aion-rs 0.2.0

//! Engine-owned NIF implementations for the `aion_flow_ffi` namespace.
//!
//! These NIFs back the `@external(erlang, "aion_flow_ffi", ...)` declarations
//! in the Gleam `aion_flow` SDK. Activity dispatch is split into a normal
//! dispatch NIF plus a selective-receive await NIF.

use beamr::atom::Atom;
use beamr::native::ProcessContext;
use beamr::term::Term;
use beamr::term::binary_ref::BinaryRef;

use super::nif::{Mfa, NifEntry};
use super::nif_child;
use super::nif_continue_as_new;
use super::nif_determinism::{now_impl, random_impl, random_int_impl};
use super::nif_signal;
use super::nif_timeout;
use super::nif_timer;

const FFI_MODULE: &str = "aion_flow_ffi";
#[cfg(test)]
const NOT_YET_IMPLEMENTED: &str = "not_yet_implemented";

/// Build `{ok, <<value>>}` on the calling process heap.
///
/// Result terms are allocated through the [`ProcessContext`] allocators:
/// attached (normal-scheduler) calls get GC-traced process-heap terms, and
/// detached (dirty) calls get owned blocks the dirty-result bridge copies
/// onto the process heap. Nothing is parked in thread-locals — beamr's
/// moving GC never traces out-of-heap pointers, so a parked heap either
/// leaks for the scheduler thread's lifetime or dangles once cleared while
/// workflow code still references the term (N-6).
///
/// Allocation may collect on attached calls: decode every argument `Term`
/// before the first result allocation.
pub(super) fn ok_result_term(ctx: &mut ProcessContext, value: &str) -> Option<Term> {
    let value_term = ctx.alloc_binary(value.as_bytes()).ok()?;
    ctx.alloc_tuple(&[Term::atom(Atom::OK), value_term]).ok()
}

/// Build `{error, <<message>>}` on the calling process heap (see
/// [`ok_result_term`] for the allocation contract).
pub(super) fn error_result_term(ctx: &mut ProcessContext, message: &str) -> Option<Term> {
    let value_term = ctx.alloc_binary(message.as_bytes()).ok()?;
    ctx.alloc_tuple(&[Term::atom(Atom::ERROR), value_term]).ok()
}

pub(super) fn decode_string_arg(term: Term) -> Result<String, String> {
    let bin = BinaryRef::new(term).ok_or_else(|| "argument is not a binary".to_owned())?;
    String::from_utf8(bin.as_bytes().to_vec()).map_err(|_| "argument is not valid UTF-8".to_owned())
}

fn dispatch_activity(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    super::nif_activity_dispatch::dispatch_activity_impl(args, ctx)
}

fn await_activity_result(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    super::nif_activity_dispatch::await_activity_result_impl(args, ctx)
}

fn collect_all(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    super::nif_concurrency::collect_all_impl(args, ctx)
}

fn collect_race(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    super::nif_concurrency::collect_race_impl(args, ctx)
}

fn collect_map(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    super::nif_concurrency::collect_map_impl(args, ctx)
}

#[cfg(test)]
fn not_yet_implemented(args: &[Term], ctx: &mut ProcessContext) -> Result<Term, Term> {
    let _ = ctx.pid();
    if args.len() > 255 {
        return Err(Term::NIL);
    }

    Ok(error_result_term(ctx, NOT_YET_IMPLEMENTED).unwrap_or(Term::NIL))
}

/// Collect engine-owned NIF entries for `aion_flow_ffi`.
pub(super) fn engine_nif_entries() -> Vec<NifEntry> {
    vec![
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "dispatch_activity", 3),
            dispatch_activity,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "await_activity_result", 1),
            await_activity_result,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "now", 0), now_impl),
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "random", 0), random_impl),
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "random_int", 2), random_int_impl),
        // Suspending awaits run on the normal schedulers: they park via
        // request_suspend instead of blocking, so a dirty thread would only
        // be wasted on them.
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "sleep", 1), nif_timer::sleep_impl),
        NifEntry::dirty(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "start_timer", 2),
            nif_timer::start_timer_impl,
        ),
        NifEntry::dirty(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "cancel_timer", 1),
            nif_timer::cancel_timer_impl,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "with_timeout", 2),
            nif_timeout::with_timeout_impl,
        ),
        NifEntry::dirty(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "continue_as_new", 1),
            nif_continue_as_new::continue_as_new_impl,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "receive_signal", 2),
            nif_signal::receive_signal,
        ),
        NifEntry::dirty(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "send_signal", 3),
            nif_signal::send_signal,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "register_query", 2),
            super::nif_query::register_query,
        ),
        // The reply NIFs are non-blocking (registry check, map removal, a
        // oneshot send) and run on the normal schedulers. Running them dirty
        // routed every query reply through beamr's dirty-result resume,
        // which deep-copies the result onto the workflow heap *without GC*:
        // on a full heap the copy fails and the VM kills the workflow with
        // `Badarg`, surfacing as `ReplyDropped` to the caller (F8).
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "reply_query", 2),
            super::nif_query::reply_query,
        ),
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "reply_query_error", 2),
            super::nif_query::reply_query_error,
        ),
        NifEntry::dirty(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "dispatch_query", 2),
            super::nif_query::dispatch_query,
        ),
        // spawn_child runs on the normal schedulers: its blocking work (one
        // recorder append plus the child start round trip) is short and
        // bounded, and its replay fast-path does no blocking work at all.
        // Running it dirty rode beamr's dirty completion bridge on every
        // workflow's spawn — and on replay of every recovered parent — where
        // a lost dirty resume parks the process forever *before* its
        // await_child can arm the child-terminal watcher, stranding the run
        // for the epoch. `wake_process` deliberately refuses dirty-in-flight
        // pids, so no engine-side wake (including the wake-confirmation
        // ladder) can heal that park; the only robust embedder-side remedy
        // is to keep this call off the dirty bridge entirely.
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "spawn_child", 3),
            nif_child::spawn_child_impl,
        ),
        // await_child is a two-phase suspending native: it parks via
        // request_suspend and the child-terminal watcher wakes it, so a
        // dirty thread would only be wasted (and ten long-lived children
        // would wedge the default dirty IO pool).
        NifEntry::new(
            Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "await_child", 1),
            nif_child::await_child_impl,
        ),
        // collect_* are two-phase suspending natives over parallel activity
        // dispatch: they park via request_suspend and completion markers wake
        // them, so dirty threads would only be wasted (and N parents parked
        // on slow fan-outs would wedge the default dirty IO pool).
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "collect_all", 2), collect_all),
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "collect_race", 2), collect_race),
        NifEntry::new(Mfa::new(FFI_MODULE, "collect_map", 2), collect_map),
    ]
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use beamr::native::ProcessContext;
    use beamr::term::Term;
    use beamr::term::binary_ref::BinaryRef;
    use beamr::term::boxed::Tuple;

    use super::{NOT_YET_IMPLEMENTED, dispatch_activity, engine_nif_entries, not_yet_implemented};

    type TestResult = Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>>;

    fn decode_result_tuple(term: Term) -> Result<(String, String), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
        let tuple = Tuple::new(term).ok_or("result should be a tuple")?;
        if tuple.arity() != 2 {
            return Err(format!("expected arity 2, got {}", tuple.arity()).into());
        }
        let tag = tuple.get(0).ok_or("missing tag element")?;
        let value = tuple.get(1).ok_or("missing value element")?;
        let tag_name = if tag == Term::atom(beamr::atom::Atom::OK) {
            "ok"
        } else {
            "error"
        };
        let bin = BinaryRef::new(value).ok_or("value should be a binary")?;
        let text = String::from_utf8(bin.as_bytes().to_vec())
            .map_err(|_| "value should be valid UTF-8")?;
        Ok((tag_name.to_owned(), text))
    }

    #[test]
    fn returns_error_on_wrong_arity() -> TestResult {
        let mut ctx = ProcessContext::new();

        let result = dispatch_activity(&[], &mut ctx);

        match result {
            Ok(term) => {
                let (tag, message) = decode_result_tuple(term)?;
                assert_eq!(tag, "error");
                assert!(
                    message.contains("expected 3 arguments"),
                    "unexpected: {message}"
                );
            }
            Err(_) => return Err("NIF should return Ok at the beamr level".into()),
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn registers_all_engine_nifs_as_unique_entries_with_correct_scheduling() -> TestResult {
        let entries = engine_nif_entries();
        let unique = entries
            .iter()
            .map(|entry| entry.mfa.display())
            .collect::<std::collections::BTreeSet<_>>();

        assert_eq!(entries.len(), 21);
        assert_eq!(unique.len(), entries.len());
        for normal_nif in [
            "dispatch_activity",
            "await_activity_result",
            "now",
            "random",
            "random_int",
            "sleep",
            "receive_signal",
            "with_timeout",
            "register_query",
            "reply_query",
            "reply_query_error",
            "spawn_child",
            "await_child",
            "collect_all",
            "collect_race",
            "collect_map",
        ] {
            let found = entries
                .iter()
                .any(|entry| entry.mfa.function == normal_nif && !entry.is_dirty);
            assert!(found, "{normal_nif} should be a registered normal NIF");
        }
        assert!(
            entries
                .iter()
                .filter(|entry| !matches!(
                    entry.mfa.function.as_str(),
                    "dispatch_activity"
                        | "await_activity_result"
                        | "now"
                        | "random"
                        | "random_int"
                        | "sleep"
                        | "receive_signal"
                        | "with_timeout"
                        | "register_query"
                        | "reply_query"
                        | "reply_query_error"
                        | "spawn_child"
                        | "await_child"
                        | "collect_all"
                        | "collect_race"
                        | "collect_map"
                ))
                .all(|entry| entry.is_dirty)
        );
        for name in [
            "collect_all",
            "collect_race",
            "collect_map",
            "register_query",
            "reply_query",
            "reply_query_error",
            "dispatch_query",
            "spawn_child",
            "await_child",
            "continue_as_new",
        ] {
            let entry = entries
                .iter()
                .find(|entry| entry.mfa.function == name)
                .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing {name}"))?;
            assert!(
                !std::ptr::fn_addr_eq(
                    entry.function,
                    not_yet_implemented as beamr::native::NativeFn
                ),
                "{name} should not use the stub"
            );
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn unimplemented_stub_returns_standard_error_tuple() -> TestResult {
        let mut ctx = ProcessContext::new();

        let result = not_yet_implemented(&[], &mut ctx);

        match result {
            Ok(term) => {
                let (tag, message) = decode_result_tuple(term)?;
                assert_eq!(tag, "error");
                assert_eq!(message, NOT_YET_IMPLEMENTED);
            }
            Err(_) => return Err("stub should return Ok at the beamr level".into()),
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}