vld/primitives/

string.rs

use serde_json::Value;

use crate::error::{value_type_name, IssueCode, StringValidation, VldError};
use crate::schema::VldSchema;

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Manual validation functions (no regex)
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

fn is_valid_email(s: &str) -> bool {
    // local@domain — basic RFC-like check
    let at = match s.find('@') {
        Some(pos) if pos > 0 => pos,
        _ => return false,
    };
    let local = &s[..at];
    let domain = &s[at + 1..];

    if local.is_empty() || domain.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }

    // Local part: printable ASCII except some specials, no spaces
    for ch in local.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || "!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~.-".contains(ch) {
            continue;
        }
        return false;
    }

    is_valid_hostname(domain)
}

fn is_valid_uuid(s: &str) -> bool {
    // 8-4-4-4-12 hex with dashes: xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
    if s.len() != 36 {
        return false;
    }
    let bytes = s.as_bytes();
    for (i, &b) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
        match i {
            8 | 13 | 18 | 23 => {
                if b != b'-' {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            _ => {
                if !b.is_ascii_hexdigit() {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    true
}

#[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
fn is_valid_uuid_version(s: &str, version: usize) -> bool {
    let u = match uuid::Uuid::parse_str(s) {
        Ok(v) => v,
        Err(_) => return false,
    };
    u.get_version_num() == version
}

fn is_valid_url(s: &str) -> bool {
    // Must start with http:// or https:// and have something after
    let rest = if let Some(r) = s.strip_prefix("https://") {
        r
    } else if let Some(r) = s.strip_prefix("http://") {
        r
    } else {
        return false;
    };
    if rest.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    // No whitespace allowed
    !rest.contains(char::is_whitespace)
}

#[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
fn is_valid_url_strict(s: &str) -> bool {
    let parsed = match url::Url::parse(s) {
        Ok(v) => v,
        Err(_) => return false,
    };
    if parsed.scheme() != "http" && parsed.scheme() != "https" {
        return false;
    }
    let host = match parsed.host_str() {
        Some(h) => h,
        None => return false,
    };
    if host.eq_ignore_ascii_case("localhost") {
        return false;
    }
    if let Ok(ip) = host.parse::<std::net::IpAddr>() {
        match ip {
            std::net::IpAddr::V4(v4) => {
                if v4.is_private() || v4.is_loopback() || v4.is_link_local() {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            std::net::IpAddr::V6(v6) => {
                let seg0 = v6.segments()[0];
                let is_link_local = (seg0 & 0xffc0) == 0xfe80; // fe80::/10
                let is_unique_local = (seg0 & 0xfe00) == 0xfc00; // fc00::/7
                if v6.is_loopback() || is_link_local || is_unique_local {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    true
}

#[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
fn is_valid_uri(s: &str) -> bool {
    url::Url::parse(s).is_ok()
}

fn is_valid_ipv4(s: &str) -> bool {
    let parts: Vec<&str> = s.split('.').collect();
    if parts.len() != 4 {
        return false;
    }
    for part in parts {
        if part.is_empty() || part.len() > 3 {
            return false;
        }
        // No leading zeros (except "0" itself)
        if part.len() > 1 && part.starts_with('0') {
            return false;
        }
        match part.parse::<u16>() {
            Ok(n) if n <= 255 => {}
            _ => return false,
        }
    }
    true
}

fn is_valid_ipv6(s: &str) -> bool {
    // Handle :: shorthand
    if s == "::" {
        return true;
    }

    let (left, right) = if let Some(pos) = s.find("::") {
        (&s[..pos], &s[pos + 2..])
    } else {
        (s, "")
    };

    let has_double_colon = s.contains("::");

    let left_groups: Vec<&str> = if left.is_empty() {
        vec![]
    } else {
        left.split(':').collect()
    };

    let right_groups: Vec<&str> = if right.is_empty() {
        vec![]
    } else {
        right.split(':').collect()
    };

    let total = left_groups.len() + right_groups.len();

    if has_double_colon {
        if total > 7 {
            return false;
        }
    } else if total != 8 {
        return false;
    }

    for group in left_groups.iter().chain(right_groups.iter()) {
        if group.is_empty() || group.len() > 4 {
            return false;
        }
        if !group.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit()) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    true
}

fn is_valid_ip(s: &str) -> bool {
    is_valid_ipv4(s) || is_valid_ipv6(s)
}

fn is_valid_cidr(s: &str) -> bool {
    let (ip, prefix) = match s.split_once('/') {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    let prefix = match prefix.parse::<u8>() {
        Ok(v) => v,
        Err(_) => return false,
    };
    if is_valid_ipv4(ip) {
        prefix <= 32
    } else if is_valid_ipv6(ip) {
        prefix <= 128
    } else {
        false
    }
}

fn is_valid_mac(s: &str) -> bool {
    let parts: Vec<&str> = s.split(':').collect();
    if parts.len() != 6 {
        return false;
    }
    parts
        .iter()
        .all(|p| p.len() == 2 && p.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit()))
}

fn is_valid_hex(s: &str) -> bool {
    !s.is_empty() && s.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit())
}

fn is_valid_credit_card(s: &str) -> bool {
    let digits: Vec<u32> = s
        .chars()
        .filter(|c| c.is_ascii_digit())
        .filter_map(|c| c.to_digit(10))
        .collect();
    if digits.len() < 12 || digits.len() > 19 {
        return false;
    }
    let mut sum = 0;
    let mut double = false;
    for d in digits.iter().rev() {
        let mut v = *d;
        if double {
            v *= 2;
            if v > 9 {
                v -= 9;
            }
        }
        sum += v;
        double = !double;
    }
    sum % 10 == 0
}

fn is_valid_phone(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    let mut chars = s.chars();
    let first = chars.next().unwrap_or_default();
    if first != '+' {
        return false;
    }
    let digits: String = chars.filter(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).collect();
    // E.164: max 15 digits, min practical 8.
    (8..=15).contains(&digits.len())
}

#[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
fn is_valid_phone_e164_strict(s: &str) -> bool {
    let num = match phonenumber::parse(None, s) {
        Ok(n) => n,
        Err(_) => return false,
    };
    phonenumber::is_valid(&num)
}

fn is_valid_slug(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() || s.starts_with('-') || s.ends_with('-') {
        return false;
    }
    s.bytes()
        .all(|b| b.is_ascii_lowercase() || b.is_ascii_digit() || b == b'-')
}

fn is_valid_color(s: &str) -> bool {
    if let Some(hex) = s.strip_prefix('#') {
        return (hex.len() == 6 || hex.len() == 8) && hex.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_hexdigit());
    }
    let lower = s.to_ascii_lowercase();
    if lower.starts_with("rgb(") && lower.ends_with(')') {
        let inner = &lower[4..lower.len() - 1];
        let parts: Vec<&str> = inner.split(',').map(|p| p.trim()).collect();
        if parts.len() != 3 {
            return false;
        }
        return parts.iter().all(|p| p.parse::<u8>().is_ok());
    }
    if lower.starts_with("hsl(") && lower.ends_with(')') {
        let inner = &lower[4..lower.len() - 1];
        let parts: Vec<&str> = inner.split(',').map(|p| p.trim()).collect();
        if parts.len() != 3 {
            return false;
        }
        let h_ok = parts[0].parse::<u16>().map(|h| h <= 360).unwrap_or(false);
        let s_ok = parts[1]
            .strip_suffix('%')
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u8>().ok())
            .map(|v| v <= 100)
            .unwrap_or(false);
        let l_ok = parts[2]
            .strip_suffix('%')
            .and_then(|v| v.parse::<u8>().ok())
            .map(|v| v <= 100)
            .unwrap_or(false);
        return h_ok && s_ok && l_ok;
    }
    false
}

fn is_valid_currency_code(s: &str) -> bool {
    s.len() == 3 && s.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_uppercase())
}

fn is_valid_country_code(s: &str) -> bool {
    s.len() == 2 && s.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_uppercase())
}

fn is_valid_locale(s: &str) -> bool {
    let bytes = s.as_bytes();
    if bytes.len() == 2 {
        return bytes[0].is_ascii_lowercase() && bytes[1].is_ascii_lowercase();
    }
    if bytes.len() == 5 && bytes[2] == b'-' {
        return bytes[0].is_ascii_lowercase()
            && bytes[1].is_ascii_lowercase()
            && bytes[3].is_ascii_uppercase()
            && bytes[4].is_ascii_uppercase();
    }
    false
}

fn is_valid_cron(s: &str) -> bool {
    let fields: Vec<&str> = s.split_whitespace().collect();
    if fields.len() != 5 && fields.len() != 6 {
        return false;
    }
    fields.iter().all(|f| {
        !f.is_empty()
            && f.bytes().all(|b| {
                b.is_ascii_digit() || b == b'*' || b == b'/' || b == b',' || b == b'-' || b == b'?'
            })
    })
}

fn is_valid_semver(s: &str) -> bool {
    let s = s.trim();
    if s.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    let s = s.strip_prefix('v').unwrap_or(s);
    let main = s.split(['-', '+']).next().unwrap_or("");
    let parts: Vec<&str> = main.split('.').collect();
    if parts.len() != 3 {
        return false;
    }
    parts
        .iter()
        .all(|p| !p.is_empty() && p.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit()))
}

#[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
fn is_valid_semver_full(s: &str) -> bool {
    semver::Version::parse(s).is_ok()
}

fn is_valid_base64_url(s: &str) -> bool {
    !s.is_empty()
        && s.bytes()
            .all(|b| b.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || b == b'-' || b == b'_')
}

fn is_valid_jwt(s: &str) -> bool {
    let parts: Vec<&str> = s.split('.').collect();
    if parts.len() != 3 {
        return false;
    }
    parts.iter().all(|p| is_valid_base64_url(p))
}

fn is_valid_base64(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() || s.len() % 4 != 0 {
        return false;
    }
    let mut pad_started = false;
    for &b in s.as_bytes() {
        if pad_started {
            if b != b'=' {
                return false;
            }
        } else if b == b'=' {
            pad_started = true;
        } else if !(b.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || b == b'+' || b == b'/') {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // At most 2 padding chars
    let pad_count = s.bytes().rev().take_while(|&b| b == b'=').count();
    pad_count <= 2
}

/// Parse exactly `n` ASCII digits from `s`, return the number and remaining slice.
fn parse_digits(s: &str, n: usize) -> Option<(u32, &str)> {
    if s.len() < n {
        return None;
    }
    let (digits, rest) = s.split_at(n);
    if !digits.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit()) {
        return None;
    }
    digits.parse::<u32>().ok().map(|v| (v, rest))
}

fn is_valid_iso_date(s: &str) -> bool {
    // YYYY-MM-DD (exactly 10 chars)
    if s.len() != 10 {
        return false;
    }
    let (year, rest) = match parse_digits(s, 4) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    let rest = rest.strip_prefix('-').unwrap_or("");
    let (month, rest) = match parse_digits(rest, 2) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    let rest = rest.strip_prefix('-').unwrap_or("");
    let (day, rest) = match parse_digits(rest, 2) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    if !rest.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    let _ = year; // any 4-digit year is OK
    (1..=12).contains(&month) && (1..=31).contains(&day)
}

fn is_valid_iso_time(s: &str) -> bool {
    // HH:MM[:SS[.frac]]
    if s.len() < 5 {
        return false;
    }
    let (hour, rest) = match parse_digits(s, 2) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    let rest = match rest.strip_prefix(':') {
        Some(r) => r,
        None => return false,
    };
    let (min, rest) = match parse_digits(rest, 2) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    if !(0..=23).contains(&hour) || !(0..=59).contains(&min) {
        return false;
    }
    if rest.is_empty() {
        return true;
    }
    // Optional :SS
    let rest = match rest.strip_prefix(':') {
        Some(r) => r,
        None => return false,
    };
    let (sec, rest) = match parse_digits(rest, 2) {
        Some(v) => v,
        None => return false,
    };
    if !(0..=59).contains(&sec) {
        return false;
    }
    if rest.is_empty() {
        return true;
    }
    // Optional .fraction
    let rest = match rest.strip_prefix('.') {
        Some(r) => r,
        None => return false,
    };
    !rest.is_empty() && rest.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit())
}

fn is_valid_iso_datetime(s: &str) -> bool {
    // YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM[:SS[.frac]][Z|+HH:MM|-HH:MM]
    let t_pos = match s.find('T') {
        Some(p) => p,
        None => return false,
    };
    let date_part = &s[..t_pos];
    let after_t = &s[t_pos + 1..];

    if !is_valid_iso_date(date_part) {
        return false;
    }

    // Find timezone suffix
    let (time_part, _tz_part) = if let Some(pos) = after_t.rfind('Z') {
        (&after_t[..pos], &after_t[pos..])
    } else if let Some(pos) = after_t.rfind('+') {
        (&after_t[..pos], &after_t[pos..])
    } else if let Some(pos) = after_t[1..].rfind('-') {
        // skip first char to avoid matching negative in time itself
        let actual = pos + 1;
        (&after_t[..actual], &after_t[actual..])
    } else {
        (after_t, "")
    };

    is_valid_iso_time(time_part)
}

fn is_valid_hostname(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() || s.len() > 253 {
        return false;
    }
    for label in s.split('.') {
        if label.is_empty() || label.len() > 63 {
            return false;
        }
        if label.starts_with('-') || label.ends_with('-') {
            return false;
        }
        if !label.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-') {
            return false;
        }
    }
    true
}

fn is_valid_cuid2(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    if !s.as_bytes()[0].is_ascii_lowercase() {
        return false;
    }
    s.chars()
        .all(|c| c.is_ascii_lowercase() || c.is_ascii_digit())
}

fn is_valid_ulid(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.len() != 26 {
        return false;
    }
    // Crockford's Base32: 0-9 A-H J K M N P-T V-Z (no I, L, O, U)
    s.chars().all(|c| {
        let c = c.to_ascii_uppercase();
        matches!(c, '0'..='9' | 'A'..='H' | 'J' | 'K' | 'M' | 'N' | 'P'..='T' | 'V'..='Z')
    })
}

fn is_valid_nanoid(s: &str) -> bool {
    if s.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    s.chars()
        .all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_' || c == '-')
}

fn is_valid_emoji(s: &str) -> bool {
    s.chars().any(|c| {
        let cp = c as u32;
        (0x1F600..=0x1F64F).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1F300..=0x1F5FF).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1F680..=0x1F6FF).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1F1E0..=0x1F1FF).contains(&cp)
            || (0x2702..=0x27B0).contains(&cp)
            || (0x2600..=0x26FF).contains(&cp)
            || (0xFE00..=0xFE0F).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1F900..=0x1F9FF).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1FA00..=0x1FA6F).contains(&cp)
            || (0x1FA70..=0x1FAFF).contains(&cp)
            || (0x231A..=0x231B).contains(&cp)
            || (0x23E9..=0x23F3).contains(&cp)
            || (0x23F8..=0x23FA).contains(&cp)
            || cp == 0x200D
            || cp == 0x2B50
            || cp == 0x2764
    })
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// StringCheck / StringTransform
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#[derive(Clone)]
enum StringCheck {
    Min(usize, String),
    Max(usize, String),
    Len(usize, String),
    Email(String),
    Url(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    UrlStrict(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    Uri(String),
    Uuid(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    UuidV1(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    UuidV4(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    UuidV7(String),
    Ip(String),
    Slug(String),
    Color(String),
    Currency(String),
    CountryCode(String),
    Locale(String),
    Cron(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
    Regex(regex_lite::Regex, String),
    StartsWith(String, String),
    EndsWith(String, String),
    Contains(String, String),
    NonEmpty(String),
    Ipv4(String),
    Ipv6(String),
    Cidr(String),
    Mac(String),
    Hex(String),
    CreditCard(String),
    Phone(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    PhoneE164(String),
    Semver(String),
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    SemverFull(String),
    Jwt(String),
    Ascii(String),
    Alpha(String),
    Alphanumeric(String),
    Lowercase(String),
    Uppercase(String),
    Base64(String),
    IsoDate(String),
    IsoDatetime(String),
    IsoTime(String),
    Hostname(String),
    Cuid2(String),
    Ulid(String),
    Nanoid(String),
    Emoji(String),
}

impl StringCheck {
    /// Stable key identifying the check category.
    fn key(&self) -> &str {
        match self {
            StringCheck::Min(..) => "too_small",
            StringCheck::Max(..) => "too_big",
            StringCheck::Len(..) => "invalid_length",
            StringCheck::Email(..) => "invalid_email",
            StringCheck::Url(..) => "invalid_url",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::UrlStrict(..) => "invalid_url_strict",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::Uri(..) => "invalid_uri",
            StringCheck::Uuid(..) => "invalid_uuid",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::UuidV1(..) => "invalid_uuid_v1",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::UuidV4(..) => "invalid_uuid_v4",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::UuidV7(..) => "invalid_uuid_v7",
            StringCheck::Ip(..) => "invalid_ip",
            StringCheck::Slug(..) => "invalid_slug",
            StringCheck::Color(..) => "invalid_color",
            StringCheck::Currency(..) => "invalid_currency",
            StringCheck::CountryCode(..) => "invalid_country_code",
            StringCheck::Locale(..) => "invalid_locale",
            StringCheck::Cron(..) => "invalid_cron",
            #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
            StringCheck::Regex(..) => "invalid_regex",
            StringCheck::StartsWith(..) => "invalid_starts_with",
            StringCheck::EndsWith(..) => "invalid_ends_with",
            StringCheck::Contains(..) => "invalid_contains",
            StringCheck::NonEmpty(..) => "non_empty",
            StringCheck::Ipv4(..) => "invalid_ipv4",
            StringCheck::Ipv6(..) => "invalid_ipv6",
            StringCheck::Cidr(..) => "invalid_cidr",
            StringCheck::Mac(..) => "invalid_mac",
            StringCheck::Hex(..) => "invalid_hex",
            StringCheck::CreditCard(..) => "invalid_credit_card",
            StringCheck::Phone(..) => "invalid_phone",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::PhoneE164(..) => "invalid_phone_e164",
            StringCheck::Semver(..) => "invalid_semver",
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::SemverFull(..) => "invalid_semver_full",
            StringCheck::Jwt(..) => "invalid_jwt",
            StringCheck::Ascii(..) => "invalid_ascii",
            StringCheck::Alpha(..) => "invalid_alpha",
            StringCheck::Alphanumeric(..) => "invalid_alphanumeric",
            StringCheck::Lowercase(..) => "invalid_lowercase",
            StringCheck::Uppercase(..) => "invalid_uppercase",
            StringCheck::Base64(..) => "invalid_base64",
            StringCheck::IsoDate(..) => "invalid_iso_date",
            StringCheck::IsoDatetime(..) => "invalid_iso_datetime",
            StringCheck::IsoTime(..) => "invalid_iso_time",
            StringCheck::Hostname(..) => "invalid_hostname",
            StringCheck::Cuid2(..) => "invalid_cuid2",
            StringCheck::Ulid(..) => "invalid_ulid",
            StringCheck::Nanoid(..) => "invalid_nanoid",
            StringCheck::Emoji(..) => "invalid_emoji",
        }
    }

    /// Replace the error message stored in this check.
    fn set_message(&mut self, msg: String) {
        match self {
            #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
            StringCheck::UrlStrict(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Uri(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::UuidV1(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::UuidV4(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::UuidV7(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::PhoneE164(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::SemverFull(ref mut m) => *m = msg,
            StringCheck::Min(_, ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Max(_, ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Len(_, ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Email(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Url(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Uuid(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Ip(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Slug(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Color(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Currency(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::CountryCode(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Locale(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Cron(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::NonEmpty(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Ipv4(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Ipv6(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Cidr(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Mac(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Hex(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::CreditCard(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Phone(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Semver(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Jwt(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Ascii(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Alpha(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Alphanumeric(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Lowercase(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Uppercase(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Base64(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::IsoDate(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::IsoDatetime(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::IsoTime(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Hostname(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Cuid2(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Ulid(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Nanoid(ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Emoji(ref mut m) => *m = msg,
            StringCheck::StartsWith(_, ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::EndsWith(_, ref mut m)
            | StringCheck::Contains(_, ref mut m) => *m = msg,
            #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
            StringCheck::Regex(_, ref mut m) => *m = msg,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone)]
enum StringTransform {
    Trim,
    ToLowerCase,
    ToUpperCase,
}

/// Schema for string validation. Created via [`vld::string()`](crate::string).
///
/// # Example
/// ```
/// use vld::prelude::*;
///
/// let schema = vld::string().min(3).max(20).email();
/// ```
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct ZString {
    checks: Vec<StringCheck>,
    transforms: Vec<StringTransform>,
    coerce: bool,
    custom_type_error: Option<String>,
}

impl ZString {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            checks: vec![],
            transforms: vec![],
            coerce: false,
            custom_type_error: None,
        }
    }

    /// Set a custom error message for type mismatch (when the input is not a string).
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```
    /// use vld::prelude::*;
    /// let schema = vld::string().type_error("Must be text!");
    /// let err = schema.parse("42").unwrap_err();
    /// assert!(err.issues[0].message.contains("Must be text!"));
    /// ```
    pub fn type_error(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.custom_type_error = Some(msg.into());
        self
    }

    /// Override error messages in bulk by check key.
    ///
    /// The closure receives the check key (e.g. `"too_small"`, `"invalid_email"`)
    /// and should return `Some(new_message)` to replace, or `None` to keep the original.
    ///
    /// Available keys: `"too_small"`, `"too_big"`, `"invalid_length"`, `"invalid_email"`,
    /// `"invalid_url"`, `"invalid_uuid"`, `"invalid_ip"`, `"invalid_regex"`,
    /// `"invalid_starts_with"`, `"invalid_ends_with"`, `"invalid_contains"`, `"non_empty"`,
    /// `"invalid_ipv4"`, `"invalid_ipv6"`, `"invalid_cidr"`, `"invalid_mac"`, `"invalid_hex"`,
    /// `"invalid_credit_card"`, `"invalid_phone"`, `"invalid_semver"`, `"invalid_jwt"`,
    /// `"invalid_ascii"`, `"invalid_alpha"`, `"invalid_alphanumeric"`, `"invalid_lowercase"`,
    /// `"invalid_uppercase"`, `"invalid_base64"`, `"invalid_iso_date"`,
    /// `"invalid_iso_datetime"`, `"invalid_iso_time"`, `"invalid_hostname"`,
    /// `"invalid_cuid2"`, `"invalid_ulid"`, `"invalid_nanoid"`, `"invalid_emoji"`.
    ///
    /// # Example
    /// ```
    /// use vld::prelude::*;
    /// let schema = vld::string().min(3).email()
    ///     .with_messages(|key| match key {
    ///         "too_small" => Some("Too short!".into()),
    ///         "invalid_email" => Some("Bad email!".into()),
    ///         _ => None,
    ///     });
    /// ```
    pub fn with_messages<F>(mut self, f: F) -> Self
    where
        F: Fn(&str) -> Option<String>,
    {
        for check in &mut self.checks {
            if let Some(msg) = f(check.key()) {
                check.set_message(msg);
            }
        }
        self
    }

    /// Minimum string length (inclusive).
    pub fn min(self, len: usize) -> Self {
        self.min_msg(len, format!("String must be at least {} characters", len))
    }

    /// Minimum string length with custom message.
    pub fn min_msg(mut self, len: usize, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Min(len, msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Maximum string length (inclusive).
    pub fn max(self, len: usize) -> Self {
        self.max_msg(len, format!("String must be at most {} characters", len))
    }

    /// Maximum string length with custom message.
    pub fn max_msg(mut self, len: usize, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Max(len, msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Exact string length.
    pub fn len(self, len: usize) -> Self {
        self.len_msg(len, format!("String must be exactly {} characters", len))
    }

    /// Exact string length with custom message.
    pub fn len_msg(mut self, len: usize, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Len(len, msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid email address.
    pub fn email(self) -> Self {
        self.email_msg("Invalid email address")
    }

    /// Must be a valid email address, with custom message.
    pub fn email_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Email(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid URL (http/https).
    pub fn url(self) -> Self {
        self.url_msg("Invalid URL")
    }

    /// Must be a valid URL, with custom message.
    pub fn url_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Url(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a strict URL (http/https + valid host).
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn url_strict(self) -> Self {
        self.url_strict_msg("Invalid strict URL")
    }

    /// Must be a strict URL, with custom message.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn url_strict_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::UrlStrict(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid URI.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uri(self) -> Self {
        self.uri_msg("Invalid URI")
    }

    /// Must be a valid URI, with custom message.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uri_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Uri(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid UUID.
    pub fn uuid(self) -> Self {
        self.uuid_msg("Invalid UUID")
    }

    /// Must be a valid UUID, with custom message.
    pub fn uuid_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Uuid(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid UUID v1.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v1(self) -> Self {
        self.uuid_v1_msg("Invalid UUID v1")
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v1_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::UuidV1(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid UUID v4.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v4(self) -> Self {
        self.uuid_v4_msg("Invalid UUID v4")
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v4_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::UuidV4(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid UUID v7.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v7(self) -> Self {
        self.uuid_v7_msg("Invalid UUID v7")
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn uuid_v7_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::UuidV7(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid IP address (IPv4 or IPv6).
    pub fn ip(self) -> Self {
        self.ip_msg("Invalid IP address")
    }

    /// Must be a valid IP address (IPv4 or IPv6), with custom message.
    pub fn ip_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Ip(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must match the given regex.
    ///
    /// Requires the `regex` feature.
    #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
    pub fn regex(self, re: regex_lite::Regex) -> Self {
        self.regex_msg(re, "String does not match pattern")
    }

    /// Must match the given regex, with custom message.
    ///
    /// Requires the `regex` feature.
    #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
    pub fn regex_msg(mut self, re: regex_lite::Regex, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Regex(re, msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must start with the given prefix.
    pub fn starts_with(self, prefix: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        let p = prefix.into();
        let msg = format!("String must start with \"{}\"", p);
        self.starts_with_msg(p, msg)
    }

    /// Must start with the given prefix, with custom message.
    pub fn starts_with_msg(mut self, prefix: impl Into<String>, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks
            .push(StringCheck::StartsWith(prefix.into(), msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must end with the given suffix.
    pub fn ends_with(self, suffix: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        let s = suffix.into();
        let msg = format!("String must end with \"{}\"", s);
        self.ends_with_msg(s, msg)
    }

    /// Must end with the given suffix, with custom message.
    pub fn ends_with_msg(mut self, suffix: impl Into<String>, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks
            .push(StringCheck::EndsWith(suffix.into(), msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain the given substring.
    pub fn contains(self, sub: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        let s = sub.into();
        let msg = format!("String must contain \"{}\"", s);
        self.contains_msg(s, msg)
    }

    /// Must contain the given substring, with custom message.
    pub fn contains_msg(mut self, sub: impl Into<String>, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks
            .push(StringCheck::Contains(sub.into(), msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must not be empty.
    pub fn non_empty(self) -> Self {
        self.non_empty_msg("String must not be empty")
    }

    /// Must not be empty, with custom message.
    pub fn non_empty_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::NonEmpty(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Trim whitespace before validation.
    pub fn trim(mut self) -> Self {
        self.transforms.push(StringTransform::Trim);
        self
    }

    /// Convert to lowercase before validation.
    pub fn to_lowercase(mut self) -> Self {
        self.transforms.push(StringTransform::ToLowerCase);
        self
    }

    /// Convert to uppercase before validation.
    pub fn to_uppercase(mut self) -> Self {
        self.transforms.push(StringTransform::ToUpperCase);
        self
    }

    /// Coerce non-string values (numbers, booleans) to string.
    pub fn coerce(mut self) -> Self {
        self.coerce = true;
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid IPv4 address.
    pub fn ipv4(self) -> Self {
        self.ipv4_msg("Invalid IPv4 address")
    }

    /// Must be a valid IPv4 address, with custom message.
    pub fn ipv4_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Ipv4(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid IPv6 address.
    pub fn ipv6(self) -> Self {
        self.ipv6_msg("Invalid IPv6 address")
    }

    /// Must be a valid IPv6 address, with custom message.
    pub fn ipv6_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Ipv6(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid CIDR block (IPv4/IPv6 with prefix).
    pub fn cidr(self) -> Self {
        self.cidr_msg("Invalid CIDR")
    }

    /// Must be a valid CIDR block, with custom message.
    pub fn cidr_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Cidr(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid MAC address (`xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx`).
    pub fn mac(self) -> Self {
        self.mac_msg("Invalid MAC address")
    }

    /// Must be a valid MAC address, with custom message.
    pub fn mac_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Mac(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain only hexadecimal characters.
    pub fn hex(self) -> Self {
        self.hex_msg("Invalid hexadecimal string")
    }

    /// Must contain only hexadecimal characters, with custom message.
    pub fn hex_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Hex(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid credit card number (Luhn check).
    pub fn credit_card(self) -> Self {
        self.credit_card_msg("Invalid credit card number")
    }

    /// Must be a valid credit card number, with custom message.
    pub fn credit_card_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::CreditCard(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid international phone number (E.164-like, starts with `+`).
    pub fn phone(self) -> Self {
        self.phone_msg("Invalid phone number")
    }

    /// Must be a valid international phone number, with custom message.
    pub fn phone_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Phone(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid strict E.164 phone number.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn phone_e164_strict(self) -> Self {
        self.phone_e164_strict_msg("Invalid E.164 phone number")
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn phone_e164_strict_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::PhoneE164(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid semantic version (`MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, optional `v` prefix).
    pub fn semver(self) -> Self {
        self.semver_msg("Invalid semver")
    }

    /// Must be a valid semantic version, with custom message.
    pub fn semver_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Semver(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a full semantic version parsed by the `semver` crate.
    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn semver_full(self) -> Self {
        self.semver_full_msg("Invalid semantic version")
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
    pub fn semver_full_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::SemverFull(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a JWT-like token (`header.payload.signature`, base64url parts).
    pub fn jwt(self) -> Self {
        self.jwt_msg("Invalid JWT")
    }

    /// Must be a JWT-like token, with custom message.
    pub fn jwt_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Jwt(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain only ASCII characters.
    pub fn ascii(self) -> Self {
        self.ascii_msg("String must contain only ASCII characters")
    }

    /// Must contain only ASCII characters, with custom message.
    pub fn ascii_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Ascii(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain only alphabetic ASCII characters.
    pub fn alpha(self) -> Self {
        self.alpha_msg("String must contain only alphabetic characters")
    }

    /// Must contain only alphabetic ASCII characters, with custom message.
    pub fn alpha_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Alpha(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain only ASCII alphanumeric characters.
    pub fn alphanumeric(self) -> Self {
        self.alphanumeric_msg("String must contain only alphanumeric characters")
    }

    /// Must contain only ASCII alphanumeric characters, with custom message.
    pub fn alphanumeric_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Alphanumeric(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must already be lowercase.
    pub fn lowercase(self) -> Self {
        self.lowercase_msg("String must be lowercase")
    }

    /// Must already be lowercase, with custom message.
    pub fn lowercase_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Lowercase(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must already be uppercase.
    pub fn uppercase(self) -> Self {
        self.uppercase_msg("String must be uppercase")
    }

    /// Must already be uppercase, with custom message.
    pub fn uppercase_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Uppercase(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid Base64 string.
    pub fn base64(self) -> Self {
        self.base64_msg("Invalid Base64 string")
    }

    /// Must be a valid Base64 string, with custom message.
    pub fn base64_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Base64(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 date (YYYY-MM-DD).
    pub fn iso_date(self) -> Self {
        self.iso_date_msg("Invalid ISO date (expected YYYY-MM-DD)")
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 date, with custom message.
    pub fn iso_date_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::IsoDate(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 datetime.
    pub fn iso_datetime(self) -> Self {
        self.iso_datetime_msg("Invalid ISO datetime")
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 datetime, with custom message.
    pub fn iso_datetime_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::IsoDatetime(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 time (HH:MM or HH:MM:SS).
    pub fn iso_time(self) -> Self {
        self.iso_time_msg("Invalid ISO time")
    }

    /// Must be a valid ISO 8601 time, with custom message.
    pub fn iso_time_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::IsoTime(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid hostname.
    pub fn hostname(self) -> Self {
        self.hostname_msg("Invalid hostname")
    }

    /// Must be a valid hostname, with custom message.
    pub fn hostname_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Hostname(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid CUID2 string (lowercase alphanumeric, starts with a letter).
    pub fn cuid2(self) -> Self {
        self.cuid2_msg("Invalid CUID2")
    }

    /// Must be a valid CUID2 string, with custom message.
    pub fn cuid2_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Cuid2(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid ULID (26-char Crockford Base32).
    pub fn ulid(self) -> Self {
        self.ulid_msg("Invalid ULID")
    }

    /// Must be a valid ULID, with custom message.
    pub fn ulid_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Ulid(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a valid Nano ID (alphanumeric + `_` + `-`).
    pub fn nanoid(self) -> Self {
        self.nanoid_msg("Invalid Nano ID")
    }

    /// Must be a valid Nano ID, with custom message.
    pub fn nanoid_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Nanoid(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must contain at least one emoji character.
    pub fn emoji(self) -> Self {
        self.emoji_msg("String must contain an emoji")
    }

    /// Must contain an emoji, with custom message.
    pub fn emoji_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Emoji(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a URL-friendly slug (`[a-z0-9-]`).
    pub fn slug(self) -> Self {
        self.slug_msg("Invalid slug")
    }

    pub fn slug_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Slug(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a hex color (`#RRGGBB` or `#RRGGBBAA`).
    pub fn color(self) -> Self {
        self.color_msg("Invalid color")
    }

    pub fn color_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Color(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a currency code (ISO-4217-like uppercase 3 letters).
    pub fn currency_code(self) -> Self {
        self.currency_code_msg("Invalid currency code")
    }

    pub fn currency_code_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Currency(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a country code (ISO-3166 alpha-2).
    pub fn country_code(self) -> Self {
        self.country_code_msg("Invalid country code")
    }

    pub fn country_code_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::CountryCode(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a locale (`ll` or `ll-RR`, example: `en`, `en-US`).
    pub fn locale(self) -> Self {
        self.locale_msg("Invalid locale")
    }

    pub fn locale_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Locale(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Must be a cron expression (5 or 6 fields).
    pub fn cron(self) -> Self {
        self.cron_msg("Invalid cron expression")
    }

    pub fn cron_msg(mut self, msg: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        self.checks.push(StringCheck::Cron(msg.into()));
        self
    }

    /// Generate a JSON Schema representation of this string schema.
    ///
    /// Requires the `openapi` feature.
    #[cfg(feature = "openapi")]
    pub fn to_json_schema(&self) -> serde_json::Value {
        let mut schema = serde_json::json!({"type": "string"});
        for check in &self.checks {
            match check {
                StringCheck::Min(n, _) => {
                    schema["minLength"] = serde_json::json!(*n);
                }
                StringCheck::Max(n, _) => {
                    schema["maxLength"] = serde_json::json!(*n);
                }
                StringCheck::Len(n, _) => {
                    schema["minLength"] = serde_json::json!(*n);
                    schema["maxLength"] = serde_json::json!(*n);
                }
                StringCheck::Email(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("email");
                }
                StringCheck::Url(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uri");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UrlStrict(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("url-strict");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::Uri(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uri");
                }
                StringCheck::Uuid(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uuid");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV1(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uuid-v1");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV4(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uuid-v4");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV7(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uuid-v7");
                }
                StringCheck::Ip(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("ip");
                }
                StringCheck::Slug(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("slug");
                }
                StringCheck::Color(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("color");
                }
                StringCheck::Currency(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("currency-code");
                }
                StringCheck::CountryCode(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("country-code");
                }
                StringCheck::Locale(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("locale");
                }
                StringCheck::Cron(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("cron");
                }
                StringCheck::Ipv4(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("ipv4");
                }
                StringCheck::Ipv6(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("ipv6");
                }
                StringCheck::Cidr(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("cidr");
                }
                StringCheck::Mac(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("mac");
                }
                StringCheck::Hex(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("hex");
                }
                StringCheck::CreditCard(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("credit-card");
                }
                StringCheck::Phone(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("phone");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::PhoneE164(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("phone-e164");
                }
                StringCheck::Semver(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("semver");
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::SemverFull(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("semver-full");
                }
                StringCheck::Jwt(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("jwt");
                }
                StringCheck::Ascii(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("ascii");
                }
                StringCheck::Alpha(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("alpha");
                }
                StringCheck::Alphanumeric(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("alphanumeric");
                }
                StringCheck::Lowercase(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("lowercase");
                }
                StringCheck::Uppercase(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("uppercase");
                }
                StringCheck::IsoDate(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("date");
                }
                StringCheck::IsoDatetime(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("date-time");
                }
                StringCheck::IsoTime(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("time");
                }
                StringCheck::Hostname(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("hostname");
                }
                StringCheck::NonEmpty(_) => {
                    schema["minLength"] = serde_json::json!(1);
                }
                StringCheck::Cuid2(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("cuid2");
                }
                StringCheck::Ulid(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("ulid");
                }
                StringCheck::Nanoid(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("nanoid");
                }
                StringCheck::Emoji(_) => {
                    schema["format"] = serde_json::json!("emoji");
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        }
        schema
    }
}

impl Default for ZString {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl VldSchema for ZString {
    type Output = String;

    fn parse_value(&self, value: &Value) -> Result<String, VldError> {
        let type_err = |value: &Value| -> VldError {
            let msg = self
                .custom_type_error
                .clone()
                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Expected string, received {}", value_type_name(value)));
            VldError::single_with_value(
                IssueCode::InvalidType {
                    expected: "string".to_string(),
                    received: value_type_name(value),
                },
                msg,
                value,
            )
        };

        // Extract string value
        let mut s = if let Some(s) = value.as_str() {
            s.to_string()
        } else if self.coerce {
            match value {
                Value::Number(n) => n.to_string(),
                Value::Bool(b) => b.to_string(),
                _ => return Err(type_err(value)),
            }
        } else {
            return Err(type_err(value));
        };

        // Apply transforms
        for t in &self.transforms {
            match t {
                StringTransform::Trim => s = s.trim().to_string(),
                StringTransform::ToLowerCase => s = s.to_lowercase(),
                StringTransform::ToUpperCase => s = s.to_uppercase(),
            }
        }

        // Run checks, accumulate errors
        let str_val = Value::String(s.clone());
        let mut errors = VldError::new();

        for check in &self.checks {
            match check {
                StringCheck::Min(min, msg) => {
                    if s.chars().count() < *min {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::TooSmall {
                                minimum: *min as f64,
                                inclusive: true,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Max(max, msg) => {
                    if s.chars().count() > *max {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::TooBig {
                                maximum: *max as f64,
                                inclusive: true,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Len(len, msg) => {
                    if s.chars().count() != *len {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::Custom {
                                code: "invalid_length".to_string(),
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Email(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_email(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Email,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Url(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_url(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Url,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UrlStrict(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_url_strict(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::UrlStrict,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::Uri(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_uri(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Uri,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Uuid(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_uuid(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Uuid,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV1(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_uuid_version(&s, 1) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::UuidV1,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV4(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_uuid_version(&s, 4) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::UuidV4,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::UuidV7(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_uuid_version(&s, 7) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::UuidV7,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Ip(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_ip(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Ip,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Slug(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_slug(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Slug,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Color(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_color(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Color,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Currency(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_currency_code(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Currency,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::CountryCode(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_country_code(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::CountryCode,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Locale(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_locale(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Locale,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Cron(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_cron(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Cron,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "regex")]
                StringCheck::Regex(re, msg) => {
                    if !re.is_match(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Regex,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::StartsWith(prefix, msg) => {
                    if !s.starts_with(prefix.as_str()) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::StartsWith,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::EndsWith(suffix, msg) => {
                    if !s.ends_with(suffix.as_str()) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::EndsWith,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Contains(sub, msg) => {
                    if !s.contains(sub.as_str()) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::Custom {
                                code: "invalid_string".to_string(),
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::NonEmpty(msg) => {
                    if s.is_empty() {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::TooSmall {
                                minimum: 1.0,
                                inclusive: true,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Ipv4(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_ipv4(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Ipv4,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Ipv6(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_ipv6(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Ipv6,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Cidr(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_cidr(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Cidr,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Mac(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_mac(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Mac,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Hex(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_hex(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Hex,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::CreditCard(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_credit_card(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::CreditCard,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Phone(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_phone(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Phone,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::PhoneE164(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_phone_e164_strict(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::PhoneE164,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Semver(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_semver(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Semver,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                #[cfg(feature = "string-advanced")]
                StringCheck::SemverFull(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_semver_full(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::SemverFull,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Jwt(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_jwt(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Jwt,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Ascii(msg) => {
                    if !s.is_ascii() {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Ascii,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Alpha(msg) => {
                    if !s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphabetic()) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Alpha,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Alphanumeric(msg) => {
                    if !s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric()) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Alphanumeric,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Lowercase(msg) => {
                    if s != s.to_lowercase() {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Lowercase,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Uppercase(msg) => {
                    if s != s.to_uppercase() {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Uppercase,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Base64(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_base64(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Base64,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::IsoDate(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_iso_date(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::IsoDate,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::IsoDatetime(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_iso_datetime(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::IsoDatetime,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::IsoTime(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_iso_time(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::IsoTime,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Hostname(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_hostname(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Hostname,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Cuid2(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_cuid2(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Cuid2,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Ulid(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_ulid(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Ulid,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Nanoid(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_nanoid(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Nanoid,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
                StringCheck::Emoji(msg) => {
                    if !is_valid_emoji(&s) {
                        errors.push_with_value(
                            IssueCode::InvalidString {
                                validation: StringValidation::Emoji,
                            },
                            msg.clone(),
                            &str_val,
                        );
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if errors.is_empty() {
            Ok(s)
        } else {
            Err(errors)
        }
    }
}