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urma_core/
container.rs

1use crate::error::{Context, Error, bail, ensure};
2use crate::format::{ContentType, RecordKind, Urma, chunk_count};
3use aes::cipher::{KeyIvInit, StreamCipher};
4use hkdf::Hkdf;
5use hmac::{Hmac, Mac};
6use rand::{CryptoRng, RngCore};
7use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
8use std::collections::BTreeMap;
9use zeroize::Zeroizing;
10
11type Cipher = ctr::Ctr128BE<aes::Aes256>;
12type Authenticator = Hmac<Sha256>;
13
14pub fn random_secret<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(rng: &mut R) -> Result<Zeroizing<[u8; 32]>, Error> {
15    let mut key = Zeroizing::new([0; 32]);
16    rng.try_fill_bytes(key.as_mut())?;
17    Ok(key)
18}
19fn derive(root: &[u8; 32], id: &[u8; 32], purpose: &[u8], output: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
20    Hkdf::<Sha256>::new(Some(id), root)
21        .expand(purpose, output)
22        .map_err(|error| Error::Invalid(format!("HKDF expansion: {error}")))?;
23    Ok(())
24}
25fn discovery_tag(root: &[u8; 32], id: &[u8; 32]) -> Result<[u8; 16], Error> {
26    let mut tag = [0; 16];
27    derive(root, id, Urma::DISCOVERY_DOMAIN, &mut tag)?;
28    Ok(tag)
29}
30fn cipher(root: &[u8; 32], id: &[u8; 32], iv: &[u8; 16]) -> Result<Cipher, Error> {
31    let mut key = Zeroizing::new([0; 32]);
32    derive(root, id, Urma::CONTENT_DOMAIN, key.as_mut())?;
33    Ok(Cipher::new((&*key).into(), iv.into()))
34}
35fn nonce(index: u32) -> [u8; 16] {
36    let mut iv = [0; 16];
37    iv[..8].copy_from_slice(&u64::from(index).to_be_bytes());
38    iv
39}
40fn authenticator(root: &[u8; 32], id: &[u8; 32]) -> Result<Authenticator, Error> {
41    let mut key = Zeroizing::new([0; 32]);
42    derive(root, id, Urma::AUTHENTICATION_DOMAIN, key.as_mut())?;
43    Ok(Authenticator::new_from_slice(key.as_ref())?)
44}
45pub fn seal<R: RngCore + CryptoRng>(
46    root: &[u8; 32],
47    plaintext: &[u8],
48    content_type: ContentType,
49    rng: &mut R,
50) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
51    let count = chunk_count(u64::try_from(plaintext.len())?)?;
52    let id = *random_secret(rng)?;
53    let tag = discovery_tag(root, &id)?;
54    let digest: [u8; 32] = Sha256::digest(plaintext).into();
55    let mut records = Vec::new();
56    records.try_reserve_exact(usize::try_from(count)?)?;
57    for (position, chunk) in plaintext.chunks(Urma::CHUNK_BYTES).enumerate() {
58        let index = u32::try_from(position)?;
59        let mut record = Vec::with_capacity(Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES);
60        record.extend_from_slice(&RecordKind::Private.prefix());
61        record.extend_from_slice(&id);
62        record.extend_from_slice(&tag);
63        record.extend_from_slice(&index.to_le_bytes());
64        record.extend_from_slice(&count.to_le_bytes());
65        let iv = nonce(index);
66        record.extend_from_slice(&iv);
67        let mut body = Zeroizing::new(vec![0; Urma::BODY_BYTES]);
68        body[..32].copy_from_slice(&digest);
69        body[32..40].copy_from_slice(&u64::try_from(plaintext.len())?.to_le_bytes());
70        body[40..44].copy_from_slice(&content_type.code().to_le_bytes());
71        body[Urma::METADATA_BYTES..Urma::METADATA_BYTES + chunk.len()].copy_from_slice(chunk);
72        rng.try_fill_bytes(&mut body[Urma::METADATA_BYTES + chunk.len()..])?;
73        cipher(root, &id, &iv)?.apply_keystream(&mut body);
74        record.extend_from_slice(&body);
75        let mut mac = authenticator(root, &id)?;
76        mac.update(&record);
77        record.extend_from_slice(&mac.finalize().into_bytes());
78        records.push(record);
79    }
80    Ok(records)
81}
82pub struct PrivateChunk {
83    pub id: [u8; 32],
84    pub index: u32,
85    pub count: u32,
86    pub total: u64,
87    pub digest: [u8; 32],
88    pub content_type: ContentType,
89    pub bytes: Zeroizing<Vec<u8>>,
90    record_digest: [u8; 32],
91}
92#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
93pub struct PrivateRecordHeader {
94    pub id: [u8; 32],
95    pub discovery_tag: [u8; 16],
96    pub index: u32,
97    pub count: u32,
98}
99pub enum RecordMatch {
100    Unrelated,
101    Authenticated(PrivateChunk),
102}
103pub fn inspect_header(record: &[u8]) -> Result<PrivateRecordHeader, Error> {
104    ensure!(
105        record.len() == Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES,
106        "invalid private record length"
107    );
108    ensure!(
109        RecordKind::parse(record)? == RecordKind::Private,
110        "not a private record"
111    );
112    let header = PrivateRecordHeader {
113        id: record[8..40].try_into()?,
114        discovery_tag: record[40..56].try_into()?,
115        index: u32::from_le_bytes(record[56..60].try_into()?),
116        count: u32::from_le_bytes(record[60..64].try_into()?),
117    };
118    ensure!(
119        header.count > 0 && header.index < header.count,
120        "invalid chunk bounds"
121    );
122    Ok(header)
123}
124pub fn open_record(root: &[u8; 32], record: &[u8]) -> Result<RecordMatch, Error> {
125    if !record.starts_with(&Urma::MAGIC) {
126        return Ok(RecordMatch::Unrelated);
127    }
128    match RecordKind::parse(record)? {
129        RecordKind::Private => {}
130        RecordKind::Post
131        | RecordKind::Reply
132        | RecordKind::Profile
133        | RecordKind::Avatar
134        | RecordKind::Container
135        | RecordKind::DataPart
136        | RecordKind::LeafManifest
137        | RecordKind::RootManifest => return Ok(RecordMatch::Unrelated),
138    }
139    let header = inspect_header(record)?;
140    if header.discovery_tag != discovery_tag(root, &header.id)? {
141        return Ok(RecordMatch::Unrelated);
142    }
143    let mut mac = authenticator(root, &header.id)?;
144    mac.update(&record[..Urma::MAC_OFFSET]);
145    mac.verify_slice(&record[Urma::MAC_OFFSET..])
146        .map_err(|error| Error::Invalid(format!("record authentication failed: {error}")))?;
147    let iv = nonce(header.index);
148    ensure!(
149        record[Urma::PRIVATE_HEADER_BYTES..Urma::BODY_OFFSET] == iv,
150        "noncanonical counter IV"
151    );
152    let mut body = Zeroizing::new(record[Urma::BODY_OFFSET..Urma::MAC_OFFSET].to_vec());
153    cipher(root, &header.id, &iv)?.apply_keystream(&mut body);
154    let total = u64::from_le_bytes(body[32..40].try_into()?);
155    ensure!(
156        chunk_count(total)? == header.count,
157        "chunk count does not match encrypted file length"
158    );
159    let content_type = ContentType::from_code(u32::from_le_bytes(body[40..44].try_into()?))?;
160    if body[44..48] != [0; 4] {
161        return Err(Error::Unsupported(
162            "unsupported private metadata flags".into(),
163        ));
164    }
165    let remaining = total
166        .checked_sub(u64::from(header.index) * u64::try_from(Urma::CHUNK_BYTES)?)
167        .context("chunk offset exceeds original length")?;
168    let size = usize::try_from(remaining.min(u64::try_from(Urma::CHUNK_BYTES)?))?;
169    Ok(RecordMatch::Authenticated(PrivateChunk {
170        id: header.id,
171        index: header.index,
172        count: header.count,
173        total,
174        digest: body[..32].try_into()?,
175        content_type,
176        bytes: Zeroizing::new(body[Urma::METADATA_BYTES..Urma::METADATA_BYTES + size].to_vec()),
177        record_digest: Sha256::digest(record).into(),
178    }))
179}
180pub struct PrivateObject {
181    pub id: [u8; 32],
182    pub count: u32,
183    pub total: u64,
184    pub content_type: ContentType,
185    digest: [u8; 32],
186    chunks: BTreeMap<u32, PrivateChunk>,
187    conflict: bool,
188}
189impl PrivateObject {
190    pub fn new(chunk: PrivateChunk) -> Self {
191        Self {
192            id: chunk.id,
193            count: chunk.count,
194            total: chunk.total,
195            content_type: chunk.content_type,
196            digest: chunk.digest,
197            chunks: BTreeMap::from([(chunk.index, chunk)]),
198            conflict: false,
199        }
200    }
201    pub fn insert(&mut self, chunk: PrivateChunk) -> Result<(), Error> {
202        if self.id != chunk.id
203            || self.count != chunk.count
204            || self.total != chunk.total
205            || self.digest != chunk.digest
206            || self.content_type != chunk.content_type
207        {
208            self.conflict = true;
209            bail!("conflicting authenticated object metadata");
210        }
211        match self.chunks.entry(chunk.index) {
212            std::collections::btree_map::Entry::Occupied(previous) => {
213                if previous.get().record_digest != chunk.record_digest {
214                    self.conflict = true;
215                    bail!("conflicting authenticated record");
216                }
217            }
218            std::collections::btree_map::Entry::Vacant(slot) => {
219                slot.insert(chunk);
220            }
221        }
222        Ok(())
223    }
224    pub fn received(&self) -> usize {
225        self.chunks.len()
226    }
227    pub fn is_conflicted(&self) -> bool {
228        self.conflict
229    }
230    pub fn is_complete(&self) -> bool {
231        match u32::try_from(self.chunks.len()) {
232            Ok(count) => !self.conflict && count == self.count,
233            Err(error) => panic!("chunk map exceeds u32 key space: {error}"),
234        }
235    }
236    pub fn finish(&self) -> Result<Zeroizing<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
237        ensure!(!self.conflict, "conflicting authenticated object");
238        ensure!(
239            u32::try_from(self.chunks.len())? == self.count,
240            "incomplete object: {} of {} chunks",
241            self.chunks.len(),
242            self.count
243        );
244        let mut bytes = Zeroizing::new(Vec::new());
245        bytes.try_reserve_exact(
246            usize::try_from(self.total).context("object exceeds host capacity")?,
247        )?;
248        for index in 0..self.count {
249            bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.chunks.get(&index).context("missing chunk")?.bytes);
250        }
251        ensure!(
252            u64::try_from(bytes.len())? == self.total
253                && Sha256::digest(&bytes).as_slice() == self.digest,
254            "whole-file integrity failed"
255        );
256        Ok(bytes)
257    }
258}
259pub fn pack(records: &[Vec<u8>]) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
260    let count = u32::try_from(records.len())?;
261    ensure!(count > 0, "empty container");
262    let first = inspect_header(&records[0])?;
263    let capacity = records
264        .len()
265        .checked_mul(Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES + 4)
266        .and_then(|n| n.checked_add(Urma::CONTAINER_HEADER_BYTES))
267        .context("container size overflow")?;
268    let mut bytes = Vec::new();
269    bytes.try_reserve_exact(capacity)?;
270    bytes.extend_from_slice(&RecordKind::Container.prefix());
271    bytes.extend_from_slice(&count.to_le_bytes());
272    for record in records {
273        ensure!(inspect_header(record)?.id == first.id, "mixed objects");
274        bytes.extend_from_slice(&u32::try_from(record.len())?.to_le_bytes());
275        bytes.extend_from_slice(record);
276    }
277    Ok(bytes)
278}
279pub fn unpack(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
280    ensure!(
281        RecordKind::parse(bytes)? == RecordKind::Container,
282        "not an offline container"
283    );
284    ensure!(
285        bytes.len() >= Urma::CONTAINER_HEADER_BYTES,
286        "truncated container"
287    );
288    let count = usize::try_from(u32::from_le_bytes(bytes[8..12].try_into()?))?;
289    ensure!(count > 0, "empty container");
290    let size = count
291        .checked_mul(Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES + 4)
292        .and_then(|n| n.checked_add(Urma::CONTAINER_HEADER_BYTES))
293        .context("container size overflow")?;
294    ensure!(bytes.len() == size, "truncated or trailing container data");
295    let mut records = Vec::new();
296    records.try_reserve_exact(count)?;
297    for entry in bytes[Urma::CONTAINER_HEADER_BYTES..]
298        .as_chunks::<{ Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES + 4 }>()
299        .0
300    {
301        ensure!(
302            u32::from_le_bytes(entry[..4].try_into()?)
303                == u32::try_from(Urma::PRIVATE_RECORD_BYTES)?,
304            "invalid container record length"
305        );
306        inspect_header(&entry[4..])?;
307        records.push(entry[4..].to_vec());
308    }
309    let id = inspect_header(&records[0])?.id;
310    for record in &records {
311        ensure!(inspect_header(record)?.id == id, "mixed objects");
312    }
313    Ok(records)
314}
315fn required_chunk(root: &[u8; 32], record: &[u8]) -> Result<PrivateChunk, Error> {
316    match open_record(root, record)? {
317        RecordMatch::Authenticated(chunk) => Ok(chunk),
318        RecordMatch::Unrelated => bail!("wrong key or unrelated record"),
319    }
320}
321pub fn open(root: &[u8; 32], records: &[Vec<u8>]) -> Result<Zeroizing<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
322    let (first, rest) = records.split_first().context("no records")?;
323    let mut object = PrivateObject::new(required_chunk(root, first)?);
324    for record in rest {
325        object.insert(required_chunk(root, record)?)?;
326    }
327    object.finish()
328}