Enum Error 

#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum Error {
    RateLimited {
        retry_after: Option<Duration>,
    },
    QuotaExhausted {
        resets_at: Option<Timestamp>,
    },
    Network(Source),
    Timeout,
    Server {
        status: u16,
        message: Option<String>,
    },
    CircuitOpen {
        until: Option<Timestamp>,
    },
    AuthRejected {
        message: Option<String>,
    },
    NotFound,
    BadRequest(String),
    Unsupported(&'static str),
    Decode(Source),
    InvalidId(IdError),
}

Variants (Non-exhaustive)

Non-exhaustive enums could have additional variants added in future. Therefore, when matching against variants of non-exhaustive enums, an extra wildcard arm must be added to account for any future variants.

RateLimited

Too many requests right now; back off and retry.

Fields

retry_after: Option<Duration>

QuotaExhausted

The provider’s usage budget (e.g. OpenAlex daily credits) is spent. Not retryable until resets_at; fall back to other providers.

Fields

resets_at: Option<Timestamp>

Network(Source)

Timeout

Server

Fields

status: u16

message: Option<String>

CircuitOpen

The engine’s circuit breaker for this provider is open.

Fields

until: Option<Timestamp>

AuthRejected

Credentials missing, invalid or not yet activated. Retrying won’t help.

Fields

message: Option<String>

NotFound

The addressed entity doesn’t exist at this provider. Batch lookups report per-item absence in their result instead.

BadRequest(String)

The provider rejected the request as malformed.

Unsupported(&'static str)

The provider doesn’t offer this operation or identifier kind.

Decode(Source)

The response arrived but couldn’t be understood.

InvalidId(IdError)

Implementations

impl Error

pub fn network(e: impl Error + Send + Sync + 'static) -> Self

pub fn decode(e: impl Error + Send + Sync + 'static) -> Self

pub fn is_retryable(&self) -> bool

Whether retrying the same request against the same provider, after backoff, could plausibly succeed.

pub fn trips_breaker(&self) -> bool

Whether this failure counts towards opening the circuit breaker. Rate limiting is handled by backoff and does not count.

pub fn category(&self) -> ErrorCategory

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for Error

fn clone(&self) -> Self

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for Error

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Display for Error

fn fmt(&self, __formatter: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Error for Error

fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>

Returns the lower-level source of this error, if any.

fn description(&self) -> &str

👎Deprecated since 1.42.0:

use the Display impl or to_string()

fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>

👎Deprecated since 1.33.0:

replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting

fn provide<'a>(&'a self, request: &mut Request<'a>)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (error_generic_member_access)

Provides type-based access to context intended for error reports.

impl From<IdError> for Error

fn from(source: IdError) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.