Struct tempfile::TempPath [−][src]
pub struct TempPath { /* fields omitted */ }
Expand description
A path to a named temporary file without an open file handle.
This is useful when the temporary file needs to be used by a child process, for example.
When dropped, the temporary file is deleted.
Implementations
Close and remove the temporary file.
Use this if you want to detect errors in deleting the file.
Errors
If the file cannot be deleted, Err
is returned.
Examples
use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
let file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
// Close the file, but keep the path to it around.
let path = file.into_temp_path();
// By closing the `TempPath` explicitly, we can check that it has
// been deleted successfully. If we don't close it explicitly, the
// file will still be deleted when `file` goes out of scope, but we
// won't know whether deleting the file succeeded.
path.close()?;
Persist the temporary file at the target path.
If a file exists at the target path, persist will atomically replace it.
If this method fails, it will return self
in the resulting
PathPersistError
.
Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also
neither the file contents nor the containing directory are
synchronized, so the update may not yet have reached the disk when
persist
returns.
Security
Only use this method if you’re positive that a temporary file cleaner won’t have deleted your file. Otherwise, you might end up persisting an attacker controlled file.
Errors
If the file cannot be moved to the new location, Err
is returned.
Examples
use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
let path = file.into_temp_path();
path.persist("./saved_file.txt")?;
Persist the temporary file at the target path if and only if no file exists there.
If a file exists at the target path, fail. If this method fails, it will
return self
in the resulting PathPersistError
.
Note: Temporary files cannot be persisted across filesystems. Also Note: This method is not atomic. It can leave the original link to the temporary file behind.
Security
Only use this method if you’re positive that a temporary file cleaner won’t have deleted your file. Otherwise, you might end up persisting an attacker controlled file.
Errors
If the file cannot be moved to the new location or a file already exists
there, Err
is returned.
Examples
use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
let path = file.into_temp_path();
path.persist_noclobber("./saved_file.txt")?;
Keep the temporary file from being deleted. This function will turn the temporary file into a non-temporary file without moving it.
Errors
On some platforms (e.g., Windows), we need to mark the file as non-temporary. This operation could fail.
Examples
use tempfile::NamedTempFile;
let mut file = NamedTempFile::new()?;
writeln!(file, "Brian was here. Briefly.")?;
let path = file.into_temp_path();
let path = path.keep()?;
Create a new TempPath from an existing path. This can be done even if no file exists at the given path.
This is mostly useful for interacting with libraries and external components that provide files to be consumed or expect a path with no existing file to be given.
Methods from Deref<Target = Path>
Yields a &str
slice if the Path
is valid unicode.
This conversion may entail doing a check for UTF-8 validity. Note that validation is performed because non-UTF-8 strings are perfectly valid for some OS.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.to_str(), Some("foo.txt"));
Converts a Path
to a Cow<str>
.
Any non-Unicode sequences are replaced with
U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
.
Examples
Calling to_string_lossy
on a Path
with valid unicode:
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.to_string_lossy(), "foo.txt");
Had path
contained invalid unicode, the to_string_lossy
call might
have returned "fo�.txt"
.
Returns true
if the Path
is absolute, i.e., if it is independent of
the current directory.
-
On Unix, a path is absolute if it starts with the root, so
is_absolute
andhas_root
are equivalent. -
On Windows, a path is absolute if it has a prefix and starts with the root:
c:\windows
is absolute, whilec:temp
and\temp
are not.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert!(!Path::new("foo.txt").is_absolute());
Returns true
if the Path
is relative, i.e., not absolute.
See is_absolute
’s documentation for more details.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert!(Path::new("foo.txt").is_relative());
Returns true
if the Path
has a root.
-
On Unix, a path has a root if it begins with
/
. -
On Windows, a path has a root if it:
- has no prefix and begins with a separator, e.g.,
\windows
- has a prefix followed by a separator, e.g.,
c:\windows
but notc:windows
- has any non-disk prefix, e.g.,
\\server\share
- has no prefix and begins with a separator, e.g.,
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert!(Path::new("/etc/passwd").has_root());
Returns the Path
without its final component, if there is one.
Returns None
if the path terminates in a root or prefix.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/foo/bar");
let parent = path.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(parent, Path::new("/foo"));
let grand_parent = parent.parent().unwrap();
assert_eq!(grand_parent, Path::new("/"));
assert_eq!(grand_parent.parent(), None);
Produces an iterator over Path
and its ancestors.
The iterator will yield the Path
that is returned if the parent
method is used zero
or more times. That means, the iterator will yield &self
, &self.parent().unwrap()
,
&self.parent().unwrap().parent().unwrap()
and so on. If the parent
method returns
None
, the iterator will do likewise. The iterator will always yield at least one value,
namely &self
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let mut ancestors = Path::new("/foo/bar").ancestors();
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/foo/bar")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/foo")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("/")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None);
let mut ancestors = Path::new("../foo/bar").ancestors();
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("../foo/bar")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("../foo")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("..")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None);
Returns the final component of the Path
, if there is one.
If the path is a normal file, this is the file name. If it’s the path of a directory, this is the directory name.
Returns None
if the path terminates in ..
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
use std::ffi::OsStr;
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("bin")), Path::new("/usr/bin/").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("tmp/foo.txt").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("foo.txt/.").file_name());
assert_eq!(Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")), Path::new("foo.txt/.//").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Path::new("foo.txt/..").file_name());
assert_eq!(None, Path::new("/").file_name());
1.7.0[src]pub fn strip_prefix<P>(&self, base: P) -> Result<&Path, StripPrefixError> where
P: AsRef<Path>,
pub fn strip_prefix<P>(&self, base: P) -> Result<&Path, StripPrefixError> where
P: AsRef<Path>,
Returns a path that, when joined onto base
, yields self
.
Errors
If base
is not a prefix of self
(i.e., starts_with
returns false
), returns Err
.
Examples
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
let path = Path::new("/test/haha/foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/"), Ok(Path::new("test/haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test"), Ok(Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/"), Ok(Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt"), Ok(Path::new("")));
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt/"), Ok(Path::new("")));
assert!(path.strip_prefix("test").is_err());
assert!(path.strip_prefix("/haha").is_err());
let prefix = PathBuf::from("/test/");
assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix(prefix), Ok(Path::new("haha/foo.txt")));
Determines whether base
is a prefix of self
.
Only considers whole path components to match.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/etc/passwd");
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd"));
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd/")); // extra slash is okay
assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd///")); // multiple extra slashes are okay
assert!(!path.starts_with("/e"));
assert!(!path.starts_with("/etc/passwd.txt"));
assert!(!Path::new("/etc/foo.rs").starts_with("/etc/foo"));
Determines whether child
is a suffix of self
.
Only considers whole path components to match.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/etc/resolv.conf");
assert!(path.ends_with("resolv.conf"));
assert!(path.ends_with("etc/resolv.conf"));
assert!(path.ends_with("/etc/resolv.conf"));
assert!(!path.ends_with("/resolv.conf"));
assert!(!path.ends_with("conf")); // use .extension() instead
Extracts the stem (non-extension) portion of self.file_name
.
The stem is:
None
, if there is no file name;- The entire file name if there is no embedded
.
; - The entire file name if the file name begins with
.
and has no other.
s within; - Otherwise, the portion of the file name before the final
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!("foo", Path::new("foo.rs").file_stem().unwrap());
assert_eq!("foo.tar", Path::new("foo.tar.gz").file_stem().unwrap());
See Also
This method is similar to Path::file_prefix
, which extracts the portion of the file name
before the first .
🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (path_file_prefix
)
path_file_prefix
)Extracts the prefix of self.file_name
.
The prefix is:
None
, if there is no file name;- The entire file name if there is no embedded
.
; - The portion of the file name before the first non-beginning
.
; - The entire file name if the file name begins with
.
and has no other.
s within; - The portion of the file name before the second
.
if the file name begins with.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!("foo", Path::new("foo.rs").file_prefix().unwrap());
assert_eq!("foo", Path::new("foo.tar.gz").file_prefix().unwrap());
See Also
This method is similar to Path::file_stem
, which extracts the portion of the file name
before the last .
Extracts the extension of self.file_name
, if possible.
The extension is:
None
, if there is no file name;None
, if there is no embedded.
;None
, if the file name begins with.
and has no other.
s within;- Otherwise, the portion of the file name after the final
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!("rs", Path::new("foo.rs").extension().unwrap());
assert_eq!("gz", Path::new("foo.tar.gz").extension().unwrap());
Creates an owned PathBuf
with path
adjoined to self
.
See PathBuf::push
for more details on what it means to adjoin a path.
Examples
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
assert_eq!(Path::new("/etc").join("passwd"), PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd"));
Creates an owned PathBuf
like self
but with the given file name.
See PathBuf::set_file_name
for more details.
Examples
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
let path = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("bar.txt"), PathBuf::from("/tmp/bar.txt"));
let path = Path::new("/tmp");
assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("var"), PathBuf::from("/var"));
Creates an owned PathBuf
like self
but with the given extension.
See PathBuf::set_extension
for more details.
Examples
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
let path = Path::new("foo.rs");
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("txt"), PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));
let path = Path::new("foo.tar.gz");
assert_eq!(path.with_extension(""), PathBuf::from("foo.tar"));
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("xz"), PathBuf::from("foo.tar.xz"));
assert_eq!(path.with_extension("").with_extension("txt"), PathBuf::from("foo.txt"));
Produces an iterator over the Component
s of the path.
When parsing the path, there is a small amount of normalization:
-
Repeated separators are ignored, so
a/b
anda//b
both havea
andb
as components. -
Occurrences of
.
are normalized away, except if they are at the beginning of the path. For example,a/./b
,a/b/
,a/b/.
anda/b
all havea
andb
as components, but./a/b
starts with an additionalCurDir
component. -
A trailing slash is normalized away,
/a/b
and/a/b/
are equivalent.
Note that no other normalization takes place; in particular, a/c
and a/b/../c
are distinct, to account for the possibility that b
is a symbolic link (so its parent isn’t a
).
Examples
use std::path::{Path, Component};
use std::ffi::OsStr;
let mut components = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").components();
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::RootDir));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::Normal(OsStr::new("tmp"))));
assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Component::Normal(OsStr::new("foo.txt"))));
assert_eq!(components.next(), None)
Produces an iterator over the path’s components viewed as OsStr
slices.
For more information about the particulars of how the path is separated
into components, see components
.
Examples
use std::path::{self, Path};
use std::ffi::OsStr;
let mut it = Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").iter();
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new(&path::MAIN_SEPARATOR.to_string())));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new("tmp")));
assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(OsStr::new("foo.txt")));
assert_eq!(it.next(), None)
Returns an object that implements Display
for safely printing paths
that may contain non-Unicode data. This may perform lossy conversion,
depending on the platform. If you would like an implementation which
escapes the path please use Debug
instead.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/tmp/foo.rs");
println!("{}", path.display());
Queries the file system to get information about a file, directory, etc.
This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.
This is an alias to fs::metadata
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.metadata().expect("metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());
Queries the metadata about a file without following symlinks.
This is an alias to fs::symlink_metadata
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/Minas/tirith");
let metadata = path.symlink_metadata().expect("symlink_metadata call failed");
println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type());
Returns the canonical, absolute form of the path with all intermediate components normalized and symbolic links resolved.
This is an alias to fs::canonicalize
.
Examples
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
let path = Path::new("/foo/test/../test/bar.rs");
assert_eq!(path.canonicalize().unwrap(), PathBuf::from("/foo/test/bar.rs"));
Reads a symbolic link, returning the file that the link points to.
This is an alias to fs::read_link
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/laputa/sky_castle.rs");
let path_link = path.read_link().expect("read_link call failed");
Returns an iterator over the entries within a directory.
The iterator will yield instances of io::Result<fs::DirEntry>
. New
errors may be encountered after an iterator is initially constructed.
This is an alias to fs::read_dir
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
let path = Path::new("/laputa");
for entry in path.read_dir().expect("read_dir call failed") {
if let Ok(entry) = entry {
println!("{:?}", entry.path());
}
}
Returns true
if the path points at an existing entity.
This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.
If you cannot access the metadata of the file, e.g. because of a
permission error or broken symbolic links, this will return false
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert!(!Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").exists());
See Also
This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to
check errors, call fs::metadata
.
🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (path_try_exists
)
path_try_exists
)Returns Ok(true)
if the path points at an existing entity.
This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the
destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return Ok(false)
.
As opposed to the exists()
method, this one doesn’t silently ignore errors
unrelated to the path not existing. (E.g. it will return Err(_)
in case of permission
denied on some of the parent directories.)
Examples
#![feature(path_try_exists)]
use std::path::Path;
assert!(!Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").try_exists().expect("Can't check existence of file does_not_exist.txt"));
assert!(Path::new("/root/secret_file.txt").try_exists().is_err());
Returns true
if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a regular file.
This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.
If you cannot access the metadata of the file, e.g. because of a
permission error or broken symbolic links, this will return false
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!(Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_file(), false);
assert_eq!(Path::new("a_file.txt").is_file(), true);
See Also
This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to
check errors, call fs::metadata
and handle its Result
. Then call
fs::Metadata::is_file
if it was Ok
.
When the goal is simply to read from (or write to) the source, the most
reliable way to test the source can be read (or written to) is to open
it. Only using is_file
can break workflows like diff <( prog_a )
on
a Unix-like system for example. See fs::File::open
or
fs::OpenOptions::open
for more information.
Returns true
if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a directory.
This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the destination file.
If you cannot access the metadata of the file, e.g. because of a
permission error or broken symbolic links, this will return false
.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
assert_eq!(Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_dir(), true);
assert_eq!(Path::new("a_file.txt").is_dir(), false);
See Also
This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to
check errors, call fs::metadata
and handle its Result
. Then call
fs::Metadata::is_dir
if it was Ok
.
Returns true
if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a symbolic link.
This function will not traverse symbolic links. In case of a broken symbolic link this will also return true.
If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a permission error, this will return false.
Examples
use std::path::Path;
use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
let link_path = Path::new("link");
symlink("/origin_does_not_exists/", link_path).unwrap();
assert_eq!(link_path.is_symlink(), true);
assert_eq!(link_path.exists(), false);
See Also
This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to
check errors, call fs::symlink_metadata
and handle its Result
. Then call
fs::Metadata::is_symlink
if it was Ok
.
Trait Implementations
Performs the conversion.