Struct Transform 

pub struct Transform {
    pub translation: Vec3,
    pub rotation: Quat,
    pub scale: Vec3,
}

Describe the position of an entity. If the entity has a parent, the position is relative to its parent position.

• To place or move an entity, you should set its Transform.
• To get the global transform of an entity, you should get its GlobalTransform.
• To be displayed, an entity must have both a Transform and a GlobalTransform. GlobalTransform is automatically inserted whenever Transform is inserted.

Transform and GlobalTransform

Transform is the position of an entity relative to its parent position, or the reference frame if it doesn’t have a ChildOf component.

GlobalTransform is the position of an entity relative to the reference frame.

GlobalTransform is updated from Transform by systems in the system set TransformPropagate.

This system runs during PostUpdate. If you update the Transform of an entity during this set or after, you will notice a 1 frame lag before the GlobalTransform is updated.

Examples

• transform

Fields

translation: Vec3

Position of the entity. In 2d, the last value of the Vec3 is used for z-ordering.

See the translations example for usage.

rotation: Quat

Rotation of the entity.

See the 3d_rotation example for usage.

scale: Vec3

Scale of the entity.

See the scale example for usage.

Implementations

impl Transform

pub const IDENTITY: Transform

An identity Transform with no translation, rotation, and a scale of 1 on all axes.

pub const fn from_xyz(x: f32, y: f32, z: f32) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform at the position (x, y, z). In 2d, the z component is used for z-ordering elements: higher z-value will be in front of lower z-value.

pub fn from_matrix(world_from_local: Mat4) -> Transform

Extracts the translation, rotation, and scale from matrix. It must be a 3d affine transformation matrix.

pub const fn from_translation(translation: Vec3) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with translation. Rotation will be 0 and scale 1 on all axes.

pub const fn from_rotation(rotation: Quat) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with rotation. Translation will be 0 and scale 1 on all axes.

pub const fn from_scale(scale: Vec3) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with scale. Translation will be 0 and rotation 0 on all axes.

pub fn from_isometry(iso: Isometry3d) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform that is equivalent to the given isometry.

pub fn looking_at(self, target: Vec3, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation so that Transform::forward points towards the target position and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if target is the same as the transform translation, Vec3::Z is used instead
• if up fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Y is used instead
• if the resulting forward direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

pub fn looking_to( self, direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>, ) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation so that Transform::forward points in the given direction and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if direction fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Z is used instead
• if up fails converting to Dir3, Dir3::Y is used instead
• if direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

pub fn aligned_by( self, main_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, main_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, ) -> Transform

Rotates this Transform so that the main_axis vector, reinterpreted in local coordinates, points in the given main_direction, while secondary_axis points towards secondary_direction. For example, if a spaceship model has its nose pointing in the X-direction in its own local coordinates and its dorsal fin pointing in the Y-direction, then align(Dir3::X, v, Dir3::Y, w) will make the spaceship’s nose point in the direction of v, while the dorsal fin does its best to point in the direction w.

In some cases a rotation cannot be constructed. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if main_axis or main_direction fail converting to Dir3 (e.g are zero), Dir3::X takes their place
• if secondary_axis or secondary_direction fail converting, Dir3::Y takes their place
• if main_axis is parallel with secondary_axis or main_direction is parallel with secondary_direction, a rotation is constructed which takes main_axis to main_direction along a great circle, ignoring the secondary counterparts

See Transform::align for additional details.

pub const fn with_translation(self, translation: Vec3) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new translation.

pub const fn with_rotation(self, rotation: Quat) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation.

pub const fn with_scale(self, scale: Vec3) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new scale.

pub fn compute_matrix(&self) -> Mat4

Returns the 3d affine transformation matrix from this transforms translation, rotation, and scale.

pub fn compute_affine(&self) -> Affine3A

Returns the 3d affine transformation matrix from this transforms translation, rotation, and scale.

pub fn local_x(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local X direction.

pub fn left(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_x()

pub fn right(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_x()

pub fn local_y(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local Y direction.

pub fn up(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_y()

pub fn down(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_y()

pub fn local_z(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local Z direction.

pub fn forward(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_z()

pub fn back(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_z()

pub fn rotate(&mut self, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform by the given rotation.

If this Transform has a parent, the rotation is relative to the rotation of the parent.

Examples

• 3d_rotation

pub fn rotate_axis(&mut self, axis: Dir3, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the given axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

Warning

If you pass in an axis based on the current rotation (e.g. obtained via Transform::local_x), floating point errors can accumulate exponentially when applying rotations repeatedly this way. This will result in a denormalized rotation. In this case, it is recommended to normalize the Transform::rotation after each call to this method.

pub fn rotate_x(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the X axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

pub fn rotate_y(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the Y axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

pub fn rotate_z(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the Z axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

pub fn rotate_local(&mut self, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform by the given rotation.

The rotation is relative to this Transform’s current rotation.

pub fn rotate_local_axis(&mut self, axis: Dir3, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local axis by angle (in radians).

Warning

If you pass in an axis based on the current rotation (e.g. obtained via Transform::local_x), floating point errors can accumulate exponentially when applying rotations repeatedly this way. This will result in a denormalized rotation. In this case, it is recommended to normalize the Transform::rotation after each call to this method.

pub fn rotate_local_x(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local X axis by angle (in radians).

pub fn rotate_local_y(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local Y axis by angle (in radians).

pub fn rotate_local_z(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local Z axis by angle (in radians).

pub fn translate_around(&mut self, point: Vec3, rotation: Quat)

Translates this Transform around a point in space.

If this Transform has a parent, the point is relative to the Transform of the parent.

pub fn rotate_around(&mut self, point: Vec3, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform around a point in space.

If this Transform has a parent, the point is relative to the Transform of the parent.

pub fn look_at(&mut self, target: Vec3, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>)

Rotates this Transform so that Transform::forward points towards the target position, and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if target is the same as the transform translation, Vec3::Z is used instead
• if up fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Y is used instead
• if the resulting forward direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

pub fn look_to(&mut self, direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>)

Rotates this Transform so that Transform::forward points in the given direction and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if direction fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::NEG_Z is used instead
• if up fails converting to Dir3, Dir3::Y is used instead
• if direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

pub fn align( &mut self, main_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, main_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, )

Rotates this Transform so that the main_axis vector, reinterpreted in local coordinates, points in the given main_direction, while secondary_axis points towards secondary_direction.

For example, if a spaceship model has its nose pointing in the X-direction in its own local coordinates and its dorsal fin pointing in the Y-direction, then align(Dir3::X, v, Dir3::Y, w) will make the spaceship’s nose point in the direction of v, while the dorsal fin does its best to point in the direction w.

More precisely, the Transform::rotation produced will be such that:

• applying it to main_axis results in main_direction
• applying it to secondary_axis produces a vector that lies in the half-plane generated by main_direction and secondary_direction (with positive contribution by secondary_direction)

Transform::look_to is recovered, for instance, when main_axis is Dir3::NEG_Z (the Transform::forward direction in the default orientation) and secondary_axis is Dir3::Y (the Transform::up direction in the default orientation). (Failure cases may differ somewhat.)

In some cases a rotation cannot be constructed. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

• if main_axis or main_direction fail converting to Dir3 (e.g are zero), Dir3::X takes their place
• if secondary_axis or secondary_direction fail converting, Dir3::Y takes their place
• if main_axis is parallel with secondary_axis or main_direction is parallel with secondary_direction, a rotation is constructed which takes main_axis to main_direction along a great circle, ignoring the secondary counterparts

Example

t1.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Y, Vec3::new(1., 1., 0.), Dir3::Z);
let main_axis_image = t1.rotation * Dir3::X;
let secondary_axis_image = t1.rotation * Vec3::new(1., 1., 0.);
assert!(main_axis_image.abs_diff_eq(Vec3::Y, 1e-5));
assert!(secondary_axis_image.abs_diff_eq(Vec3::new(0., 1., 1.), 1e-5));

t1.align(Vec3::ZERO, Dir3::Z, Vec3::ZERO, Dir3::X);
t2.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Z, Dir3::Y, Dir3::X);
assert_eq!(t1.rotation, t2.rotation);

t1.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Z, Dir3::X, Dir3::Y);
assert_eq!(t1.rotation, Quat::from_rotation_arc(Vec3::X, Vec3::Z));

pub fn mul_transform(&self, transform: Transform) -> Transform

Multiplies self with transform component by component, returning the resulting Transform

pub fn transform_point(&self, point: Vec3) -> Vec3

Transforms the given point, applying scale, rotation and translation.

If this Transform has an ancestor entity with a Transform component, Transform::transform_point will transform a point in local space into its parent transform’s space.

If this Transform does not have a parent, Transform::transform_point will transform a point in local space into worldspace coordinates.

If you always want to transform a point in local space to worldspace, or if you need the inverse transformations, see GlobalTransform::transform_point().

pub fn is_finite(&self) -> bool

Returns true if, and only if, translation, rotation and scale all are finite. If any of them contains a NaN, positive or negative infinity, this will return false.

pub fn to_isometry(&self) -> Isometry3d

Get the isometry defined by this transform’s rotation and translation, ignoring scale.

Trait Implementations

impl Animatable for Transform

fn interpolate(a: &Transform, b: &Transform, t: f32) -> Transform

Interpolates between a and b with an interpolation factor of time.

fn blend(inputs: impl Iterator<Item = BlendInput<Transform>>) -> Transform

Blends one or more values together.

impl Clone for Transform

fn clone(&self) -> Transform

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Component for Transform

where Transform: Send + Sync + 'static,

Required Components: GlobalTransform, TransformTreeChanged.

A component’s Required Components are inserted whenever it is inserted. Note that this will also insert the required components of the required components, recursively, in depth-first order.

const STORAGE_TYPE: StorageType = bevy_ecs::component::StorageType::Table

A constant indicating the storage type used for this component.

type Mutability = Mutable

A marker type to assist Bevy with determining if this component is mutable, or immutable. Mutable components will have Component<Mutability = Mutable>, while immutable components will instead have Component<Mutability = Immutable>.

fn register_required_components( requiree: ComponentId, components: &mut ComponentsRegistrator<'_>, required_components: &mut RequiredComponents, inheritance_depth: u16, recursion_check_stack: &mut Vec<ComponentId>, )

Registers required components.

fn clone_behavior() -> ComponentCloneBehavior

Called when registering this component, allowing to override clone function (or disable cloning altogether) for this component.

fn register_component_hooks(hooks: &mut ComponentHooks)

👎Deprecated since 0.16.0: Use the individual hook methods instead (e.g., Component::on_add, etc.)

Called when registering this component, allowing mutable access to its ComponentHooks.

fn on_add() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_add ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_insert() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_insert ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_replace() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_replace ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_remove() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_remove ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn on_despawn() -> Option<for<'w> fn(DeferredWorld<'w>, HookContext)>

Gets the on_despawn ComponentHook for this Component if one is defined.

fn map_entities<E>(_this: &mut Self, _mapper: &mut E)

where E: EntityMapper,

Maps the entities on this component using the given EntityMapper. This is used to remap entities in contexts like scenes and entity cloning. When deriving Component, this is populated by annotating fields containing entities with #[entities]

impl Debug for Transform

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Default for Transform

fn default() -> Transform

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl From<GlobalTransform> for Transform

The transform is expected to be non-degenerate and without shearing, or the output will be invalid.

fn from(transform: GlobalTransform) -> Transform

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<Transform> for GlobalTransform

fn from(transform: Transform) -> GlobalTransform

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl FromReflect for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn from_reflect(reflect: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)) -> Option<Transform>

Constructs a concrete instance of Self from a reflected value.

fn take_from_reflect( reflect: Box<dyn PartialReflect>, ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to downcast the given value to Self using, constructing the value using from_reflect if that fails.

impl GetTypeRegistration for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn get_type_registration() -> TypeRegistration

Returns the default TypeRegistration for this type.

fn register_type_dependencies(registry: &mut TypeRegistry)

Registers other types needed by this type.

impl Mul<GlobalTransform> for Transform

type Output = GlobalTransform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul( self, global_transform: GlobalTransform, ) -> <Transform as Mul<GlobalTransform>>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Mesh> for Transform

type Output = Mesh

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, rhs: Mesh) -> <Transform as Mul<Mesh>>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Transform> for GlobalTransform

type Output = GlobalTransform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul( self, transform: Transform, ) -> <GlobalTransform as Mul<Transform>>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul<Vec3> for Transform

type Output = Vec3

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, value: Vec3) -> <Transform as Mul<Vec3>>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl Mul for Transform

type Output = Transform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

fn mul(self, transform: Transform) -> <Transform as Mul>::Output

Performs the * operation.

impl PartialEq for Transform

fn eq(&self, other: &Transform) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

impl PartialReflect for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn get_represented_type_info(&self) -> Option<&'static TypeInfo>

Returns the TypeInfo of the type represented by this value.

fn try_apply( &mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Result<(), ApplyError>

Tries to apply a reflected value to this value.

fn reflect_kind(&self) -> ReflectKind

Returns a zero-sized enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_ref(&self) -> ReflectRef<'_>

Returns an immutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_mut(&mut self) -> ReflectMut<'_>

Returns a mutable enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn reflect_owned(self: Box<Transform>) -> ReflectOwned

Returns an owned enumeration of “kinds” of type.

fn try_into_reflect( self: Box<Transform>, ) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, Box<dyn PartialReflect>>

Attempts to cast this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn try_as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Attempts to cast this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn into_partial_reflect(self: Box<Transform>) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a reflected value.

fn as_partial_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, reflected value.

fn reflect_partial_eq( &self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static), ) -> Option<bool>

Returns a “partial equality” comparison result.

fn debug(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Debug formatter for the value.

fn reflect_clone(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, ReflectCloneError>

Attempts to clone Self using reflection.

fn apply(&mut self, value: &(dyn PartialReflect + 'static))

Applies a reflected value to this value.

fn clone_value(&self) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

👎Deprecated since 0.16.0: to clone reflected values, prefer using reflect_clone. To convert reflected values to dynamic ones, use to_dynamic.

Clones Self into its dynamic representation.

fn to_dynamic(&self) -> Box<dyn PartialReflect>

Converts this reflected value into its dynamic representation based on its kind.

fn reflect_hash(&self) -> Option<u64>

Returns a hash of the value (which includes the type).

fn is_dynamic(&self) -> bool

Indicates whether or not this type is a dynamic type.

impl Reflect for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn into_any(self: Box<Transform>) -> Box<dyn Any>

Returns the value as a Box<dyn Any>.

fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &dyn Any.

fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &mut dyn Any.

fn into_reflect(self: Box<Transform>) -> Box<dyn Reflect>

Casts this type to a boxed, fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a fully-reflected value.

fn as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable, fully-reflected value.

fn set(&mut self, value: Box<dyn Reflect>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Reflect>>

Performs a type-checked assignment of a reflected value to this value.

impl Struct for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn field(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field named name as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_mut( &mut self, name: &str, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field named name as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&(dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field with index index as a &dyn PartialReflect.

fn field_at_mut( &mut self, index: usize, ) -> Option<&mut (dyn PartialReflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field with index index as a &mut dyn PartialReflect.

fn name_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&str>

Returns the name of the field with index index.

fn field_len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of fields in the struct.

fn iter_fields(&self) -> FieldIter<'_>

Returns an iterator over the values of the reflectable fields for this struct.

fn to_dynamic_struct(&self) -> DynamicStruct

fn clone_dynamic(&self) -> DynamicStruct

👎Deprecated since 0.16.0: use to_dynamic_struct instead

Clones the struct into a DynamicStruct.

fn get_represented_struct_info(&self) -> Option<&'static StructInfo>

Will return None if TypeInfo is not available.

impl TransformPoint for Transform

fn transform_point(&self, point: impl Into<Vec3>) -> Vec3

Transform a point.

impl TypePath for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync,

fn type_path() -> &'static str

Returns the fully qualified path of the underlying type.

fn short_type_path() -> &'static str

Returns a short, pretty-print enabled path to the type.

fn type_ident() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the type, or None if it is anonymous.

fn crate_name() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the crate the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

fn module_path() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the path to the module the type is in, or None if it is anonymous.

impl Typed for Transform

where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + MaybeTyped + RegisterForReflection,

fn type_info() -> &'static TypeInfo

Returns the compile-time info for the underlying type.

impl Copy for Transform

impl StructuralPartialEq for Transform