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//! Execution of and interaction with external processes and pipelines. //! //! The entry points to the crate are the [`Popen`] struct and the //! [`Exec`] builder. `Popen` is the interface to a running child //! process, modeled after Python's [`subprocess.Popen`], with //! modifications to make it fit to Rust. `Exec` provides a Rustic //! builder-style API with convenient methods for streaming and //! capturing of output, as well as combining `Popen` instances into //! pipelines. //! //! Compared to `std::process`, the module follows the following //! additional features: //! //! * The [`communicate`] method for deadlock-free reading of subprocess //! output/error, while simultaneously providing it stdin. //! //! * Advanced redirection options, such as connecting standard //! streams to arbitary open files, or merging output streams like //! shell's `2>&1` and `1>&2` operators. //! //! * Non-blocking and timeout methods to wait on the process: //! [`poll`], [`wait`], and [`wait_timeout`]. //! //! * Connecting multiple commands into OS-level [pipelines]. //! //! # Examples //! //! Communicate with a process and optionally terminate it: //! //! ``` //! # use subprocess::*; //! # fn dummy() -> Result<()> { //! let mut p = Popen::create(&["ps", "x"], PopenConfig { //! stdout: Redirection::Pipe, ..Default::default() //! })?; //! //! // Obtain the output from the standard streams. //! let (out, err) = p.communicate(None)?; //! //! if let Some(exit_status) = p.poll() { //! // the process has finished //! } else { //! // it is still running, terminate it //! p.terminate()?; //! } //! # Ok(()) //! # } //! ``` //! //! Use the [`Exec`] builder to execute a pipeline of commands and //! capture the output: //! //! ```no_run //! # use subprocess::*; //! # fn dummy() -> Result<()> { //! let dir_checksum = { //! Exec::shell("find . -type f") | Exec::cmd("sort") | Exec::cmd("sha1sum") //! }.capture()?.stdout_str(); //! # Ok(()) //! # } //! ``` //! //! [`Popen`]: struct.Popen.html //! [`Exec`]: struct.Exec.html //! [`communicate`]: struct.Popen.html#method.communicate //! [`poll`]: struct.Popen.html#method.poll //! [`wait`]: struct.Popen.html#method.wait //! [`wait_timeout`]: struct.Popen.html#method.wait_timeout //! [`subprocess.Popen`]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen //! [pipelines]: struct.Pipeline.html #![warn(missing_docs)] extern crate libc; #[cfg(windows)] extern crate kernel32; #[cfg(windows)] extern crate winapi; mod popen; mod builder; #[cfg(unix)] mod posix; #[cfg(windows)] mod win32; mod os_common; pub use self::os_common::ExitStatus; pub use self::popen::{Popen, PopenConfig, Redirection, PopenError, Result}; pub use self::builder::{Exec, NullFile, Pipeline}; #[cfg(test)] mod tests { mod common; #[cfg(unix)] mod posix; #[cfg(windows)] mod win32; mod builder; }