#[repr(C)]
pub struct Complex<T> {
pub re: T,
pub im: T,
}
Expand description
A complex number in Cartesian form.
Complex<T> is memory layout compatible with an array [T; 2].
Note that Complex<F> where F is a floating point type is only memory
layout compatible with C’s complex types, not necessarily calling
convention compatible. This means that for FFI you can only pass
Complex<F> behind a pointer, not as a value.
Example of extern function declaration.
use num_complex::Complex;
use std::os::raw::c_int;
extern "C" {
fn zaxpy_(n: *const c_int, alpha: *const Complex<f64>,
x: *const Complex<f64>, incx: *const c_int,
y: *mut Complex<f64>, incy: *const c_int);
}
Real portion of the complex number
Imaginary portion of the complex number
Returns the square of the norm (since T doesn’t necessarily
have a sqrt function), i.e. re^2 + im^2.
Multiplies self by the scalar t.
Divides self by the scalar t.
Raises self to an unsigned integer power.
Returns the complex conjugate. i.e. re - i im
Raises self to a signed integer power.
Calculate the principal Arg of self.
Convert to polar form (r, theta), such that
self = r * exp(i * theta)
Convert a polar representation into a complex number.
Computes e^(self), where e is the base of the natural logarithm.
Computes the principal value of natural logarithm of self.
This function has one branch cut:
(-∞, 0], continuous from above.
The branch satisfies -π ≤ arg(ln(z)) ≤ π.
Computes the principal value of the square root of self.
This function has one branch cut:
(-∞, 0), continuous from above.
The branch satisfies -π/2 ≤ arg(sqrt(z)) ≤ π/2.
Computes the principal value of the cube root of self.
This function has one branch cut:
(-∞, 0), continuous from above.
The branch satisfies -π/3 ≤ arg(cbrt(z)) ≤ π/3.
Note that this does not match the usual result for the cube root of
negative real numbers. For example, the real cube root of -8 is -2,
but the principal complex cube root of -8 is 1 + i√3.
Raises self to a floating point power.
Returns the logarithm of self with respect to an arbitrary base.
Raises self to a complex power.
Raises a floating point number to the complex power self.
Computes the sine of self.
Computes the cosine of self.
Computes the tangent of self.
Computes the principal value of the inverse sine of self.
This function has two branch cuts:
(-∞, -1), continuous from above.
(1, ∞), continuous from below.
The branch satisfies -π/2 ≤ Re(asin(z)) ≤ π/2.
Computes the principal value of the inverse cosine of self.
This function has two branch cuts:
(-∞, -1), continuous from above.
(1, ∞), continuous from below.
The branch satisfies 0 ≤ Re(acos(z)) ≤ π.
Computes the principal value of the inverse tangent of self.
This function has two branch cuts:
(-∞i, -i], continuous from the left.
[i, ∞i), continuous from the right.
The branch satisfies -π/2 ≤ Re(atan(z)) ≤ π/2.
Computes the hyperbolic sine of self.
Computes the hyperbolic cosine of self.
Computes the hyperbolic tangent of self.
Computes the principal value of inverse hyperbolic sine of self.
This function has two branch cuts:
(-∞i, -i), continuous from the left.
(i, ∞i), continuous from the right.
The branch satisfies -π/2 ≤ Im(asinh(z)) ≤ π/2.
Computes the principal value of inverse hyperbolic cosine of self.
This function has one branch cut:
(-∞, 1), continuous from above.
The branch satisfies -π ≤ Im(acosh(z)) ≤ π and 0 ≤ Re(acosh(z)) < ∞.
Computes the principal value of inverse hyperbolic tangent of self.
This function has two branch cuts:
(-∞, -1], continuous from above.
[1, ∞), continuous from below.
The branch satisfies -π/2 ≤ Im(atanh(z)) ≤ π/2.
Returns 1/self using floating-point operations.
This may be more accurate than the generic self.inv() in cases
where self.norm_sqr() would overflow to ∞ or underflow to 0.
use num_complex::Complex64;
let c = Complex64::new(1e300, 1e300);
assert!(!c.inv().is_normal());
let inv = c.finv();
assert!(inv.is_normal());
println!("{:e}", inv);
let expected = Complex64::new(5e-301, -5e-301);
assert!((inv - expected).norm() < 1e-315);
Returns self/other using floating-point operations.
This may be more accurate than the generic Div implementation in cases
where other.norm_sqr() would overflow to ∞ or underflow to 0.
use num_complex::Complex64;
let a = Complex64::new(2.0, 3.0);
let b = Complex64::new(1e300, 1e300);
assert!(!(a / b).is_normal());
let quotient = a.fdiv(b);
assert!(quotient.is_normal());
println!("{:e}", quotient);
let expected = Complex64::new(2.5e-300, 5e-301);
assert!((quotient - expected).norm() < 1e-315);
Checks if the given complex number is NaN
Checks if the given complex number is infinite
Checks if the given complex number is finite
Checks if the given complex number is normal
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
The resulting type after applying the + operator.
Convert a value to another, using the as operator.
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
Returns the “default value” for a type. Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
The resulting type after applying the / operator.
Converts a usize to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an isize to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an u8 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an u16 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an u32 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an u64 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an i8 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an i16 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an i32 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an i64 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an u128 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts an i128 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts a f32 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Converts a f64 to return an optional value of this type. If the
value cannot be represented by this type, then None is returned. Read more
Parses a +/- bi; ai +/- b; a; or bi where a and b are of type T
The associated error which can be returned from parsing.
The result after applying the operator.
Returns the multiplicative inverse of self. Read more
The result after applying the operator.
Returns the multiplicative inverse of self. Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Formats the value using the given formatter.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the * operator.
The resulting type after applying the fused multiply-add.
Performs the fused multiply-add operation.
The resulting type after applying the fused multiply-add.
Performs the fused multiply-add operation.
Performs the fused multiply-add operation.
Performs the fused multiply-add operation.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
Parses a +/- bi; ai +/- b; a; or bi where a and b are of type T
Creates a number from another value that can be converted into
a primitive via the ToPrimitive trait. If the source value cannot be
represented by the target type, then None is returned. Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Returns the multiplicative identity element of Self, 1. Read more
Returns true if self is equal to the multiplicative identity. Read more
Sets self to the multiplicative identity element of Self, 1.
This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used
by ==. Read more
This method tests for !=.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
The result after applying the operator.
Method which takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by
multiplying the items. Read more
Method which takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by
multiplying the items. Read more
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the % operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
The resulting type after applying the - operator.
Method which takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by
“summing up” the items. Read more
Method which takes an iterator and generates Self from the elements by
“summing up” the items. Read more
Converts the value of self to a usize. If the value cannot be
represented by a usize, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an isize. If the value cannot be
represented by an isize, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to a u8. If the value cannot be
represented by a u8, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to a u16. If the value cannot be
represented by a u16, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to a u32. If the value cannot be
represented by a u32, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to a u64. If the value cannot be
represented by a u64, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an i8. If the value cannot be
represented by an i8, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an i16. If the value cannot be
represented by an i16, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an i32. If the value cannot be
represented by an i32, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an i64. If the value cannot be
represented by an i64, then None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to a u128. If the value cannot be
represented by a u128 (u64 under the default implementation), then
None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an i128. If the value cannot be
represented by an i128 (i64 under the default implementation), then
None is returned. Read more
Converts the value of self to an f32. Overflows may map to positive
or negative inifinity, otherwise None is returned if the value cannot
be represented by an f32. Read more
Converts the value of self to an f64. Overflows may map to positive
or negative inifinity, otherwise None is returned if the value cannot
be represented by an f64. Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Returns the additive identity element of Self, 0. Read more
Returns true if self is equal to the additive identity.
Sets self to the additive identity element of Self, 0.
impl<T> Any for T where
T: 'static + ?Sized,
Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
Convert Box<dyn Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Box<dyn Any>. Box<dyn Any> can
then be further downcast into Box<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait. Read more
Convert Rc<Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Rc<Any>. Rc<Any> can then be
further downcast into Rc<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait. Read more
Convert &Trait (where Trait: Downcast) to &Any. This is needed since Rust cannot
generate &Any’s vtable from &Trait’s. Read more
Convert &mut Trait (where Trait: Downcast) to &Any. This is needed since Rust cannot
generate &mut Any’s vtable from &mut Trait’s. Read more
Convert Arc<Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Arc<Any>. Arc<Any> can then be
further downcast into Arc<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait. Read more
impl<T, U> Into<U> for T where
U: From<T>,
The resulting type after obtaining ownership.
Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more
🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (toowned_clone_into)
recently added
Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more
Converts the given value to a String. Read more
The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
impl<T, Rhs, Output> NumOps<Rhs, Output> for T where
T: Mul<Rhs, Output = Output> + Div<Rhs, Output = Output> + Rem<Rhs, Output = Output> + Add<Rhs, Output = Output> + Sub<Rhs, Output = Output>,