allocator_api 0.6.0

This is a copy of the unstable allocator_api (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/32838) and of parts of the unstable alloc feature. Usable with stable rust, but requires 1.33.
Documentation
//! Memory allocation APIs

use crate::alloc::Layout;

use core::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
use core::{mem, ptr};

static HOOK: AtomicPtr<()> = AtomicPtr::new(ptr::null_mut());

/// Registers a custom allocation error hook, replacing any that was previously registered.
///
/// The allocation error hook is invoked when an infallible memory allocation fails, before
/// the runtime aborts. The default hook prints a message to standard error,
/// but this behavior can be customized with the [`set_alloc_error_hook`] and
/// [`take_alloc_error_hook`] functions.
///
/// The hook is provided with a `Layout` struct which contains information
/// about the allocation that failed.
///
/// The allocation error hook is a global resource.
pub fn set_alloc_error_hook(hook: fn(Layout)) {
    HOOK.store(hook as *mut (), Ordering::SeqCst);
}

/// Unregisters the current allocation error hook, returning it.
///
/// *See also the function [`set_alloc_error_hook`].*
///
/// If no custom hook is registered, the default hook will be returned.
pub fn take_alloc_error_hook() -> fn(Layout) {
    let hook = HOOK.swap(ptr::null_mut(), Ordering::SeqCst);
    if hook.is_null() {
        default_alloc_error_hook
    } else {
        unsafe { mem::transmute(hook) }
    }
}

fn default_alloc_error_hook(_layout: Layout) {
}

pub fn rust_oom(layout: Layout) -> ! {
    let hook = HOOK.load(Ordering::SeqCst);
    let hook: fn(Layout) = if hook.is_null() {
        default_alloc_error_hook
    } else {
        unsafe { mem::transmute(hook) }
    };
    hook(layout);
    loop {}
}