Crate architect_schemars
source ·Expand description
Generate JSON Schema documents from Rust code
Basic Usage
If you don’t really care about the specifics, the easiest way to generate a JSON schema for your types is to #[derive(JsonSchema)]
and use the schema_for!
macro. All fields of the type must also implement JsonSchema
- Schemars implements this for many standard library types.
use schemars::{schema_for, JsonSchema};
#[derive(JsonSchema)]
pub struct MyStruct {
pub my_int: i32,
pub my_bool: bool,
pub my_nullable_enum: Option<MyEnum>,
}
#[derive(JsonSchema)]
pub enum MyEnum {
StringNewType(String),
StructVariant { floats: Vec<f32> },
}
let schema = schema_for!(MyStruct);
println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&schema).unwrap());
Click to see the output JSON schema...
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"title": "MyStruct",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"my_bool",
"my_int"
],
"properties": {
"my_bool": {
"type": "boolean"
},
"my_int": {
"type": "integer",
"format": "int32"
},
"my_nullable_enum": {
"anyOf": [
{
"$ref": "#/definitions/MyEnum"
},
{
"type": "null"
}
]
}
},
"definitions": {
"MyEnum": {
"anyOf": [
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"StringNewType"
],
"properties": {
"StringNewType": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"additionalProperties": false
},
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"StructVariant"
],
"properties": {
"StructVariant": {
"type": "object",
"required": [
"floats"
],
"properties": {
"floats": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "number",
"format": "float"
}
}
}
}
},
"additionalProperties": false
}
]
}
}
}
Serde Compatibility
One of the main aims of this library is compatibility with Serde. Any generated schema should match how serde_json would serialize/deserialize to/from JSON. To support this, Schemars will check for any #[serde(...)]
attributes on types that derive JsonSchema
, and adjust the generated schema accordingly.
use schemars::{schema_for, JsonSchema};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, JsonSchema)]
#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", deny_unknown_fields)]
pub struct MyStruct {
#[serde(rename = "myNumber")]
pub my_int: i32,
pub my_bool: bool,
#[serde(default)]
pub my_nullable_enum: Option<MyEnum>,
}
#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, JsonSchema)]
#[serde(untagged)]
pub enum MyEnum {
StringNewType(String),
StructVariant { floats: Vec<f32> },
}
let schema = schema_for!(MyStruct);
println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&schema).unwrap());
Click to see the output JSON schema...
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"title": "MyStruct",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"myBool",
"myNumber"
],
"properties": {
"myBool": {
"type": "boolean"
},
"myNullableEnum": {
"default": null,
"anyOf": [
{
"$ref": "#/definitions/MyEnum"
},
{
"type": "null"
}
]
},
"myNumber": {
"type": "integer",
"format": "int32"
}
},
"additionalProperties": false,
"definitions": {
"MyEnum": {
"anyOf": [
{
"type": "string"
},
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"floats"
],
"properties": {
"floats": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "number",
"format": "float"
}
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
#[serde(...)]
attributes can be overriden using #[schemars(...)]
attributes, which behave identically (e.g. #[schemars(rename_all = "camelCase")]
). You may find this useful if you want to change the generated schema without affecting Serde’s behaviour, or if you’re just not using Serde.
Schema from Example Value
If you want a schema for a type that can’t/doesn’t implement JsonSchema
, but does implement serde::Serialize
, then you can generate a JSON schema from a value of that type. However, this schema will generally be less precise than if the type implemented JsonSchema
- particularly when it involves enums, since schemars will not make any assumptions about the structure of an enum based on a single variant.
use schemars::schema_for_value;
use serde::Serialize;
#[derive(Serialize)]
pub struct MyStruct {
pub my_int: i32,
pub my_bool: bool,
pub my_nullable_enum: Option<MyEnum>,
}
#[derive(Serialize)]
pub enum MyEnum {
StringNewType(String),
StructVariant { floats: Vec<f32> },
}
let schema = schema_for_value!(MyStruct {
my_int: 123,
my_bool: true,
my_nullable_enum: Some(MyEnum::StringNewType("foo".to_string()))
});
println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&schema).unwrap());
Click to see the output JSON schema...
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"title": "MyStruct",
"examples": [
{
"my_bool": true,
"my_int": 123,
"my_nullable_enum": {
"StringNewType": "foo"
}
}
],
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"my_bool": {
"type": "boolean"
},
"my_int": {
"type": "integer"
},
"my_nullable_enum": true
}
}
Feature Flags
derive
(enabled by default) - provides#[derive(JsonSchema)]
macroimpl_json_schema
- implementsJsonSchema
for Schemars types themselvespreserve_order
- keep the order of struct fields inSchema
andSchemaObject
Schemars can implement JsonSchema
on types from several popular crates, enabled via feature flags (dependency versions are shown in brackets):
chrono
- chrono (^0.4)indexmap1
- indexmap (^1.2)either
- either (^1.3)uuid08
- uuid (^0.8)uuid1
- uuid (^1.0)smallvec
- smallvec (^1.0)arrayvec05
- arrayvec (^0.5)arrayvec07
- arrayvec (^0.7)url
- url (^2.0)bytes
- bytes (^1.0)enumset
- enumset (^1.0)rust_decimal
- rust_decimal (^1.0)bigdecimal
- bigdecimal (^0.3)smol_str
- smol_str (^0.1.17)
For example, to implement JsonSchema
on types from chrono
, enable it as a feature in the schemars
dependency in your Cargo.toml
like so:
[dependencies]
schemars = { version = "0.8", features = ["chrono"] }
Modules
- JSON Schema generator and settings.
- JSON Schema types.
- Contains the
Visitor
trait, used to recursively modify a constructed schema and its subschemas.
Macros
- Generates a
RootSchema
for the given type using default settings. - Generates a
RootSchema
for the given example value using default settings.
Traits
- A type which can be described as a JSON Schema document.
Type Definitions
- The set type used by schemars types.