pub trait Display {
// Required method
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>;
}
Expand description
Format trait for an empty format, {}
.
Implementing this trait for a type will automatically implement the
ToString
trait for the type, allowing the usage
of the .to_string()
method. Prefer implementing
the Display
trait for a type, rather than ToString
.
Display
is similar to Debug
, but Display
is for user-facing
output, and so cannot be derived.
For more information on formatters, see the module-level documentation.
§Completeness and parseability
Display
for a type might not necessarily be a lossless or complete representation of the type.
It may omit internal state, precision, or other information the type does not consider important
for user-facing output, as determined by the type. As such, the output of Display
might not be
possible to parse, and even if it is, the result of parsing might not exactly match the original
value.
However, if a type has a lossless Display
implementation whose output is meant to be
conveniently machine-parseable and not just meant for human consumption, then the type may wish
to accept the same format in FromStr
, and document that usage. Having both Display
and
FromStr
implementations where the result of Display
cannot be parsed with FromStr
may
surprise users.
§Internationalization
Because a type can only have one Display
implementation, it is often preferable
to only implement Display
when there is a single most “obvious” way that
values can be formatted as text. This could mean formatting according to the
“invariant” culture and “undefined” locale, or it could mean that the type
display is designed for a specific culture/locale, such as developer logs.
If not all values have a justifiably canonical textual format or if you want
to support alternative formats not covered by the standard set of possible
formatting traits, the most flexible approach is display adapters: methods
like str::escape_default
or Path::display
which create a wrapper
implementing Display
to output the specific display format.
§Examples
Implementing Display
on a type:
use std::fmt;
struct Point {
x: i32,
y: i32,
}
impl fmt::Display for Point {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "({}, {})", self.x, self.y)
}
}
let origin = Point { x: 0, y: 0 };
assert_eq!(format!("The origin is: {origin}"), "The origin is: (0, 0)");
Required Methods§
1.0.0 · Sourcefn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>
Formats the value using the given formatter.
§Errors
This function should return Err
if, and only if, the provided Formatter
returns Err
.
String formatting is considered an infallible operation; this function only
returns a Result
because writing to the underlying stream might fail and it must
provide a way to propagate the fact that an error has occurred back up the stack.
§Examples
use std::fmt;
struct Position {
longitude: f32,
latitude: f32,
}
impl fmt::Display for Position {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "({}, {})", self.longitude, self.latitude)
}
}
assert_eq!(
"(1.987, 2.983)",
format!("{}", Position { longitude: 1.987, latitude: 2.983, }),
);
Implementors§
impl Display for chaos_framework::Error
impl Display for InitError
impl Display for StyleColor
impl Display for AsciiChar
impl Display for Infallible
impl Display for FromBytesWithNulError
impl Display for IpAddr
impl Display for SocketAddr
impl Display for GetDisjointMutError
impl Display for VarError
impl Display for std::fs::TryLockError
impl Display for ErrorKind
impl Display for RecvTimeoutError
impl Display for TryRecvError
impl Display for HuffmanTreeError
impl Display for CheckedCastError
impl Display for PodCastError
impl Display for Compression
impl Display for exr::error::Error
impl Display for gif::encoder::EncodingError
impl Display for EncodingFormatError
impl Display for gif::reader::decoder::DecodingError
impl Display for image_webp::decoder::DecodingError
impl Display for image_webp::encoder::EncodingError
impl Display for ImageError
impl Display for ImageFormatHint
impl Display for image::flat::Error
impl Display for jpeg_decoder::error::Error
impl Display for Level
impl Display for LevelFilter
impl Display for BlendOp
impl Display for DisposeOp
impl Display for png::decoder::stream::DecodingError
impl Display for png::encoder::EncodingError
impl Display for qoi::error::Error
impl Display for BernoulliError
impl Display for WeightedError
impl Display for ColorPrimaries
impl Display for MatrixCoefficients
impl Display for PixelRange
impl Display for TransferCharacteristics
impl Display for InvalidConfig
impl Display for rav1e::api::config::rate::Error
impl Display for PredictionModesSetting
impl Display for SGRComplexityLevel
impl Display for SceneDetectionSpeed
impl Display for SegmentationLevel
impl Display for EncoderStatus
impl Display for FrameType
impl Display for CpuFeatureLevel
impl Display for Tune
impl Display for BlockSize
impl Display for ravif::error::Error
impl Display for HandleError
impl Display for CollectionAllocErr
impl Display for TiffError
impl Display for TiffFormatError
impl Display for TiffUnsupportedError
impl Display for UsageError
impl Display for LoadError
impl Display for ChromaSampling
impl Display for LzwError
impl Display for BigEndian
impl Display for LittleEndian
impl Display for DecodeErrors
impl Display for bool
impl Display for char
impl Display for f16
impl Display for f32
impl Display for f64
impl Display for i8
impl Display for i16
impl Display for i32
impl Display for i64
impl Display for i128
impl Display for isize
impl Display for !
impl Display for str
impl Display for u8
impl Display for u16
impl Display for u32
impl Display for u64
impl Display for u128
impl Display for usize
impl Display for PayloadIsWrongType
impl Display for Affine2
impl Display for Affine3A
impl Display for BVec2
impl Display for BVec3
impl Display for BVec3A
impl Display for BVec4
impl Display for BVec4A
impl Display for DAffine2
impl Display for DAffine3
impl Display for DMat2
impl Display for DMat3
impl Display for DMat4
impl Display for DQuat
impl Display for DVec2
impl Display for DVec3
impl Display for DVec4
impl Display for I16Vec2
impl Display for I16Vec3
impl Display for I16Vec4
impl Display for I64Vec2
impl Display for I64Vec3
impl Display for I64Vec4
impl Display for IVec2
impl Display for IVec3
impl Display for IVec4
impl Display for ImStr
impl Display for ImString
impl Display for InvalidStyleColorValue
impl Display for Mat2
impl Display for Mat3
impl Display for Mat3A
impl Display for Mat4
impl Display for Quat
impl Display for U16Vec2
impl Display for U16Vec3
impl Display for U16Vec4
impl Display for U64Vec2
impl Display for U64Vec3
impl Display for U64Vec4
impl Display for UVec2
impl Display for UVec3
impl Display for UVec4
impl Display for Vec2
impl Display for Vec3
impl Display for Vec3A
impl Display for Vec4
impl Display for AllocError
impl Display for LayoutError
impl Display for TryFromSliceError
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::ascii::EscapeDefault
impl Display for ByteStr
impl Display for BorrowError
impl Display for BorrowMutError
impl Display for CharTryFromError
impl Display for DecodeUtf16Error
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::char::EscapeDebug
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::char::EscapeDefault
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::char::EscapeUnicode
impl Display for ParseCharError
impl Display for ToLowercase
impl Display for ToUppercase
impl Display for TryFromCharError
impl Display for FromBytesUntilNulError
impl Display for AddrParseError
impl Display for Ipv4Addr
impl Display for Ipv6Addr
Writes an Ipv6Addr, conforming to the canonical style described by RFC 5952.
impl Display for SocketAddrV4
impl Display for SocketAddrV6
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::num::ParseFloatError
impl Display for ParseIntError
impl Display for TryFromIntError
impl Display for Location<'_>
impl Display for PanicInfo<'_>
impl Display for PanicMessage<'_>
impl Display for ParseBoolError
impl Display for Utf8Error
impl Display for TryFromFloatSecsError
impl Display for ByteString
impl Display for UnorderedKeyError
impl Display for TryReserveError
impl Display for FromVecWithNulError
impl Display for IntoStringError
impl Display for NulError
impl Display for FromUtf8Error
impl Display for FromUtf16Error
impl Display for String
impl Display for Backtrace
impl Display for JoinPathsError
impl Display for std::ffi::os_str::Display<'_>
impl Display for WriterPanicked
impl Display for std::io::error::Error
impl Display for PanicHookInfo<'_>
impl Display for std::path::Display<'_>
impl Display for NormalizeError
impl Display for StripPrefixError
impl Display for ExitStatus
impl Display for ExitStatusError
impl Display for RecvError
impl Display for AccessError
impl Display for SystemTimeError
impl Display for anyhow::Error
impl Display for Text
impl Display for CompressError
impl Display for flate2::mem::DecompressError
impl Display for getrandom::error::Error
impl Display for getrandom::error::Error
impl Display for DecodingFormatError
impl Display for bf16
impl Display for f16
impl Display for image::error::DecodingError
impl Display for image::error::EncodingError
impl Display for LimitError
impl Display for image::error::ParameterError
impl Display for UnsupportedError
impl Display for ParseLevelError
impl Display for SetLoggerError
impl Display for miniz_oxide::inflate::DecompressError
impl Display for BigInt
impl Display for BigUint
impl Display for ParseBigIntError
impl Display for ParseRatioError
impl Display for num_traits::ParseFloatError
impl Display for png::common::ParameterError
impl Display for ReadError
impl Display for rand_core::error::Error
impl Display for EncoderConfig
impl Display for ThreadPoolBuildError
impl Display for InflateDecodeErrors
impl Display for Arguments<'_>
impl Display for chaos_framework::__core::fmt::Error
impl<'a> Display for EscapeAscii<'a>
impl<'a> Display for chaos_framework::__core::str::EscapeDebug<'a>
impl<'a> Display for chaos_framework::__core::str::EscapeDefault<'a>
impl<'a> Display for chaos_framework::__core::str::EscapeUnicode<'a>
impl<'a, I> Display for Format<'a, I>
impl<'a, I, F> Display for FormatWith<'a, I, F>
impl<'a, K, V> Display for std::collections::hash::map::OccupiedError<'a, K, V>
impl<'a, K, V, A> Display for alloc::collections::btree::map::entry::OccupiedError<'a, K, V, A>
impl<'a, R, G, T> Display for MappedReentrantMutexGuard<'a, R, G, T>
impl<'a, R, G, T> Display for ReentrantMutexGuard<'a, R, G, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::mutex::MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::mutex::MutexGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::rwlock::MappedRwLockReadGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::rwlock::MappedRwLockWriteGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::rwlock::RwLockReadGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for RwLockUpgradableReadGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<'a, R, T> Display for lock_api::rwlock::RwLockWriteGuard<'a, R, T>
impl<A, S, V> Display for ConvertError<A, S, V>
Produces a human-readable error message.
The message differs between debug and release builds. When
debug_assertions
are enabled, this message is verbose and includes
potentially sensitive information.
impl<B> Display for Cow<'_, B>
impl<E> Display for Err<E>where
E: Debug,
impl<E> Display for Report<E>where
E: Error,
impl<F> Display for FromFn<F>
impl<I> Display for ExactlyOneError<I>where
I: Iterator,
impl<I> Display for nom::error::Error<I>where
I: Display,
The Display implementation allows the std::error::Error implementation
impl<I> Display for VerboseError<I>where
I: Display,
impl<L, R> Display for Either<L, R>
impl<O> Display for F32<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for F64<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for I16<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for I32<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for I64<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for I128<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for Isize<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for U16<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for U32<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for U64<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for U128<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<O> Display for Usize<O>where
O: ByteOrder,
impl<Ptr> Display for Pin<Ptr>where
Ptr: Display,
impl<Src, Dst> Display for AlignmentError<Src, Dst>
Produces a human-readable error message.
The message differs between debug and release builds. When
debug_assertions
are enabled, this message is verbose and includes
potentially sensitive information.
impl<Src, Dst> Display for SizeError<Src, Dst>
Produces a human-readable error message.
The message differs between debug and release builds. When
debug_assertions
are enabled, this message is verbose and includes
potentially sensitive information.
impl<Src, Dst> Display for ValidityError<Src, Dst>
Produces a human-readable error message.
The message differs between debug and release builds. When
debug_assertions
are enabled, this message is verbose and includes
potentially sensitive information.