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StreamGraph

Struct StreamGraph 

Source
pub struct StreamGraph { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

A bounded three- or four-stage FIFO stream graph.

Implementations§

Source§

impl StreamGraph

Source

pub fn new( chain_length: usize, capacity: usize, max_inputs: usize, record_domain_size: u64, ) -> Result<Self, StreamGraphBuildError>

Validate and construct an empty stream graph.

Examples found in repository?
examples/catalog.rs (line 122)
20fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
21    // Primitives.
22    let mut budget = Budget::new(8);
23    assert!(budget.try_reserve(3));
24    budget.commit_reservation(3)?;
25
26    let mut hierarchy = QualityHierarchy::new(2, 2);
27    hierarchy.set_node_properties(0, 2, 1)?;
28    hierarchy.set_node_properties(1, 1, 2)?;
29    hierarchy.add_child(0, 1)?;
30
31    let mut registry = ResourceRegistry::new();
32    registry.insert(1, 10);
33    assert_eq!(registry.get(1), Some(10));
34
35    let mut hard = CompetitiveSelectionHard::new(2)?;
36    hard.update_score(0, 2)?;
37    hard.update_score(1, 1)?;
38    assert_eq!(hard.evaluate(), 0);
39
40    let mut exclusive = CompetitiveSelectionHardExclusive::new(1, 2, 2)?;
41    exclusive.update_score(0, 0, 2)?;
42    exclusive.update_score(0, 1, 1)?;
43    assert_eq!(exclusive.evaluate(0)?, 0);
44
45    let mut soft = CompetitiveSelectionSoft::begin(vec![3, 1], 4, 3)?;
46    assert_eq!(soft.assign_next()?, 0);
47
48    let mut ranked = CompetitiveSelectionRanked::new(vec![2, 1], 1, 2)?;
49    ranked.select();
50    assert_eq!(ranked.is_selected(0), Some(true));
51
52    let mut actuation = ActuationPass::new(vec![Some(7)]);
53    actuation.actuate(0)?;
54    actuation.finish()?;
55
56    let mut propagation = PropagationPass::new(1, 2, vec![], vec![0])?;
57    propagation.start_round()?;
58    propagation.update_node(0)?;
59    propagation.end_round()?;
60
61    let mut convergence = ConvergenceGovernor::new(2, 6, 2, 10)?;
62    assert_eq!(convergence.update(1)?, 1);
63
64    let mut audit = AuditSink::new(1);
65    assert!(audit.try_record(7));
66    assert!(audit.validate());
67
68    let mut backtracking = BacktrackingTraversal::new(2, 1, 0)?;
69    backtracking.descend(1, 1)?;
70    backtracking.visit()?;
71
72    // Named compositions.
73    let mut snapshot = AllocationSnapshot::new(3, 1);
74    snapshot.accept(0, 3)?;
75
76    let mut federated = FederatedBudget::new(4, 1);
77    assert!(federated.try_delegate(0, 4));
78    assert!(federated.try_allocate(0, 2));
79
80    let mut bisection = Bisection::new(4, 2)?;
81    bisection.converge();
82    assert!(bisection.is_converged());
83
84    let mut classes = EquivalenceClass::new(2, 1);
85    assert!(classes.union(0, 1)?);
86
87    let mut rate_limit = RateLimit::new(1, 1, 1)?;
88    assert!(rate_limit.try_acquire());
89
90    let mut reduction = Reduction::new(vec![2, 3])?;
91    reduction.process_next()?;
92
93    let mut graph = RelationshipGraph::new(2, 1);
94    assert!(graph.add_edge(0, 1, 1)?);
95
96    let mut sampler = Sampler::new(vec![1, 1], 1);
97    sampler.sample(0)?;
98
99    let mut signal = Signal::new(0, 2, 1)?;
100    assert!(signal.set_value(1)?);
101    signal.notify(0)?;
102
103    let mut traversal = TraversalEngine::new(1, 0, 1)?;
104    traversal.visit(0)?;
105    traversal.terminate()?;
106
107    // Execution modalities.
108    let mut sequential = Sequential::new(1, 2, 0)?;
109    assert!(sequential.begin_step());
110    assert!(sequential.complete_step(1));
111
112    let mut fork_join = ForkJoin::new(1, 2, 0)?;
113    assert!(fork_join.start_worker(0));
114    assert!(fork_join.complete_worker(0, 1));
115    assert!(fork_join.barrier());
116    assert!(fork_join.produce_output());
117
118    let mut step_graph = StepGraph::new(1, vec![])?;
119    assert!(step_graph.start(0));
120    assert!(step_graph.complete(0));
121
122    let mut stream_graph = StreamGraph::new(3, 1, 1, 2)?;
123    assert!(stream_graph.ingest(1));
124    assert!(stream_graph.advance_first());
125    assert_eq!(stream_graph.consume(), Some(1));
126
127    // Connective roles.
128    let mut cursor = Cursor::new(0);
129    cursor.advance_to(1)?;
130
131    let mut accumulator = Accumulator::new(vec![1]);
132    assert_eq!(accumulator.advance(), Some(1));
133
134    let mut marker = Marker::new(false);
135    assert!(marker.set());
136
137    let mut counter = Counter::new(0);
138    assert!(counter.try_increment());
139
140    let mut buffer = Buffer::new(1);
141    assert_eq!(buffer.push(1), Ok(()));
142    assert_eq!(buffer.pop(), Some(1));
143
144    assert!(projection_consistent(true, true));
145    assert!(strictly_before(0, 1));
146
147    assert_debuggable!(
148        budget,
149        hierarchy,
150        registry,
151        hard,
152        exclusive,
153        soft,
154        ranked,
155        actuation,
156        propagation,
157        convergence,
158        audit,
159        backtracking,
160        snapshot,
161        federated,
162        bisection,
163        classes,
164        rate_limit,
165        reduction,
166        graph,
167        sampler,
168        signal,
169        traversal,
170        sequential,
171        fork_join,
172        step_graph,
173        stream_graph,
174        cursor,
175        accumulator,
176        marker,
177        counter,
178        buffer,
179    );
180
181    println!("all public automation structures constructed and exercised");
182    Ok(())
183}
Source

pub fn chain_length(&self) -> usize

Number of execution stages.

Source

pub fn capacity(&self) -> usize

Per-edge FIFO capacity.

Source

pub fn ingested(&self) -> usize

Records admitted at the source.

Source

pub fn emitted(&self) -> usize

Records consumed at the sink.

Source

pub fn first_queue_len(&self) -> usize

Current depth of the first queue.

Source

pub fn second_queue_len(&self) -> usize

Current depth of the second queue.

Source

pub fn third_queue_len(&self) -> usize

Current depth of the optional third queue.

Source

pub fn ingest(&mut self, value: u64) -> bool

Admit one source record if its value, input bound, and backpressure permit it.

Examples found in repository?
examples/catalog.rs (line 123)
20fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
21    // Primitives.
22    let mut budget = Budget::new(8);
23    assert!(budget.try_reserve(3));
24    budget.commit_reservation(3)?;
25
26    let mut hierarchy = QualityHierarchy::new(2, 2);
27    hierarchy.set_node_properties(0, 2, 1)?;
28    hierarchy.set_node_properties(1, 1, 2)?;
29    hierarchy.add_child(0, 1)?;
30
31    let mut registry = ResourceRegistry::new();
32    registry.insert(1, 10);
33    assert_eq!(registry.get(1), Some(10));
34
35    let mut hard = CompetitiveSelectionHard::new(2)?;
36    hard.update_score(0, 2)?;
37    hard.update_score(1, 1)?;
38    assert_eq!(hard.evaluate(), 0);
39
40    let mut exclusive = CompetitiveSelectionHardExclusive::new(1, 2, 2)?;
41    exclusive.update_score(0, 0, 2)?;
42    exclusive.update_score(0, 1, 1)?;
43    assert_eq!(exclusive.evaluate(0)?, 0);
44
45    let mut soft = CompetitiveSelectionSoft::begin(vec![3, 1], 4, 3)?;
46    assert_eq!(soft.assign_next()?, 0);
47
48    let mut ranked = CompetitiveSelectionRanked::new(vec![2, 1], 1, 2)?;
49    ranked.select();
50    assert_eq!(ranked.is_selected(0), Some(true));
51
52    let mut actuation = ActuationPass::new(vec![Some(7)]);
53    actuation.actuate(0)?;
54    actuation.finish()?;
55
56    let mut propagation = PropagationPass::new(1, 2, vec![], vec![0])?;
57    propagation.start_round()?;
58    propagation.update_node(0)?;
59    propagation.end_round()?;
60
61    let mut convergence = ConvergenceGovernor::new(2, 6, 2, 10)?;
62    assert_eq!(convergence.update(1)?, 1);
63
64    let mut audit = AuditSink::new(1);
65    assert!(audit.try_record(7));
66    assert!(audit.validate());
67
68    let mut backtracking = BacktrackingTraversal::new(2, 1, 0)?;
69    backtracking.descend(1, 1)?;
70    backtracking.visit()?;
71
72    // Named compositions.
73    let mut snapshot = AllocationSnapshot::new(3, 1);
74    snapshot.accept(0, 3)?;
75
76    let mut federated = FederatedBudget::new(4, 1);
77    assert!(federated.try_delegate(0, 4));
78    assert!(federated.try_allocate(0, 2));
79
80    let mut bisection = Bisection::new(4, 2)?;
81    bisection.converge();
82    assert!(bisection.is_converged());
83
84    let mut classes = EquivalenceClass::new(2, 1);
85    assert!(classes.union(0, 1)?);
86
87    let mut rate_limit = RateLimit::new(1, 1, 1)?;
88    assert!(rate_limit.try_acquire());
89
90    let mut reduction = Reduction::new(vec![2, 3])?;
91    reduction.process_next()?;
92
93    let mut graph = RelationshipGraph::new(2, 1);
94    assert!(graph.add_edge(0, 1, 1)?);
95
96    let mut sampler = Sampler::new(vec![1, 1], 1);
97    sampler.sample(0)?;
98
99    let mut signal = Signal::new(0, 2, 1)?;
100    assert!(signal.set_value(1)?);
101    signal.notify(0)?;
102
103    let mut traversal = TraversalEngine::new(1, 0, 1)?;
104    traversal.visit(0)?;
105    traversal.terminate()?;
106
107    // Execution modalities.
108    let mut sequential = Sequential::new(1, 2, 0)?;
109    assert!(sequential.begin_step());
110    assert!(sequential.complete_step(1));
111
112    let mut fork_join = ForkJoin::new(1, 2, 0)?;
113    assert!(fork_join.start_worker(0));
114    assert!(fork_join.complete_worker(0, 1));
115    assert!(fork_join.barrier());
116    assert!(fork_join.produce_output());
117
118    let mut step_graph = StepGraph::new(1, vec![])?;
119    assert!(step_graph.start(0));
120    assert!(step_graph.complete(0));
121
122    let mut stream_graph = StreamGraph::new(3, 1, 1, 2)?;
123    assert!(stream_graph.ingest(1));
124    assert!(stream_graph.advance_first());
125    assert_eq!(stream_graph.consume(), Some(1));
126
127    // Connective roles.
128    let mut cursor = Cursor::new(0);
129    cursor.advance_to(1)?;
130
131    let mut accumulator = Accumulator::new(vec![1]);
132    assert_eq!(accumulator.advance(), Some(1));
133
134    let mut marker = Marker::new(false);
135    assert!(marker.set());
136
137    let mut counter = Counter::new(0);
138    assert!(counter.try_increment());
139
140    let mut buffer = Buffer::new(1);
141    assert_eq!(buffer.push(1), Ok(()));
142    assert_eq!(buffer.pop(), Some(1));
143
144    assert!(projection_consistent(true, true));
145    assert!(strictly_before(0, 1));
146
147    assert_debuggable!(
148        budget,
149        hierarchy,
150        registry,
151        hard,
152        exclusive,
153        soft,
154        ranked,
155        actuation,
156        propagation,
157        convergence,
158        audit,
159        backtracking,
160        snapshot,
161        federated,
162        bisection,
163        classes,
164        rate_limit,
165        reduction,
166        graph,
167        sampler,
168        signal,
169        traversal,
170        sequential,
171        fork_join,
172        step_graph,
173        stream_graph,
174        cursor,
175        accumulator,
176        marker,
177        counter,
178        buffer,
179    );
180
181    println!("all public automation structures constructed and exercised");
182    Ok(())
183}
Source

pub fn advance_first(&mut self) -> bool

Transfer one FIFO record across the first internal stage.

Examples found in repository?
examples/catalog.rs (line 124)
20fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
21    // Primitives.
22    let mut budget = Budget::new(8);
23    assert!(budget.try_reserve(3));
24    budget.commit_reservation(3)?;
25
26    let mut hierarchy = QualityHierarchy::new(2, 2);
27    hierarchy.set_node_properties(0, 2, 1)?;
28    hierarchy.set_node_properties(1, 1, 2)?;
29    hierarchy.add_child(0, 1)?;
30
31    let mut registry = ResourceRegistry::new();
32    registry.insert(1, 10);
33    assert_eq!(registry.get(1), Some(10));
34
35    let mut hard = CompetitiveSelectionHard::new(2)?;
36    hard.update_score(0, 2)?;
37    hard.update_score(1, 1)?;
38    assert_eq!(hard.evaluate(), 0);
39
40    let mut exclusive = CompetitiveSelectionHardExclusive::new(1, 2, 2)?;
41    exclusive.update_score(0, 0, 2)?;
42    exclusive.update_score(0, 1, 1)?;
43    assert_eq!(exclusive.evaluate(0)?, 0);
44
45    let mut soft = CompetitiveSelectionSoft::begin(vec![3, 1], 4, 3)?;
46    assert_eq!(soft.assign_next()?, 0);
47
48    let mut ranked = CompetitiveSelectionRanked::new(vec![2, 1], 1, 2)?;
49    ranked.select();
50    assert_eq!(ranked.is_selected(0), Some(true));
51
52    let mut actuation = ActuationPass::new(vec![Some(7)]);
53    actuation.actuate(0)?;
54    actuation.finish()?;
55
56    let mut propagation = PropagationPass::new(1, 2, vec![], vec![0])?;
57    propagation.start_round()?;
58    propagation.update_node(0)?;
59    propagation.end_round()?;
60
61    let mut convergence = ConvergenceGovernor::new(2, 6, 2, 10)?;
62    assert_eq!(convergence.update(1)?, 1);
63
64    let mut audit = AuditSink::new(1);
65    assert!(audit.try_record(7));
66    assert!(audit.validate());
67
68    let mut backtracking = BacktrackingTraversal::new(2, 1, 0)?;
69    backtracking.descend(1, 1)?;
70    backtracking.visit()?;
71
72    // Named compositions.
73    let mut snapshot = AllocationSnapshot::new(3, 1);
74    snapshot.accept(0, 3)?;
75
76    let mut federated = FederatedBudget::new(4, 1);
77    assert!(federated.try_delegate(0, 4));
78    assert!(federated.try_allocate(0, 2));
79
80    let mut bisection = Bisection::new(4, 2)?;
81    bisection.converge();
82    assert!(bisection.is_converged());
83
84    let mut classes = EquivalenceClass::new(2, 1);
85    assert!(classes.union(0, 1)?);
86
87    let mut rate_limit = RateLimit::new(1, 1, 1)?;
88    assert!(rate_limit.try_acquire());
89
90    let mut reduction = Reduction::new(vec![2, 3])?;
91    reduction.process_next()?;
92
93    let mut graph = RelationshipGraph::new(2, 1);
94    assert!(graph.add_edge(0, 1, 1)?);
95
96    let mut sampler = Sampler::new(vec![1, 1], 1);
97    sampler.sample(0)?;
98
99    let mut signal = Signal::new(0, 2, 1)?;
100    assert!(signal.set_value(1)?);
101    signal.notify(0)?;
102
103    let mut traversal = TraversalEngine::new(1, 0, 1)?;
104    traversal.visit(0)?;
105    traversal.terminate()?;
106
107    // Execution modalities.
108    let mut sequential = Sequential::new(1, 2, 0)?;
109    assert!(sequential.begin_step());
110    assert!(sequential.complete_step(1));
111
112    let mut fork_join = ForkJoin::new(1, 2, 0)?;
113    assert!(fork_join.start_worker(0));
114    assert!(fork_join.complete_worker(0, 1));
115    assert!(fork_join.barrier());
116    assert!(fork_join.produce_output());
117
118    let mut step_graph = StepGraph::new(1, vec![])?;
119    assert!(step_graph.start(0));
120    assert!(step_graph.complete(0));
121
122    let mut stream_graph = StreamGraph::new(3, 1, 1, 2)?;
123    assert!(stream_graph.ingest(1));
124    assert!(stream_graph.advance_first());
125    assert_eq!(stream_graph.consume(), Some(1));
126
127    // Connective roles.
128    let mut cursor = Cursor::new(0);
129    cursor.advance_to(1)?;
130
131    let mut accumulator = Accumulator::new(vec![1]);
132    assert_eq!(accumulator.advance(), Some(1));
133
134    let mut marker = Marker::new(false);
135    assert!(marker.set());
136
137    let mut counter = Counter::new(0);
138    assert!(counter.try_increment());
139
140    let mut buffer = Buffer::new(1);
141    assert_eq!(buffer.push(1), Ok(()));
142    assert_eq!(buffer.pop(), Some(1));
143
144    assert!(projection_consistent(true, true));
145    assert!(strictly_before(0, 1));
146
147    assert_debuggable!(
148        budget,
149        hierarchy,
150        registry,
151        hard,
152        exclusive,
153        soft,
154        ranked,
155        actuation,
156        propagation,
157        convergence,
158        audit,
159        backtracking,
160        snapshot,
161        federated,
162        bisection,
163        classes,
164        rate_limit,
165        reduction,
166        graph,
167        sampler,
168        signal,
169        traversal,
170        sequential,
171        fork_join,
172        step_graph,
173        stream_graph,
174        cursor,
175        accumulator,
176        marker,
177        counter,
178        buffer,
179    );
180
181    println!("all public automation structures constructed and exercised");
182    Ok(())
183}
Source

pub fn advance_second(&mut self) -> bool

Transfer one FIFO record across the optional four-stage link.

Source

pub fn consume(&mut self) -> Option<u64>

Consume and return the next FIFO record at the sink.

Examples found in repository?
examples/catalog.rs (line 125)
20fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
21    // Primitives.
22    let mut budget = Budget::new(8);
23    assert!(budget.try_reserve(3));
24    budget.commit_reservation(3)?;
25
26    let mut hierarchy = QualityHierarchy::new(2, 2);
27    hierarchy.set_node_properties(0, 2, 1)?;
28    hierarchy.set_node_properties(1, 1, 2)?;
29    hierarchy.add_child(0, 1)?;
30
31    let mut registry = ResourceRegistry::new();
32    registry.insert(1, 10);
33    assert_eq!(registry.get(1), Some(10));
34
35    let mut hard = CompetitiveSelectionHard::new(2)?;
36    hard.update_score(0, 2)?;
37    hard.update_score(1, 1)?;
38    assert_eq!(hard.evaluate(), 0);
39
40    let mut exclusive = CompetitiveSelectionHardExclusive::new(1, 2, 2)?;
41    exclusive.update_score(0, 0, 2)?;
42    exclusive.update_score(0, 1, 1)?;
43    assert_eq!(exclusive.evaluate(0)?, 0);
44
45    let mut soft = CompetitiveSelectionSoft::begin(vec![3, 1], 4, 3)?;
46    assert_eq!(soft.assign_next()?, 0);
47
48    let mut ranked = CompetitiveSelectionRanked::new(vec![2, 1], 1, 2)?;
49    ranked.select();
50    assert_eq!(ranked.is_selected(0), Some(true));
51
52    let mut actuation = ActuationPass::new(vec![Some(7)]);
53    actuation.actuate(0)?;
54    actuation.finish()?;
55
56    let mut propagation = PropagationPass::new(1, 2, vec![], vec![0])?;
57    propagation.start_round()?;
58    propagation.update_node(0)?;
59    propagation.end_round()?;
60
61    let mut convergence = ConvergenceGovernor::new(2, 6, 2, 10)?;
62    assert_eq!(convergence.update(1)?, 1);
63
64    let mut audit = AuditSink::new(1);
65    assert!(audit.try_record(7));
66    assert!(audit.validate());
67
68    let mut backtracking = BacktrackingTraversal::new(2, 1, 0)?;
69    backtracking.descend(1, 1)?;
70    backtracking.visit()?;
71
72    // Named compositions.
73    let mut snapshot = AllocationSnapshot::new(3, 1);
74    snapshot.accept(0, 3)?;
75
76    let mut federated = FederatedBudget::new(4, 1);
77    assert!(federated.try_delegate(0, 4));
78    assert!(federated.try_allocate(0, 2));
79
80    let mut bisection = Bisection::new(4, 2)?;
81    bisection.converge();
82    assert!(bisection.is_converged());
83
84    let mut classes = EquivalenceClass::new(2, 1);
85    assert!(classes.union(0, 1)?);
86
87    let mut rate_limit = RateLimit::new(1, 1, 1)?;
88    assert!(rate_limit.try_acquire());
89
90    let mut reduction = Reduction::new(vec![2, 3])?;
91    reduction.process_next()?;
92
93    let mut graph = RelationshipGraph::new(2, 1);
94    assert!(graph.add_edge(0, 1, 1)?);
95
96    let mut sampler = Sampler::new(vec![1, 1], 1);
97    sampler.sample(0)?;
98
99    let mut signal = Signal::new(0, 2, 1)?;
100    assert!(signal.set_value(1)?);
101    signal.notify(0)?;
102
103    let mut traversal = TraversalEngine::new(1, 0, 1)?;
104    traversal.visit(0)?;
105    traversal.terminate()?;
106
107    // Execution modalities.
108    let mut sequential = Sequential::new(1, 2, 0)?;
109    assert!(sequential.begin_step());
110    assert!(sequential.complete_step(1));
111
112    let mut fork_join = ForkJoin::new(1, 2, 0)?;
113    assert!(fork_join.start_worker(0));
114    assert!(fork_join.complete_worker(0, 1));
115    assert!(fork_join.barrier());
116    assert!(fork_join.produce_output());
117
118    let mut step_graph = StepGraph::new(1, vec![])?;
119    assert!(step_graph.start(0));
120    assert!(step_graph.complete(0));
121
122    let mut stream_graph = StreamGraph::new(3, 1, 1, 2)?;
123    assert!(stream_graph.ingest(1));
124    assert!(stream_graph.advance_first());
125    assert_eq!(stream_graph.consume(), Some(1));
126
127    // Connective roles.
128    let mut cursor = Cursor::new(0);
129    cursor.advance_to(1)?;
130
131    let mut accumulator = Accumulator::new(vec![1]);
132    assert_eq!(accumulator.advance(), Some(1));
133
134    let mut marker = Marker::new(false);
135    assert!(marker.set());
136
137    let mut counter = Counter::new(0);
138    assert!(counter.try_increment());
139
140    let mut buffer = Buffer::new(1);
141    assert_eq!(buffer.push(1), Ok(()));
142    assert_eq!(buffer.pop(), Some(1));
143
144    assert!(projection_consistent(true, true));
145    assert!(strictly_before(0, 1));
146
147    assert_debuggable!(
148        budget,
149        hierarchy,
150        registry,
151        hard,
152        exclusive,
153        soft,
154        ranked,
155        actuation,
156        propagation,
157        convergence,
158        audit,
159        backtracking,
160        snapshot,
161        federated,
162        bisection,
163        classes,
164        rate_limit,
165        reduction,
166        graph,
167        sampler,
168        signal,
169        traversal,
170        sequential,
171        fork_join,
172        step_graph,
173        stream_graph,
174        cursor,
175        accumulator,
176        marker,
177        counter,
178        buffer,
179    );
180
181    println!("all public automation structures constructed and exercised");
182    Ok(())
183}
Source

pub fn is_done(&self) -> bool

Whether the input bound is reached and every queue is drained.

Trait Implementations§

Source§

impl Debug for StreamGraph

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fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

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impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

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fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
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impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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impl<T, U> TryFrom<U> for T
where U: Into<T>,

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type Error = !

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
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impl<T, U> TryInto<U> for T
where U: TryFrom<T>,

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type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.