surfpool_core/surfnet/

locker.rs

use std::sync::Arc;

use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, Sender};
use jsonrpc_core::futures::future::join_all;
use litesvm::types::{FailedTransactionMetadata, SimulatedTransactionInfo, TransactionResult};
use solana_account::Account;
use solana_account_decoder::parse_bpf_loader::{
    parse_bpf_upgradeable_loader, BpfUpgradeableLoaderAccountType, UiProgram,
};
use solana_address_lookup_table_interface::state::AddressLookupTable;
use solana_client::rpc_response::RpcKeyedAccount;
use solana_clock::Slot;
use solana_commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
use solana_epoch_info::EpochInfo;
use solana_hash::Hash;
use solana_message::{
    v0::{LoadedAddresses, MessageAddressTableLookup},
    VersionedMessage,
};
use solana_pubkey::Pubkey;
use solana_sdk::{
    bpf_loader_upgradeable::{get_program_data_address, UpgradeableLoaderState},
    transaction::VersionedTransaction,
};
use solana_signature::Signature;
use solana_transaction_error::TransactionError;
use solana_transaction_status::{EncodedConfirmedTransactionWithStatusMeta, UiTransactionEncoding};
use surfpool_types::{
    ComputeUnitsEstimationResult, ProfileResult, SimnetEvent, TransactionConfirmationStatus,
    TransactionStatusEvent,
};
use tokio::sync::RwLock;

use super::{
    remote::SurfnetRemoteClient, AccountFactory, GetAccountResult, GetTransactionResult,
    GeyserEvent, SignatureSubscriptionType, SurfnetSvm,
};
use crate::{
    error::{SurfpoolError, SurfpoolResult},
    rpc::utils::convert_transaction_metadata_from_canonical,
};

pub struct SvmAccessContext<T> {
    pub slot: Slot,
    pub latest_epoch_info: EpochInfo,
    pub latest_blockhash: Hash,
    pub inner: T,
}

impl<T> SvmAccessContext<T> {
    pub fn new(slot: Slot, latest_epoch_info: EpochInfo, latest_blockhash: Hash, inner: T) -> Self {
        Self {
            slot,
            latest_blockhash,
            latest_epoch_info,
            inner,
        }
    }

    pub fn inner(&self) -> &T {
        &self.inner
    }

    pub fn with_new_value<N>(&self, inner: N) -> SvmAccessContext<N> {
        SvmAccessContext {
            slot: self.slot,
            latest_blockhash: self.latest_blockhash,
            latest_epoch_info: self.latest_epoch_info.clone(),
            inner,
        }
    }
}

pub type SurfpoolContextualizedResult<T> = SurfpoolResult<SvmAccessContext<T>>;

pub struct SurfnetSvmLocker(pub Arc<RwLock<SurfnetSvm>>);

impl Clone for SurfnetSvmLocker {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Self(self.0.clone())
    }
}

/// Functions for reading and writing to the underlying SurfnetSvm instance
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Executes a read-only operation on the underlying `SurfnetSvm` by acquiring a blocking read lock.
    /// Accepts a closure that receives a shared reference to `SurfnetSvm` and returns a value.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// The result produced by the closure.
    pub fn with_svm_reader<T, F>(&self, reader: F) -> T
    where
        F: Fn(&SurfnetSvm) -> T + Send + Sync,
        T: Send + 'static,
    {
        let read_lock = self.0.clone();
        tokio::task::block_in_place(move || {
            let read_guard = read_lock.blocking_read();
            reader(&read_guard)
        })
    }

    /// Executes a read-only operation and wraps the result in `SvmAccessContext`, capturing
    /// slot, epoch info, and blockhash along with the closure's result.
    fn with_contextualized_svm_reader<T, F>(&self, reader: F) -> SvmAccessContext<T>
    where
        F: Fn(&SurfnetSvm) -> T + Send + Sync,
        T: Send + 'static,
    {
        let read_lock = self.0.clone();
        tokio::task::block_in_place(move || {
            let read_guard = read_lock.blocking_read();
            let res = reader(&read_guard);

            SvmAccessContext::new(
                read_guard.get_latest_absolute_slot(),
                read_guard.latest_epoch_info(),
                read_guard.latest_blockhash(),
                res,
            )
        })
    }

    /// Executes a write operation on the underlying `SurfnetSvm` by acquiring a blocking write lock.
    /// Accepts a closure that receives a mutable reference to `SurfnetSvm` and returns a value.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// The result produced by the closure.
    pub fn with_svm_writer<T, F>(&self, writer: F) -> T
    where
        F: Fn(&mut SurfnetSvm) -> T + Send + Sync,
        T: Send + 'static,
    {
        let write_lock = self.0.clone();
        tokio::task::block_in_place(move || {
            let mut write_guard = write_lock.blocking_write();
            writer(&mut write_guard)
        })
    }
}

/// Functions for creating and initializing the underlying SurfnetSvm instance
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Constructs a new `SurfnetSvmLocker` wrapping the given `SurfnetSvm` instance.
    pub fn new(svm: SurfnetSvm) -> Self {
        Self(Arc::new(RwLock::new(svm)))
    }

    /// Initializes the locked `SurfnetSvm` by fetching or defaulting epoch info,
    /// then calling its `initialize` method. Returns the epoch info on success.
    pub async fn initialize(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<SurfnetRemoteClient>,
    ) -> SurfpoolResult<EpochInfo> {
        let epoch_info = if let Some(remote_client) = remote_ctx {
            remote_client.get_epoch_info().await?
        } else {
            EpochInfo {
                epoch: 0,
                slot_index: 0,
                slots_in_epoch: 0,
                absolute_slot: 0,
                block_height: 0,
                transaction_count: None,
            }
        };

        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
            svm_writer.initialize(epoch_info.clone(), remote_ctx);
        });
        Ok(epoch_info)
    }
}

/// Functions for getting accounts from the underlying SurfnetSvm instance or remote client
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Retrieves a local account from the SVM cache, returning a contextualized result.
    pub fn get_account_local(&self, pubkey: &Pubkey) -> SvmAccessContext<GetAccountResult> {
        self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
            match svm_reader.inner.get_account(pubkey) {
                Some(account) => GetAccountResult::FoundAccount(
                    *pubkey, account,
                    // mark as not an account that should be updated in the SVM, since this is a local read and it already exists
                    false,
                ),
                None => GetAccountResult::None(*pubkey),
            }
        })
    }

    /// Attempts local retrieval, then fetches from remote if missing, returning a contextualized result.
    pub async fn get_account_local_then_remote(
        &self,
        client: &SurfnetRemoteClient,
        pubkey: &Pubkey,
        commitment_config: CommitmentConfig,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<GetAccountResult> {
        let result = self.get_account_local(pubkey);

        if result.inner.is_none() {
            let remote_account = client.get_account(pubkey, commitment_config).await?;
            Ok(result.with_new_value(remote_account))
        } else {
            Ok(result)
        }
    }

    /// Retrieves an account, using local or remote based on context, applying a default factory if provided.
    pub async fn get_account(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        pubkey: &Pubkey,
        factory: Option<AccountFactory>,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<GetAccountResult> {
        let result = if let Some((remote_client, commitment_config)) = remote_ctx {
            self.get_account_local_then_remote(remote_client, pubkey, *commitment_config)
                .await?
        } else {
            self.get_account_local(pubkey)
        };

        match (&result.inner, factory) {
            (&GetAccountResult::None(_), Some(factory)) => {
                let default = factory(self.clone());
                Ok(result.with_new_value(default))
            }
            _ => Ok(result),
        }
    }

    /// Retrieves multiple accounts from local cache, returning a contextualized result.
    pub fn get_multiple_accounts_local(
        &self,
        pubkeys: &[Pubkey],
    ) -> SvmAccessContext<Vec<GetAccountResult>> {
        self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
            let mut accounts = vec![];

            for pubkey in pubkeys.iter() {
                let res = match svm_reader.inner.get_account(pubkey) {
                    Some(account) => GetAccountResult::FoundAccount(
                        *pubkey, account,
                        // mark as not an account that should be updated in the SVM, since this is a local read and it already exists
                        false,
                    ),
                    None => GetAccountResult::None(*pubkey),
                };
                accounts.push(res);
            }
            accounts
        })
    }

    /// Retrieves multiple accounts, fetching missing ones from remote, returning a contextualized result.
    pub async fn get_multiple_accounts_local_then_remote(
        &self,
        client: &SurfnetRemoteClient,
        pubkeys: &[Pubkey],
        commitment_config: CommitmentConfig,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<Vec<GetAccountResult>> {
        let results = self.get_multiple_accounts_local(pubkeys);

        let mut missing_accounts = vec![];
        for result in &results.inner {
            if let GetAccountResult::None(pubkey) = result {
                missing_accounts.push(*pubkey)
            }
        }

        if missing_accounts.is_empty() {
            return Ok(results);
        }

        let mut remote_results = client
            .get_multiple_accounts(&missing_accounts, commitment_config)
            .await?;
        let mut combined_results = results.inner.clone();
        combined_results.append(&mut remote_results);

        Ok(results.with_new_value(combined_results))
    }

    /// Retrieves multiple accounts, using local or remote context and applying factory defaults if provided.
    pub async fn get_multiple_accounts(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        pubkeys: &[Pubkey],
        factory: Option<AccountFactory>,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<Vec<GetAccountResult>> {
        let results = if let Some((remote_client, commitment_config)) = remote_ctx {
            self.get_multiple_accounts_local_then_remote(remote_client, pubkeys, *commitment_config)
                .await?
        } else {
            self.get_multiple_accounts_local(pubkeys)
        };

        let mut combined = Vec::with_capacity(results.inner.len());
        for result in results.inner.clone() {
            match (&result, &factory) {
                (&GetAccountResult::None(_), Some(factory)) => {
                    let default = factory(self.clone());
                    combined.push(default);
                }
                _ => combined.push(result),
            }
        }
        Ok(results.with_new_value(combined))
    }
}

/// Functions for getting transactions from the underlying SurfnetSvm instance or remote client
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Retrieves a transaction by signature, using local or remote based on context.
    pub async fn get_transaction(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, Option<UiTransactionEncoding>)>,
        signature: &Signature,
    ) -> SvmAccessContext<GetTransactionResult> {
        if let Some((remote_client, encoding)) = remote_ctx {
            self.get_transaction_local_then_remote(remote_client, signature, *encoding)
                .await
        } else {
            self.get_transaction_local(signature)
        }
    }

    /// Retrieves a transaction from local cache, returning a contextualized result.
    pub fn get_transaction_local(
        &self,
        signature: &Signature,
    ) -> SvmAccessContext<GetTransactionResult> {
        self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
            let latest_absolute_slot = svm_reader.get_latest_absolute_slot();

            match svm_reader.transactions.get(signature).map(|entry| {
                Into::<EncodedConfirmedTransactionWithStatusMeta>::into(
                    entry.expect_processed().clone(),
                )
            }) {
                Some(tx) => {
                    GetTransactionResult::found_transaction(*signature, tx, latest_absolute_slot)
                }
                None => GetTransactionResult::None(*signature),
            }
        })
    }

    /// Retrieves a transaction locally then from remote if missing, returning a contextualized result.
    pub async fn get_transaction_local_then_remote(
        &self,
        client: &SurfnetRemoteClient,
        signature: &Signature,
        encoding: Option<UiTransactionEncoding>,
    ) -> SvmAccessContext<GetTransactionResult> {
        let local_result = self.get_transaction_local(signature);
        if local_result.inner.is_none() {
            let remote_result = client
                .get_transaction(*signature, encoding, local_result.slot)
                .await;
            local_result.with_new_value(remote_result)
        } else {
            local_result
        }
    }
}

/// Functions for simulating and processing transactions in the underlying SurfnetSvm instance
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Simulates a transaction on the SVM, returning detailed info or failure metadata.
    pub fn simulate_transaction(
        &self,
        transaction: VersionedTransaction,
    ) -> Result<SimulatedTransactionInfo, FailedTransactionMetadata> {
        self.with_svm_reader(|svm_reader| svm_reader.simulate_transaction(transaction.clone()))
    }

    /// Processes a transaction: verifies signatures, preflight sim, sends to SVM, and enqueues status events.
    pub async fn process_transaction(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        transaction: VersionedTransaction,
        status_tx: Sender<TransactionStatusEvent>,
        skip_preflight: bool,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<()> {
        let (latest_absolute_slot, latest_epoch_info, latest_blockhash) =
            self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
                let latest_absolute_slot = svm_writer.get_latest_absolute_slot();
                svm_writer.notify_signature_subscribers(
                    SignatureSubscriptionType::received(),
                    &transaction.signatures[0],
                    latest_absolute_slot,
                    None,
                );
                (
                    latest_absolute_slot,
                    svm_writer.latest_epoch_info(),
                    svm_writer.latest_blockhash(),
                )
            });

        // verify valid signatures on the transaction
        {
            if transaction
                .verify_with_results()
                .iter()
                .any(|valid| !*valid)
            {
                return Ok(self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
                    svm_reader
                        .notify_invalid_transaction(transaction.signatures[0], status_tx.clone());
                }));
            }
        }

        let signature = transaction.signatures[0];

        // find accounts that are needed for this transaction but are missing from the local
        // svm cache, fetch them from the RPC, and insert them locally
        let accounts = self
            .get_pubkeys_from_message(remote_ctx, &transaction.message)
            .await?;

        let account_updates = self
            .get_multiple_accounts(remote_ctx, &accounts, None)
            .await?
            .inner;

        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
            for update in &account_updates {
                svm_writer.write_account_update(update.clone());
            }
            // if not skipping preflight, simulate the transaction
            if !skip_preflight {
                match svm_writer.simulate_transaction(transaction.clone()) {
                    Ok(_) => {}
                    Err(res) => {
                        let _ = svm_writer
                            .simnet_events_tx
                            .try_send(SimnetEvent::error(format!(
                                "Transaction simulation failed: {}",
                                res.err
                            )));
                        let meta = convert_transaction_metadata_from_canonical(&res.meta);
                        let _ = status_tx.try_send(TransactionStatusEvent::SimulationFailure((
                            res.err.clone(),
                            meta,
                        )));
                        svm_writer.notify_signature_subscribers(
                            SignatureSubscriptionType::processed(),
                            &signature,
                            latest_absolute_slot,
                            Some(res.err),
                        );
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
            // send the transaction to the SVM
            let err = match svm_writer
                .send_transaction(transaction.clone(), false /* cu_analysis_enabled */)
            {
                Ok(res) => {
                    let transaction_meta = convert_transaction_metadata_from_canonical(&res);
                    let _ = svm_writer
                        .geyser_events_tx
                        .send(GeyserEvent::NewTransaction(
                            transaction.clone(),
                            transaction_meta.clone(),
                            latest_absolute_slot,
                        ));
                    let _ = status_tx.try_send(TransactionStatusEvent::Success(
                        TransactionConfirmationStatus::Processed,
                    ));
                    svm_writer
                        .transactions_queued_for_confirmation
                        .push_back((transaction.clone(), status_tx.clone()));
                    None
                }
                Err(res) => {
                    let transaction_meta = convert_transaction_metadata_from_canonical(&res.meta);
                    let _ = svm_writer
                        .simnet_events_tx
                        .try_send(SimnetEvent::error(format!(
                            "Transaction execution failed: {}",
                            res.err
                        )));
                    let _ = status_tx.try_send(TransactionStatusEvent::ExecutionFailure((
                        res.err.clone(),
                        transaction_meta,
                    )));
                    Some(res.err)
                }
            };

            svm_writer.notify_signature_subscribers(
                SignatureSubscriptionType::processed(),
                &signature,
                latest_absolute_slot,
                err,
            );
        });

        Ok(SvmAccessContext::new(
            latest_absolute_slot,
            latest_epoch_info,
            latest_blockhash,
            (),
        ))
    }
}

/// Functions for writing account updates to the underlying SurfnetSvm instance
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Writes a single account update into the SVM state if present.
    pub fn write_account_update(&self, account_update: GetAccountResult) {
        if !account_update.requires_update() {
            return;
        }

        self.with_svm_writer(move |svm_writer| {
            svm_writer.write_account_update(account_update.clone())
        })
    }

    /// Writes multiple account updates into the SVM state when any are present.
    pub fn write_multiple_account_updates(&self, account_updates: &[GetAccountResult]) {
        if account_updates
            .iter()
            .all(|update| !update.requires_update())
        {
            return;
        }

        self.with_svm_writer(move |svm_writer| {
            for update in account_updates {
                svm_writer.write_account_update(update.clone());
            }
        });
    }
}

/// Token account related functions
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Fetches all token accounts for an owner, returning remote results and missing pubkeys contexts.
    pub async fn get_all_token_accounts(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<SurfnetRemoteClient>,
        owner: Pubkey,
        token_program: Pubkey,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<(Vec<RpcKeyedAccount>, Vec<Pubkey>)> {
        let keyed_accounts = if let Some(remote_client) = remote_ctx {
            remote_client
                .get_token_accounts_by_owner(owner, token_program)
                .await?
        } else {
            vec![]
        };

        let token_account_pubkeys = keyed_accounts
            .iter()
            .map(|a| Pubkey::from_str_const(&a.pubkey))
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        // Fetch all of the returned accounts to see which ones aren't available in the local cache
        let local_accounts = self.get_multiple_accounts_local(&token_account_pubkeys);

        let missing_pubkeys = local_accounts
            .inner
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|some_account_result| match &some_account_result {
                GetAccountResult::None(pubkey) => Some(*pubkey),
                _ => None,
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        // TODO: we still need to check local accounts, but I know of no way to iterate over the liteSVM accounts db

        Ok(local_accounts.with_new_value((keyed_accounts, missing_pubkeys)))
    }
}

/// Address lookup table related functions
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Extracts pubkeys from a VersionedMessage, resolving address lookup tables as needed.
    pub async fn get_pubkeys_from_message(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        message: &VersionedMessage,
    ) -> SurfpoolResult<Vec<Pubkey>> {
        match message {
            VersionedMessage::Legacy(message) => Ok(message.account_keys.clone()),
            VersionedMessage::V0(message) => {
                let alts = message.address_table_lookups.clone();
                let mut acc_keys = message.account_keys.clone();
                let mut alt_pubkeys = alts.iter().map(|msg| msg.account_key).collect::<Vec<_>>();

                let mut table_entries = join_all(alts.iter().map(|msg| async {
                    let loaded_addresses = self
                        .get_lookup_table_addresses(remote_ctx, msg)
                        .await?
                        .inner;
                    let mut combined = loaded_addresses.writable;
                    combined.extend(loaded_addresses.readonly);
                    Ok::<_, SurfpoolError>(combined)
                }))
                .await
                .into_iter()
                .collect::<Result<Vec<Vec<Pubkey>>, SurfpoolError>>()?
                .into_iter()
                .flatten()
                .collect();

                acc_keys.append(&mut alt_pubkeys);
                acc_keys.append(&mut table_entries);
                Ok(acc_keys)
            }
        }
    }

    /// Retrieves loaded addresses from a lookup table account, validating owner and indices.
    pub async fn get_lookup_table_addresses(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        address_table_lookup: &MessageAddressTableLookup,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<LoadedAddresses> {
        let result = self
            .get_account(remote_ctx, &address_table_lookup.account_key, None)
            .await?;
        let table_account = result.inner.clone().map_account()?;

        if table_account.owner == solana_sdk_ids::address_lookup_table::id() {
            let SvmAccessContext {
                slot: current_slot,
                inner: slot_hashes,
                ..
            } = self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
                svm_reader
                    .inner
                    .get_sysvar::<solana_sdk::sysvar::slot_hashes::SlotHashes>()
            });

            //let current_slot = self.get_latest_absolute_slot(); // or should i use this?
            let data = &table_account.data.clone();
            let lookup_table = AddressLookupTable::deserialize(data).map_err(|_ix_err| {
                SurfpoolError::invalid_account_data(
                    address_table_lookup.account_key,
                    table_account.data,
                    Some("Attempted to lookup addresses from an invalid account"),
                )
            })?;

            let loaded_addresses = LoadedAddresses {
                writable: lookup_table
                    .lookup(
                        current_slot,
                        &address_table_lookup.writable_indexes,
                        &slot_hashes,
                    )
                    .map_err(|_ix_err| {
                        SurfpoolError::invalid_lookup_index(address_table_lookup.account_key)
                    })?,
                readonly: lookup_table
                    .lookup(
                        current_slot,
                        &address_table_lookup.readonly_indexes,
                        &slot_hashes,
                    )
                    .map_err(|_ix_err| {
                        SurfpoolError::invalid_lookup_index(address_table_lookup.account_key)
                    })?,
            };
            Ok(result.with_new_value(loaded_addresses))
        } else {
            Err(SurfpoolError::invalid_account_owner(
                table_account.owner,
                Some("Attempted to lookup addresses from an account owned by the wrong program"),
            ))
        }
    }
}

/// Profiling helper functions
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Estimates compute units for a transaction via contextualized simulation.
    pub fn estimate_compute_units(
        &self,
        transaction: &VersionedTransaction,
    ) -> SvmAccessContext<ComputeUnitsEstimationResult> {
        self.with_contextualized_svm_reader(|svm_reader| {
            svm_reader.estimate_compute_units(transaction)
        })
    }

    /// Records profiling results under a tag and emits a tagged profile event.
    pub fn write_profiling_results(&self, tag: String, profile_result: ProfileResult) {
        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
            svm_writer
                .tagged_profiling_results
                .entry(tag.clone())
                .or_default()
                .push(profile_result.clone());
            let _ = svm_writer
                .simnet_events_tx
                .try_send(SimnetEvent::tagged_profile(
                    profile_result.clone(),
                    tag.clone(),
                ));
        });
    }
}

/// Program account related functions
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Clones a program account from source to destination, handling upgradeable loader state.
    pub async fn clone_program_account(
        &self,
        remote_ctx: &Option<(SurfnetRemoteClient, CommitmentConfig)>,
        source_program_id: &Pubkey,
        destination_program_id: &Pubkey,
    ) -> SurfpoolContextualizedResult<()> {
        let expected_source_program_data_address = get_program_data_address(source_program_id);

        let result = self
            .get_multiple_accounts(
                remote_ctx,
                &[*source_program_id, expected_source_program_data_address],
                None,
            )
            .await?;

        let mut accounts = result
            .inner
            .clone()
            .into_iter()
            .map(|a| a.map_account())
            .collect::<SurfpoolResult<Vec<Account>>>()?;

        let source_program_data_account = accounts.remove(1);
        let source_program_account = accounts.remove(0);

        let BpfUpgradeableLoaderAccountType::Program(UiProgram {
            program_data: source_program_data_address,
        }) = parse_bpf_upgradeable_loader(&source_program_account.data).map_err(|e| {
            SurfpoolError::invalid_program_account(source_program_id, e.to_string())
        })?
        else {
            return Err(SurfpoolError::expected_program_account(source_program_id));
        };

        if source_program_data_address.ne(&expected_source_program_data_address.to_string()) {
            return Err(SurfpoolError::invalid_program_account(
                source_program_id,
                format!(
                    "Program data address mismatch: expected {}, found {}",
                    expected_source_program_data_address, source_program_data_address
                ),
            ));
        }

        let destination_program_data_address = get_program_data_address(destination_program_id);

        // create a new program account that has the `program_data` field set to the
        // destination program data address
        let mut new_program_account = source_program_account;
        new_program_account.data = bincode::serialize(&UpgradeableLoaderState::Program {
            programdata_address: destination_program_data_address,
        })
        .map_err(|e| SurfpoolError::internal(format!("Failed to serialize program data: {}", e)))?;

        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
            svm_writer.set_account(
                &destination_program_data_address,
                source_program_data_account.clone(),
            )?;

            svm_writer.set_account(destination_program_id, new_program_account.clone())?;
            Ok::<(), SurfpoolError>(())
        })?;

        Ok(result.with_new_value(()))
    }
}

/// Pass through functions for accessing the underlying SurfnetSvm instance
impl SurfnetSvmLocker {
    /// Returns a sender for simulation events from the underlying SVM.
    pub fn simnet_events_tx(&self) -> Sender<SimnetEvent> {
        self.with_svm_reader(|svm_reader| svm_reader.simnet_events_tx.clone())
    }

    /// Retrieves the latest epoch info from the underlying SVM.
    pub fn get_epoch_info(&self) -> EpochInfo {
        self.with_svm_reader(|svm_reader| svm_reader.latest_epoch_info.clone())
    }

    /// Retrieves the latest absolute slot from the underlying SVM.
    pub fn get_latest_absolute_slot(&self) -> Slot {
        self.with_svm_reader(|svm_reader| svm_reader.get_latest_absolute_slot())
    }

    /// Executes an airdrop via the underlying SVM.
    pub fn airdrop(&self, pubkey: &Pubkey, lamports: u64) -> TransactionResult {
        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| svm_writer.airdrop(pubkey, lamports))
    }

    /// Executes a batch airdrop via the underlying SVM.
    pub fn airdrop_pubkeys(&self, lamports: u64, addresses: &[Pubkey]) {
        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| svm_writer.airdrop_pubkeys(lamports, addresses))
    }

    /// Confirms the current block on the underlying SVM, returning `Ok(())` or an error.
    pub fn confirm_current_block(&self) -> SurfpoolResult<()> {
        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| svm_writer.confirm_current_block())
    }

    /// Subscribes for signature updates (confirmed/finalized) and returns a receiver of events.
    pub fn subscribe_for_signature_updates(
        &self,
        signature: &Signature,
        subscription_type: SignatureSubscriptionType,
    ) -> Receiver<(Slot, Option<TransactionError>)> {
        self.with_svm_writer(|svm_writer| {
            svm_writer.subscribe_for_signature_updates(signature, subscription_type.clone())
        })
    }
}