                    Some(RenderedTexture::pooled(graph.size, format, target))
                }
                RenderNode::Composite { layers, background } => {
                    encoder.place_pass(
                        crate::submission_planner::COMPOSITE_LAYER_COST
                            .times(u64::try_from(layers.len()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX)),
                        pixels,
                        false,
                    );
                    let views = layers
                        .iter()
                        .map(|layer| graph_view(graph, &outputs, layer.source))
                        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
                    let composite_layers = layers
                        .iter()
                        .zip(&views)
                        .map(|(layer, view)| CompositeLayer {
                            texture: view,
                            visual: layer.visual,
                            blend_mode: layer.blend_mode,
                        })
                        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
                    let target = self.textures.acquire(
                        self.gpu.device(),
                        graph.size,
                        format,
                        "alpha2 graph composite target",
                    );
                    encoded_render_passes =
                        encoded_render_passes.saturating_add(self.encode_layers_pass(
                            encoder,
                            graph.size,
                            &composite_layers,
                            CompositeTarget {
                                background: *background,
                                blend_space: graph.blend_space.unwrap_or(self.blend_space),
                                output: target.texture(),
                                output_view: target.view(),
                            },
                            &mut uniforms,
                        )?);
                    Some(RenderedTexture::pooled(graph.size, format, target))
                }
            };
            if let Some((epoch, started)) = started
                && !matches!(graph.nodes[node_id.index], RenderNode::Source(_))
            {
                let label = graph.nodes[node_id.index].kind().pass_label();
                crate::diagnostics::record_pass(
                    &self.diagnostics,
                    epoch,
                    label,
                    started.elapsed(),
                    crate::TimingSource::CpuEncoding,
                );
            }
            if let (Some(output), Some((key, pinned))) = (&output, cached.store[node_id.index]) {
                cache_inserts.push((key, output.clone(), pinned));
            }
            outputs[node_id.index] = output;
            if !matches!(graph.nodes[node_id.index], RenderNode::Source(_)) {
                encoded_nodes = encoded_nodes.saturating_add(1);
            }
            release_inputs(graph, &plan.last_use, &mut outputs, node_id, position);
        }

        let texture = outputs[plan.output.index]
            .take()
            .ok_or(GraphError::SourceOutput)?;
        Ok(EncodedGraph {
            texture,
            cache_inserts,
            uniforms,
            pending_timings,
            encoded_nodes,
            encoded_render_passes,
        })
    }

    /// Predicted per-pixel cost of drawing `node`; `None` for sources.
    fn node_cost(&self, node: &RenderNode<'_>) -> Option<crate::effect_cost::EffectCost> {
        match node {
            RenderNode::Effect { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Transition { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Generator { effect, .. } => {
                self.effects.get(effect).map(|registered| registered.cost)
            }
            RenderNode::Composite { layers, .. } => Some(
                crate::submission_planner::COMPOSITE_LAYER_COST
                    .times(u64::try_from(layers.len()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX)),
            ),
            RenderNode::Vector { .. } => Some(crate::submission_planner::VECTOR_COST),
            RenderNode::Source(_) => None,
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn complete_graph_work(
        &self,
        encoded: EncodedGraph,
        standalone_submission: bool,
    ) -> RenderedTexture {
        let EncodedGraph {
            texture,
            cache_inserts,
            uniforms,
            pending_timings,
            encoded_nodes,
            encoded_render_passes,
        } = encoded;
        uniforms.recycle();
        if !cache_inserts.is_empty() {
            let mut cache = self.lock_result_cache();
            for (key, result, pinned) in &cache_inserts {
                cache.insert(*key, result, *pinned);
            }
        }
        crate::diagnostics::record_graph_work(
            &self.diagnostics,
            encoded_nodes,
            encoded_render_passes,
            standalone_submission,
        );
        for timing in pending_timings {
            timing.map_after_submit();
        }
        texture
    }
}

fn graph_uniform_capacity(
    renderer: &Renderer,
    graph: &RenderGraph<'_>,
    order: &[RenderNodeId],
    alignment: u64,
) -> u64 {
    let mut capacity = 0_u64;
    for node in order {
        match &graph.nodes[node.index] {
            RenderNode::Effect { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Transition { effect, .. }
            | RenderNode::Generator { effect, .. } => {
                let parameter_bytes = renderer
                    .effects
                    .get(effect)
                    .map_or(0, |registered| registered.definition.params.len());
                let parameter_bytes =
                    u64::try_from(param_uniform_bytes(parameter_bytes)).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
                capacity = aligned_uniform_end(capacity, parameter_bytes, alignment);
                capacity = aligned_uniform_end(
                    capacity,
                    float_uniform_bytes(RUNTIME_UNIFORM_WORDS),
                    alignment,
                );
            }
            RenderNode::Composite { layers, .. } => {
                let passes = renderer
                    .composite_batch_count(layers.iter().map(|layer| layer.visual), graph.size);
                for _ in 0..passes {
                    capacity = aligned_uniform_end(
                        capacity,
                        float_uniform_bytes(BATCH_UNIFORM_FLOATS),
                        alignment,
                    );
                }
            }
            RenderNode::Vector { scene } => {
                let slices = scene
                    .ops
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|op| !matches!(op, alpha2_geometry::VectorOp::PushLayer { .. }))
                    .count()
                    + 1;
                for _ in 0..slices {
                    capacity = aligned_uniform_end(
                        capacity,
                        crate::vector::VECTOR_UNIFORM_BYTES,
                        alignment,
                    );
                }
            }
            RenderNode::Source(_) => {}
        }
    }
    capacity
}

/// The texture a dependency is drawn from; `None` for a CPU source.
fn graph_view<'a>(
    graph: &'a RenderGraph<'_>,
    outputs: &'a [Option<RenderedTexture>],
    node: RenderNodeId,
) -> Result<&'a wgpu::TextureView, GraphError> {
    match &graph.nodes[node.index] {
        RenderNode::Source(view) => view
            .wgpu_view()
            .ok_or(GraphError::Render(crate::RenderError::InvalidSource)),
        _ => Ok(outputs[node.index]
            .as_ref()
            .expect("compiled dependency has an output")
            .view()),
    }
}

/// Returns to the pool the results `node` was the last to read.
fn release_inputs(
    graph: &RenderGraph<'_>,
    last_use: &[Option<usize>],
    outputs: &mut [Option<RenderedTexture>],
    node: RenderNodeId,
    position: usize,
) {
    for dependency in graph.nodes[node.index].dependencies() {
        if last_use[dependency.index] == Some(position) {
            outputs[dependency.index] = None;
        }
    }
}

/// Cache hits, results to keep, and nodes still to draw for one graph.
struct CachedResults {
    hits: Vec<Option<RenderedTexture>>,
    store: Vec<Option<(RenderCacheKey, bool)>>,
    needed: Vec<bool>,
}

impl Renderer {
    /// Looks up cache candidates and marks which nodes hits make unnecessary. With the cache off or
    /// no candidates, everything is drawn and nothing kept.
    fn cached_results(
        &self,
        graph: &RenderGraph<'_>,
        order: &[RenderNodeId],
        output: RenderNodeId,
        blend_space: f32,
    ) -> CachedResults {
        let count = graph.nodes.len();
        let mut cached = CachedResults {
            hits: vec![None; count],
            store: vec![None; count],
            needed: vec![true; count],
        };
        if graph.intents.iter().all(Option::is_none) {
            return cached;
        }
        let mut cache = self.lock_result_cache();
        if !cache.enabled() {
            return cached;
        }
        let eligibility = graph.eligibility();
        let (mut hits, mut misses, mut ineligible) = (0, 0, 0);
        // From the output down: look a node up only if still needed; a hit's inputs are then needed
        // only by others.
        cached.needed = vec![false; count];
        cached.needed[output.index] = true;
        for node in order.iter().rev() {
            if !cached.needed[node.index] {
                continue;
            }
            if let Some(intent) = graph.intents[node.index] {
                if eligibility[node.index] == crate::CacheEligibility::Eligible {
                    let key = renderer_node_key(graph.cache_keys[node.index], blend_space);
                    let pinned = intent == crate::CacheIntent::Pin;
                    if let Some(texture) = cache.get(key, pinned) {
                        cached.hits[node.index] = Some(texture);
                        hits += 1;
                        continue;
                    }
                    cached.store[node.index] = Some((key, pinned));
                    misses += 1;
                } else if intent != crate::CacheIntent::Bypass {
                    ineligible += 1;
                }
            }
            for input in graph.nodes[node.index].dependencies() {
                cached.needed[input.index] = true;
            }
        }
        let skipped = order
            .iter()
            .filter(|node| {
                !cached.needed[node.index]
                    && cached.hits[node.index].is_none()
                    && !matches!(graph.nodes[node.index], RenderNode::Source(_))
            })
            .count() as u64;
        cache.record(hits, misses, ineligible, skipped);
        cached
    }
}