yaml_edit/

schema.rs

//! YAML Schema validation support
//!
//! This module provides schema validation for YAML documents, supporting
//! the standard YAML schemas: Failsafe, JSON, and Core.

use crate::scalar::{ScalarType, ScalarValue};
use crate::yaml::{Document, Mapping, Scalar, Sequence, TaggedNode};

/// Specific type of validation error that occurred
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ValidationErrorKind {
    /// A scalar type is not allowed in the current schema
    TypeNotAllowed {
        /// The scalar type that was found
        found_type: ScalarType,
        /// The types that are allowed in this schema
        allowed_types: Vec<ScalarType>,
    },
    /// Custom validation constraint failed
    CustomConstraintFailed {
        /// The constraint that failed
        constraint_name: String,
        /// The actual value that failed validation
        actual_value: String,
    },
    /// Type coercion failed
    CoercionFailed {
        /// The type that was found
        from_type: ScalarType,
        /// The types that coercion was attempted to
        to_types: Vec<ScalarType>,
    },
}

/// Error that occurs during schema validation
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct ValidationError {
    /// The specific kind of validation error
    pub kind: ValidationErrorKind,
    /// Path to the node that failed validation (e.g., "root.items\[0\].name")
    pub path: String,
    /// Name of the schema that was being validated against
    pub schema_name: String,
}

impl ValidationError {
    /// Create a new type not allowed error
    pub fn type_not_allowed(
        path: impl Into<String>,
        schema_name: impl Into<String>,
        found_type: ScalarType,
        allowed_types: Vec<ScalarType>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            kind: ValidationErrorKind::TypeNotAllowed {
                found_type,
                allowed_types,
            },
            path: path.into(),
            schema_name: schema_name.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Create a new custom constraint failed error
    pub fn custom_constraint_failed(
        path: impl Into<String>,
        schema_name: impl Into<String>,
        constraint_name: impl Into<String>,
        actual_value: impl Into<String>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            kind: ValidationErrorKind::CustomConstraintFailed {
                constraint_name: constraint_name.into(),
                actual_value: actual_value.into(),
            },
            path: path.into(),
            schema_name: schema_name.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Create a new coercion failed error
    pub fn coercion_failed(
        path: impl Into<String>,
        schema_name: impl Into<String>,
        from_type: ScalarType,
        to_types: Vec<ScalarType>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            kind: ValidationErrorKind::CoercionFailed {
                from_type,
                to_types,
            },
            path: path.into(),
            schema_name: schema_name.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Get a human-readable error message
    pub fn message(&self) -> String {
        match &self.kind {
            ValidationErrorKind::TypeNotAllowed {
                found_type,
                allowed_types,
            } => {
                format!(
                    "type {:?} not allowed in {} schema, expected one of {:?}",
                    found_type, self.schema_name, allowed_types
                )
            }
            ValidationErrorKind::CustomConstraintFailed {
                constraint_name,
                actual_value,
            } => {
                format!(
                    "custom constraint '{}' failed for value '{}'",
                    constraint_name, actual_value
                )
            }
            ValidationErrorKind::CoercionFailed {
                from_type,
                to_types,
            } => {
                format!(
                    "cannot coerce {:?} to any of {:?} in {} schema",
                    from_type, to_types, self.schema_name
                )
            }
        }
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Display for ValidationError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Validation error at {}: {}", self.path, self.message())
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for ValidationError {}

/// Result type for schema validation operations
pub type ValidationResult<T> = Result<T, Vec<ValidationError>>;

/// Result of a custom validation function
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum CustomValidationResult {
    /// Validation passed
    Valid,
    /// Validation failed with a specific constraint name and reason
    Invalid {
        /// Name of the constraint that failed (e.g., "email_format", "port_range")
        constraint: String,
        /// Human-readable reason for failure
        reason: String,
    },
}

impl CustomValidationResult {
    /// Create a validation failure
    pub fn invalid(constraint: impl Into<String>, reason: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        Self::Invalid {
            constraint: constraint.into(),
            reason: reason.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Check if validation passed
    pub fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::Valid)
    }

    /// Check if validation failed
    pub fn is_invalid(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::Invalid { .. })
    }
}

/// Custom validation function for scalar values
///
/// Takes (value, path) and returns CustomValidationResult
pub type CustomValidator = Box<dyn Fn(&str, &str) -> CustomValidationResult + Send + Sync>;

/// Custom schema definition with user-defined validation rules
pub struct CustomSchema {
    /// Schema name for error messages
    pub name: String,
    /// Allowed scalar types in this schema
    pub allowed_types: Vec<ScalarType>,
    /// Custom validation functions by type
    pub custom_validators: std::collections::HashMap<ScalarType, CustomValidator>,
    /// Whether to allow type coercion
    pub allow_coercion: bool,
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for CustomSchema {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("CustomSchema")
            .field("name", &self.name)
            .field("allowed_types", &self.allowed_types)
            .field("allow_coercion", &self.allow_coercion)
            .field(
                "validators",
                &format!("<{} validators>", self.custom_validators.len()),
            )
            .finish()
    }
}

impl CustomSchema {
    /// Create a new custom schema
    pub fn new(name: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        Self {
            name: name.into(),
            allowed_types: Vec::new(),
            custom_validators: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
            allow_coercion: true,
        }
    }

    /// Allow a specific scalar type
    pub fn allow_type(mut self, scalar_type: ScalarType) -> Self {
        if !self.allowed_types.contains(&scalar_type) {
            self.allowed_types.push(scalar_type);
        }
        self
    }

    /// Allow multiple scalar types
    pub fn allow_types(mut self, types: &[ScalarType]) -> Self {
        for &scalar_type in types {
            if !self.allowed_types.contains(&scalar_type) {
                self.allowed_types.push(scalar_type);
            }
        }
        self
    }

    /// Add a custom validator for a specific type
    pub fn with_validator<F>(mut self, scalar_type: ScalarType, validator: F) -> Self
    where
        F: Fn(&str, &str) -> CustomValidationResult + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        self.custom_validators
            .insert(scalar_type, Box::new(validator));
        self
    }

    /// Disable type coercion for strict validation
    pub fn strict(mut self) -> Self {
        self.allow_coercion = false;
        self
    }

    /// Check if a scalar type is allowed
    pub fn allows_type(&self, scalar_type: ScalarType) -> bool {
        self.allowed_types.contains(&scalar_type)
    }

    /// Validate a scalar value with custom rules
    pub fn validate_scalar(&self, content: &str, path: &str) -> Result<(), ValidationError> {
        let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(content.trim());
        let scalar_type = scalar_value.scalar_type();

        // Check if type is allowed
        if !self.allows_type(scalar_type) {
            if self.allow_coercion {
                // Try coercion to allowed types
                let mut coerced = false;
                for &allowed_type in &self.allowed_types {
                    if scalar_value.coerce_to_type(allowed_type).is_some() {
                        coerced = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if !coerced {
                    return Err(ValidationError::coercion_failed(
                        path,
                        &self.name,
                        scalar_type,
                        self.allowed_types.clone(),
                    ));
                }
            } else {
                return Err(ValidationError::type_not_allowed(
                    path,
                    &self.name,
                    scalar_type,
                    self.allowed_types.clone(),
                ));
            }
        }

        // Run custom validator if present
        if let Some(validator) = self.custom_validators.get(&scalar_type) {
            let result = validator(content.trim(), path);
            if let CustomValidationResult::Invalid { constraint, reason } = result {
                return Err(ValidationError::custom_constraint_failed(
                    path,
                    &self.name,
                    format!("{}: {}", constraint, reason),
                    content.trim(),
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }
}

/// YAML Schema types as defined in YAML 1.2 specification
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum Schema {
    /// Failsafe schema - only strings, sequences, and mappings
    Failsafe,
    /// JSON schema - JSON-compatible types only
    Json,
    /// Core schema - full YAML 1.2 type system
    Core,
    /// User-defined custom schema
    Custom(CustomSchema),
}

impl PartialEq for Schema {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
        match (self, other) {
            (Schema::Failsafe, Schema::Failsafe) => true,
            (Schema::Json, Schema::Json) => true,
            (Schema::Core, Schema::Core) => true,
            (Schema::Custom(a), Schema::Custom(b)) => a.name == b.name,
            _ => false,
        }
    }
}

impl Schema {
    /// Get the name of this schema
    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
        match self {
            Schema::Failsafe => "failsafe",
            Schema::Json => "json",
            Schema::Core => "core",
            Schema::Custom(custom) => &custom.name,
        }
    }

    /// Check if a scalar type is allowed in this schema
    pub fn allows_scalar_type(&self, scalar_type: ScalarType) -> bool {
        match self {
            Schema::Failsafe => matches!(scalar_type, ScalarType::String),
            Schema::Json => matches!(
                scalar_type,
                ScalarType::String
                    | ScalarType::Integer
                    | ScalarType::Float
                    | ScalarType::Boolean
                    | ScalarType::Null
            ),
            Schema::Core => true, // Core schema allows all types
            Schema::Custom(custom) => custom.allows_type(scalar_type),
        }
    }

    /// Get the allowed scalar types for this schema
    pub fn allowed_scalar_types(&self) -> Vec<ScalarType> {
        match self {
            Schema::Failsafe => vec![ScalarType::String],
            Schema::Json => vec![
                ScalarType::String,
                ScalarType::Integer,
                ScalarType::Float,
                ScalarType::Boolean,
                ScalarType::Null,
            ],
            Schema::Core => vec![
                ScalarType::String,
                ScalarType::Integer,
                ScalarType::Float,
                ScalarType::Boolean,
                ScalarType::Null,
                #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
                ScalarType::Binary,
                ScalarType::Timestamp,
                ScalarType::Regex,
            ],
            Schema::Custom(custom) => custom.allowed_types.clone(),
        }
    }
}

/// Schema validator for YAML documents
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct SchemaValidator {
    schema: Schema,
    strict: bool,
}

impl SchemaValidator {
    /// Create a new schema validator
    pub fn new(schema: Schema) -> Self {
        Self {
            schema,
            strict: false,
        }
    }

    /// Create a failsafe schema validator
    pub fn failsafe() -> Self {
        Self::new(Schema::Failsafe)
    }

    /// Create a JSON schema validator  
    pub fn json() -> Self {
        Self::new(Schema::Json)
    }

    /// Create a core schema validator
    pub fn core() -> Self {
        Self::new(Schema::Core)
    }

    /// Create a validator for a custom schema
    pub fn custom(schema: CustomSchema) -> Self {
        Self::new(Schema::Custom(schema))
    }

    /// Enable strict mode - disallow type coercion
    pub fn strict(mut self) -> Self {
        self.strict = true;
        self
    }

    /// Get the schema type
    pub fn schema(&self) -> &Schema {
        &self.schema
    }

    /// Validate a YAML document against the schema
    pub fn validate(&self, document: &Document) -> ValidationResult<()> {
        let mut errors = Vec::new();
        self.validate_document(document, "root", &mut errors);

        if errors.is_empty() {
            Ok(())
        } else {
            Err(errors)
        }
    }

    /// Validate a document node
    fn validate_document(
        &self,
        document: &Document,
        path: &str,
        errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>,
    ) {
        if let Some(scalar) = document.as_scalar() {
            self.validate_scalar(&scalar, path, errors);
        } else if let Some(sequence) = document.as_sequence() {
            self.validate_sequence(&sequence, path, errors);
        } else if let Some(mapping) = document.as_mapping() {
            self.validate_mapping(&mapping, path, errors);
        }
        // If none match, it might be empty or null - that's generally allowed
    }

    /// Validate a scalar value
    fn validate_scalar(&self, scalar: &Scalar, path: &str, errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>) {
        let content = scalar.as_string();

        // Handle custom schema validation differently
        if let Schema::Custom(custom_schema) = &self.schema {
            if let Err(error) = custom_schema.validate_scalar(&content, path) {
                errors.push(error);
            }
            return;
        }

        // Standard schema validation
        let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(content.trim());
        let scalar_type = scalar_value.scalar_type();

        if !self.schema.allows_scalar_type(scalar_type) {
            // Try type coercion if not in strict mode
            if !self.strict {
                let allowed_types = self.schema.allowed_scalar_types();
                let mut coercion_successful = false;

                for allowed_type in allowed_types {
                    if scalar_value.coerce_to_type(allowed_type).is_some() {
                        coercion_successful = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if !coercion_successful {
                    errors.push(ValidationError::coercion_failed(
                        path,
                        self.schema.name(),
                        scalar_type,
                        self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
                    ));
                }
            } else {
                errors.push(ValidationError::type_not_allowed(
                    path,
                    self.schema.name(),
                    scalar_type,
                    self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
                ));
            }
        }
    }

    /// Validate a sequence
    fn validate_sequence(&self, seq: &Sequence, path: &str, errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>) {
        for (i, item) in seq.items().enumerate() {
            let item_path = format!("{}[{}]", path, i);
            self.validate_node(&item, &item_path, errors);
        }
    }

    /// Validate a mapping  
    fn validate_mapping(&self, map: &Mapping, path: &str, errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>) {
        for (key_node, value_node) in map.pairs() {
            // Get the key name; KEY node wraps the actual content
            let key_name = key_node.text().to_string().trim().to_string();

            // Keys in YAML are typically strings and don't need schema validation
            // The schema applies to the values, not the keys
            let value_path = format!("{}.{}", path, key_name);
            self.validate_node(&value_node, &value_path, errors);
        }
    }

    /// Validate a syntax node (could be scalar, sequence, or mapping)
    fn validate_node(
        &self,
        node: &rowan::SyntaxNode<crate::yaml::Lang>,
        path: &str,
        errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>,
    ) {
        use crate::yaml::{extract_mapping, extract_scalar, extract_sequence, extract_tagged_node};

        // Use smart extraction to handle wrapper nodes automatically
        if let Some(scalar) = extract_scalar(node) {
            self.validate_scalar(&scalar, path, errors);
        } else if let Some(tagged_node) = extract_tagged_node(node) {
            self.validate_tagged_node(&tagged_node, path, errors);
        } else if let Some(sequence) = extract_sequence(node) {
            self.validate_sequence(&sequence, path, errors);
        } else if let Some(mapping) = extract_mapping(node) {
            self.validate_mapping(&mapping, path, errors);
        }
        // If none match, it might be a different node type - skip validation
    }

    /// Validate a tagged scalar value (e.g., !!timestamp, !!regex)
    fn validate_tagged_node(
        &self,
        tagged_node: &TaggedNode,
        path: &str,
        errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>,
    ) {
        // Handle custom schema validation
        if let Schema::Custom(custom_schema) = &self.schema {
            let content = tagged_node.to_string();
            if let Err(error) = custom_schema.validate_scalar(&content, path) {
                errors.push(error);
            }
            return;
        }

        // Standard tagged scalar validation
        let scalar_type = self.get_tagged_node_type(tagged_node);

        if !self.schema.allows_scalar_type(scalar_type) {
            // For tagged scalars, we can't coerce them to other types since they have explicit type information
            errors.push(ValidationError::type_not_allowed(
                path,
                self.schema.name(),
                scalar_type,
                self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
            ));
        }
    }

    /// Determine the scalar type from a tagged scalar
    fn get_tagged_node_type(&self, tagged_node: &TaggedNode) -> ScalarType {
        match tagged_node.tag().as_deref() {
            Some("!!timestamp") => ScalarType::Timestamp,
            Some("!!regex") => ScalarType::Regex,
            Some("!!binary") => {
                #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
                return ScalarType::Binary;
                #[cfg(not(feature = "base64"))]
                return ScalarType::String;
            }
            _ => ScalarType::String,
        }
    }

    /// Check if a document can be coerced to match the schema
    pub fn can_coerce(&self, document: &Document) -> ValidationResult<()> {
        if self.strict {
            return self.validate(document);
        }

        let mut errors = Vec::new();
        self.check_coercion(document, "root", &mut errors);

        if errors.is_empty() {
            Ok(())
        } else {
            Err(errors)
        }
    }

    /// Check if a document can be coerced to match the schema
    fn check_coercion(&self, document: &Document, path: &str, errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>) {
        if let Some(scalar) = document.as_scalar() {
            let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(scalar.as_string().trim());
            let scalar_type = scalar_value.scalar_type();

            if !self.schema.allows_scalar_type(scalar_type) {
                // Try to coerce to an allowed type
                let allowed_types = self.schema.allowed_scalar_types();
                let mut coerced = false;

                for allowed_type in allowed_types {
                    if scalar_value.coerce_to_type(allowed_type).is_some() {
                        coerced = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if !coerced {
                    errors.push(ValidationError::coercion_failed(
                        path,
                        self.schema.name(),
                        scalar_type,
                        self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
                    ));
                }
            }
        } else if let Some(sequence) = document.as_sequence() {
            // Recursively check sequence items for coercion
            for (i, item) in sequence.items().enumerate() {
                let item_path = format!("{}[{}]", path, i);
                self.check_coercion_node(&item, &item_path, errors);
            }
        } else if let Some(mapping) = document.as_mapping() {
            // Recursively check mapping key-value pairs for coercion
            for (key_node, value_node) in mapping.pairs() {
                let key_name = key_node.text().to_string().trim().to_string();
                let value_path = format!("{}.{}", path, key_name);
                self.check_coercion_node(&value_node, &value_path, errors);
            }
        }
    }

    /// Check coercion for a generic syntax node
    fn check_coercion_node(
        &self,
        node: &rowan::SyntaxNode<crate::yaml::Lang>,
        path: &str,
        errors: &mut Vec<ValidationError>,
    ) {
        use crate::yaml::{extract_mapping, extract_scalar, extract_sequence, extract_tagged_node};

        // Use smart extraction to handle wrapper nodes automatically
        if let Some(scalar) = extract_scalar(node) {
            let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(scalar.as_string().trim());
            let scalar_type = scalar_value.scalar_type();

            if !self.schema.allows_scalar_type(scalar_type) {
                let allowed_types = self.schema.allowed_scalar_types();
                let mut coerced = false;

                for allowed_type in allowed_types {
                    if scalar_value.coerce_to_type(allowed_type).is_some() {
                        coerced = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if !coerced {
                    errors.push(ValidationError::coercion_failed(
                        path,
                        self.schema.name(),
                        scalar_type,
                        self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
                    ));
                }
            }
        } else if let Some(tagged_node) = extract_tagged_node(node) {
            let scalar_type = self.get_tagged_node_type(&tagged_node);

            if !self.schema.allows_scalar_type(scalar_type) {
                // Tagged scalars generally can't be coerced since they have explicit type info
                errors.push(ValidationError::type_not_allowed(
                    path,
                    self.schema.name(),
                    scalar_type,
                    self.schema.allowed_scalar_types(),
                ));
            }
        } else if let Some(sequence) = extract_sequence(node) {
            for (i, item) in sequence.items().enumerate() {
                let item_path = format!("{}[{}]", path, i);
                self.check_coercion_node(&item, &item_path, errors);
            }
        } else if let Some(mapping) = extract_mapping(node) {
            for (key_node, value_node) in mapping.pairs() {
                let key_name = key_node.text().to_string().trim().to_string();
                let value_path = format!("{}.{}", path, key_name);
                self.check_coercion_node(&value_node, &value_path, errors);
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::yaml::Document;
    use rowan::ast::AstNode;

    #[test]
    fn test_schema_names() {
        assert_eq!(Schema::Failsafe.name(), "failsafe");
        assert_eq!(Schema::Json.name(), "json");
        assert_eq!(Schema::Core.name(), "core");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_failsafe_schema_allows_only_strings() {
        let schema = Schema::Failsafe;

        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Binary));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Regex));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_json_schema_allows_json_types() {
        let schema = Schema::Json;

        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Binary));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp));
        assert!(!schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Regex));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_core_schema_allows_all_types() {
        let schema = Schema::Core;

        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Binary));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp));
        assert!(schema.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Regex));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validator_creation() {
        let failsafe = SchemaValidator::failsafe();
        assert_eq!(*failsafe.schema(), Schema::Failsafe);
        assert!(!failsafe.strict);

        let json = SchemaValidator::json();
        assert_eq!(*json.schema(), Schema::Json);

        let core = SchemaValidator::core();
        assert_eq!(*core.schema(), Schema::Core);

        let strict_validator = SchemaValidator::json().strict();
        assert!(strict_validator.strict);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validation_error_display() {
        let error = ValidationError::type_not_allowed(
            "root.items[0]",
            "test-schema",
            ScalarType::Integer,
            vec![ScalarType::String],
        );

        assert_eq!(
            format!("{}", error),
            "Validation error at root.items[0]: type Integer not allowed in test-schema schema, expected one of [String]"
        );
    }

    fn create_test_document(content: &str) -> Document {
        use crate::yaml::YamlFile;
        let parsed = content
            .parse::<YamlFile>()
            .expect("Failed to parse test YAML");
        parsed.document().expect("Expected a document")
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_failsafe_validation_success() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
name: "John Doe"
items:
  - "item1"
  - "item2"
nested:
  key: "value"
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe();

        assert!(validator.validate(&document).is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_json_validation_success() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
name: "John Doe"
age: 30
height: 5.9
active: true
metadata: null
items:
  - "item1"
  - 42
  - true
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::json();

        assert!(validator.validate(&document).is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_core_validation_success() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
name: "John Doe" 
age: 30
birth_date: !!timestamp "2001-12-15T02:59:43.1Z"
pattern: !!regex '\d{3}-\d{4}'
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::core();

        assert!(validator.validate(&document).is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_failsafe_validation_failure() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
name: "John"
age: 30
active: true
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();

        let result = validator.validate(&document);
        // Should fail because age (integer) and active (boolean) are not allowed in failsafe schema
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());

        // Should have errors for integer and boolean types
        assert!(errors.iter().all(|e| e.schema_name == "failsafe"));
        assert!(errors
            .iter()
            .all(|e| matches!(&e.kind, ValidationErrorKind::TypeNotAllowed { .. })));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_json_validation_with_yaml_specific_types() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
timestamp: !!timestamp "2023-12-25T10:30:45Z"
pattern: !!regex '\d+'
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::json().strict();

        let result = validator.validate(&document);

        // Debug: Check what types are detected
        if result.is_ok() {
            println!("JSON validation unexpectedly passed!");

            println!("Document is mapping: {}", document.as_mapping().is_some());
            println!("Document is sequence: {}", document.as_sequence().is_some());
            println!("Document is scalar: {}", document.as_scalar().is_some());

            if let Some(mapping) = document.as_mapping() {
                println!("Mapping has {} pairs", mapping.pairs().count());
                for (key, value) in mapping.pairs() {
                    if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::cast(value.clone()) {
                        let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(scalar.as_string().trim());
                        println!(
                            "JSON test - Key '{}' -> Value: '{}' -> Type: {:?}",
                            key.text().to_string().trim(),
                            scalar.as_string().trim(),
                            scalar_value.scalar_type()
                        );
                    } else {
                        println!(
                            "Value for key '{}' is not a scalar. Node kind: {:?}",
                            key.text().to_string().trim(),
                            value.kind()
                        );
                    }
                }
            } else {
                println!("Document is not a mapping");
            }
        } else {
            println!("JSON validation correctly failed");
        }

        // Should fail because timestamp and regex are not allowed in JSON schema
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());

        // Should have errors for timestamp and regex types
        assert!(errors.iter().all(|e| e.schema_name == "json"));
        assert!(errors
            .iter()
            .all(|e| matches!(&e.kind, ValidationErrorKind::TypeNotAllowed { .. })));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_strict_mode_validation() {
        // Test with unquoted integer (should fail in failsafe strict mode)
        let yaml_str = r#"
count: 42
active: true
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);

        // Non-strict failsafe should pass via coercion
        let validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe();
        assert!(validator.can_coerce(&document).is_ok());

        // Strict failsafe should fail (integers and booleans not allowed)
        let strict_validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();
        let result = strict_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        // Test with actual string (should pass in both modes)
        let string_yaml = r#"
name: hello
message: world
"#;
        let string_document = create_test_document(string_yaml);

        // Both should pass since these are actual strings
        let non_strict_result = validator.validate(&string_document);
        let strict_result = strict_validator.validate(&string_document);

        // Debug: Check what types are detected for plain strings
        if strict_result.is_err() {
            println!("String validation failed!");
            if let Some(mapping) = string_document.as_mapping() {
                for (key, value) in mapping.pairs() {
                    if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::cast(value.clone()) {
                        let scalar_value = ScalarValue::parse(scalar.as_string().trim());
                        println!(
                            "String - Key '{}' -> Value: '{}' -> Type: {:?}",
                            key.text().to_string().trim(),
                            scalar.as_string().trim(),
                            scalar_value.scalar_type()
                        );
                    }
                }
            }
            if let Err(ref errors) = strict_result {
                for error in errors {
                    println!("  - {}: {}", error.path, error.message());
                }
            }
        }

        // Note: Due to current type inference limitations, quoted numbers like "42"
        // are detected as integers rather than strings. This is a limitation of
        // the ScalarValue::parse() function, not the schema validation logic.
        // For now, we test with unambiguous strings.
        assert!(non_strict_result.is_ok());
        assert!(strict_result.is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validation_error_paths() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
users:
  - name: "John"
    age: 30
  - name: "Jane" 
    active: true
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe();

        let result = validator.validate(&document);
        if let Err(errors) = result {
            // Check that error paths are meaningful and start with "root"
            for error in &errors {
                assert!(!error.path.is_empty());
                assert!(
                    error.path.starts_with("root"),
                    "expected path to start with 'root', got: {:?}",
                    error.path
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_schema_type_lists() {
        assert_eq!(
            Schema::Failsafe.allowed_scalar_types(),
            vec![ScalarType::String]
        );

        assert_eq!(
            Schema::Json.allowed_scalar_types(),
            vec![
                ScalarType::String,
                ScalarType::Integer,
                ScalarType::Float,
                ScalarType::Boolean,
                ScalarType::Null,
            ]
        );

        let core_types = Schema::Core.allowed_scalar_types();
        // Core includes at minimum: String, Integer, Float, Boolean, Null, Timestamp, Regex
        // (plus Binary if the base64 feature is enabled)
        let mut expected_core = vec![
            ScalarType::String,
            ScalarType::Integer,
            ScalarType::Float,
            ScalarType::Boolean,
            ScalarType::Null,
            ScalarType::Timestamp,
            ScalarType::Regex,
        ];
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        expected_core.insert(5, ScalarType::Binary);
        assert_eq!(core_types, expected_core);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_deep_sequence_validation() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
numbers:
  - 1
  - 2.5
  - "three"
  - true
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);

        // Failsafe should fail for non-string types in the sequence
        let failsafe_validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();
        let result = failsafe_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());

        // JSON should succeed since all types are JSON-compatible
        let json_validator = SchemaValidator::json();
        let result = json_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        // Core should succeed since all types are allowed
        let core_validator = SchemaValidator::core();
        let result = core_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_deep_nested_mapping_validation() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
user:
  name: "John"
  details:
    age: 30
    active: true
    scores:
      - 95
      - 87.5
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);

        // Failsafe should fail due to nested integers and booleans
        let failsafe_validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();
        let result = failsafe_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());
        // Check that errors have meaningful paths
        let paths: Vec<&str> = errors.iter().map(|e| e.path.as_str()).collect();
        assert!(paths.contains(&"root.user.details.age"));
        assert!(paths.contains(&"root.user.details.scores[0]"));

        // JSON should succeed
        let json_validator = SchemaValidator::json();
        let result = json_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_complex_yaml_types_validation() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
metadata:
  created: !!timestamp "2023-12-25T10:30:45Z"
  pattern: !!regex '\d{3}-\d{4}'
values:
  - !!timestamp "2023-01-01"
  - !!regex '[a-zA-Z]+'
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);

        // Failsafe should fail
        let failsafe_validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();
        let result = failsafe_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        // JSON should fail
        let json_validator = SchemaValidator::json().strict();
        let result = json_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        // Core should succeed
        let core_validator = SchemaValidator::core();
        let result = core_validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_coercion_deep_validation() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
config:
  timeout: "30"  # string that looks like number
  enabled: "true"  # string that looks like boolean  
  items:
    - "42"
    - "false"
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);

        // Non-strict JSON validation should pass via coercion
        let json_validator = SchemaValidator::json();
        let result = json_validator.can_coerce(&document);
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        // Strict JSON validation should fail (strings are not the exact types)
        let strict_json_validator = SchemaValidator::json().strict();
        let result = strict_json_validator.validate(&document);
        // Actually strings are allowed in JSON schema, so this should pass
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        // But if we put non-JSON types, strict mode should fail
        let problematic_yaml = r#"
data:
  timestamp: !!timestamp "2023-12-25"
"#;
        let problematic_doc = create_test_document(problematic_yaml);
        let result = strict_json_validator.validate(&problematic_doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_validation_error_paths_nested() {
        let yaml_str = r#"
users:
  - name: "Alice"
    metadata:
      created: !!timestamp "2023-01-01"
      tags:
        - "admin"
        - 42  # This should fail in failsafe
  - name: "Bob"
    active: true  # This should fail in failsafe
"#;
        let document = create_test_document(yaml_str);
        let validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe().strict();

        let result = validator.validate(&document);
        assert!(result.is_err());
        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());

        // Check that we have errors with proper path information
        let paths: Vec<&str> = errors.iter().map(|e| e.path.as_str()).collect();

        // Should have paths that show the nested structure
        assert!(paths.contains(&"root.users[0].metadata.created"));
        assert!(paths.contains(&"root.users[0].metadata.tags[1]"));
        assert!(paths.contains(&"root.users[1].active"));

        // Print paths for debugging if needed
        for error in &errors {
            println!("Error at {}: {}", error.path, error.message());
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_yaml_1_2_spec_compliance() {
        // Test that our schemas match YAML 1.2 specification requirements

        // 1. Failsafe Schema - Should only allow strings, mappings, and sequences
        let failsafe = Schema::Failsafe;
        assert!(failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(!failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(!failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(!failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(!failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        assert!(!failsafe.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp));

        // 2. JSON Schema - Should allow JSON-compatible types
        let json = Schema::Json;
        assert!(json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        assert!(!json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp)); // Not in JSON
        assert!(!json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Regex)); // Not in JSON
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        assert!(!json.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Binary)); // Not in JSON

        // 3. Core Schema - Should allow all YAML types
        let core = Schema::Core;
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::String));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Integer));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Float));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Boolean));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Null));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Timestamp));
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Regex));
        #[cfg(feature = "base64")]
        assert!(core.allows_scalar_type(ScalarType::Binary));

        // Test schema names match spec
        assert_eq!(failsafe.name(), "failsafe");
        assert_eq!(json.name(), "json");
        assert_eq!(core.name(), "core");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_spec_compliant_validation_examples() {
        // Examples from YAML 1.2 specification

        // Failsafe: Should accept plain strings but reject typed values
        let failsafe_yaml = r#"
string: hello
number_as_string: "123"
"#;
        let failsafe_doc = create_test_document(failsafe_yaml);
        let failsafe_validator = SchemaValidator::failsafe();
        // Non-strict mode allows coercion
        assert!(failsafe_validator.validate(&failsafe_doc).is_ok());

        // JSON: Should accept JSON-compatible types
        let json_yaml = r#"
string: "hello"
number: 42
float: 3.14
boolean: true
null_value: null
"#;
        let json_doc = create_test_document(json_yaml);
        let json_validator = SchemaValidator::json();
        assert!(json_validator.validate(&json_doc).is_ok());

        // Core: Should accept all YAML types including timestamps
        let core_yaml = r#"
timestamp: 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
regex: !!regex '[0-9]+'
binary: !!binary "SGVsbG8gV29ybGQ="
"#;
        let core_doc = create_test_document(core_yaml);
        let core_validator = SchemaValidator::core();
        assert!(core_validator.validate(&core_doc).is_ok());

        // JSON should reject YAML-specific types
        let json_strict = SchemaValidator::json().strict();
        assert!(json_strict.validate(&core_doc).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_basic() {
        // Create a custom schema that only allows strings and integers (strict mode to prevent coercion)
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("test")
            .allow_types(&[ScalarType::String, ScalarType::Integer])
            .strict(); // No coercion

        let validator = SchemaValidator::custom(custom_schema);

        // Test with allowed types
        let valid_yaml = r#"
name: hello world
count: 42
"#;
        let valid_doc = create_test_document(valid_yaml);
        let result = validator.validate(&valid_doc);
        if let Err(ref errors) = result {
            for error in errors {
                println!("Valid test error: {}", error);
            }
        }
        assert!(result.is_ok());

        // Test with disallowed type
        let invalid_yaml = r#"
name: hello world
enabled: true  # boolean not allowed
"#;
        let invalid_doc = create_test_document(invalid_yaml);
        let result = validator.validate(&invalid_doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(errors.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(
            errors[0].message(),
            "type Boolean not allowed in test schema, expected one of [String, Integer]"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_with_validators() {
        // Create a custom schema with string validators
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("email-validation")
            .allow_type(ScalarType::String)
            .with_validator(ScalarType::String, |value, _path| {
                if value.contains('@') && value.contains('.') {
                    CustomValidationResult::Valid
                } else {
                    CustomValidationResult::invalid("email_format", "invalid email format")
                }
            });

        let validator = SchemaValidator::custom(custom_schema);

        // Test with valid email
        let valid_yaml = r#"
email: "user@example.com"
"#;
        let valid_doc = create_test_document(valid_yaml);
        assert!(validator.validate(&valid_doc).is_ok());

        // Test with invalid email
        let invalid_yaml = r#"
email: "not-an-email"
"#;
        let invalid_doc = create_test_document(invalid_yaml);
        let result = validator.validate(&invalid_doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(errors.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(
            errors[0].message(),
            "custom constraint 'email_format: invalid email format' failed for value 'not-an-email'"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_integer_range() {
        // Custom schema with integer range validation
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("port-validation")
            .allow_type(ScalarType::Integer)
            .with_validator(ScalarType::Integer, |value, _path| {
                if let Ok(port) = value.parse::<u16>() {
                    if (1024..=65535).contains(&port) {
                        CustomValidationResult::Valid
                    } else {
                        CustomValidationResult::invalid(
                            "port_range",
                            format!("port {} must be between 1024 and 65535", port),
                        )
                    }
                } else {
                    CustomValidationResult::invalid(
                        "integer_format",
                        format!("invalid integer: {}", value),
                    )
                }
            });

        let validator = SchemaValidator::custom(custom_schema);

        // Test with valid port
        let valid_yaml = r#"
port: 8080
"#;
        let valid_doc = create_test_document(valid_yaml);
        assert!(validator.validate(&valid_doc).is_ok());

        // Test with invalid port (too low)
        let invalid_yaml = r#"
port: 80
"#;
        let invalid_doc = create_test_document(invalid_yaml);
        let result = validator.validate(&invalid_doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert!(!errors.is_empty());
        assert_eq!(
            errors[0].message(),
            "custom constraint 'port_range: port 80 must be between 1024 and 65535' failed for value '80'"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_multiple_validators() {
        // Schema with multiple type validators
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("config-validation")
            .allow_types(&[ScalarType::String, ScalarType::Integer])
            .with_validator(ScalarType::String, |value, _path| {
                if value.len() >= 3 {
                    CustomValidationResult::Valid
                } else {
                    CustomValidationResult::invalid(
                        "string_length",
                        format!("string too short: '{}'", value),
                    )
                }
            })
            .with_validator(ScalarType::Integer, |value, _path| {
                if let Ok(num) = value.parse::<i32>() {
                    if num >= 0 {
                        CustomValidationResult::Valid
                    } else {
                        CustomValidationResult::invalid(
                            "negative_number",
                            format!("negative numbers not allowed: {}", num),
                        )
                    }
                } else {
                    CustomValidationResult::invalid(
                        "integer_format",
                        format!("invalid integer: {}", value),
                    )
                }
            });

        let validator = SchemaValidator::custom(custom_schema);

        // Test with valid values
        let valid_yaml = r#"
name: "valid-name"
count: 100
"#;
        let valid_doc = create_test_document(valid_yaml);
        assert!(validator.validate(&valid_doc).is_ok());

        // Test with invalid string (too short)
        let invalid_yaml = r#"
name: "ab"
count: 100
"#;
        let invalid_doc = create_test_document(invalid_yaml);
        let result = validator.validate(&invalid_doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(errors.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(
            errors[0].message(),
            "custom constraint 'string_length: string too short: 'ab'' failed for value 'ab'"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_strict_mode() {
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("strict-test")
            .allow_type(ScalarType::String)
            .strict();

        let validator = SchemaValidator::custom(custom_schema);

        // Test that even valid integers are rejected in strict mode
        let yaml_with_int = r#"
value: 42
"#;
        let doc = create_test_document(yaml_with_int);
        let result = validator.validate(&doc);
        assert!(result.is_err());

        let errors = result.unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(errors.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(
            errors[0].message(),
            "type Integer not allowed in strict-test schema, expected one of [String]"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_custom_schema_name() {
        let custom_schema = CustomSchema::new("my-custom-schema").allow_type(ScalarType::String);
        let schema = Schema::Custom(custom_schema);

        assert_eq!(schema.name(), "my-custom-schema");
    }
}