vk_graph/driver/

shader.rs

//! Shader reflection and pipeline-stage descriptions.
//!
//! This module contains the data used by compute, graphics, and ray tracing pipeline creation to
//! describe shader stages.
//!
//! # Construction
//!
//! The stage-specific constructors are the usual entry points:
//!
//! - [`Shader::new_compute`] for compute pipelines.
//! - [`Shader::new_vertex`] and [`Shader::new_fragment`] for graphics pipelines.
//! - [`Shader::new_ray_gen`], [`Shader::new_closest_hit`], [`Shader::new_miss`], and the other
//!   ray tracing constructors for ray tracing pipelines.
//!
//! These constructors return a [`ShaderBuilder`]. Use [`ShaderBuilder::build`] when invalid SPIR-V
//! should panic during setup, or [`ShaderBuilder::try_build`] when invalid SPIR-V should become a
//! [`DriverError`]. [`Shader::try_new_compute`] and the other `try_new_*` constructors are shortcuts
//! for the fallible path.
//!
//! [`Shader::from_spirv`] is stage-neutral and is useful when the stage is selected separately. It
//! still needs a stage before the shader can be built. SPIR-V can be supplied as bytes, words, or a
//! value accepted by `spirq::parse::SpirvBinary`.
//!
//! # Entry Points
//!
//! The default entry point is `main`. Override it with [`ShaderBuilder::entry_name`] when a SPIR-V
//! module contains multiple entry points or when the exported function uses another name.
//! Reflection is performed for the selected entry point only, so descriptors, push constants,
//! attachments, and vertex inputs from other entry points are ignored.
//!
//! # Reflection
//!
//! Shader creation reflects the selected entry point immediately. Invalid SPIR-V, a missing entry
//! point, or unsupported reflection data makes the fallible builders return [`DriverError::InvalidData`]
//! or [`DriverError::Unsupported`], depending on where the problem is discovered.
//!
//! Reflection is used internally to collect:
//!
//! - descriptor set and binding numbers, descriptor types, array counts, and stage flags;
//! - push constant ranges for the stage;
//! - input attachments and color output locations for graphics render-pass setup;
//! - vertex input bindings, attributes, formats, offsets, strides, and input rates for vertex
//!   shaders unless a manual vertex layout is supplied.
//!
//! When several shaders are combined into one pipeline, descriptor bindings with the same `(set,
//! binding)` must describe compatible descriptor types. Compatible bindings are merged and their
//! stage flags are ORed together. Conflicting descriptor declarations make pipeline creation fail.
//!
//! # Descriptor Bindings And Samplers
//!
//! [`Descriptor`] identifies a shader descriptor binding by set and binding number. It is a binding
//! location, not a live descriptor-set allocation.
//!
//! Combined image samplers and sampler descriptors carry immutable sampler information into the
//! generated descriptor set layout. You can provide explicit sampler state with
//! [`ShaderBuilder::image_sampler`]. If no sampler is specified, the shader binding name is inspected
//! for a compact sampler suffix of the form `_sampler_xyz`, where:
//!
//! - `x` selects texel filtering: `n` for nearest or `l` for linear;
//! - `y` selects mip filtering: `n` for nearest or `l` for linear;
//! - `z` selects address mode: `b` clamp-to-border, `e` clamp-to-edge, `m` mirrored-repeat, or `r`
//!   repeat.
//!
//! For example, a binding whose reflected name ends with `_sampler_lle` uses linear texel filtering,
//! linear mip filtering, and clamp-to-edge addressing. Bindings without this suffix use a linear
//! repeat sampler by default. [`SamplerInfo`] and [`SamplerInfoBuilder`] expose the full Vulkan
//! sampler state when the inferred defaults are not appropriate.
//!
//! # Specialization Constants
//!
//! Specialization constants are supplied with [`ShaderBuilder::specialization`] using a
//! [`SpecializationMap`]. Reflection applies those values before descriptor information is collected,
//! so specialization constants can affect reflected array lengths and other specialization-dependent
//! layout data. The map stores raw bytes plus Vulkan specialization entries; use native endian byte
//! conversion such as `to_ne_bytes()` for scalar values.
//!
//! # Vertex Input Reflection
//!
//! Vertex shaders can provide graphics vertex input state automatically. Scalar and vector input
//! variables are mapped to Vulkan formats based on their reflected scalar type and component count.
//! Offsets and strides are inferred from the reflected byte sizes, grouped by binding.
//!
//! Binding numbers and input rates can be encoded in reflected input names. Names containing
//! `_vbindN` are assigned to vertex binding `N`; names containing `_ibindN` are assigned to instance
//! binding `N`. Inputs without either marker use binding `0` with vertex input rate. If reflection is
//! not expressive enough for a shader's vertex layout, provide a manual layout with
//! [`ShaderBuilder::vertex_input`].
//!
//! # Pipeline Use
//!
//! Shaders are plain descriptions until a pipeline is created. Pipeline creation turns the SPIR-V
//! into Vulkan shader modules, uses the reflected layout to create compatible descriptor set layouts,
//! and then destroys the temporary shader modules after the pipeline has been created. Keep the
//! [`Shader`] values around only as long as they are useful to construct or rebuild pipelines.

use {
    super::{
        DescriptorSetLayout, DriverError, VertexInputState,
        descriptor_set_layout::{DescriptorSetLayoutBindingInfo, DescriptorSetLayoutInfo},
        device::Device,
    },
    ash::vk,
    derive_builder::{Builder, UninitializedFieldError},
    log::{debug, error, trace, warn},
    ordered_float::OrderedFloat,
    spirq::{
        ReflectConfig,
        entry_point::EntryPoint,
        parse::SpirvBinary,
        spirv::ExecutionModel,
        ty::{DescriptorType, ScalarType, Type, VectorType},
        var::Variable,
    },
    std::{
        collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet},
        fmt::{Debug, Formatter},
        ops::Deref,
        panic::{AssertUnwindSafe, catch_unwind},
        thread::panicking,
    },
};

pub(crate) type DescriptorBindingMap = HashMap<Descriptor, (DescriptorInfo, vk::ShaderStageFlags)>;

#[profiling::function]
fn guess_immutable_sampler(binding_name: &str) -> SamplerInfo {
    const INVALID_ERR: &str = "Invalid sampler specification";

    let (texel_filter, mipmap_mode, address_modes) = if binding_name.contains("_sampler_") {
        let spec = &binding_name[binding_name.len() - 3..];
        let texel_filter = match &spec[0..1] {
            "n" => vk::Filter::NEAREST,
            "l" => vk::Filter::LINEAR,
            _ => panic!("{INVALID_ERR}: {}", &spec[0..1]),
        };

        let mipmap_mode = match &spec[1..2] {
            "n" => vk::SamplerMipmapMode::NEAREST,
            "l" => vk::SamplerMipmapMode::LINEAR,
            _ => panic!("{INVALID_ERR}: {}", &spec[1..2]),
        };

        let address_modes = match &spec[2..3] {
            "b" => vk::SamplerAddressMode::CLAMP_TO_BORDER,
            "e" => vk::SamplerAddressMode::CLAMP_TO_EDGE,
            "m" => vk::SamplerAddressMode::MIRRORED_REPEAT,
            "r" => vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT,
            _ => panic!("{INVALID_ERR}: {}", &spec[2..3]),
        };

        (texel_filter, mipmap_mode, address_modes)
    } else {
        debug!("image binding {binding_name} using default sampler");

        (
            vk::Filter::LINEAR,
            vk::SamplerMipmapMode::LINEAR,
            vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT,
        )
    };
    let anisotropy_enable = texel_filter == vk::Filter::LINEAR;
    let mut info = SamplerInfoBuilder::default()
        .mag_filter(texel_filter)
        .min_filter(texel_filter)
        .mipmap_mode(mipmap_mode)
        .address_mode_u(address_modes)
        .address_mode_v(address_modes)
        .address_mode_w(address_modes)
        .max_lod(vk::LOD_CLAMP_NONE)
        .anisotropy_enable(anisotropy_enable);

    if anisotropy_enable {
        info = info.max_anisotropy(16.0);
    }

    info.build()
}

/// Tuple of descriptor set index and binding index.
///
/// This is a generic representation of the descriptor binding point within the shader and not a
/// bound descriptor reference.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Descriptor {
    /// Descriptor set index.
    pub set: u32,

    /// Descriptor binding index.
    pub binding: u32,
}

impl From<u32> for Descriptor {
    fn from(binding: u32) -> Self {
        Self { set: 0, binding }
    }
}

impl From<(u32, u32)> for Descriptor {
    fn from((set, binding): (u32, u32)) -> Self {
        Self { set, binding }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub(crate) enum DescriptorInfo {
    AccelerationStructure(u32),
    CombinedImageSampler(u32, SamplerInfo, bool), //count, sampler, is-manually-defined?
    InputAttachment(u32, u32),                    //count, input index,
    SampledImage(u32),
    Sampler(u32, SamplerInfo, bool), //count, sampler, is-manually-defined?
    StorageBuffer(u32),
    StorageImage(u32),
    StorageTexelBuffer(u32),
    UniformBuffer(u32),
    UniformTexelBuffer(u32),
}

impl DescriptorInfo {
    pub fn binding_count(self) -> u32 {
        match self {
            Self::AccelerationStructure(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::CombinedImageSampler(binding_count, ..) => binding_count,
            Self::InputAttachment(binding_count, _) => binding_count,
            Self::SampledImage(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::Sampler(binding_count, ..) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageImage(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageTexelBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::UniformBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::UniformTexelBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
        }
    }

    pub fn descriptor_type(self) -> vk::DescriptorType {
        match self {
            Self::AccelerationStructure(_) => vk::DescriptorType::ACCELERATION_STRUCTURE_KHR,
            Self::CombinedImageSampler(..) => vk::DescriptorType::COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
            Self::InputAttachment(..) => vk::DescriptorType::INPUT_ATTACHMENT,
            Self::SampledImage(_) => vk::DescriptorType::SAMPLED_IMAGE,
            Self::Sampler(..) => vk::DescriptorType::SAMPLER,
            Self::StorageBuffer(_) => vk::DescriptorType::STORAGE_BUFFER,
            Self::StorageImage(_) => vk::DescriptorType::STORAGE_IMAGE,
            Self::StorageTexelBuffer(_) => vk::DescriptorType::STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER,
            Self::UniformBuffer(_) => vk::DescriptorType::UNIFORM_BUFFER,
            Self::UniformTexelBuffer(_) => vk::DescriptorType::UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER,
        }
    }

    fn sampler_info(self) -> Option<SamplerInfo> {
        match self {
            Self::CombinedImageSampler(_, sampler_info, _) | Self::Sampler(_, sampler_info, _) => {
                Some(sampler_info)
            }
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    pub fn set_binding_count(&mut self, binding_count: u32) {
        *match self {
            Self::AccelerationStructure(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::CombinedImageSampler(binding_count, ..) => binding_count,
            Self::InputAttachment(binding_count, _) => binding_count,
            Self::SampledImage(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::Sampler(binding_count, ..) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageImage(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::StorageTexelBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::UniformBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
            Self::UniformTexelBuffer(binding_count) => binding_count,
        } = binding_count;
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub(crate) struct PipelineDescriptorInfo {
    pub layouts: BTreeMap<u32, DescriptorSetLayout>,
    pub pool_sizes: HashMap<u32, HashMap<vk::DescriptorType, u32>>,
}

impl PipelineDescriptorInfo {
    #[profiling::function]
    pub fn create(
        device: &Device,
        descriptor_bindings: &DescriptorBindingMap,
        bindless_descriptors: &HashSet<Descriptor>,
    ) -> Result<Self, DriverError> {
        let descriptor_set_count = descriptor_bindings
            .keys()
            .map(|descriptor| descriptor.set)
            .max()
            .map(|set| set + 1)
            .unwrap_or_default();
        let mut layouts = BTreeMap::new();
        let mut pool_sizes = HashMap::new();

        //trace!("descriptor_bindings: {:#?}", &descriptor_bindings);

        for descriptor_set_idx in 0..descriptor_set_count {
            let mut binding_counts = HashMap::<vk::DescriptorType, u32>::new();
            let mut bindings = vec![];

            for (descriptor, (descriptor_info, stage_flags)) in descriptor_bindings
                .iter()
                .filter(|(descriptor, _)| descriptor.set == descriptor_set_idx)
            {
                let descriptor_ty = descriptor_info.descriptor_type();
                *binding_counts.entry(descriptor_ty).or_default() +=
                    descriptor_info.binding_count();
                bindings.push(DescriptorSetLayoutBindingInfo {
                    binding: descriptor.binding,
                    binding_flags: if bindless_descriptors.contains(descriptor)
                        && device
                            .physical
                            .features_v1_2
                            .descriptor_binding_partially_bound
                    {
                        vk::DescriptorBindingFlags::PARTIALLY_BOUND
                    } else {
                        vk::DescriptorBindingFlags::empty()
                    },
                    descriptor_count: descriptor_info.binding_count(),
                    descriptor_type: descriptor_ty,
                    immutable_sampler: descriptor_info.sampler_info(),
                    stage_flags: *stage_flags,
                });
            }

            bindings.sort_unstable_by_key(|binding| binding.binding);

            let pool_size = pool_sizes
                .entry(descriptor_set_idx)
                .or_insert_with(HashMap::new);

            for (descriptor_ty, binding_count) in binding_counts.into_iter() {
                *pool_size.entry(descriptor_ty).or_default() += binding_count;
            }

            layouts.insert(
                descriptor_set_idx,
                DescriptorSetLayout::get_or_create(
                    device,
                    DescriptorSetLayoutInfo {
                        bindings: bindings.into_boxed_slice(),
                    },
                )?,
            );
        }

        //trace!("layouts {:#?}", &layouts);
        // trace!("pool_sizes {:#?}", &pool_sizes);

        Ok(Self {
            layouts,
            pool_sizes,
        })
    }
}

pub(crate) struct Sampler {
    device: Device,
    sampler: vk::Sampler,
}

impl Sampler {
    #[profiling::function]
    pub fn create(device: &Device, info: impl Into<SamplerInfo>) -> Result<Self, DriverError> {
        let device = device.clone();
        let info = info.into();

        let sampler = unsafe {
            device
                .create_sampler(
                    &vk::SamplerCreateInfo::default()
                        .flags(info.flags)
                        .mag_filter(info.mag_filter)
                        .min_filter(info.min_filter)
                        .mipmap_mode(info.mipmap_mode)
                        .address_mode_u(info.address_mode_u)
                        .address_mode_v(info.address_mode_v)
                        .address_mode_w(info.address_mode_w)
                        .mip_lod_bias(info.mip_lod_bias.0)
                        .anisotropy_enable(info.anisotropy_enable)
                        .max_anisotropy(info.max_anisotropy.0)
                        .compare_enable(info.compare_enable)
                        .compare_op(info.compare_op)
                        .min_lod(info.min_lod.0)
                        .max_lod(info.max_lod.0)
                        .border_color(info.border_color)
                        .unnormalized_coordinates(info.unnormalized_coordinates)
                        .push_next(
                            &mut vk::SamplerReductionModeCreateInfo::default()
                                .reduction_mode(info.reduction_mode),
                        ),
                    None,
                )
                .map_err(|err| match err {
                    vk::Result::ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY
                    | vk::Result::ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY => {
                        warn!("unable to create sampler: {err}");
                        DriverError::OutOfMemory
                    }
                    _ => {
                        warn!("unsupported sampler creation: {err}");
                        DriverError::Unsupported
                    }
                })?
        };

        Ok(Self { device, sampler })
    }
}

impl Debug for Sampler {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct(stringify!(Sampler))
            .field("handle", &self.sampler)
            .finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}

impl Deref for Sampler {
    type Target = vk::Sampler;

    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
        &self.sampler
    }
}

impl Drop for Sampler {
    #[profiling::function]
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if panicking() {
            return;
        }

        unsafe {
            self.device.destroy_sampler(self.sampler, None);
        }
    }
}

/// Information used to create a [`vk::Sampler`] instance.
///
/// See [`VkSamplerCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkSamplerCreateInfo.html).
#[derive(Builder, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
#[builder(
    build_fn(private, name = "fallible_build", error = "SamplerInfoBuilderError"),
    derive(Clone, Copy, Debug),
    pattern = "owned"
)]
pub struct SamplerInfo {
    /// Bitmask specifying additional parameters of a sampler.
    #[builder(default)]
    pub flags: vk::SamplerCreateFlags,

    /// Specifies the magnification filter to apply to texture lookups.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::Filter::NEAREST`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub mag_filter: vk::Filter,

    /// Specifies the minification filter to apply to texture lookups.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::Filter::NEAREST`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub min_filter: vk::Filter,

    /// A value specifying the mipmap filter to apply to lookups.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::SamplerMipmapMode::NEAREST`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub mipmap_mode: vk::SamplerMipmapMode,

    /// A value specifying the addressing mode for U coordinates outside `[0, 1)`.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub address_mode_u: vk::SamplerAddressMode,

    /// A value specifying the addressing mode for V coordinates outside `[0, 1)`.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub address_mode_v: vk::SamplerAddressMode,

    /// A value specifying the addressing mode for W coordinates outside `[0, 1)`.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub address_mode_w: vk::SamplerAddressMode,

    /// Bias added to the mipmap LOD calculation and to bias provided by SPIR-V image sampling
    /// instructions.
    #[builder(default, setter(into))]
    pub mip_lod_bias: OrderedFloat<f32>,

    /// Enables anisotropic filtering.
    #[builder(default)]
    pub anisotropy_enable: bool,

    /// The anisotropy value clamp used by the sampler when `anisotropy_enable` is `true`.
    ///
    /// If [`anisotropy_enable`](Self::anisotropy_enable) is `false`, `max_anisotropy` is ignored.
    #[builder(default, setter(into))]
    pub max_anisotropy: OrderedFloat<f32>,

    /// Enables comparison against a reference value during lookups.
    #[builder(default)]
    pub compare_enable: bool,

    /// Specifies the comparison operator to apply to fetched data before filtering.
    #[builder(default)]
    pub compare_op: vk::CompareOp,

    /// Minimum LOD value used to clamp the computed level of detail.
    #[builder(default, setter(into))]
    pub min_lod: OrderedFloat<f32>,

    /// Maximum LOD value used to clamp the computed level of detail.
    ///
    /// To avoid clamping the maximum value, set `max_lod` to [`vk::LOD_CLAMP_NONE`].
    #[builder(default, setter(into))]
    pub max_lod: OrderedFloat<f32>,

    /// Specifies the predefined border color to use.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::BorderColor::FLOAT_TRANSPARENT_BLACK`].
    #[builder(default)]
    pub border_color: vk::BorderColor,

    /// Controls whether to use unnormalized or normalized texel coordinates to address texels of
    /// the image.
    ///
    /// When set to `true`, the range of the image coordinates used to lookup the texel is in the
    /// range of zero to the image size in each dimension.
    ///
    /// When set to `false` the range of image coordinates is zero to one.
    ///
    /// See [`VkSamplerCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkSamplerCreateInfo.html).
    #[builder(default)]
    pub unnormalized_coordinates: bool,

    /// Specifies sampler reduction mode.
    ///
    /// Setting magnification filter ([`mag_filter`](Self::mag_filter)) to [`vk::Filter::NEAREST`]
    /// disables sampler reduction mode.
    ///
    /// The default value is [`vk::SamplerReductionMode::WEIGHTED_AVERAGE`].
    ///
    /// See [`VkSamplerReductionModeCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkSamplerReductionModeCreateInfo.html).
    #[builder(default)]
    pub reduction_mode: vk::SamplerReductionMode,
}

impl SamplerInfo {
    /// Default sampler information with `mag_filter`, `min_filter` and `mipmap_mode` set to linear.
    pub const LINEAR: SamplerInfoBuilder = SamplerInfoBuilder {
        flags: None,
        mag_filter: Some(vk::Filter::LINEAR),
        min_filter: Some(vk::Filter::LINEAR),
        mipmap_mode: Some(vk::SamplerMipmapMode::LINEAR),
        address_mode_u: None,
        address_mode_v: None,
        address_mode_w: None,
        mip_lod_bias: None,
        anisotropy_enable: None,
        max_anisotropy: None,
        compare_enable: None,
        compare_op: None,
        min_lod: None,
        max_lod: None,
        border_color: None,
        unnormalized_coordinates: None,
        reduction_mode: None,
    };

    /// Default sampler information with `mag_filter`, `min_filter` and `mipmap_mode` set to
    /// nearest.
    pub const NEAREST: SamplerInfoBuilder = SamplerInfoBuilder {
        flags: None,
        mag_filter: Some(vk::Filter::NEAREST),
        min_filter: Some(vk::Filter::NEAREST),
        mipmap_mode: Some(vk::SamplerMipmapMode::NEAREST),
        address_mode_u: None,
        address_mode_v: None,
        address_mode_w: None,
        mip_lod_bias: None,
        anisotropy_enable: None,
        max_anisotropy: None,
        compare_enable: None,
        compare_op: None,
        min_lod: None,
        max_lod: None,
        border_color: None,
        unnormalized_coordinates: None,
        reduction_mode: None,
    };

    /// Creates a default `SamplerInfoBuilder`.
    pub fn builder() -> SamplerInfoBuilder {
        Default::default()
    }

    /// Converts a `SamplerInfo` into a `SamplerInfoBuilder`.
    pub fn into_builder(self) -> SamplerInfoBuilder {
        SamplerInfoBuilder {
            flags: Some(self.flags),
            mag_filter: Some(self.mag_filter),
            min_filter: Some(self.min_filter),
            mipmap_mode: Some(self.mipmap_mode),
            address_mode_u: Some(self.address_mode_u),
            address_mode_v: Some(self.address_mode_v),
            address_mode_w: Some(self.address_mode_w),
            mip_lod_bias: Some(self.mip_lod_bias),
            anisotropy_enable: Some(self.anisotropy_enable),
            max_anisotropy: Some(self.max_anisotropy),
            compare_enable: Some(self.compare_enable),
            compare_op: Some(self.compare_op),
            min_lod: Some(self.min_lod),
            max_lod: Some(self.max_lod),
            border_color: Some(self.border_color),
            unnormalized_coordinates: Some(self.unnormalized_coordinates),
            reduction_mode: Some(self.reduction_mode),
        }
    }
}

impl Default for SamplerInfo {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            flags: vk::SamplerCreateFlags::empty(),
            mag_filter: vk::Filter::NEAREST,
            min_filter: vk::Filter::NEAREST,
            mipmap_mode: vk::SamplerMipmapMode::NEAREST,
            address_mode_u: vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT,
            address_mode_v: vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT,
            address_mode_w: vk::SamplerAddressMode::REPEAT,
            mip_lod_bias: OrderedFloat(0.0),
            anisotropy_enable: false,
            max_anisotropy: OrderedFloat(0.0),
            compare_enable: false,
            compare_op: vk::CompareOp::NEVER,
            min_lod: OrderedFloat(0.0),
            max_lod: OrderedFloat(0.0),
            border_color: vk::BorderColor::FLOAT_TRANSPARENT_BLACK,
            unnormalized_coordinates: false,
            reduction_mode: vk::SamplerReductionMode::WEIGHTED_AVERAGE,
        }
    }
}

impl SamplerInfoBuilder {
    /// Builds a new `SamplerInfo`.
    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn build(self) -> SamplerInfo {
        self.fallible_build().expect("invalid sampler info")
    }
}

impl From<SamplerInfoBuilder> for SamplerInfo {
    fn from(info: SamplerInfoBuilder) -> Self {
        info.build()
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct SamplerInfoBuilderError;

impl From<UninitializedFieldError> for SamplerInfoBuilderError {
    fn from(_: UninitializedFieldError) -> Self {
        Self
    }
}

/// Describes a shader program which runs on a pipeline stage.
///
/// See [`VkShaderModuleCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkShaderModuleCreateInfo.html)
/// and [`VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo.html).
#[allow(missing_docs)]
#[derive(Builder, Clone)]
#[builder(
    build_fn(private, name = "fallible_build", error = "ShaderBuilderError"),
    derive(Clone, Debug),
    pattern = "owned"
)]
pub struct Shader {
    /// The name of the entry point which will be executed by this shader.
    ///
    /// The default value is `main`.
    #[builder(default = "\"main\".to_owned()", setter(into))]
    pub entry_name: String,

    /// Data about Vulkan specialization constants.
    ///
    /// See [`VkSpecializationInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkSpecializationInfo.html).
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Basic usage (GLSL):
    ///
    /// ```
    /// # vk_shader_macros::glsl!(r#"
    /// #version 460 core
    /// #pragma shader_stage(compute)
    ///
    /// // Defaults to 6 if not set using Shader specialization!
    /// layout(constant_id = 0) const uint MY_COUNT = 6;
    ///
    /// layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform sampler2D my_samplers[MY_COUNT];
    ///
    /// void main()
    /// {
    ///     // Code uses MY_COUNT number of my_samplers here
    /// }
    /// # "#);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// ```no_run
    /// # use std::sync::Arc;
    /// # use ash::vk;
    /// # use vk_graph::driver::DriverError;
    /// # use vk_graph::driver::device::{Device, DeviceInfo};
    /// # use vk_graph::driver::shader::{Shader, SpecializationMap};
    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), DriverError> {
    /// # let device = Device::create(DeviceInfo::default())?;
    /// # let my_shader_code = [0u8; 1];
    /// // We instead specify 42 for MY_COUNT:
    /// let shader = Shader::new_fragment(my_shader_code.as_slice())
    ///     .specialization(
    ///         SpecializationMap::new(42u32.to_ne_bytes())
    ///             .constant(0, 0, 4)
    ///     );
    /// # Ok(()) }
    /// ```
    #[builder(default, setter(strip_option))]
    pub specialization: Option<SpecializationMap>,

    /// Shader code.
    ///
    /// Although SPIR-V code is specified as `u32` values, this field uses `u8` in order to make
    /// loading from file simpler. You should always have a SPIR-V code length which is a multiple
    /// of four bytes, or an error will be returned during pipeline creation.
    ///
    /// See [`VkShaderModuleCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkShaderModuleCreateInfo.html).
    #[builder(setter(into))]
    pub spirv: SpirvBinary,

    /// The shader stage this structure applies to.
    ///
    /// See [`VkShaderStageFlagBits`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkShaderStageFlagBits.html).
    pub stage: vk::ShaderStageFlags,

    #[builder(private)]
    entry_point: EntryPoint,

    #[builder(default, private)]
    image_samplers: HashMap<Descriptor, SamplerInfo>,

    #[builder(default, private, setter(strip_option))]
    vertex_input_state: Option<VertexInputState>,
}

macro_rules! shader_ctors {
    ($(($name:ident, $flag:ident, $desc:literal),)*) => {
        paste::paste! {
            $(
                #[doc = $desc]
                ///
                /// # Panics
                ///
                /// Panics if the shader code is invalid. Use [`try_build`](ShaderBuilder::try_build)
                /// on the returned builder for a fallible path.
                pub fn [<new_ $name>](spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>) -> ShaderBuilder {
                    ShaderBuilder::default().spirv(spirv).stage(vk::ShaderStageFlags::$flag)
                }

                #[doc = "Creates a "]
                #[doc = $desc]
                #[doc = ", returning an error if the SPIR-V is invalid."]
                pub fn [<try_new_ $name>](spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>) -> Result<Shader, DriverError> {
                    ShaderBuilder::default()
                        .spirv(spirv)
                        .stage(vk::ShaderStageFlags::$flag)
                        .try_build()
                }
            )*
        }
    }
}

impl Shader {
    /// Specifies a shader with the given `stage` and shader code.
    ///
    /// See [`VkShaderModuleCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkShaderModuleCreateInfo.html).
    #[allow(clippy::new_ret_no_self)]
    pub fn new(stage: vk::ShaderStageFlags, spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>) -> ShaderBuilder {
        ShaderBuilder::default().spirv(spirv).stage(stage)
    }

    shader_ctors! {
        (any_hit, ANY_HIT_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing any-hit shader."),
        (callable, CALLABLE_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing callable shader."),
        (closest_hit, CLOSEST_HIT_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing closest-hit shader."),
        (compute, COMPUTE, "Creates a new compute shader."),
        (fragment, FRAGMENT, "Creates a new fragment shader."),
        (geometry, GEOMETRY, "Creates a new geometry shader."),
        (intersection, INTERSECTION_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing intersection shader."),
        (mesh, MESH_EXT, "Creates a new mesh shader."),
        (miss, MISS_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing miss shader."),
        (ray_gen, RAYGEN_KHR, "Creates a new ray tracing ray-generation shader."),
        (task, TASK_EXT, "Creates a new task shader."),
        (tessellation_ctrl, TESSELLATION_CONTROL, "Creates a new tessellation control shader."),
        (tessellation_eval, TESSELLATION_EVALUATION, "Creates a new tessellation evaluation shader."),
        (vertex, VERTEX, "Creates a new vertex shader."),
    }

    /// Returns the input and write attachments of a shader.
    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn attachments(
        &self,
    ) -> (
        impl Iterator<Item = u32> + '_,
        impl Iterator<Item = u32> + '_,
    ) {
        (
            self.entry_point.vars.iter().filter_map(|var| match var {
                Variable::Descriptor {
                    desc_ty: DescriptorType::InputAttachment(attachment),
                    ..
                } => Some(*attachment),
                _ => None,
            }),
            self.entry_point.vars.iter().filter_map(|var| match var {
                Variable::Output { location, .. } => Some(location.loc()),
                _ => None,
            }),
        )
    }

    /// Creates a default `ShaderBuilder`.
    pub fn builder() -> ShaderBuilder {
        Default::default()
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn descriptor_bindings(&self) -> DescriptorBindingMap {
        let mut res = DescriptorBindingMap::default();

        for (name, descriptor, desc_ty, binding_count) in
            self.entry_point.vars.iter().filter_map(|var| match var {
                Variable::Descriptor {
                    name,
                    desc_bind,
                    desc_ty,
                    nbind,
                    ..
                } => Some((
                    name,
                    Descriptor {
                        set: desc_bind.set(),
                        binding: desc_bind.bind(),
                    },
                    desc_ty,
                    *nbind,
                )),
                _ => None,
            })
        {
            trace!(
                "descriptor {}: {}.{} = {:?}[{}]",
                name.as_deref().unwrap_or_default(),
                descriptor.set,
                descriptor.binding,
                *desc_ty,
                binding_count
            );

            let descriptor_info = match desc_ty {
                DescriptorType::AccelStruct() => {
                    DescriptorInfo::AccelerationStructure(binding_count)
                }
                DescriptorType::CombinedImageSampler() => {
                    let (sampler_info, is_manually_defined) =
                        self.image_sampler(descriptor, name.as_deref().unwrap_or_default());

                    DescriptorInfo::CombinedImageSampler(
                        binding_count,
                        sampler_info,
                        is_manually_defined,
                    )
                }
                DescriptorType::InputAttachment(attachment) => {
                    DescriptorInfo::InputAttachment(binding_count, *attachment)
                }
                DescriptorType::SampledImage() => DescriptorInfo::SampledImage(binding_count),
                DescriptorType::Sampler() => {
                    let (sampler_info, is_manually_defined) =
                        self.image_sampler(descriptor, name.as_deref().unwrap_or_default());

                    DescriptorInfo::Sampler(binding_count, sampler_info, is_manually_defined)
                }
                DescriptorType::StorageBuffer(_access_ty) => {
                    DescriptorInfo::StorageBuffer(binding_count)
                }
                DescriptorType::StorageImage(_access_ty) => {
                    DescriptorInfo::StorageImage(binding_count)
                }
                DescriptorType::StorageTexelBuffer(_access_ty) => {
                    DescriptorInfo::StorageTexelBuffer(binding_count)
                }
                DescriptorType::UniformBuffer() => DescriptorInfo::UniformBuffer(binding_count),
                DescriptorType::UniformTexelBuffer() => {
                    DescriptorInfo::UniformTexelBuffer(binding_count)
                }
            };
            res.insert(descriptor, (descriptor_info, self.stage));
        }

        res
    }

    /// Specifies a shader with the given shader code.
    ///
    /// See [`VkShaderModuleCreateInfo`](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/man/html/VkShaderModuleCreateInfo.html).
    pub fn from_spirv(spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>) -> ShaderBuilder {
        ShaderBuilder::default().spirv(spirv)
    }

    fn image_sampler(&self, descriptor: Descriptor, name: &str) -> (SamplerInfo, bool) {
        self.image_samplers
            .get(&descriptor)
            .copied()
            .map(|sampler_info| (sampler_info, true))
            .unwrap_or_else(|| (guess_immutable_sampler(name), false))
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn merge_descriptor_bindings(
        descriptor_bindings: impl IntoIterator<Item = DescriptorBindingMap>,
    ) -> Result<DescriptorBindingMap, DriverError> {
        fn merge_info(lhs: &mut DescriptorInfo, rhs: DescriptorInfo) -> bool {
            let (lhs_count, rhs_count) = match lhs {
                DescriptorInfo::AccelerationStructure(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::AccelerationStructure(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::CombinedImageSampler(lhs, lhs_sampler, lhs_is_manually_defined) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::CombinedImageSampler(
                        rhs,
                        rhs_sampler,
                        rhs_is_manually_defined,
                    ) = rhs
                    {
                        // Allow one of the samplers to be manually defined (only one!)
                        if *lhs_is_manually_defined && rhs_is_manually_defined {
                            return false;
                        } else if rhs_is_manually_defined {
                            *lhs_sampler = rhs_sampler;
                        }

                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::InputAttachment(lhs, lhs_idx) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::InputAttachment(rhs, rhs_idx) = rhs {
                        if *lhs_idx != rhs_idx {
                            return false;
                        }

                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::SampledImage(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::SampledImage(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::Sampler(lhs, lhs_sampler, lhs_is_manually_defined) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::Sampler(rhs, rhs_sampler, rhs_is_manually_defined) = rhs
                    {
                        // Allow one of the samplers to be manually defined (only one!)
                        if *lhs_is_manually_defined && rhs_is_manually_defined {
                            return false;
                        } else if rhs_is_manually_defined {
                            *lhs_sampler = rhs_sampler;
                        }

                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::StorageBuffer(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::StorageBuffer(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::StorageImage(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::StorageImage(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::StorageTexelBuffer(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::StorageTexelBuffer(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::UniformBuffer(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::UniformBuffer(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                DescriptorInfo::UniformTexelBuffer(lhs) => {
                    if let DescriptorInfo::UniformTexelBuffer(rhs) = rhs {
                        (lhs, rhs)
                    } else {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
            };

            *lhs_count = rhs_count.max(*lhs_count);

            true
        }

        #[profiling::function]
        fn merge_pair(
            src: DescriptorBindingMap,
            dst: &mut DescriptorBindingMap,
        ) -> Result<(), DriverError> {
            for (descriptor_binding, (descriptor_info, descriptor_flags)) in src.into_iter() {
                if let Some((existing_info, existing_flags)) = dst.get_mut(&descriptor_binding) {
                    if !merge_info(existing_info, descriptor_info) {
                        warn!("inconsistent shader descriptors ({descriptor_binding:?})");

                        return Err(DriverError::InvalidData);
                    }

                    *existing_flags |= descriptor_flags;
                } else {
                    dst.insert(descriptor_binding, (descriptor_info, descriptor_flags));
                }
            }

            Ok(())
        }

        let mut descriptor_bindings = descriptor_bindings.into_iter();
        let mut res = descriptor_bindings.next().unwrap_or_default();
        for descriptor_binding in descriptor_bindings {
            merge_pair(descriptor_binding, &mut res)?;
        }

        Ok(res)
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn push_constant_range(&self) -> Option<vk::PushConstantRange> {
        self.entry_point
            .vars
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|var| match var {
                Variable::PushConstant {
                    ty: Type::Struct(ty),
                    ..
                } => Some(ty.members.clone()),
                _ => None,
            })
            .flatten()
            .map(|push_const| {
                let offset = push_const.offset.unwrap_or_default();
                let size = push_const
                    .ty
                    .nbyte()
                    .unwrap_or_default()
                    .next_multiple_of(4);
                offset..offset + size
            })
            .reduce(|a, b| a.start.min(b.start)..a.end.max(b.end))
            .map(|push_const| vk::PushConstantRange {
                stage_flags: self.stage,
                size: (push_const.end - push_const.start) as _,
                offset: push_const.start as _,
            })
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    fn reflect_entry_point(
        entry_name: &str,
        spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>,
        specialization: Option<&SpecializationMap>,
    ) -> Result<EntryPoint, DriverError> {
        /*
        spirq can panic on malformed SPIR-V instead of returning Err, for example:
        `range start index 5 out of range for slice of length 0` from spirq/src/parse/bin.rs
        */
        catch_unwind(AssertUnwindSafe(|| {
            Self::reflect_entry_point_unchecked(entry_name, spirv, specialization)
        }))
        .map_err(|_| {
            warn!("invalid shader reflection entry point: panic");

            DriverError::InvalidData
        })?
        .map_err(|err| {
            warn!("invalid shader reflection entry point: {err}");

            DriverError::InvalidData
        })
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    fn reflect_entry_point_unchecked(
        entry_name: &str,
        spirv: impl Into<SpirvBinary>,
        specialization: Option<&SpecializationMap>,
    ) -> Result<EntryPoint, DriverError> {
        let mut config = ReflectConfig::new();
        config.ref_all_rscs(true).spv(spirv);

        if let Some(specialization) = specialization {
            for &vk::SpecializationMapEntry {
                constant_id,
                offset,
                size,
            } in &specialization.entries
            {
                config.specialize(
                    constant_id,
                    specialization.data[offset as usize..offset as usize + size].into(),
                );
            }
        }

        let entry_points = config.reflect().map_err(|err| {
            error!("invalid SPIR-V reflection data: {err}");

            DriverError::InvalidData
        })?;
        let entry_point = entry_points
            .into_iter()
            .find(|entry_point| entry_point.name == entry_name)
            .ok_or_else(|| {
                error!("invalid shader entry point: not found");

                DriverError::InvalidData
            })?;

        Ok(entry_point)
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn try_vertex_input(&self) -> Result<VertexInputState, DriverError> {
        // Check for manually-specified vertex layout descriptions
        if let Some(vertex_input) = &self.vertex_input_state {
            return Ok(vertex_input.clone());
        }

        fn scalar_format(ty: &ScalarType) -> Option<vk::Format> {
            match *ty {
                ScalarType::Float { bits } => match bits {
                    u8::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R8_SNORM),
                    u16::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R16_SFLOAT),
                    u32::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R32_SFLOAT),
                    u64::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R64_SFLOAT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                ScalarType::Integer {
                    bits,
                    is_signed: false,
                } => match bits {
                    u8::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R8_UINT),
                    u16::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R16_UINT),
                    u32::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R32_UINT),
                    u64::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R64_UINT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                ScalarType::Integer {
                    bits,
                    is_signed: true,
                } => match bits {
                    u8::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R8_SINT),
                    u16::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R16_SINT),
                    u32::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R32_SINT),
                    u64::BITS => Some(vk::Format::R64_SINT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                _ => None,
            }
        }

        fn vector_format(ty: &VectorType) -> Option<vk::Format> {
            match *ty {
                VectorType {
                    scalar_ty: ScalarType::Float { bits },
                    nscalar,
                } => match (bits, nscalar) {
                    (u8::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8_SNORM),
                    (u8::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8_SNORM),
                    (u8::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8A8_SNORM),
                    (u16::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16_SFLOAT),
                    (u16::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16_SFLOAT),
                    (u16::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT),
                    (u32::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32_SFLOAT),
                    (u32::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32_SFLOAT),
                    (u32::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32A32_SFLOAT),
                    (u64::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64_SFLOAT),
                    (u64::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64_SFLOAT),
                    (u64::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64A64_SFLOAT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                VectorType {
                    scalar_ty:
                        ScalarType::Integer {
                            bits,
                            is_signed: false,
                        },
                    nscalar,
                } => match (bits, nscalar) {
                    (u8::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8_UINT),
                    (u8::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8_UINT),
                    (u8::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8A8_UINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16_UINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16_UINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16A16_UINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32_UINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32_UINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32A32_UINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64_UINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64_UINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64A64_UINT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                VectorType {
                    scalar_ty:
                        ScalarType::Integer {
                            bits,
                            is_signed: true,
                        },
                    nscalar,
                } => match (bits, nscalar) {
                    (u8::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8_SINT),
                    (u8::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8_SINT),
                    (u8::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R8G8B8A8_SINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16_SINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16_SINT),
                    (u16::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R16G16B16A16_SINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32_SINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32_SINT),
                    (u32::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R32G32B32A32_SINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 2) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64_SINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 3) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64_SINT),
                    (u64::BITS, 4) => Some(vk::Format::R64G64B64A64_SINT),
                    _ => None,
                },
                _ => None,
            }
        }

        let mut input_rates_strides = HashMap::new();
        let mut vertex_attribute_descriptions = vec![];

        for (name, location, ty) in self.entry_point.vars.iter().filter_map(|var| match var {
            Variable::Input { name, location, ty } => Some((name, location, ty)),
            _ => None,
        }) {
            let (binding, guessed_rate) = name
                .as_ref()
                .filter(|name| name.contains("_ibind") || name.contains("_vbind"))
                .map(|name| {
                    let binding = name[name.rfind("bind").expect("missing bind suffix")..]
                        .parse()
                        .unwrap_or_default();
                    let rate = if name.contains("_ibind") {
                        vk::VertexInputRate::INSTANCE
                    } else {
                        vk::VertexInputRate::VERTEX
                    };

                    (binding, rate)
                })
                .unwrap_or_default();
            let (location, _) = location.into_inner();
            if let Some((input_rate, _)) = input_rates_strides.get(&binding) {
                assert_eq!(*input_rate, guessed_rate);
            }

            let byte_stride = ty.nbyte().unwrap_or_default() as u32;
            let (input_rate, stride) = input_rates_strides.entry(binding).or_default();
            *input_rate = guessed_rate;
            *stride += byte_stride;

            //trace!("{location} {:?} is {byte_stride} bytes", name);

            let format = match ty {
                Type::Scalar(ty) => scalar_format(ty),
                Type::Vector(ty) => vector_format(ty),
                _ => None,
            }
            .ok_or_else(|| {
                warn!("unsupported reflected vertex input type: {ty:?}");

                DriverError::Unsupported
            })?;

            vertex_attribute_descriptions.push(vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription {
                location,
                binding,
                format,
                offset: byte_stride,
            });
        }

        vertex_attribute_descriptions.sort_unstable_by(|lhs, rhs| {
            let binding = lhs.binding.cmp(&rhs.binding);
            if binding.is_lt() {
                return binding;
            }

            lhs.location.cmp(&rhs.location)
        });

        let mut offset = 0;
        let mut offset_binding = 0;

        for vertex_attribute_description in &mut vertex_attribute_descriptions {
            if vertex_attribute_description.binding != offset_binding {
                offset_binding = vertex_attribute_description.binding;
                offset = 0;
            }

            let stride = vertex_attribute_description.offset;
            vertex_attribute_description.offset = offset;
            offset += stride;

            debug!(
                "vertex attribute {}.{}: {:?} (offset={})",
                vertex_attribute_description.binding,
                vertex_attribute_description.location,
                vertex_attribute_description.format,
                vertex_attribute_description.offset,
            );
        }

        let mut vertex_binding_descriptions = vec![];
        for (binding, (input_rate, stride)) in input_rates_strides.into_iter() {
            vertex_binding_descriptions.push(vk::VertexInputBindingDescription {
                binding,
                input_rate,
                stride,
            });
        }

        Ok(VertexInputState {
            vertex_attribute_descriptions,
            vertex_binding_descriptions,
        })
    }

    #[profiling::function]
    pub(super) fn vertex_input(&self) -> VertexInputState {
        self.try_vertex_input()
            .expect("unsupported reflected vertex input layout")
    }
}

impl Debug for Shader {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        // Avoid dumping the embedded SPIR-V bytes in debug output.
        f.debug_struct(stringify!(Shader))
            .field("entry_name", &self.entry_name)
            .field("stage", &self.stage)
            .field("specialization", &self.specialization)
            .field("reflected_vars", &self.entry_point.vars.len())
            .finish_non_exhaustive()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<ShaderBuilder> for Shader {
    type Error = DriverError;

    fn try_from(shader: ShaderBuilder) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        shader.try_build()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Shader {
    type Error = DriverError;

    fn try_from(spirv: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Shader::from_spirv(spirv).try_build()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<&[u32]> for Shader {
    type Error = DriverError;

    fn try_from(spirv: &[u32]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Shader::from_spirv(spirv).try_build()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<Vec<u8>> for Shader {
    type Error = DriverError;

    fn try_from(spirv: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Shader::from_spirv(spirv).try_build()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<Vec<u32>> for Shader {
    type Error = DriverError;

    fn try_from(spirv: Vec<u32>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Shader::from_spirv(spirv).try_build()
    }
}

// HACK: https://github.com/colin-kiegel/rust-derive-builder/issues/56
impl ShaderBuilder {
    /// Specifies a shader with the given `stage` and shader code values.
    pub fn new(stage: vk::ShaderStageFlags, spirv: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
        Self::default().stage(stage).spirv(spirv)
    }

    /// Builds a new `Shader`.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if the SPIR-V is invalid. Prefer [`try_build`](Self::try_build) for a fallible path.
    pub fn build(self) -> Shader {
        self.try_build()
            .unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("invalid or unsupported shader code: {err}"))
    }

    /// Specifies a manually-defined image sampler.
    ///
    /// Sampled images, by default, use reflection to automatically assign image samplers. Each
    /// sampled image may use a suffix such as `_llr` or `_nne` for common linear/linear repeat or
    /// nearest/nearest clamp-to-edge samplers, respectively.
    ///
    /// See the [main documentation] for more information about automatic image samplers.
    ///
    /// Descriptor bindings may be specified as `(1, 2)` for descriptor set index `1` and binding
    /// index `2`, or if the descriptor set index is `0` simply specify `2` for the same case.
    ///
    /// _NOTE:_ When defining image samplers which are used in multiple stages of a single pipeline
    /// you must only call this function on one of the shader stages; it does not matter which one.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if two shader stages of the same pipeline define individual calls to `image_sampler`.
    ///
    /// [main documentation]: crate
    #[profiling::function]
    pub fn image_sampler(
        mut self,
        descriptor: impl Into<Descriptor>,
        info: impl Into<SamplerInfo>,
    ) -> Self {
        let descriptor = descriptor.into();
        let info = info.into();

        if self.image_samplers.is_none() {
            self.image_samplers = Some(Default::default());
        }

        self.image_samplers
            .as_mut()
            .expect("missing image samplers")
            .insert(descriptor, info);

        self
    }

    /// Attempts to build a new `Shader`.
    pub fn try_build(mut self) -> Result<Shader, DriverError> {
        let entry_name = self.entry_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("main");
        let spirv = self
            .spirv
            .as_ref()
            .map(|spirv| spirv.words())
            .ok_or(DriverError::InvalidData)?;
        let specialization = self
            .specialization
            .as_ref()
            .map(|opt| opt.as_ref())
            .unwrap_or_default();
        let entry_point = Shader::reflect_entry_point(entry_name, spirv, specialization)?;

        if self.stage.unwrap_or_default().is_empty() {
            self.stage = Some(match entry_point.exec_model {
                ExecutionModel::Vertex => vk::ShaderStageFlags::VERTEX,
                ExecutionModel::TessellationControl => vk::ShaderStageFlags::TESSELLATION_CONTROL,
                ExecutionModel::TessellationEvaluation => {
                    vk::ShaderStageFlags::TESSELLATION_EVALUATION
                }
                ExecutionModel::Geometry => vk::ShaderStageFlags::GEOMETRY,
                ExecutionModel::Fragment => vk::ShaderStageFlags::FRAGMENT,
                ExecutionModel::GLCompute => vk::ShaderStageFlags::COMPUTE,
                ExecutionModel::Kernel => {
                    warn!("unsupported shader execution model: kernel");

                    return Err(DriverError::Unsupported);
                }
                ExecutionModel::TaskNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::TASK_EXT,
                ExecutionModel::MeshNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::MESH_EXT,
                ExecutionModel::RayGenerationNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::RAYGEN_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::IntersectionNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::INTERSECTION_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::AnyHitNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::ANY_HIT_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::ClosestHitNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::CLOSEST_HIT_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::MissNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::MISS_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::CallableNV => vk::ShaderStageFlags::CALLABLE_KHR,
                ExecutionModel::TaskEXT => vk::ShaderStageFlags::TASK_EXT,
                ExecutionModel::MeshEXT => vk::ShaderStageFlags::MESH_EXT,
            })
        }

        self.entry_point = Some(entry_point);

        self.fallible_build().map_err(|err| {
            warn!("invalid shader builder state: {err:?}");

            DriverError::InvalidData
        })
    }

    /// Specifies a manually-defined vertex input layout.
    ///
    /// The vertex input layout, by default, uses reflection to automatically define vertex binding
    /// and attribute descriptions. Each vertex location is inferred to have 32-bit channels and be
    /// tightly packed in the vertex buffer. In this mode, a location with `_ibind_0` or `_vbind3`
    /// suffixes is inferred to use instance-rate on vertex buffer binding `0` or vertex rate on
    /// binding `3`, respectively.
    ///
    /// See the [main documentation] for more information about automatic vertex input layout.
    ///
    /// [main documentation]: crate
    #[profiling::function]
    pub fn vertex_input(
        mut self,
        bindings: impl Into<Vec<vk::VertexInputBindingDescription>>,
        attributes: impl Into<Vec<vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription>>,
    ) -> Self {
        self.vertex_input_state = Some(Some(VertexInputState {
            vertex_binding_descriptions: bindings.into(),
            vertex_attribute_descriptions: attributes.into(),
        }));
        self
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct ShaderBuilderError;

impl From<UninitializedFieldError> for ShaderBuilderError {
    fn from(_: UninitializedFieldError) -> Self {
        Self
    }
}

/// Describes specialized constant values.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
pub struct SpecializationMap {
    /// A buffer of data which holds the constant values.
    pub data: Vec<u8>,

    /// Mapping of locations within the constant value data which describe each individual
    /// constant.
    pub entries: Vec<vk::SpecializationMapEntry>,
}

impl SpecializationMap {
    /// Constructs a new `SpecializationMap`.
    pub fn new(data: impl Into<Vec<u8>>) -> Self {
        Self {
            data: data.into(),
            entries: Default::default(),
        }
    }

    /// Adds a single constant offset and size to the map and returns the map for further building.
    pub fn constant(mut self, constant_id: u32, offset: u32, size: usize) -> Self {
        self.set_constant(constant_id, offset, size);
        self
    }

    /// Adds a single constant offset and size to the map and returns the map for further building.
    pub fn set_constant(&mut self, constant_id: u32, offset: u32, size: usize) {
        self.entries.push(vk::SpecializationMapEntry {
            constant_id,
            offset,
            size,
        });
    }
}

impl<'a> From<&'a SpecializationMap> for vk::SpecializationInfo<'a> {
    fn from(value: &'a SpecializationMap) -> Self {
        vk::SpecializationInfo::default()
            .map_entries(&value.entries)
            .data(&value.data)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;

    type Info = SamplerInfo;
    type Builder = SamplerInfoBuilder;

    #[test]
    pub fn sampler_info() {
        let info = Info::default();
        let builder = info.into_builder().build();

        assert_eq!(info, builder);
    }

    #[test]
    pub fn sampler_info_builder() {
        let info = Info::default();
        let builder = Builder::default().build();

        assert_eq!(info, builder);
    }

    #[test]
    pub fn invalid_spirv_try_into_driver_value() {
        assert!(Shader::try_from(vec![0u32]).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    pub fn merge_descriptor_bindings_rejects_mismatched_descriptors() {
        let mut lhs = DescriptorBindingMap::default();
        lhs.insert(
            Descriptor::from(0),
            (
                DescriptorInfo::UniformBuffer(1),
                vk::ShaderStageFlags::VERTEX,
            ),
        );

        let mut rhs = DescriptorBindingMap::default();
        rhs.insert(
            Descriptor::from(0),
            (
                DescriptorInfo::StorageBuffer(1),
                vk::ShaderStageFlags::FRAGMENT,
            ),
        );

        assert!(matches!(
            Shader::merge_descriptor_bindings([lhs, rhs]),
            Err(DriverError::InvalidData)
        ));
    }
}