vortex_dtype/
ptype.rs

1//! Physical type definitions and behavior.
2
3use std::cmp::Ordering;
4use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
5use std::hash::Hash;
6use std::panic::RefUnwindSafe;
7
8use num_traits::bounds::UpperBounded;
9use num_traits::{FromPrimitive, Num, NumCast, ToPrimitive};
10use vortex_error::{VortexError, VortexResult, vortex_err};
11
12use crate::DType;
13use crate::DType::*;
14use crate::half::f16;
15use crate::nullability::Nullability::NonNullable;
16
17/// Physical type enum, represents the in-memory physical layout but might represent a different logical type.
18#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Hash, prost::Enumeration)]
19#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
20#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", serde(rename_all = "lowercase"))]
21#[repr(u8)]
22pub enum PType {
23    /// An 8-bit unsigned integer
24    U8 = 0,
25    /// A 16-bit unsigned integer
26    U16 = 1,
27    /// A 32-bit unsigned integer
28    U32 = 2,
29    /// A 64-bit unsigned integer
30    U64 = 3,
31    /// An 8-bit signed integer
32    I8 = 4,
33    /// A 16-bit signed integer
34    I16 = 5,
35    /// A 32-bit signed integer
36    I32 = 6,
37    /// A 64-bit signed integer
38    I64 = 7,
39    /// A 16-bit floating point number
40    F16 = 8,
41    /// A 32-bit floating point number
42    F32 = 9,
43    /// A 64-bit floating point number
44    F64 = 10,
45}
46
47/// A trait for native Rust types that correspond 1:1 to a PType
48pub trait NativePType:
49    Send
50    + Sync
51    + Clone
52    + Copy
53    + Debug
54    + Display
55    + Default
56    + RefUnwindSafe
57    + Num
58    + NumCast
59    + FromPrimitive
60    + ToBytes
61    + TryFromBytes
62    + 'static
63{
64    /// The PType that corresponds to this native type
65    const PTYPE: PType;
66
67    /// Whether this instance (`self`) is NaN
68    /// For integer types, this is always `false`
69    fn is_nan(self) -> bool;
70
71    /// Whether this instance (`self`) is Infinite
72    /// For integer types, this is always `false`
73    fn is_infinite(self) -> bool;
74
75    /// Compare another instance of this type to `self`, providing a total ordering
76    fn total_compare(self, other: Self) -> Ordering;
77
78    /// Test whether self is less than or equal to the other
79    #[inline]
80    fn is_le(self, other: Self) -> bool {
81        self.total_compare(other).is_le()
82    }
83
84    /// Test whether self is less than the other
85    #[inline]
86    fn is_lt(self, other: Self) -> bool {
87        self.total_compare(other).is_lt()
88    }
89
90    /// Test whether self is greater than or equal to the other
91    #[inline]
92    fn is_ge(self, other: Self) -> bool {
93        self.total_compare(other).is_ge()
94    }
95
96    /// Test whether self is greater than the other
97    #[inline]
98    fn is_gt(self, other: Self) -> bool {
99        self.total_compare(other).is_gt()
100    }
101
102    /// Whether another instance of this type (`other`) is bitwise equal to `self`
103    fn is_eq(self, other: Self) -> bool;
104}
105
106macro_rules! native_ptype {
107    ($T:ty, $ptype:tt) => {
108        impl NativePType for $T {
109            const PTYPE: PType = PType::$ptype;
110
111            #[inline]
112            fn is_nan(self) -> bool {
113                false
114            }
115
116            #[inline]
117            fn is_infinite(self) -> bool {
118                false
119            }
120
121            #[inline]
122            fn total_compare(self, other: Self) -> Ordering {
123                self.cmp(&other)
124            }
125
126            #[inline]
127            fn is_eq(self, other: Self) -> bool {
128                self == other
129            }
130        }
131    };
132}
133
134macro_rules! native_float_ptype {
135    ($T:ty, $ptype:tt) => {
136        impl NativePType for $T {
137            const PTYPE: PType = PType::$ptype;
138
139            #[inline]
140            fn is_nan(self) -> bool {
141                <$T>::is_nan(self)
142            }
143
144            #[inline]
145            fn is_infinite(self) -> bool {
146                <$T>::is_infinite(self)
147            }
148
149            #[inline]
150            fn total_compare(self, other: Self) -> Ordering {
151                self.total_cmp(&other)
152            }
153
154            #[inline]
155            fn is_eq(self, other: Self) -> bool {
156                self.to_bits() == other.to_bits()
157            }
158        }
159    };
160}
161
162native_ptype!(u8, U8);
163native_ptype!(u16, U16);
164native_ptype!(u32, U32);
165native_ptype!(u64, U64);
166native_ptype!(i8, I8);
167native_ptype!(i16, I16);
168native_ptype!(i32, I32);
169native_ptype!(i64, I64);
170native_float_ptype!(f16, F16);
171native_float_ptype!(f32, F32);
172native_float_ptype!(f64, F64);
173
174/// Macro to match over each PType, binding the corresponding native type (from `NativePType`)
175#[macro_export]
176macro_rules! match_each_native_ptype {
177    ($self:expr, | $_:tt $enc:ident | $($body:tt)*) => ({
178        macro_rules! __with__ {( $_ $enc:ident ) => ( $($body)* )}
179        use $crate::PType;
180        use $crate::half::f16;
181        match $self {
182            PType::I8 => __with__! { i8 },
183            PType::I16 => __with__! { i16 },
184            PType::I32 => __with__! { i32 },
185            PType::I64 => __with__! { i64 },
186            PType::U8 => __with__! { u8 },
187            PType::U16 => __with__! { u16 },
188            PType::U32 => __with__! { u32 },
189            PType::U64 => __with__! { u64 },
190            PType::F16 => __with__! { f16 },
191            PType::F32 => __with__! { f32 },
192            PType::F64 => __with__! { f64 },
193        }
194    });
195    ($self:expr,
196     integral: | $_:tt $integral_enc:ident | { $($integral_body:tt)* }
197     floating_point: | $_2:tt $floating_point_enc:ident | { $($floating_point_body:tt)* }
198    ) => ({
199        macro_rules! __with_integer__ {( $_ $integral_enc:ident ) => ( { $($integral_body)* } )}
200        macro_rules! __with_floating_point__ {( $_ $floating_point_enc:ident ) => ( { $($floating_point_body)* } )}
201        use $crate::PType;
202        use $crate::half::f16;
203        match $self {
204            PType::I8 => __with_integer__! { i8 },
205            PType::I16 => __with_integer__! { i16 },
206            PType::I32 => __with_integer__! { i32 },
207            PType::I64 => __with_integer__! { i64 },
208            PType::U8 => __with_integer__! { u8 },
209            PType::U16 => __with_integer__! { u16 },
210            PType::U32 => __with_integer__! { u32 },
211            PType::U64 => __with_integer__! { u64 },
212            PType::F16 => __with_floating_point__! { f16 },
213            PType::F32 => __with_floating_point__! { f32 },
214            PType::F64 => __with_floating_point__! { f64 },
215        }
216    });
217    ($self:expr,
218     unsigned: | $_:tt $unsigned_enc:ident | { $($unsigned_body:tt)* }
219     signed: | $_1:tt $signed_enc:ident | { $($signed_body:tt)* }
220     floating: | $_2:tt $floating_point_enc:ident | { $($floating_point_body:tt)* }
221    ) => ({
222        macro_rules! __with_unsigned__ {( $_ $unsigned_enc:ident ) => ( { $($unsigned_body)* } )}
223        macro_rules! __with_signed__ {( $_ $signed_enc:ident ) => ( { $($signed_body)* } )}
224        macro_rules! __with_floating_point__ {( $_ $floating_point_enc:ident ) => ( { $($floating_point_body)* } )}
225        use $crate::PType;
226        use $crate::half::f16;
227        match $self {
228            PType::U8 => __with_unsigned__! { u8 },
229            PType::U16 => __with_unsigned__! { u16 },
230            PType::U32 => __with_unsigned__! { u32 },
231            PType::U64 => __with_unsigned__! { u64 },
232            PType::I8 => __with_signed__! { i8 },
233            PType::I16 => __with_signed__! { i16 },
234            PType::I32 => __with_signed__! { i32 },
235            PType::I64 => __with_signed__! { i64 },
236            PType::F16 => __with_floating_point__! { f16 },
237            PType::F32 => __with_floating_point__! { f32 },
238            PType::F64 => __with_floating_point__! { f64 },
239        }
240    })
241}
242
243/// Macro to match over each integer PType, binding the corresponding native type (from `NativePType`)
244#[macro_export]
245macro_rules! match_each_integer_ptype {
246    ($self:expr, | $_:tt $enc:ident | $($body:tt)*) => ({
247        macro_rules! __with__ {( $_ $enc:ident ) => ( $($body)* )}
248        use $crate::PType;
249        match $self {
250            PType::I8 => __with__! { i8 },
251            PType::I16 => __with__! { i16 },
252            PType::I32 => __with__! { i32 },
253            PType::I64 => __with__! { i64 },
254            PType::U8 => __with__! { u8 },
255            PType::U16 => __with__! { u16 },
256            PType::U32 => __with__! { u32 },
257            PType::U64 => __with__! { u64 },
258            other => panic!("Unsupported ptype {other}")
259        }
260    })
261}
262
263/// Macro to match over each unsigned integer type, binding the corresponding native type (from `NativePType`)
264#[macro_export]
265macro_rules! match_each_unsigned_integer_ptype {
266    ($self:expr, | $_:tt $enc:ident | $($body:tt)*) => ({
267        macro_rules! __with__ {( $_ $enc:ident ) => ( $($body)* )}
268        use $crate::PType;
269        match $self {
270            PType::U8 => __with__! { u8 },
271            PType::U16 => __with__! { u16 },
272            PType::U32 => __with__! { u32 },
273            PType::U64 => __with__! { u64 },
274            other => panic!("Unsupported ptype {other}"),
275        }
276    })
277}
278
279/// Macro to match over each floating point type, binding the corresponding native type (from `NativePType`)
280#[macro_export]
281macro_rules! match_each_float_ptype {
282    ($self:expr, | $_:tt $enc:ident | $($body:tt)*) => ({
283        macro_rules! __with__ {( $_ $enc:ident ) => ( $($body)* )}
284        use $crate::PType;
285        use vortex_dtype::half::f16;
286        match $self {
287            PType::F16 => __with__! { f16 },
288            PType::F32 => __with__! { f32 },
289            PType::F64 => __with__! { f64 },
290            other => panic!("Unsupported ptype {other}"),
291        }
292    })
293}
294
295/// Macro to match over each SIMD capable `PType`, binding the corresponding native type (from `NativePType`)
296///
297/// Note: The match will panic in case of `PType::F16`.
298#[macro_export]
299macro_rules! match_each_native_simd_ptype {
300    ($self:expr, | $_:tt $enc:ident | $($body:tt)*) => ({
301        macro_rules! __with__ {( $_ $enc:ident ) => ( $($body)* )}
302        use $crate::PType;
303        match $self {
304            PType::I8 => __with__! { i8 },
305            PType::I16 => __with__! { i16 },
306            PType::I32 => __with__! { i32 },
307            PType::I64 => __with__! { i64 },
308            PType::U8 => __with__! { u8 },
309            PType::U16 => __with__! { u16 },
310            PType::U32 => __with__! { u32 },
311            PType::U64 => __with__! { u64 },
312            PType::F16 => panic!("f16 does not implement simd::SimdElement"),
313            PType::F32 => __with__! { f32 },
314            PType::F64 => __with__! { f64 },
315        }
316    })
317}
318
319impl PType {
320    /// Returns `true` iff this PType is an unsigned integer type
321    pub const fn is_unsigned_int(self) -> bool {
322        matches!(self, Self::U8 | Self::U16 | Self::U32 | Self::U64)
323    }
324
325    /// Returns `true` iff this PType is a signed integer type
326    pub const fn is_signed_int(self) -> bool {
327        matches!(self, Self::I8 | Self::I16 | Self::I32 | Self::I64)
328    }
329
330    /// Returns `true` iff this PType is an integer type
331    /// Equivalent to `self.is_unsigned_int() || self.is_signed_int()`
332    pub const fn is_int(self) -> bool {
333        self.is_unsigned_int() || self.is_signed_int()
334    }
335
336    /// Returns `true` iff this PType is a floating point type
337    pub const fn is_float(self) -> bool {
338        matches!(self, Self::F16 | Self::F32 | Self::F64)
339    }
340
341    /// Returns the number of bytes in this PType
342    pub const fn byte_width(&self) -> usize {
343        match_each_native_ptype!(self, |$T| std::mem::size_of::<$T>())
344    }
345
346    /// Returns the number of bits in this PType
347    pub const fn bit_width(&self) -> usize {
348        self.byte_width() * 8
349    }
350
351    /// Returns the maximum value of this PType if it is an integer type
352    /// Returns `u64::MAX` if the value is too large to fit in a `u64`
353    pub fn max_value_as_u64(&self) -> u64 {
354        match_each_native_ptype!(self, |$T| <$T as UpperBounded>::max_value().to_u64().unwrap_or(u64::MAX))
355    }
356
357    /// Returns the PType that corresponds to the signed version of this PType
358    pub const fn to_signed(self) -> Self {
359        match self {
360            Self::U8 => Self::I8,
361            Self::U16 => Self::I16,
362            Self::U32 => Self::I32,
363            Self::U64 => Self::I64,
364            _ => self,
365        }
366    }
367
368    /// Returns the PType that corresponds to the unsigned version of this PType
369    /// For floating point types, this will simply return `self`
370    pub const fn to_unsigned(self) -> Self {
371        match self {
372            Self::I8 => Self::U8,
373            Self::I16 => Self::U16,
374            Self::I32 => Self::U32,
375            Self::I64 => Self::U64,
376            _ => self,
377        }
378    }
379}
380
381impl Display for PType {
382    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
383        match self {
384            Self::U8 => write!(f, "u8"),
385            Self::U16 => write!(f, "u16"),
386            Self::U32 => write!(f, "u32"),
387            Self::U64 => write!(f, "u64"),
388            Self::I8 => write!(f, "i8"),
389            Self::I16 => write!(f, "i16"),
390            Self::I32 => write!(f, "i32"),
391            Self::I64 => write!(f, "i64"),
392            Self::F16 => write!(f, "f16"),
393            Self::F32 => write!(f, "f32"),
394            Self::F64 => write!(f, "f64"),
395        }
396    }
397}
398
399impl TryFrom<&DType> for PType {
400    type Error = VortexError;
401
402    fn try_from(value: &DType) -> VortexResult<Self> {
403        match value {
404            Primitive(p, _) => Ok(*p),
405            _ => Err(vortex_err!("Cannot convert DType {} into PType", value)),
406        }
407    }
408}
409
410impl From<PType> for &DType {
411    fn from(item: PType) -> Self {
412        // We expand this match statement so that we can return a static reference.
413        match item {
414            PType::I8 => &Primitive(PType::I8, NonNullable),
415            PType::I16 => &Primitive(PType::I16, NonNullable),
416            PType::I32 => &Primitive(PType::I32, NonNullable),
417            PType::I64 => &Primitive(PType::I64, NonNullable),
418            PType::U8 => &Primitive(PType::U8, NonNullable),
419            PType::U16 => &Primitive(PType::U16, NonNullable),
420            PType::U32 => &Primitive(PType::U32, NonNullable),
421            PType::U64 => &Primitive(PType::U64, NonNullable),
422            PType::F16 => &Primitive(PType::F16, NonNullable),
423            PType::F32 => &Primitive(PType::F32, NonNullable),
424            PType::F64 => &Primitive(PType::F64, NonNullable),
425        }
426    }
427}
428
429impl From<PType> for DType {
430    fn from(item: PType) -> Self {
431        Primitive(item, NonNullable)
432    }
433}
434
435/// A trait for types that can be converted to a little-endian byte slice
436pub trait ToBytes: Sized {
437    /// Returns a slice of this type's bytes in little-endian order
438    fn to_le_bytes(&self) -> &[u8];
439}
440
441/// A trait for types that can be converted from a little-endian byte slice
442pub trait TryFromBytes: Sized {
443    /// Attempts to convert a slice of bytes in little-endian order to this type
444    fn try_from_le_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> VortexResult<Self>;
445}
446
447macro_rules! try_from_bytes {
448    ($T:ty) => {
449        impl ToBytes for $T {
450            #[inline]
451            #[allow(clippy::size_of_in_element_count)]
452            fn to_le_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
453                // NOTE(ngates): this assumes the platform is little-endian. Currently enforced
454                //  with a flag cfg(target_endian = "little")
455                let raw_ptr = self as *const $T as *const u8;
456                unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(raw_ptr, std::mem::size_of::<$T>()) }
457            }
458        }
459
460        impl TryFromBytes for $T {
461            fn try_from_le_bytes(bytes: &[u8]) -> VortexResult<Self> {
462                Ok(<$T>::from_le_bytes(bytes.try_into().map_err(|_| {
463                    vortex_err!("Failed to convert bytes into {}", stringify!($T))
464                })?))
465            }
466        }
467    };
468}
469
470try_from_bytes!(u8);
471try_from_bytes!(u16);
472try_from_bytes!(u32);
473try_from_bytes!(u64);
474try_from_bytes!(i8);
475try_from_bytes!(i16);
476try_from_bytes!(i32);
477try_from_bytes!(i64);
478try_from_bytes!(f16);
479try_from_bytes!(f32);
480try_from_bytes!(f64);
481
482#[cfg(test)]
483mod tests {
484    use super::*;
485
486    #[test]
487    fn try_from_bytes() {
488        assert_eq!(u8::try_from_le_bytes(&[0x01]).unwrap(), 0x01);
489        assert_eq!(u16::try_from_le_bytes(&[0x01, 0x02]).unwrap(), 0x0201);
490        assert_eq!(
491            u32::try_from_le_bytes(&[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]).unwrap(),
492            0x04030201
493        );
494        assert_eq!(
495            u64::try_from_le_bytes(&[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08]).unwrap(),
496            0x0807060504030201
497        );
498    }
499
500    #[test]
501    fn to_bytes_rt() {
502        assert_eq!(&0x01u8.to_le_bytes(), &[0x01]);
503        assert_eq!(&0x0201u16.to_le_bytes(), &[0x01, 0x02]);
504
505        assert_eq!(u8::try_from_le_bytes(&42_u8.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
506        assert_eq!(u16::try_from_le_bytes(&42_u16.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
507        assert_eq!(u32::try_from_le_bytes(&42_u32.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
508        assert_eq!(u64::try_from_le_bytes(&42_u64.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
509        assert_eq!(i8::try_from_le_bytes(&42_i8.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
510        assert_eq!(i16::try_from_le_bytes(&42_i16.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
511        assert_eq!(i32::try_from_le_bytes(&42_i32.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
512        assert_eq!(i64::try_from_le_bytes(&42_i64.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(), 42);
513        assert_eq!(
514            f16::try_from_le_bytes(&f16::from_f32(42.0).to_le_bytes()).unwrap(),
515            f16::from_f32(42.0)
516        );
517        assert_eq!(
518            f32::try_from_le_bytes(&42.0_f32.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(),
519            42.0
520        );
521        assert_eq!(
522            f64::try_from_le_bytes(&42.0_f64.to_le_bytes()).unwrap(),
523            42.0
524        );
525    }
526
527    #[test]
528    fn max_value_u64() {
529        assert_eq!(PType::U8.max_value_as_u64(), u8::MAX as u64);
530        assert_eq!(PType::U16.max_value_as_u64(), u16::MAX as u64);
531        assert_eq!(PType::U32.max_value_as_u64(), u32::MAX as u64);
532        assert_eq!(PType::U64.max_value_as_u64(), u64::MAX);
533        assert_eq!(PType::I8.max_value_as_u64(), i8::MAX as u64);
534        assert_eq!(PType::I16.max_value_as_u64(), i16::MAX as u64);
535        assert_eq!(PType::I32.max_value_as_u64(), i32::MAX as u64);
536        assert_eq!(PType::I64.max_value_as_u64(), i64::MAX as u64);
537        assert_eq!(PType::F16.max_value_as_u64(), 65504); // f16 is a weird type...
538        assert_eq!(PType::F32.max_value_as_u64(), u64::MAX);
539        assert_eq!(PType::F64.max_value_as_u64(), u64::MAX);
540    }
541
542    #[test]
543    fn widths() {
544        assert_eq!(PType::U8.byte_width(), 1);
545        assert_eq!(PType::U16.byte_width(), 2);
546        assert_eq!(PType::U32.byte_width(), 4);
547        assert_eq!(PType::U64.byte_width(), 8);
548        assert_eq!(PType::I8.byte_width(), 1);
549        assert_eq!(PType::I16.byte_width(), 2);
550        assert_eq!(PType::I32.byte_width(), 4);
551        assert_eq!(PType::I64.byte_width(), 8);
552        assert_eq!(PType::F16.byte_width(), 2);
553        assert_eq!(PType::F32.byte_width(), 4);
554        assert_eq!(PType::F64.byte_width(), 8);
555
556        assert_eq!(PType::U8.bit_width(), 8);
557        assert_eq!(PType::U16.bit_width(), 16);
558        assert_eq!(PType::U32.bit_width(), 32);
559        assert_eq!(PType::U64.bit_width(), 64);
560        assert_eq!(PType::I8.bit_width(), 8);
561        assert_eq!(PType::I16.bit_width(), 16);
562        assert_eq!(PType::I32.bit_width(), 32);
563        assert_eq!(PType::I64.bit_width(), 64);
564        assert_eq!(PType::F16.bit_width(), 16);
565        assert_eq!(PType::F32.bit_width(), 32);
566        assert_eq!(PType::F64.bit_width(), 64);
567    }
568
569    #[test]
570    fn native_ptype_nan_handling() {
571        let a = f32::NAN;
572        let b = f32::NAN;
573        assert_ne!(a, b);
574        assert!(<f32 as NativePType>::is_nan(a));
575        assert!(<f32 as NativePType>::is_nan(b));
576        assert!(<f32 as NativePType>::is_eq(a, b));
577        assert!(<f32 as NativePType>::total_compare(a, b) == Ordering::Equal);
578    }
579
580    #[test]
581    fn to_signed() {
582        assert_eq!(PType::U8.to_signed(), PType::I8);
583        assert_eq!(PType::U16.to_signed(), PType::I16);
584        assert_eq!(PType::U32.to_signed(), PType::I32);
585        assert_eq!(PType::U64.to_signed(), PType::I64);
586        assert_eq!(PType::I8.to_signed(), PType::I8);
587        assert_eq!(PType::I16.to_signed(), PType::I16);
588        assert_eq!(PType::I32.to_signed(), PType::I32);
589        assert_eq!(PType::I64.to_signed(), PType::I64);
590        assert_eq!(PType::F16.to_signed(), PType::F16);
591        assert_eq!(PType::F32.to_signed(), PType::F32);
592        assert_eq!(PType::F64.to_signed(), PType::F64);
593    }
594
595    #[test]
596    fn to_unsigned() {
597        assert_eq!(PType::U8.to_unsigned(), PType::U8);
598        assert_eq!(PType::U16.to_unsigned(), PType::U16);
599        assert_eq!(PType::U32.to_unsigned(), PType::U32);
600        assert_eq!(PType::U64.to_unsigned(), PType::U64);
601        assert_eq!(PType::I8.to_unsigned(), PType::U8);
602        assert_eq!(PType::I16.to_unsigned(), PType::U16);
603        assert_eq!(PType::I32.to_unsigned(), PType::U32);
604        assert_eq!(PType::I64.to_unsigned(), PType::U64);
605        assert_eq!(PType::F16.to_unsigned(), PType::F16);
606        assert_eq!(PType::F32.to_unsigned(), PType::F32);
607        assert_eq!(PType::F64.to_unsigned(), PType::F64);
608    }
609
610    #[test]
611    fn to_dtype() {
612        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::U8), Primitive(PType::U8, NonNullable));
613        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::U16), Primitive(PType::U16, NonNullable));
614        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::U32), Primitive(PType::U32, NonNullable));
615        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::U64), Primitive(PType::U64, NonNullable));
616        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::I8), Primitive(PType::I8, NonNullable));
617        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::I16), Primitive(PType::I16, NonNullable));
618        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::I32), Primitive(PType::I32, NonNullable));
619        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::I64), Primitive(PType::I64, NonNullable));
620        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::F16), Primitive(PType::F16, NonNullable));
621        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::F32), Primitive(PType::F32, NonNullable));
622        assert_eq!(DType::from(PType::F64), Primitive(PType::F64, NonNullable));
623    }
624}